Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0960336020978741
Omar Vergara-Díaz, S. Kefauver, J. Araus, Í. Aranjuelo
The expansion of world population requires the development of new strategies and tools for agriculture. Extensive breeding and agronomic efforts over the past 50 years have been responsible for tripling cereal yields, while advances in grain quality have been less evident. Continuing advances in the techniques available to breeders offer the potential to increase the rate of genetic improvement aiming to develop resilient crop and better (more resource use efficient) varieties. Plant breeders want to be able to phenotype large numbers of lines rapidly and accurately identify the best progeny. For this purpose, different methodological approaches have been proposed to evaluate these traits in the field: (1) proximal (remote) sensing and imaging, (2) laboratory analyses of samples, and (3) lab-based near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy analysis in the harvestable part of the crop. However, near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy-based field evaluation of yield and grain quality is currently a real option. Thus the development of new technological approaches, such as the use of hyperspectral imaging sensors or near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy under field conditions may be critical as a phenotypic approach for efficient breeding as well as in field management of crops. This article reports the description of the CropYQualT-CEC project funded by the H2020-MSCA-RISE program. This project pursues the main objective of generating a common solid knowledge basis within the context of precision agriculture and digital farming. Further, within the project context, the article also provides a case study in which prediction models for total grain protein content, based on the reflectance spectrum of wheat canopies, are presented. Measurements were performed at around anthesis, using a full range near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy field spectrometer. Several models explaining >60% of grain protein variance in field trials illustrate the predictive capacity and robustness of this methodology for inferring grain quality traits well in advance of harvest.
{"title":"Development of novel technological approaches for a reliable crop characterization under changing environmental conditions","authors":"Omar Vergara-Díaz, S. Kefauver, J. Araus, Í. Aranjuelo","doi":"10.1177/0960336020978741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0960336020978741","url":null,"abstract":"The expansion of world population requires the development of new strategies and tools for agriculture. Extensive breeding and agronomic efforts over the past 50 years have been responsible for tripling cereal yields, while advances in grain quality have been less evident. Continuing advances in the techniques available to breeders offer the potential to increase the rate of genetic improvement aiming to develop resilient crop and better (more resource use efficient) varieties. Plant breeders want to be able to phenotype large numbers of lines rapidly and accurately identify the best progeny. For this purpose, different methodological approaches have been proposed to evaluate these traits in the field: (1) proximal (remote) sensing and imaging, (2) laboratory analyses of samples, and (3) lab-based near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy analysis in the harvestable part of the crop. However, near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy-based field evaluation of yield and grain quality is currently a real option. Thus the development of new technological approaches, such as the use of hyperspectral imaging sensors or near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy under field conditions may be critical as a phenotypic approach for efficient breeding as well as in field management of crops. This article reports the description of the CropYQualT-CEC project funded by the H2020-MSCA-RISE program. This project pursues the main objective of generating a common solid knowledge basis within the context of precision agriculture and digital farming. Further, within the project context, the article also provides a case study in which prediction models for total grain protein content, based on the reflectance spectrum of wheat canopies, are presented. Measurements were performed at around anthesis, using a full range near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy field spectrometer. Several models explaining >60% of grain protein variance in field trials illustrate the predictive capacity and robustness of this methodology for inferring grain quality traits well in advance of harvest.","PeriodicalId":113081,"journal":{"name":"NIR News","volume":"435 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122927488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0960336020980314
F. Marini
The recent paper describing the people and the activity of the analytical chemistry and chemometrics group of the University of Genova was meant to inaugurate a series of articles presenting to the readers of NIR News the research groups active in Italy in the field of NIR spectroscopy. In this context, I was asked to contribute with a brief overview of the research lines and the main activities of the group I am currently leading. The research activity of the group focuses on one hand on all aspects of chemometric modelling, for the development of new algorithms to the application of novel and/or existing approaches to various real-world problems; on the other hand, from an experimental standpoint, many efforts are put into the design and build-up of innovative analytical approaches, based on different kinds of spectroscopy (with particular emphasis on the infrared range). Together with this “core” activity, collaborations with other national and international research groups help extending the range of research fields the group is involved in to include, e.g., multi-spectral and hyper-spectral imaging, applications to cultural heritage, biomedical research, forensic science, or sensors, just to cite a few. Such established research collaborations involve the Universities of L’Aquila, of Modena and Reggio Emilia, of Torino, of Milano, of Foggia and of Salerno, the Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), the National Research Council (CNR) and the Ra.C.I.S. (Italian authority for scientific investigation) in Italy and, among others, the University of Stellenbosch (where I am also Extraordinary Professor), the University College Dublin, the University of Lille, the University of Copenhagen, the University of Silesia, the University of Basque Country and INRAE (Montpellier), at an international level. From an instrumental point of view, as far as NIR is concerned, the group relies on a Nicolet 6700 FT-NIR (Thermo Scientific Inc., Madison, WI) operating in the 4000 and 10,000 cm 1 range, which can acquire signals both in transmission and in reflection, the latter through the use of the equipped integrating sphere. Beside NIR spectral range, the Lab also owns a Perkin Elmer IF320 ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer (PerkinElmer, San Jos e, CA), and a PerkinElmer 1600 Series FT-IR spectrometer (PerkinElmer, San Jos e, CA), which can operate both in transmission and in reflection by means of a ZnSe ATR cell. As anticipated above, the main research lines of the group involve the development of spectroscopy-based analytical approaches and chemometrics, in different fields of application. For sure, food quality and its verification has been for many years one of those fields, with the group contributing to the development of rapid and non-destructive approaches for the characterization of different samples. In particular, recent studies have focused on the possibility of authenticating high value-added products, in most cases wi
最近的一篇论文描述了热那亚大学分析化学和化学计量学小组的人员和活动，旨在向近红外新闻的读者介绍活跃在意大利近红外光谱领域的研究小组的一系列文章。在此背景下，我被要求对我目前领导的研究方向和小组的主要活动进行简要概述。该小组的研究活动一方面集中在化学计量学建模的各个方面，以开发新的算法，将新的和/或现有的方法应用于各种现实世界的问题;另一方面，从实验的角度来看，基于不同种类的光谱学(特别强调红外范围)，许多努力都投入到设计和建立创新的分析方法上。与这一“核心”活动一起，与其他国家和国际研究小组的合作有助于扩大该小组所参与的研究领域的范围，例如，多光谱和超光谱成像、文化遗产应用、生物医学研究、法医科学或传感器，仅举几例。这些已建立的研究合作关系包括拉奎拉大学、摩德纳大学和雷吉欧·艾米利亚大学、都灵大学、米兰大学、福贾大学和萨莱诺大学、农业研究和经济委员会、国家研究委员会和法国科学院。(意大利科学调查权威机构)，其中包括斯泰伦博斯大学(我也是该大学的特级教授)、都柏林大学学院、里尔大学、哥本哈根大学、西里西亚大学、巴斯克大学和蒙彼利埃INRAE(蒙彼利埃)。从仪器的角度来看，就近红外而言，该小组依靠Nicolet 6700 ft -近红外(Thermo Scientific Inc.， Madison, WI - fi)在4000和10,000 cm 1范围内工作，可以获取传输和反射信号，后者通过使用配备的积分球。除了近红外光谱范围外，实验室还拥有PerkinElmer IF320紫外-可见(UV-Vis)分光光度计(PerkinElmer, San jose, CA)和PerkinElmer 1600系列FT-IR光谱仪(PerkinElmer, San jose, CA)，可以通过ZnSe ATR电池在透射和反射中工作。如上所述，该小组的主要研究方向涉及基于光谱的分析方法和化学计量学的发展，在不同的应用领域。当然，食品质量及其验证多年来一直是这些领域之一，该小组致力于开发快速和非破坏性的方法来表征不同样品。特别是，最近的研究集中在鉴定高附加值产品的可能性，在大多数情况下具有受保护的原产地名称，通过将近红外光谱和化学计量分类策略结合起来。这类产品包括核桃、杏仁、榛子、大吉岭红茶、蜂蜜或意大利面，这只是其中的一些例子。在食品科学领域，使用先进的化学计量学策略的可能性，例如anova -同步成分分析，可以将不同控制因素对各种过程的光谱特征的影响分开，例如咖啡烘焙，牛奶凝结(与米兰大学合作)，冷却损害(与福贾大学合作)或奶酪储存(与里尔大学合作)。走出食品领域，通过利用固态的概念，如果结晶是由特定的相图调节的，那么外消旋混合物相对于单个对映体可能具有不同的光谱，使用红外光谱作为实验确定固态药物配方对映体过量的一种方法的可能性也已被研究。
{"title":"Analytical chemistry and chemometrics group, Department of Chemistry – University of Rome “La Sapienza”","authors":"F. Marini","doi":"10.1177/0960336020980314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0960336020980314","url":null,"abstract":"The recent paper describing the people and the activity of the analytical chemistry and chemometrics group of the University of Genova was meant to inaugurate a series of articles presenting to the readers of NIR News the research groups active in Italy in the field of NIR spectroscopy. In this context, I was asked to contribute with a brief overview of the research lines and the main activities of the group I am currently leading. The research activity of the group focuses on one hand on all aspects of chemometric modelling, for the development of new algorithms to the application of novel and/or existing approaches to various real-world problems; on the other hand, from an experimental standpoint, many efforts are put into the design and build-up of innovative analytical approaches, based on different kinds of spectroscopy (with particular emphasis on the infrared range). Together with this “core” activity, collaborations with other national and international research groups help extending the range of research fields the group is involved in to include, e.g., multi-spectral and hyper-spectral imaging, applications to cultural heritage, biomedical research, forensic science, or sensors, just to cite a few. Such established research collaborations involve the Universities of L’Aquila, of Modena and Reggio Emilia, of Torino, of Milano, of Foggia and of Salerno, the Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), the National Research Council (CNR) and the Ra.C.I.S. (Italian authority for scientific investigation) in Italy and, among others, the University of Stellenbosch (where I am also Extraordinary Professor), the University College Dublin, the University of Lille, the University of Copenhagen, the University of Silesia, the University of Basque Country and INRAE (Montpellier), at an international level. From an instrumental point of view, as far as NIR is concerned, the group relies on a Nicolet 6700 FT-NIR (Thermo Scientific Inc., Madison, WI) operating in the 4000 and 10,000 cm 1 range, which can acquire signals both in transmission and in reflection, the latter through the use of the equipped integrating sphere. Beside NIR spectral range, the Lab also owns a Perkin Elmer IF320 ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer (PerkinElmer, San Jos e, CA), and a PerkinElmer 1600 Series FT-IR spectrometer (PerkinElmer, San Jos e, CA), which can operate both in transmission and in reflection by means of a ZnSe ATR cell. As anticipated above, the main research lines of the group involve the development of spectroscopy-based analytical approaches and chemometrics, in different fields of application. For sure, food quality and its verification has been for many years one of those fields, with the group contributing to the development of rapid and non-destructive approaches for the characterization of different samples. In particular, recent studies have focused on the possibility of authenticating high value-added products, in most cases wi","PeriodicalId":113081,"journal":{"name":"NIR News","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121394587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0960336020978716
Robert Zimmerleiter, E. Leiss-Holzinger, Eva Wagner, Kathrin Kober-Rychli, M. Wagner, M. Brandstetter
In this article, we demonstrate a promising inline near-infrared measurement scheme for 24/7 biofilm monitoring based on cost-effective microelectromechanical system-based spectrometer technology. The shown near-infrared spectral data, acquired at a beer-canning line during a representative time span of 10 days, are analyzed by means of principal component analysis and the performance of the monitoring system and its capability to identify biofilms on its sensor surface are investigated by comparing spectral response with results of offline polymerase chain reaction measurements of smear samples. Correlations between presence of a biofilm and its thickness with scores on PC1 and PC2, respectively, were observed.
{"title":"Inline biofilm monitoring based on near-infrared spectroscopy with ultracompact spectrometer technology","authors":"Robert Zimmerleiter, E. Leiss-Holzinger, Eva Wagner, Kathrin Kober-Rychli, M. Wagner, M. Brandstetter","doi":"10.1177/0960336020978716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0960336020978716","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we demonstrate a promising inline near-infrared measurement scheme for 24/7 biofilm monitoring based on cost-effective microelectromechanical system-based spectrometer technology. The shown near-infrared spectral data, acquired at a beer-canning line during a representative time span of 10 days, are analyzed by means of principal component analysis and the performance of the monitoring system and its capability to identify biofilms on its sensor surface are investigated by comparing spectral response with results of offline polymerase chain reaction measurements of smear samples. Correlations between presence of a biofilm and its thickness with scores on PC1 and PC2, respectively, were observed.","PeriodicalId":113081,"journal":{"name":"NIR News","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126297618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0960336020978715
Lola Pérez-Marín
This paper introduces the possibilities of using near-infrared spectral sensors as a nontargeted method, and its pivotal importance as a key tool to fight against food fraud, allowing the detection of unexpected alterations or compounds, but with a holistic approach. An example of using this nontargeted approach to determine the optimal duration of postharvest cold storage of oranges is shown. The methodology based on the use of Shewhart control charts that represent the values of spectral distances, and the critical points of this procedure to consider, are presented.
{"title":"Innovation for food integrity assessment and fraud detection using NIRS as a nontargeted method: Towards intelligent product and process control","authors":"Lola Pérez-Marín","doi":"10.1177/0960336020978715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0960336020978715","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces the possibilities of using near-infrared spectral sensors as a nontargeted method, and its pivotal importance as a key tool to fight against food fraud, allowing the detection of unexpected alterations or compounds, but with a holistic approach. An example of using this nontargeted approach to determine the optimal duration of postharvest cold storage of oranges is shown. The methodology based on the use of Shewhart control charts that represent the values of spectral distances, and the critical points of this procedure to consider, are presented.","PeriodicalId":113081,"journal":{"name":"NIR News","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133709347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0960336020978713
Nanning Cao, B. Cao
With the outbreak of Covid-19, this global pandemic has posed significant problems in various industries. Food safety being one of them places challenges in many areas such as, agriculture and food production, food retail, public health, and supply chain. Under the pandemic circumstance, food safety concerns have risen in the market in an unprecedented way. This could stimulate new business that meets the demand of portable near-infrared (NIR) devices and imaging technologies. In the coming years, it is critical to build the vision not only on the platforms of collecting data but also on how to take advantages of the predictive analytics to get ahead. From the NIR instrumentation manufacture stand of point, one thing is to keep improving the quality of spectral/imaging data by enhancing the hardware, and the other is to incorporate user interface into customer’s data automation system, data pipeline, and their cloud computing database. The automation system will maximize operation efficiency, simplify data management and sharing, and generate analytical reporting. It helps customers to reduce human errors, acquire clean data to influence decision making in a timely manner, and increase the chances of creating values and customer loyalty. In addition, with in-line NIR generating so much real-time data during production monitoring process, it provides opportunities for large data processing for making data-driven business strategies. With the economic growth slowing down, and the developments of trade wars, shifting of regulatory, the market of NIR applications will be impacted on both local and global levels. On the other hand, the NIR business could leverage this opportunity, for example, to convert stand-alone instruments to the digital network solution plan for the recovery ahead, where the benefits are clearly shown in this pandemic.
{"title":"NIRS in the contemporary world for food and agriculture","authors":"Nanning Cao, B. Cao","doi":"10.1177/0960336020978713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0960336020978713","url":null,"abstract":"With the outbreak of Covid-19, this global pandemic has posed significant problems in various industries. Food safety being one of them places challenges in many areas such as, agriculture and food production, food retail, public health, and supply chain. Under the pandemic circumstance, food safety concerns have risen in the market in an unprecedented way. This could stimulate new business that meets the demand of portable near-infrared (NIR) devices and imaging technologies. In the coming years, it is critical to build the vision not only on the platforms of collecting data but also on how to take advantages of the predictive analytics to get ahead. From the NIR instrumentation manufacture stand of point, one thing is to keep improving the quality of spectral/imaging data by enhancing the hardware, and the other is to incorporate user interface into customer’s data automation system, data pipeline, and their cloud computing database. The automation system will maximize operation efficiency, simplify data management and sharing, and generate analytical reporting. It helps customers to reduce human errors, acquire clean data to influence decision making in a timely manner, and increase the chances of creating values and customer loyalty. In addition, with in-line NIR generating so much real-time data during production monitoring process, it provides opportunities for large data processing for making data-driven business strategies. With the economic growth slowing down, and the developments of trade wars, shifting of regulatory, the market of NIR applications will be impacted on both local and global levels. On the other hand, the NIR business could leverage this opportunity, for example, to convert stand-alone instruments to the digital network solution plan for the recovery ahead, where the benefits are clearly shown in this pandemic.","PeriodicalId":113081,"journal":{"name":"NIR News","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128690771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1177/0960336020944000
AC Power, S. Ingleby, J. Chapman, D. Cozzolino
The monitoring and quantification of the illegal harvest of protected animal products is very vital for the conservation and protection of endangered species. Most of the methods and techniques used in the trade of these products are recognised to be incredibly time consuming and labour intensive requiring significant analyst expertise. In this study, we have demonstrated the potential of near-infrared spectroscopy combined with either principal component analysis or partial least square discriminant analysis regression as a rapid and non-invasive tool to classify horn and ivory samples stored in the Australian Museum, Sydney. This study has also demonstrated the attractiveness of the near-infrared technique as a screening tool that could revolutionise the tracking and identification of contraband materials produced from horn and ivory biomaterials.
{"title":"Light at the museum – A near impossible result","authors":"AC Power, S. Ingleby, J. Chapman, D. Cozzolino","doi":"10.1177/0960336020944000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0960336020944000","url":null,"abstract":"The monitoring and quantification of the illegal harvest of protected animal products is very vital for the conservation and protection of endangered species. Most of the methods and techniques used in the trade of these products are recognised to be incredibly time consuming and labour intensive requiring significant analyst expertise. In this study, we have demonstrated the potential of near-infrared spectroscopy combined with either principal component analysis or partial least square discriminant analysis regression as a rapid and non-invasive tool to classify horn and ivory samples stored in the Australian Museum, Sydney. This study has also demonstrated the attractiveness of the near-infrared technique as a screening tool that could revolutionise the tracking and identification of contraband materials produced from horn and ivory biomaterials.","PeriodicalId":113081,"journal":{"name":"NIR News","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115350784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1177/0960336020945110
6–10 September, Singapore, SETAC 8th World congress, https://singapore.setac.org/scope-of-the-meeting/ 30 September–2 October, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Hyperspectral Sensing meets Machine Learning and Pattern Analysis (HyperMLPA), http://www.spectroexpo.com/hypermlpa/ 6–7 October, Sanur, Bali, The 4th International Seminar on Photonics, Optics, and its Applications (ISOhOA 2020), https://isphoa.org/ 11–16 October, Reno, NV, USA, SCIX 2020, https://facss.org/event-3326054 15–20 December, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, Pacifichem 2020: A Creative Vision for the Future, https://pacifichem. org
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