Pub Date : 1998-09-02DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.722490
V. Korjik, R. Bikkenin
An anti-jamming direct sequence spread spectrum system is considered. We believe that an enemy can detect phase shifts from chip by chip and create a "retransmitted" interference with additional modulation. To prevent this attack we propose another version of pseudonoise spread spectrum system which is based on combined phase shift-keyed and frequency shift-keyed modulation. The performance of such a system for optimized interference created by a jammer is investigated. We discuss also the implementation of error correcting coding to improve the reliability of the proposed communication system.
{"title":"Performance analysis of the enhanced PN spread spectrum system in the presence of jamming by modulated retransmitted signal","authors":"V. Korjik, R. Bikkenin","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.722490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.722490","url":null,"abstract":"An anti-jamming direct sequence spread spectrum system is considered. We believe that an enemy can detect phase shifts from chip by chip and create a \"retransmitted\" interference with additional modulation. To prevent this attack we propose another version of pseudonoise spread spectrum system which is based on combined phase shift-keyed and frequency shift-keyed modulation. The performance of such a system for optimized interference created by a jammer is investigated. We discuss also the implementation of error correcting coding to improve the reliability of the proposed communication system.","PeriodicalId":116377,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Proceedings. Spread Technology to Africa (Cat. No.98TH8333)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124535523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-09-02DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.723845
Allan, Margulies, J. Mitola
Modern technology has reached a point where it is feasible to produce a radio which changes personality depending on the software loaded into it. There may be baseband processing options, modulation options, RF options, and antenna control options in a physical package configured for handheld, mobile, or base station applications. This paper discusses the need for a software radio architecture, what that architecture should be, the migration strategy issues that have to be addressed, and the technology that makes such a radio possible.
{"title":"Software defined radios: a technical challenge and a migration strategy","authors":"Allan, Margulies, J. Mitola","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.723845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.723845","url":null,"abstract":"Modern technology has reached a point where it is feasible to produce a radio which changes personality depending on the software loaded into it. There may be baseband processing options, modulation options, RF options, and antenna control options in a physical package configured for handheld, mobile, or base station applications. This paper discusses the need for a software radio architecture, what that architecture should be, the migration strategy issues that have to be addressed, and the technology that makes such a radio possible.","PeriodicalId":116377,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Proceedings. Spread Technology to Africa (Cat. No.98TH8333)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124547977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-09-02DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.726226
S. Kaiser
The multi-carrier (MC) multiple access schemes MC-FDMA, MC-TDMA, MC-CDMA and the previously proposed SS-MC-MA scheme are investigated and compared for the suitability in the uplink and the downlink of a mobile radio system. By presenting a bandwidth efficiency plan for the different MC multiple access schemes in fading channels, the influence of the channel code rate, the system load, and the spreading code length is presented. Moreover, results with oneand two-dimensional pilot symbol aided channel estimation are shown for the various MC multiple access schemes considering typical multipath propagation scenarios in the uplink and the downlink.
{"title":"MC-FDMA and MC-TDMA versus MC-CDMA and SS-MC-MA: performance evaluation for fading channels","authors":"S. Kaiser","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.726226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.726226","url":null,"abstract":"The multi-carrier (MC) multiple access schemes MC-FDMA, MC-TDMA, MC-CDMA and the previously proposed SS-MC-MA scheme are investigated and compared for the suitability in the uplink and the downlink of a mobile radio system. By presenting a bandwidth efficiency plan for the different MC multiple access schemes in fading channels, the influence of the channel code rate, the system load, and the spreading code length is presented. Moreover, results with oneand two-dimensional pilot symbol aided channel estimation are shown for the various MC multiple access schemes considering typical multipath propagation scenarios in the uplink and the downlink.","PeriodicalId":116377,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Proceedings. Spread Technology to Africa (Cat. No.98TH8333)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121411184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-09-02DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.726216
S. Verdú, S. Shamai
Information theoretic aspects of code division multiple access (CDMA) random direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) are investigated. The CDMA-DSSS channel with randomly and independently chosen spreading sequences accurately models the situation where pseudo-noise sequences span many symbol periods. Its information theoretic analysis provides a comparison baseline for CDMA channels with carefully designed signature waveforms that span one bit period on one hand and optimal multiple-user coded systems on the other. We analyze the spectral efficiency (total capacity per chip) as a function of the number of users, spreading gain and signal-to-noise ratio, and we quantify the loss in efficiency relative to an optimally chosen set of signature sequences and to an optimal multiaccess system without spreading. White Gaussian background noise and equal-power synchronous users are assumed. The analysis comprises the following receivers: (a) optimal joint processing, (b) single-user matched filtering; (c) decorrelation and (d) minimum mean square error linear processing. Some implications due to fading are also addressed.
{"title":"Capacity of CDMA with random spreading and multiuser detection","authors":"S. Verdú, S. Shamai","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.726216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.726216","url":null,"abstract":"Information theoretic aspects of code division multiple access (CDMA) random direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) are investigated. The CDMA-DSSS channel with randomly and independently chosen spreading sequences accurately models the situation where pseudo-noise sequences span many symbol periods. Its information theoretic analysis provides a comparison baseline for CDMA channels with carefully designed signature waveforms that span one bit period on one hand and optimal multiple-user coded systems on the other. We analyze the spectral efficiency (total capacity per chip) as a function of the number of users, spreading gain and signal-to-noise ratio, and we quantify the loss in efficiency relative to an optimally chosen set of signature sequences and to an optimal multiaccess system without spreading. White Gaussian background noise and equal-power synchronous users are assumed. The analysis comprises the following receivers: (a) optimal joint processing, (b) single-user matched filtering; (c) decorrelation and (d) minimum mean square error linear processing. Some implications due to fading are also addressed.","PeriodicalId":116377,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Proceedings. Spread Technology to Africa (Cat. No.98TH8333)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114279481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-09-02DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.723808
S. Sasaki, H. Kikuchi, G. Marubayashi
This paper investigates the effects of using error-and-erasure decoding in coded parallel combinatorial spread spectrum (PC/SS) systems over Rayleigh fading channels. The PC/SS system is an advanced multi-code direct sequence spread spectrum system for high-speed data transmission. Our previous works have shown that the Reed-Solomon (RS) coded PC/SS systems provide significant improvement in error rate performance over conventional DS/SS systems. To achieve further performance improvement in the PC/SS systems, error-and-erasure decoding techniques are implemented in the RS coded PC/SS receiver. To obtain the erasure location information, a threshold for the signal-to-noise ratio is set at the correlator output. Numerical results show that the coded PC/SS systems with error-and-erasure decoding provides significant improvement in the bit error rate (BER). With errors-only decoding, the PC/SS systems cannot improve the error rate performance because of large SNR penalty introduced by coding. On the contrary, error-and erasure decoding still improves the performance of PC/SS systems under multiple access environment.
{"title":"Performance of parallel combinatorial CDMA systems with side information","authors":"S. Sasaki, H. Kikuchi, G. Marubayashi","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.723808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.723808","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the effects of using error-and-erasure decoding in coded parallel combinatorial spread spectrum (PC/SS) systems over Rayleigh fading channels. The PC/SS system is an advanced multi-code direct sequence spread spectrum system for high-speed data transmission. Our previous works have shown that the Reed-Solomon (RS) coded PC/SS systems provide significant improvement in error rate performance over conventional DS/SS systems. To achieve further performance improvement in the PC/SS systems, error-and-erasure decoding techniques are implemented in the RS coded PC/SS receiver. To obtain the erasure location information, a threshold for the signal-to-noise ratio is set at the correlator output. Numerical results show that the coded PC/SS systems with error-and-erasure decoding provides significant improvement in the bit error rate (BER). With errors-only decoding, the PC/SS systems cannot improve the error rate performance because of large SNR penalty introduced by coding. On the contrary, error-and erasure decoding still improves the performance of PC/SS systems under multiple access environment.","PeriodicalId":116377,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Proceedings. Spread Technology to Africa (Cat. No.98TH8333)","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123929456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-09-02DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.726197
S. Hishida, S. Suzuki, H. Fujisaka, T. Miyashita, C. Sato
This paper describes a digital Manchester DLL with delta-sigma modulation, and its improved version in order to expand the tracking range. We make an approximate analysis, simulation and experiment for both DLLs. We estimate transient response and RMS jitter of tracking phase error against additive white Gaussian noise. From the analysis, simulation and experiment, the transient response and the steady state RMS jitter performance agree well. The proposed DDLLs are small size, not affected by the quantization noise and realized with reasonable tracking range. It is possible to apply delta-sigma modulation to DLL for power-line communication.
{"title":"Digital delay-lock loop with delta-sigma modulation for power-line SS communication","authors":"S. Hishida, S. Suzuki, H. Fujisaka, T. Miyashita, C. Sato","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.726197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.726197","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a digital Manchester DLL with delta-sigma modulation, and its improved version in order to expand the tracking range. We make an approximate analysis, simulation and experiment for both DLLs. We estimate transient response and RMS jitter of tracking phase error against additive white Gaussian noise. From the analysis, simulation and experiment, the transient response and the steady state RMS jitter performance agree well. The proposed DDLLs are small size, not affected by the quantization noise and realized with reasonable tracking range. It is possible to apply delta-sigma modulation to DLL for power-line communication.","PeriodicalId":116377,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Proceedings. Spread Technology to Africa (Cat. No.98TH8333)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115848429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-09-02DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.726247
Ling Qiu, Jinkang Zhu, Shengli Zhou, Gang Mei
In order to study the third generation mobile communication systems, it is very necessary to use W-CDMA wireless multimedia communication techniques. The channel design method is proposed and the demodulation performance is analyzed for a W-CDMA wireless multimedia communication system. This paper also discuss the power control method. Finally a W-CDMA wireless multimedia experiment system is presented, it is support by High Technology R&D Programme of China.
{"title":"Channel design and performance analysis for W-CDMA wireless multimedia communication system","authors":"Ling Qiu, Jinkang Zhu, Shengli Zhou, Gang Mei","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.726247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.726247","url":null,"abstract":"In order to study the third generation mobile communication systems, it is very necessary to use W-CDMA wireless multimedia communication techniques. The channel design method is proposed and the demodulation performance is analyzed for a W-CDMA wireless multimedia communication system. This paper also discuss the power control method. Finally a W-CDMA wireless multimedia experiment system is presented, it is support by High Technology R&D Programme of China.","PeriodicalId":116377,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Proceedings. Spread Technology to Africa (Cat. No.98TH8333)","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130912665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-09-02DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.722483
F. Kuchen, D. Didascalou, W. Wiesbeck
Numerous investigations on the minimum required fieldstrength for digital audio broadcasting (DAB) reception have been made. The maximum symbol error rate (SER) of the unprotected channel which guarantees good signal quality at the receiver output has been determined, too. Consequently, many coverage parameters are already fixed. To improve and enlarge the coverage areas new ideas are required, e.g. the introduction of space diversity systems at the receiver. In this paper diversity systems with different combiner techniques are investigated. Especially for the 1.5 GHz range with 20 cm wavelength, the dimensions of a common car exceeds several wavelengths. For that reason space diversity appears to improve the signal quality significantly. The obtained results at 230 MHz and 1.5 GHz show that the minimum required fieldstrength decreases drastically due to the diversity technique used. A new "SER-combiner" is presented which allows much higher values of SERs on the unprotected propagation channel for good signal quality compared to a receiver without diversity. Hence, space diversity techniques become an important topic for mobile DAB reception.
{"title":"The application of space diversity for digital audio broadcasting","authors":"F. Kuchen, D. Didascalou, W. Wiesbeck","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.722483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.722483","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous investigations on the minimum required fieldstrength for digital audio broadcasting (DAB) reception have been made. The maximum symbol error rate (SER) of the unprotected channel which guarantees good signal quality at the receiver output has been determined, too. Consequently, many coverage parameters are already fixed. To improve and enlarge the coverage areas new ideas are required, e.g. the introduction of space diversity systems at the receiver. In this paper diversity systems with different combiner techniques are investigated. Especially for the 1.5 GHz range with 20 cm wavelength, the dimensions of a common car exceeds several wavelengths. For that reason space diversity appears to improve the signal quality significantly. The obtained results at 230 MHz and 1.5 GHz show that the minimum required fieldstrength decreases drastically due to the diversity technique used. A new \"SER-combiner\" is presented which allows much higher values of SERs on the unprotected propagation channel for good signal quality compared to a receiver without diversity. Hence, space diversity techniques become an important topic for mobile DAB reception.","PeriodicalId":116377,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Proceedings. Spread Technology to Africa (Cat. No.98TH8333)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131149241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-09-02DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.723835
H. Safer, G. Berger, F. Seifert
A good knowledge of the mobile radio channel is the key for an optimized digital communication system. Especially in mountainous areas the channel is very critical, because the topography of the different mountains and valleys leads to scenarios with a lot of multipath propagation. A wideband channel sounder, developed in our laboratory, uses a chirp impulse compression technique based on a surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter, synchronized by a Global Position System (GPS) time reference. Using these highly stable references the compressed chirp can be demodulated coherently and the time-variant channel impulse response, which gives a very compact description of the radio channel, can be calculated from the measured data. Results of measurements of the propagation characteristics in the VHF frequency range (30-88 MHz) are reported. The radio channel of three different regions (flat terrain, hilly terrain, mountainous area) is compared and suitable parameters for their characterization are presented.
{"title":"Wideband propagation measurements of the VHF-mobile radio channel in different areas of Austria","authors":"H. Safer, G. Berger, F. Seifert","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.723835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.723835","url":null,"abstract":"A good knowledge of the mobile radio channel is the key for an optimized digital communication system. Especially in mountainous areas the channel is very critical, because the topography of the different mountains and valleys leads to scenarios with a lot of multipath propagation. A wideband channel sounder, developed in our laboratory, uses a chirp impulse compression technique based on a surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter, synchronized by a Global Position System (GPS) time reference. Using these highly stable references the compressed chirp can be demodulated coherently and the time-variant channel impulse response, which gives a very compact description of the radio channel, can be calculated from the measured data. Results of measurements of the propagation characteristics in the VHF frequency range (30-88 MHz) are reported. The radio channel of three different regions (flat terrain, hilly terrain, mountainous area) is compared and suitable parameters for their characterization are presented.","PeriodicalId":116377,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Proceedings. Spread Technology to Africa (Cat. No.98TH8333)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125678585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-09-02DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.726256
A. Pouttu, J. Juntti, T. Kumpumaki
We study the performance of a hybrid direct sequence frequency hopping (DS/FH) system with interference suppression in an environment where narrowband (relative to the DS spreading code bandwidth) interference perturbs the signal. In suppressing the narrowband interference, a transform domain approach has been chosen, i.e. the interference suppression takes place, e.g. in the frequency domain. This approach is more practical since the duration of a frequency hop is prohibitive to the use of time domain adaptive filtering. The aim of this paper is to study the relative performance of four different adaptive rules used in determining and suppressing the interfered frequencies in the frequency domain. The interference environment changes from frequency hop to hop but during each hop the interference is considered time-invariant. To avoid spectral leaking of the interfering power, windowing can be performed prior to transformation. The transformations are accomplished with the FFT and the inverse FFT algorithms. After the interference suppression the signal is transformed back to the time domain to be fed to the DS-code matched filter. The criterion used for the performance comparisons is the bit error probability as a function of E/sub 1//N/sub 0/ and S/J. The numerical results were obtained by Monte Carlo simulations.
{"title":"Adaptive transform domain interference suppression in a hybrid DS/FH-system","authors":"A. Pouttu, J. Juntti, T. Kumpumaki","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.726256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.1998.726256","url":null,"abstract":"We study the performance of a hybrid direct sequence frequency hopping (DS/FH) system with interference suppression in an environment where narrowband (relative to the DS spreading code bandwidth) interference perturbs the signal. In suppressing the narrowband interference, a transform domain approach has been chosen, i.e. the interference suppression takes place, e.g. in the frequency domain. This approach is more practical since the duration of a frequency hop is prohibitive to the use of time domain adaptive filtering. The aim of this paper is to study the relative performance of four different adaptive rules used in determining and suppressing the interfered frequencies in the frequency domain. The interference environment changes from frequency hop to hop but during each hop the interference is considered time-invariant. To avoid spectral leaking of the interfering power, windowing can be performed prior to transformation. The transformations are accomplished with the FFT and the inverse FFT algorithms. After the interference suppression the signal is transformed back to the time domain to be fed to the DS-code matched filter. The criterion used for the performance comparisons is the bit error probability as a function of E/sub 1//N/sub 0/ and S/J. The numerical results were obtained by Monte Carlo simulations.","PeriodicalId":116377,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Proceedings. Spread Technology to Africa (Cat. No.98TH8333)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128199325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：