Pub Date : 2024-07-04DOI: 10.3390/diseases12070143
Prashant Chikkahonnaiah, Siva Dallavalasa, SubbaRao V. Tulimilli, Muskan Dubey, Shashidhar H. Byrappa, R. Amachawadi, SabbaRao V. Madhunapantula, R. P. Veeranna
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common comorbidity in COVID-19 subjects. Hyperglycemia at hospital admission identified as a major risk factor and is responsible for poor prognosis. Hematological and inflammatory parameters have been recognized as predictive markers of severity in COVID-19. In this clinical study, we aimed to assess the impact of hyperglycemia at hospital admission on hematological and several inflammatory parameters in COVID-19 patients. A total of 550 COVID-19 subjects were primarily categorized into two major groups (normoglycemic and hyperglycemic) based on random blood sugar levels. On the first day of hospitalization, subjects’ oxygen saturation, random blood sugar, hematological variables, and inflammatory parameters were recorded. The hyperglycemic group exhibited higher levels of serum ferritin, total leukocyte count (TLC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), neutrophil count, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). In contrast, oxygen saturation and lymphocyte count were lower compared to the normoglycemic group. Significantly elevated levels of hematological variables (TLC, neutrophil count, NLR) and inflammatory parameters (serum ferritin) were observed in the hyperglycemic group. Among inflammatory parameters, only serum ferritin levels showed statistical significance. This study supports the clinical association between hyperglycemia and an increased severity of COVID-19. Consequently, the identification of these parameters is a crucial and valuable prognostic indicator for assessing disease severity in hyperglycemic subjects.
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 Infection Positively Correlates with Hyperglycemia and Inflammatory Markers in COVID-19 Patients: A Clinical Research Study","authors":"Prashant Chikkahonnaiah, Siva Dallavalasa, SubbaRao V. Tulimilli, Muskan Dubey, Shashidhar H. Byrappa, R. Amachawadi, SabbaRao V. Madhunapantula, R. P. Veeranna","doi":"10.3390/diseases12070143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12070143","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common comorbidity in COVID-19 subjects. Hyperglycemia at hospital admission identified as a major risk factor and is responsible for poor prognosis. Hematological and inflammatory parameters have been recognized as predictive markers of severity in COVID-19. In this clinical study, we aimed to assess the impact of hyperglycemia at hospital admission on hematological and several inflammatory parameters in COVID-19 patients. A total of 550 COVID-19 subjects were primarily categorized into two major groups (normoglycemic and hyperglycemic) based on random blood sugar levels. On the first day of hospitalization, subjects’ oxygen saturation, random blood sugar, hematological variables, and inflammatory parameters were recorded. The hyperglycemic group exhibited higher levels of serum ferritin, total leukocyte count (TLC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), neutrophil count, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). In contrast, oxygen saturation and lymphocyte count were lower compared to the normoglycemic group. Significantly elevated levels of hematological variables (TLC, neutrophil count, NLR) and inflammatory parameters (serum ferritin) were observed in the hyperglycemic group. Among inflammatory parameters, only serum ferritin levels showed statistical significance. This study supports the clinical association between hyperglycemia and an increased severity of COVID-19. Consequently, the identification of these parameters is a crucial and valuable prognostic indicator for assessing disease severity in hyperglycemic subjects.","PeriodicalId":11200,"journal":{"name":"Diseases","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141679003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.3390/diseases12070142
Jędrzej Borowczak, Agnieszka Gąsiorek-Kwiatkowska, Krzysztof Szczerbowski, Mateusz Maniewski, Marek Zdrenka, Marta Szadurska-Noga, Karol Gostomczyk, Paula Rutkiewicz, Katarzyna Olejnik, Wojciech Cnota, Magdalena Karpów-Greiner, Wojciech Knypiński, Marta I Sekielska-Domanowska, Grzegorz Ludwikowski, Mariusz Dubiel, Łukasz Szylberg, Magdalena Bodnar
Background: SARS-CoV-2 can damage human placentas, leading to pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia and premature birth. This study investigates the histopathological changes found in COVID-19-affected placentas. Materials and Methods: This study included 23 placentas from patients with active COVID-19 during delivery and 22 samples from patients without COVID-19 infection in their medical history. The samples underwent histopathological examination for pathology, such as trophoblast necrosis, signs of vessel damage, or fetal vascular malperfusion. Results: Newborns from the research group have lower weights and Apgar scores than healthy newborns. In the COVID-19 group, calcifications and collapsed intervillous space were more frequent, and inflammation was more severe than in the healthy group. At the same time, the placenta of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients showed signs of accelerated vascular maturation. Trophoblast necrosis was found only in the placentas of the research group. The expression of CD68+ was elevated in the COVID-19 cohort, suggesting that macrophages constituted a significant part of the inflammatory infiltrate. The increase in lymphocyte B markers was associated with placental infarctions, while high levels of CD3+, specific for cytotoxic T lymphocytes, correlated with vascular injury. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 is associated with pathological changes in the placenta, including trophoblast necrosis, calcification, and accelerated villous maturation. Those changes appear to be driven by T cells and macrophages, whose increased expression reflects ongoing histiocytic intervillositis in the placenta.
背景：SARS-CoV-2 可损害人类胎盘，导致妊娠并发症，如子痫前期和早产。本研究调查了受 COVID-19 影响的胎盘的组织病理学变化。材料和方法：本研究包括 23 份来自分娩过程中 COVID-19 活动患者的胎盘样本和 22 份来自无 COVID-19 感染病史患者的胎盘样本。对样本进行组织病理学检查，以确定是否存在滋养层坏死、血管损伤或胎儿血管灌注不良等病理现象。结果研究组新生儿的体重和阿普加评分均低于健康新生儿。与健康组相比，COVID-19 研究组的钙化和绒毛间隙塌陷更为常见，炎症也更为严重。同时，SARS-CoV-2 阳性患者的胎盘显示出血管加速成熟的迹象。仅在研究组的胎盘中发现滋养细胞坏死。在 COVID-19 研究组中，CD68+ 的表达升高，表明巨噬细胞在炎症浸润中占了很大一部分。淋巴细胞 B 标记的增加与胎盘梗塞有关，而细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞特异性 CD3+ 的高水平与血管损伤有关。结论SARS-CoV-2 与胎盘的病理变化有关，包括滋养层坏死、钙化和绒毛成熟加速。这些变化似乎是由 T 细胞和巨噬细胞驱动的，其表达的增加反映了胎盘中正在发生的组织细胞间质炎。
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Delivery Causes Histopathological Changes in the Placenta","authors":"Jędrzej Borowczak, Agnieszka Gąsiorek-Kwiatkowska, Krzysztof Szczerbowski, Mateusz Maniewski, Marek Zdrenka, Marta Szadurska-Noga, Karol Gostomczyk, Paula Rutkiewicz, Katarzyna Olejnik, Wojciech Cnota, Magdalena Karpów-Greiner, Wojciech Knypiński, Marta I Sekielska-Domanowska, Grzegorz Ludwikowski, Mariusz Dubiel, Łukasz Szylberg, Magdalena Bodnar","doi":"10.3390/diseases12070142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12070142","url":null,"abstract":"Background: SARS-CoV-2 can damage human placentas, leading to pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia and premature birth. This study investigates the histopathological changes found in COVID-19-affected placentas. Materials and Methods: This study included 23 placentas from patients with active COVID-19 during delivery and 22 samples from patients without COVID-19 infection in their medical history. The samples underwent histopathological examination for pathology, such as trophoblast necrosis, signs of vessel damage, or fetal vascular malperfusion. Results: Newborns from the research group have lower weights and Apgar scores than healthy newborns. In the COVID-19 group, calcifications and collapsed intervillous space were more frequent, and inflammation was more severe than in the healthy group. At the same time, the placenta of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients showed signs of accelerated vascular maturation. Trophoblast necrosis was found only in the placentas of the research group. The expression of CD68+ was elevated in the COVID-19 cohort, suggesting that macrophages constituted a significant part of the inflammatory infiltrate. The increase in lymphocyte B markers was associated with placental infarctions, while high levels of CD3+, specific for cytotoxic T lymphocytes, correlated with vascular injury. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 is associated with pathological changes in the placenta, including trophoblast necrosis, calcification, and accelerated villous maturation. Those changes appear to be driven by T cells and macrophages, whose increased expression reflects ongoing histiocytic intervillositis in the placenta.","PeriodicalId":11200,"journal":{"name":"Diseases","volume":"28 50","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141684658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.3390/diseases12070140
M. Gontarz, Krystyna Gałązka, Krzysztof Gąsiorowski, Jakub Bargiel, T. Marecik, Paweł Szczurowski, G. Wyszyńska-Pawelec
Warthin tumors (WTs) are the second most common salivary gland tumors, most commonly found in the tail of the parotid gland. The lymphoid components of a WT may also serve as a site for tumor-to-tumor metastasis. This report describes the metastasis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) from the preauricular region to a parotid WT. A 68-year-old male patient was admitted to the Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery of the Jagiellonian University in Cracow, Poland, with a two-year history of a growing, painless skin tumor of the right preauricular region. The patient was eligible for surgical treatment with elective neck dissection at the Va, III, II, I levels with parotidectomy and the excision of the cSCC. In the histopathological examination of the components of the surgical specimen beside the primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), a parotid WT was found; in the majority, it was occupied and destroyed by the metastatic cSCC and radically removed. After a tumor board consultation, due to the advanced stage (pT3N2b LVI2 PNI0 R0), with three intraparotid lymph node metastases and LVI2, the patient was authorized for postoperative radiotherapy. In conclusion, tumor-to-tumor metastasis is an extremely rare entity. Surgery is the standard of care for both WTs and head and neck cSCC. In most cases, metastasis into the parotid gland can be successfully treated with superficial parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation. Dissemination into the parotid gland requires elective neck dissection, as well as adjuvant treatment.
{"title":"Tumor-to-Tumor Metastasis: Dissemination of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Involving Parotid Warthin Tumor—Case Report","authors":"M. Gontarz, Krystyna Gałązka, Krzysztof Gąsiorowski, Jakub Bargiel, T. Marecik, Paweł Szczurowski, G. Wyszyńska-Pawelec","doi":"10.3390/diseases12070140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12070140","url":null,"abstract":"Warthin tumors (WTs) are the second most common salivary gland tumors, most commonly found in the tail of the parotid gland. The lymphoid components of a WT may also serve as a site for tumor-to-tumor metastasis. This report describes the metastasis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) from the preauricular region to a parotid WT. A 68-year-old male patient was admitted to the Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery of the Jagiellonian University in Cracow, Poland, with a two-year history of a growing, painless skin tumor of the right preauricular region. The patient was eligible for surgical treatment with elective neck dissection at the Va, III, II, I levels with parotidectomy and the excision of the cSCC. In the histopathological examination of the components of the surgical specimen beside the primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), a parotid WT was found; in the majority, it was occupied and destroyed by the metastatic cSCC and radically removed. After a tumor board consultation, due to the advanced stage (pT3N2b LVI2 PNI0 R0), with three intraparotid lymph node metastases and LVI2, the patient was authorized for postoperative radiotherapy. In conclusion, tumor-to-tumor metastasis is an extremely rare entity. Surgery is the standard of care for both WTs and head and neck cSCC. In most cases, metastasis into the parotid gland can be successfully treated with superficial parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation. Dissemination into the parotid gland requires elective neck dissection, as well as adjuvant treatment.","PeriodicalId":11200,"journal":{"name":"Diseases","volume":"1981 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141707397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.3390/diseases12070141
M. Carriero, Antonio Leo, A. Lezzi, R. Lupo, L. Conte, A. Fanizzi, R. Massafra, E. Vitale, Antonio Carriero
Background: The suffering associated with a cancer diagnosis can find different channels to express itself: sleep disorders, psychiatric disorders, sexuality. These are not always analyzed by health professionals, but they have an impact on the patient’s quality of life and on the outcome of the disease. Methods: An observational study was conducted in order to investigate attitudes, knowledge and clinical practice towards psychological symptoms in cancer patients. Results: A total of 132 clinicians from all Italian regions responded. In total, 99.2% (n = 131) considered the figure of the psychologist useful in the oncology field and recommended him/her in clinical practice (n = 115; 87.7%), especially in the terminal phase of the illness (58.6%; n = 99). Despite the importance given to the figure of the psychologist, psychiatric disorders are not diagnosed. Only 20.0% (n = 26) identified depressive disorder as accurate and only 33.9% (n = 43) identified demoralization syndrome as accurate. Conclusions: Results prove the need for training on psychological disorders in oncology and the emotional repercussions of cancer illness.
{"title":"Attitudes, Knowledge and Clinical Practice of Health Professionals towards Psychological Disorders in Cancer Patients: An Observational Study","authors":"M. Carriero, Antonio Leo, A. Lezzi, R. Lupo, L. Conte, A. Fanizzi, R. Massafra, E. Vitale, Antonio Carriero","doi":"10.3390/diseases12070141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12070141","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The suffering associated with a cancer diagnosis can find different channels to express itself: sleep disorders, psychiatric disorders, sexuality. These are not always analyzed by health professionals, but they have an impact on the patient’s quality of life and on the outcome of the disease. Methods: An observational study was conducted in order to investigate attitudes, knowledge and clinical practice towards psychological symptoms in cancer patients. Results: A total of 132 clinicians from all Italian regions responded. In total, 99.2% (n = 131) considered the figure of the psychologist useful in the oncology field and recommended him/her in clinical practice (n = 115; 87.7%), especially in the terminal phase of the illness (58.6%; n = 99). Despite the importance given to the figure of the psychologist, psychiatric disorders are not diagnosed. Only 20.0% (n = 26) identified depressive disorder as accurate and only 33.9% (n = 43) identified demoralization syndrome as accurate. Conclusions: Results prove the need for training on psychological disorders in oncology and the emotional repercussions of cancer illness.","PeriodicalId":11200,"journal":{"name":"Diseases","volume":"246 2‐3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141692404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-09DOI: 10.3390/diseases12060126
D. Dealberti, David Bosoni, Federica Spissu, Carla Pisani, Corinna Pizio, Luigi Nappi, F. Sorrentino, S. Carlucci, G. Stabile
Mucosal malignant melanoma has a low incidence and only 2% are diagnosed in the gynecological tract. Diagnosis of primary cervical malignant melanoma is often challenging. The clinical presentation mimics other malignant cervical tumors, usually with abnormal bleeding or discharge. Cervical screening tests, such as cytology, often fail to detect malignant melanomas because of the rarity of the disorder, and histological evaluation of lesions is of paramount importance. The treatment is often based on regimens used for cutaneous malignant melanoma. We present the first case in the literature of primary malignant melanoma of the endocervix diagnosed by outpatient hysteroscopy and we have performed a narrative review of the literature on PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science from 1980 to December 2023, identifying 137 cases. The most common initial symptom was vaginal bleeding in 82.8% of cases, and 84.8% of patients were menopausal at the time of diagnosis. The first diagnostic modality was biopsy in 67.7%; 90% of patients underwent surgery and 64.5% of the deaths occurred within the first 12 months after diagnosis. Primary malignant melanoma of the cervix is extremely rare and difficult to diagnose at an early stage which is due to the aggressiveness of the disease and the non-specificity of the symptoms. To improve survival, early diagnosis is essential and hysteroscopy could be a useful tool in achieving it. It is crucial to increase the attention of gynecologists on primary malignant melanoma of the cervix to also perform a diagnostic hysteroscopy in case of doubtful symptoms.
粘膜恶性黑色素瘤的发病率很低，只有 2% 的患者被确诊为妇科恶性黑色素瘤。原发性宫颈恶性黑色素瘤的诊断往往具有挑战性。临床表现与其他恶性宫颈肿瘤相似，通常伴有异常出血或分泌物。由于恶性黑色素瘤的罕见性，细胞学等宫颈筛查检查往往无法检测出恶性黑色素瘤，因此对病灶进行组织学评估至关重要。治疗通常以皮肤恶性黑色素瘤的治疗方案为基础。我们对1980年至2023年12月PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science上的文献进行了叙事性回顾，共发现137个病例。82.8%的病例最常见的初始症状是阴道出血，84.8%的患者在确诊时已绝经。67.7%的患者的第一诊断方式是活组织检查；90%的患者接受了手术，64.5%的患者在确诊后的头12个月内死亡。宫颈原发性恶性黑色素瘤极为罕见，而且很难在早期诊断，这是因为该病具有侵袭性，症状也没有特异性。为了提高存活率，早期诊断至关重要，而宫腔镜检查则是实现这一目标的有效工具。关键是要提高妇科医生对宫颈原发性恶性黑色素瘤的重视，在出现可疑症状时也要进行诊断性宫腔镜检查。
{"title":"Primary Malignant Melanoma of The Endocervix Uteri and Outpatient Hysteroscopy as a Diagnostic Tool: Case Report and Literature Overview","authors":"D. Dealberti, David Bosoni, Federica Spissu, Carla Pisani, Corinna Pizio, Luigi Nappi, F. Sorrentino, S. Carlucci, G. Stabile","doi":"10.3390/diseases12060126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12060126","url":null,"abstract":"Mucosal malignant melanoma has a low incidence and only 2% are diagnosed in the gynecological tract. Diagnosis of primary cervical malignant melanoma is often challenging. The clinical presentation mimics other malignant cervical tumors, usually with abnormal bleeding or discharge. Cervical screening tests, such as cytology, often fail to detect malignant melanomas because of the rarity of the disorder, and histological evaluation of lesions is of paramount importance. The treatment is often based on regimens used for cutaneous malignant melanoma. We present the first case in the literature of primary malignant melanoma of the endocervix diagnosed by outpatient hysteroscopy and we have performed a narrative review of the literature on PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science from 1980 to December 2023, identifying 137 cases. The most common initial symptom was vaginal bleeding in 82.8% of cases, and 84.8% of patients were menopausal at the time of diagnosis. The first diagnostic modality was biopsy in 67.7%; 90% of patients underwent surgery and 64.5% of the deaths occurred within the first 12 months after diagnosis. Primary malignant melanoma of the cervix is extremely rare and difficult to diagnose at an early stage which is due to the aggressiveness of the disease and the non-specificity of the symptoms. To improve survival, early diagnosis is essential and hysteroscopy could be a useful tool in achieving it. It is crucial to increase the attention of gynecologists on primary malignant melanoma of the cervix to also perform a diagnostic hysteroscopy in case of doubtful symptoms.","PeriodicalId":11200,"journal":{"name":"Diseases","volume":" 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141367356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-08DOI: 10.3390/diseases12060125
Sanja Jelača, Ivan Jovanović, Dijana Bovan, Sladjana Pavlović, N. Gajović, Duško Dunđerović, Z. Dajić-Stevanović, Aleksandar Acović, S. Mijatović, D. Maksimović‐Ivanić
Due to the rich ethnobotanical and growing evidence-based medicine records, the Alchemillae herba, i.e., the upper parts of the Lady’s mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris L.), was used for the assessment of antimelanoma activity. The ethanolic extract of A. vulgaris strongly suppressed the viability of B16F1, B16F10, 518A2, and Fem-X cell lines. In contrast to the in vitro study, where the B16F1 cells were more sensitive to the treatment than the more aggressive counterpart B16F10, the results obtained in vivo using the corresponding syngeneic murine model were quite the opposite. The higher sensitivity of B16F10 tumors in vivo may be attributed to a more complex response to the extract compared to one triggered in vitro. In addition, the strong immunosuppressive microenvironment in the B16F1 model is impaired by the treatment, as evidenced by enhanced antigen-presenting potential of dendritic cells, influx and activity of CD4+ T and CD8+ T lymphocytes, decreased presence of T regulatory lymphocytes, and attenuation of anti-inflammatory cytokine production. All these effects are supported by the absence of systemic toxicity. A. vulgaris extract treatment results in a sustained and enhanced ability to reduce melanoma growth, followed by the restoration of innate and adopted antitumor immunity without affecting the overall physiology of the host.
{"title":"Antimelanoma Effects of Alchemilla vulgaris: A Comprehensive In Vitro and In Vivo Study","authors":"Sanja Jelača, Ivan Jovanović, Dijana Bovan, Sladjana Pavlović, N. Gajović, Duško Dunđerović, Z. Dajić-Stevanović, Aleksandar Acović, S. Mijatović, D. Maksimović‐Ivanić","doi":"10.3390/diseases12060125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12060125","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the rich ethnobotanical and growing evidence-based medicine records, the Alchemillae herba, i.e., the upper parts of the Lady’s mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris L.), was used for the assessment of antimelanoma activity. The ethanolic extract of A. vulgaris strongly suppressed the viability of B16F1, B16F10, 518A2, and Fem-X cell lines. In contrast to the in vitro study, where the B16F1 cells were more sensitive to the treatment than the more aggressive counterpart B16F10, the results obtained in vivo using the corresponding syngeneic murine model were quite the opposite. The higher sensitivity of B16F10 tumors in vivo may be attributed to a more complex response to the extract compared to one triggered in vitro. In addition, the strong immunosuppressive microenvironment in the B16F1 model is impaired by the treatment, as evidenced by enhanced antigen-presenting potential of dendritic cells, influx and activity of CD4+ T and CD8+ T lymphocytes, decreased presence of T regulatory lymphocytes, and attenuation of anti-inflammatory cytokine production. All these effects are supported by the absence of systemic toxicity. A. vulgaris extract treatment results in a sustained and enhanced ability to reduce melanoma growth, followed by the restoration of innate and adopted antitumor immunity without affecting the overall physiology of the host.","PeriodicalId":11200,"journal":{"name":"Diseases","volume":" 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141368289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.3390/diseases12060124
Ilona Emoke Sukosd, S. T. Gadde, Myneni Pravallika, S. Pescariu, Mihaela Prodan, Ana-Olivia Toma, Roxana Manuela Fericean, Ingrid Hrubaru, Oana Silvana Sarău, O. Fira-Mladinescu
Chronic heart failure (CHF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently coexist, significantly impacting health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study evaluated HRQoL in patients with CHF, COPD, or both, three months post-COVID-19 discharge using EQ-5D and KCCQ questionnaires to guide targeted healthcare interventions. We conducted a cross-sectional study at “Victor Babes” Hospital in Timisoara, enrolling 180 patients who had recovered from COVID-19 (60 in each group including CHF, COPD, and both conditions). HRQoL was assessed via EQ-5D and KCCQ. Significant disparities in HRQoL measures were noted across the groups. Patients with both CHF and COPD reported the worst outcomes, especially in terms of hospital stay lengths due to COVID-19 (11.63 days) and initial oxygen saturation levels (88.7%). HRQoL improvements from discharge to three months post-discharge were significant, with EQ-5D mobility scores improving notably across all groups (CHF and COPD: 2.87 to 2.34, p = 0.010). KCCQ results reflected substantial enhancements in physical limitation (CHF and COPD: 38.94 to 58.54, p = 0.001) and quality of life scores (CHF and COPD: 41.38 to 61.92, p = 0.0031). Regression analysis revealed that dual diagnosis (CHF and COPD) significantly impacted usual activities and quality of life (β = −0.252, p = 0.048; β = −0.448, p = 0.017), whereas the initial severity of COVID-19 was a significant predictor of worse HRQoL outcomes (β = −0.298, p = 0.037; β = −0.342, p = 0.024). The presence of both CHF and COPD in patients recovering from COVID-19 was associated with more severe HRQoL impairment compared with either condition alone. These findings emphasize the need for specialized, comprehensive post-COVID-19 recovery programs that address the complex interplay among chronic conditions to optimize patient outcomes and enhance quality of life.
{"title":"Evaluating the Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with COPD and Chronic Heart Failure Post-Hospitalization after COVID-19 Using the EQ-5D and KCCQ Questionnaires","authors":"Ilona Emoke Sukosd, S. T. Gadde, Myneni Pravallika, S. Pescariu, Mihaela Prodan, Ana-Olivia Toma, Roxana Manuela Fericean, Ingrid Hrubaru, Oana Silvana Sarău, O. Fira-Mladinescu","doi":"10.3390/diseases12060124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12060124","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic heart failure (CHF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently coexist, significantly impacting health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study evaluated HRQoL in patients with CHF, COPD, or both, three months post-COVID-19 discharge using EQ-5D and KCCQ questionnaires to guide targeted healthcare interventions. We conducted a cross-sectional study at “Victor Babes” Hospital in Timisoara, enrolling 180 patients who had recovered from COVID-19 (60 in each group including CHF, COPD, and both conditions). HRQoL was assessed via EQ-5D and KCCQ. Significant disparities in HRQoL measures were noted across the groups. Patients with both CHF and COPD reported the worst outcomes, especially in terms of hospital stay lengths due to COVID-19 (11.63 days) and initial oxygen saturation levels (88.7%). HRQoL improvements from discharge to three months post-discharge were significant, with EQ-5D mobility scores improving notably across all groups (CHF and COPD: 2.87 to 2.34, p = 0.010). KCCQ results reflected substantial enhancements in physical limitation (CHF and COPD: 38.94 to 58.54, p = 0.001) and quality of life scores (CHF and COPD: 41.38 to 61.92, p = 0.0031). Regression analysis revealed that dual diagnosis (CHF and COPD) significantly impacted usual activities and quality of life (β = −0.252, p = 0.048; β = −0.448, p = 0.017), whereas the initial severity of COVID-19 was a significant predictor of worse HRQoL outcomes (β = −0.298, p = 0.037; β = −0.342, p = 0.024). The presence of both CHF and COPD in patients recovering from COVID-19 was associated with more severe HRQoL impairment compared with either condition alone. These findings emphasize the need for specialized, comprehensive post-COVID-19 recovery programs that address the complex interplay among chronic conditions to optimize patient outcomes and enhance quality of life.","PeriodicalId":11200,"journal":{"name":"Diseases","volume":"18 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-05DOI: 10.3390/diseases12060123
Víctor Vera-Delgado, Dácil García-Rosado, Onán Pérez-Hernández, E. Martín-Ponce, Alejandro Mario de La Paz-Estrello, Cristina García-Marichal, Sergio Pérez-Fernández, Valle Rodríguez-Morón, R. Alemán-Valls, Emilio González-Reimers, C. Martín-González
Background: The long-term survival of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and the factors associated with poorer survival months after infection are not well understood. The aims of the present study were to analyze the overall mortality 10 months after admission. Methods: 762 patients with COVID-19 disease were included. Patients underwent a complete clinical evaluation, routine laboratory analysis and chest X-ray. Data collected included demographic and clinical data, such as vascular risk factors, tobacco or alcohol use, comorbidity, and institutionalization. Results: Ten-month mortality was 25.6%: 108 deaths occurred in-hospital, while 87 patients died after discharge. In-hospital mortality was independently related to NT-proBNP values > 503.5 pg/mL [OR = 4.67 (2.38–9.20)], urea > 37 mg/dL [3.21 (1.86–7.31)] and age older than 71 years [OR = 1.93 (1.05–3.54)]. NT-proBNP values > 503.5 pg/mL [OR = 5.00 (3.06–8.19)], urea > 37 mg/dL [3.51 (1.97–6.27)], cognitive impairment [OR = 1.96 (1.30–2.95), cancer [OR = 2.23 (1.36–3.68), and leukocytes > 6330/mm3 [OR = 1.64 (1.08–2.50)], were independently associated with long-term mortality. Conclusions: the risk of death remains high even months after COVID-19 infection. Overall mortality of COVID-19 patients during 10 months after hospital discharge is nearly as high as that observed during hospital admission. Comorbidities such as cancer or cognitive impairment, organ dysfunction and inflammatory reaction are independent prognostic markers of long-term mortality.
{"title":"Mortality and COVID Infection: Predictors of Mortality 10 Months after Discharge","authors":"Víctor Vera-Delgado, Dácil García-Rosado, Onán Pérez-Hernández, E. Martín-Ponce, Alejandro Mario de La Paz-Estrello, Cristina García-Marichal, Sergio Pérez-Fernández, Valle Rodríguez-Morón, R. Alemán-Valls, Emilio González-Reimers, C. Martín-González","doi":"10.3390/diseases12060123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12060123","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The long-term survival of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and the factors associated with poorer survival months after infection are not well understood. The aims of the present study were to analyze the overall mortality 10 months after admission. Methods: 762 patients with COVID-19 disease were included. Patients underwent a complete clinical evaluation, routine laboratory analysis and chest X-ray. Data collected included demographic and clinical data, such as vascular risk factors, tobacco or alcohol use, comorbidity, and institutionalization. Results: Ten-month mortality was 25.6%: 108 deaths occurred in-hospital, while 87 patients died after discharge. In-hospital mortality was independently related to NT-proBNP values > 503.5 pg/mL [OR = 4.67 (2.38–9.20)], urea > 37 mg/dL [3.21 (1.86–7.31)] and age older than 71 years [OR = 1.93 (1.05–3.54)]. NT-proBNP values > 503.5 pg/mL [OR = 5.00 (3.06–8.19)], urea > 37 mg/dL [3.51 (1.97–6.27)], cognitive impairment [OR = 1.96 (1.30–2.95), cancer [OR = 2.23 (1.36–3.68), and leukocytes > 6330/mm3 [OR = 1.64 (1.08–2.50)], were independently associated with long-term mortality. Conclusions: the risk of death remains high even months after COVID-19 infection. Overall mortality of COVID-19 patients during 10 months after hospital discharge is nearly as high as that observed during hospital admission. Comorbidities such as cancer or cognitive impairment, organ dysfunction and inflammatory reaction are independent prognostic markers of long-term mortality.","PeriodicalId":11200,"journal":{"name":"Diseases","volume":"52 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141384168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.3390/diseases12060122
Naotaka Kumada, K. Iinuma, Yasuaki Kubota, Kimiaki Takagi, Masahiro Nakano, T. Ishida, S. Yokoi, Fumiya Sugino, Makoto Kawase, S. Takeuchi, Kota Kawase, Daiki Kato, Manabu Takai, Y. Tobisawa, Takayasu Ito, K. Nakane, Takuya Koie
In this study, we aimed to determine the utility of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) in real-world clinical practice and investigate whether CN contributes to improved oncological outcomes in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). This retrospective multicenter cohort study enrolled patients with mRCC who received systemic therapy at six institutions between May 2005 and May 2023. The patients were divided into those who did not undergo CN (Group I) and those who underwent CN (Group II). The primary endpoints were oncological outcomes, including cancer-specific survival (CSS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Altogether, 137 patients with mRCC were included in this study. The median CSS was 14 months in Group I and 32 months in Group II (p < 0.001). Additionally, the median PFS in Groups I and II was 5 and 13 months, respectively (p = 0.006). A multivariate analysis showed that CN was an independent prognostic factor for CSS and PFS. Hence, CN is a potential treatment modality that can improve oncological outcomes in patients with mRCC.
{"title":"Impact of Cytoreductive Nephrectomy in the Management of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Study","authors":"Naotaka Kumada, K. Iinuma, Yasuaki Kubota, Kimiaki Takagi, Masahiro Nakano, T. Ishida, S. Yokoi, Fumiya Sugino, Makoto Kawase, S. Takeuchi, Kota Kawase, Daiki Kato, Manabu Takai, Y. Tobisawa, Takayasu Ito, K. Nakane, Takuya Koie","doi":"10.3390/diseases12060122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12060122","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we aimed to determine the utility of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) in real-world clinical practice and investigate whether CN contributes to improved oncological outcomes in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). This retrospective multicenter cohort study enrolled patients with mRCC who received systemic therapy at six institutions between May 2005 and May 2023. The patients were divided into those who did not undergo CN (Group I) and those who underwent CN (Group II). The primary endpoints were oncological outcomes, including cancer-specific survival (CSS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Altogether, 137 patients with mRCC were included in this study. The median CSS was 14 months in Group I and 32 months in Group II (p < 0.001). Additionally, the median PFS in Groups I and II was 5 and 13 months, respectively (p = 0.006). A multivariate analysis showed that CN was an independent prognostic factor for CSS and PFS. Hence, CN is a potential treatment modality that can improve oncological outcomes in patients with mRCC.","PeriodicalId":11200,"journal":{"name":"Diseases","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141387687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.3390/diseases12060121
Eleni Nazou, Anastasios Potiris, D. Mavrogianni, E. Drakaki, Aris-Anargyros Vogiatzis, Vaia Sarli, Tereza Vrantza, A. Zikopoulos, Konstantinos Louis, Chara Skentou, Periklis Panagopoulos, Peter Drakakis, S. Stavros
Cellular metabolism, apoptosis, fertilization, and proliferation of granulosa cells belong to a battery of processes where microRNAs can be detected and associated with infertility. The aim of the present review is to focus on mammalian oocyte maturation events and the association between oocyte growth and miRNA expression. PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar and Scopus databases were searched, and 33 studies were included. Regarding the correlation among miRNA expression and the regulation of granulosa cells and cumulus cells, the most important miRNAs were let-7b, let-7c and miR-21. Additionally, the loss of Dicer, an enzyme involved in miRNA biogenesis, is probably a crucial factor in oogenesis, oocyte maturation and embryogenesis. Furthermore, miRNAs interfere with different cellular mechanisms like apoptosis, steroidogenesis, genome integrity, angiogenesis, antioxidative response and, consequently, oocyte maturation. Hence, it is of major importance to clarify the role and mechanism of each miRNA as understanding its action may develop new tools and establish new diagnostic and treatment approaches for infertility and ovarian disorders.
{"title":"Oocyte Maturation and miRNAs: Studying a Complicate Interaction to Reveal Possible Biomarkers for Female Infertility","authors":"Eleni Nazou, Anastasios Potiris, D. Mavrogianni, E. Drakaki, Aris-Anargyros Vogiatzis, Vaia Sarli, Tereza Vrantza, A. Zikopoulos, Konstantinos Louis, Chara Skentou, Periklis Panagopoulos, Peter Drakakis, S. Stavros","doi":"10.3390/diseases12060121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12060121","url":null,"abstract":"Cellular metabolism, apoptosis, fertilization, and proliferation of granulosa cells belong to a battery of processes where microRNAs can be detected and associated with infertility. The aim of the present review is to focus on mammalian oocyte maturation events and the association between oocyte growth and miRNA expression. PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar and Scopus databases were searched, and 33 studies were included. Regarding the correlation among miRNA expression and the regulation of granulosa cells and cumulus cells, the most important miRNAs were let-7b, let-7c and miR-21. Additionally, the loss of Dicer, an enzyme involved in miRNA biogenesis, is probably a crucial factor in oogenesis, oocyte maturation and embryogenesis. Furthermore, miRNAs interfere with different cellular mechanisms like apoptosis, steroidogenesis, genome integrity, angiogenesis, antioxidative response and, consequently, oocyte maturation. Hence, it is of major importance to clarify the role and mechanism of each miRNA as understanding its action may develop new tools and establish new diagnostic and treatment approaches for infertility and ovarian disorders.","PeriodicalId":11200,"journal":{"name":"Diseases","volume":"6 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141388035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：