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2005 IEEE Aerospace Conference最新文献

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A scalable learning system for video recognition 一个可扩展的视频识别学习系统
Pub Date : 2005-03-05 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.2005.1559516
R. Porter, C. Chakrabarti, N. Harvey, Garrett T. Kenyon
Learning has become an essential part of many image and video processing systems, but it is not often used as an end-to-end solution. Some of the most successful demonstrations of end-to-end learning have been with convolutional, or shared weight networks. We are interested in how this approach can scale and have developed a flexible framework for implementing and training large scale convolutional networks called Harpo. We present an overview of the Harpo framework and describe a multilevel learning strategy used to optimize convolutional networks for particular features of interest in video data streams. Harpo is designed to exploit reconfigurable hardware to accelerate massively parallel convolutional network components and achieve real-time processing speeds. In this paper, we present initial software experiments which use the system to segment exhaust plumes coming from military vehicles in unmanned aerial vehicle video data
学习已经成为许多图像和视频处理系统的重要组成部分,但它并不经常被用作端到端解决方案。一些最成功的端到端学习演示是卷积或共享权重网络。我们对这种方法如何扩展很感兴趣,并开发了一个灵活的框架来实现和训练称为Harpo的大规模卷积网络。我们概述了Harpo框架,并描述了一种多层学习策略,用于针对视频数据流中感兴趣的特定特征优化卷积网络。Harpo旨在利用可重构硬件来加速大规模并行卷积网络组件并实现实时处理速度。在本文中,我们提出了初步的软件实验,使用该系统对无人机视频数据中来自军用车辆的排气羽流进行分割
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引用次数: 0
Connectivity, Resource Integration, and High Performance Reconfigurable Computing for Autonomous UAVs 自主无人机的连通性、资源集成和高性能可重构计算
Pub Date : 2005-03-05 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.2005.1559603
M. Jasiunas, D. Kearney, R. Bowyer
In an investigation into the capabilities of small autonomous formations of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), we identified connectivity, processing power, and lack of resource integration as three major limiting factors of current technology. In an endeavor to address these issues, we propose a new novel hardware and software environment consisting of a traditional Von Neumann processor coupled with a field programmable gate array (FPGA) for high performance processing, along with support libraries to better manage the resources of a formation. The supporting software libraries have the primary functions of allowing any networked resource (such as processors and UAV sensors) to be accessed from any location in the UAV formation, and also provide support that allows algorithms implemented simultaneously on the reconfigurable and traditional processors to migrate between UAVs for better connectivity to resources or to balance processing loads. In this paper we present the issues we faced in the design of these systems, along with our preliminary results indicating the advantages and shortcomings of the system. We also describe in detail the construction of the prototype systems used to determine the correct software settings for the mobile algorithms
在对小型自主编队无人机(uav)能力的调查中,我们确定了连接、处理能力和缺乏资源整合是当前技术的三个主要限制因素。为了解决这些问题,我们提出了一种新的硬件和软件环境,包括传统的冯·诺伊曼处理器和用于高性能处理的现场可编程门阵列(FPGA),以及支持库,以更好地管理编队资源。支持软件库的主要功能是允许从无人机编队中的任何位置访问任何网络资源(如处理器和无人机传感器),并且还提供支持,允许在可重构和传统处理器上同时实现的算法在无人机之间迁移,以更好地连接到资源或平衡处理负载。在本文中,我们提出了我们在设计这些系统时面临的问题,以及我们初步的结果,表明了系统的优点和缺点。我们还详细描述了用于确定移动算法的正确软件设置的原型系统的构建
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引用次数: 4
PowerPC ™ RAD750 ™ -A Microprocessor for Now and the Future PowerPC & # 8482;RAD750 & # 8482;-现在和未来的微处理器
Pub Date : 2005-03-05 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.2005.1559534
D. Rea, D. Bayles, P. Kapcio, S. Doyle, D. Stanley
The RAD750trade space hardened microprocessor is a fully licensed PowerPCtrade that is identical in architecture, function and operation to the commercial PowerPC 750trade microprocessor. Ongoing performance improvements in both the processor and surrounding devices provide a complete space computer solution for current and future space programs
rad750贸易空间强化微处理器是一个完全授权的PowerPCtrade,在架构、功能和操作上与商用powerpc750贸易微处理器相同。处理器和周边设备的持续性能改进为当前和未来的太空计划提供了完整的太空计算机解决方案
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引用次数: 11
A Translational Web Services Bridge for Meaningful Interoperability Among Information Systems 信息系统间有意义互操作性的翻译Web服务桥梁
Pub Date : 2005-03-05 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.2005.1559637
K. Pohl, L. Vempati
An emerging issue in the world of context-centric software-based decision-support is the need for potentially disparate systems to interoperate in meaningful and useful ways. Such interoperability must go beyond the elementary communication of data and endeavor to support a more powerful context-oriented inter-system relationship. A key issue in such functionality is the support, moreover the promotion, of meaningful interoperability while still retaining individual system representations, or perspectives. In other words, the meaningful integration of potentially disparate systems in a manner that allows each collaborating system to retain its potentially unique means of representing, or perceiving, the domain over which it operates. In the past, several approaches to this problem have been postulated, such as development of a specific translator for each source/target system pair combination, development of a universal ontology to encompass both systems, and so on. Specific, one-off translators are usually tightly coupled with both systems and have limited support for dealing with representational changes. The alternate approach of developing a universal representation is not only highly impractical but also requires an ongoing effort of monumental proportions to achieve even a remotely acceptable solution. Considering the potential complexity inherent in mapping between possibly disparate perspectives it is the opinion of the authors that a suitable solution will require the employment of reasoning-enabling technologies capable of supporting the high level analysis involved in performing such context-based translation. Above and beyond the need for complex translation among differing perspectives, the authors see an additional critical ingredient in supporting meaningful interoperability among systems as being the application of a web services-oriented model of inter-system collaboration. In this paradigm, both formalized and more ad hoc system capabilities are essentially defined and exposed as accessible web services. Interoperability in this sense involves systems employing each other's services in an effort to perform their desired tasks. Reliant on support for complex translation to map between perspectives, this notion of remote service invocation offers a simple yet effective metaphor for addressing the increasing need for useful interaction among potentially disparate systems. The focus of this paper is to provide both a vision and supporting design for a translation-based Web services interoperability bridge capable of supporting Web services-oriented interoperability among systems operating over potentially disparate representations. Capitalizing on offerings from both the artificial intelligence and semantic Web-based worlds the presented design incorporates technologies such as inference engines, rule-based systems, XML, XSLT, Web services and service-oriented architectures to provide the needed infrastructure to support meaningful
在以上下文为中心的基于软件的决策支持领域中出现的一个新问题是,需要潜在的不同系统以有意义和有用的方式进行互操作。这种互操作性必须超越数据的基本通信,并努力支持更强大的面向上下文的系统间关系。这种功能中的一个关键问题是,在保留单个系统表示或透视图的同时,支持并促进有意义的互操作性。换句话说,以一种允许每个协作系统保留其潜在的独特的表示或感知其操作的领域的方式,对潜在的不同系统进行有意义的集成。在过去,有几种方法可以解决这个问题,例如为每个源/目标系统对组合开发特定的转换器,开发包含两个系统的通用本体,等等。特定的、一次性的翻译器通常与两个系统紧密耦合,并且对处理表示变化的支持有限。开发通用表示的替代方法不仅非常不切实际,而且需要持续的巨大努力来实现即使是远程可接受的解决方案。考虑到可能不同的视角之间映射的潜在复杂性,作者认为,一个合适的解决方案将需要使用能够支持执行这种基于上下文的翻译所涉及的高级分析的推理支持技术。除了需要在不同的视角之间进行复杂的转换之外,作者还看到了支持系统之间有意义的互操作性的另一个关键因素,即面向web服务的系统间协作模型的应用。在这个范例中,形式化的和更特别的系统功能本质上都被定义并公开为可访问的web服务。这种意义上的互操作性包括系统利用彼此的服务来努力执行它们期望的任务。依赖于对透视图之间映射的复杂转换的支持,远程服务调用的概念提供了一个简单而有效的比喻,用于解决潜在异构系统之间日益增长的有用交互需求。本文的重点是为基于翻译的Web服务互操作性桥提供愿景和支持设计,该桥能够支持在潜在不同表示上操作的系统之间面向Web服务的互操作性。利用人工智能和基于语义的Web世界的产品,所提出的设计结合了诸如推理引擎、基于规则的系统、XML、XSLT、Web服务和面向服务的体系结构等技术,以提供所需的基础设施,以支持信息时代基于上下文的系统之间有意义的互操作性
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引用次数: 2
Measuring water content of Martian soil simulants using planar four-probes 利用平面四探针测量火星土壤模拟物的含水量
Pub Date : 2005-03-05 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.2005.1559355
M. Buehler, T. Sant, E. Brizendine, D. Keymeulen, G. Kuhlman, M. Schaap, S. Seshadri, R. C. Anderson
A miniature four-point probe instrument has been developed and applied to the characterization of the moisture content of the Martian soil simulants using fine and coarse silica sand and Moses Lake basalt. The results indicate that the soil resistivity varies over four orders of magnitude as the moisture content varied from 0.1% to over 10%. In addition it was found that forcing too much current through the sand sample resulted in a curious breakdown in the current-voltage characteristic.
开发了一种微型四点探针仪器,并将其应用于利用细硅砂和粗硅砂和摩西湖玄武岩的火星土壤模拟物的水分含量表征。结果表明,在0.1% ~ 10%的含水率范围内,土壤电阻率变化幅度超过4个数量级。此外,研究还发现,施加过多的电流通过砂样会导致电流-电压特性出现奇怪的击穿。
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引用次数: 1
Electronics EMI/EMC and radiation effects testing for a university-designed ISS imaging payload 大学设计的国际空间站成像有效载荷的电子EMI/EMC和辐射效应测试
Pub Date : 2005-03-05 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.2005.1559342
W.J. Wambsganss, N. Hulst, B.W. Scilley, R. Schultz, D. Olsen, G. Seielstad
The University of North Dakota (UND) is developing the agricultural camera (AgCam) payload to capture precision agriculture imagery from an Earth-observing window onboard the International Space Station (ISS). Before AgCam operations can begin, however, the AgCam system must be thoroughly tested in order to prove its safety, reliability, and compatibility with other vitally important ISS electronics which is in close proximity to the payload. Electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic compatibility (EMI/EMC) are NASA-required tests for all payloads containing electronic components. Radiation effects testing, although not required by NASA is critically important in determining the reliability of the system in a low Earth orbit environment. The process of design and verification through testing to minimize the effects of EMI/EMC and ionizing radiation is really more of an art than a science, since in many cases the best way to succeed in these areas is to use the intuition gained from experience and a handful of "rules of thumb". Facilities and expertise for conducting these tests are usually unavailable in the university environment, but with the assistance of technical professionals in NASA and industry, the AgCam system will undergo the required tests in time for launch to the ISS onboard a Space Shuttle in 2006
北达科他州大学(UND)正在开发农业相机(AgCam)有效载荷,以从国际空间站(ISS)上的地球观测窗口捕获精确的农业图像。然而,在AgCam开始运行之前,必须对AgCam系统进行彻底的测试,以证明其安全性、可靠性以及与靠近有效载荷的其他至关重要的国际空间站电子设备的兼容性。电磁干扰和电磁兼容性(EMI/EMC)是美国宇航局要求的所有包含电子元件的有效载荷测试。虽然NASA没有要求进行辐射效应测试,但它对确定低地球轨道环境下系统的可靠性至关重要。通过测试设计和验证的过程,以尽量减少EMI/EMC和电离辐射的影响,实际上与其说是一门科学,不如说是一门艺术,因为在许多情况下,在这些领域取得成功的最佳方式是使用从经验中获得的直觉和一些“经验法则”。在大学环境中通常没有进行这些测试的设施和专门知识,但在美国国家航空航天局和工业界的技术专业人员的协助下,AgCam系统将及时完成所需的测试,以便于2006年乘航天飞机发射到国际空间站
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引用次数: 2
BIG BLUE: high-altitude UAV demonstrator of Mars airplane technology BIG BLUE:火星飞机技术的高空无人机演示器
Pub Date : 2005-03-05 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.2005.1559753
A. Simpson, O. Rawashdeh, S. Smith, J. Jacob, W. Smith, J. Lumpp
BIG BLUE (baseline inflatable-wing glider, balloon-launched unmanned experiment) is a flight experiment envisioned, designed, built, and flown primarily by undergraduate students in the College of Engineering at the University of Kentucky. BIG BLUE was conceived as a demonstration of unique inflatable wing technologies with potential for application for Mars airplanes. On May 3, 2003, BIG BLUE achieved the first-ever deployment and curing of UV hardening inflatable wings and reached an altitude of 27.1km (89,000ft). BIG BLUE II was launched successfully on May 1, 2004 with a second-generation optimized wing design. The wings were deployed and cured to an excellent symmetric flying shape from a flight ready fuselage with an autonomous autopilot, sensor and communication systems. To date, over 100 students have participated directly in the design, fabrication and testing of BIG BLUE, exposing them to the challenge and excitement of aerospace careers. BIG BLUE is supported by the NASA Workforce Development Program which has objectives to attract, motivate, and prepare students for technological careers in support of NASA, its missions, and its research efforts. BIG BLUE provides multidisciplinary experiential learning directed specifically toward entering the aerospace workforce
BIG BLUE(基线充气翼滑翔机,气球发射的无人实验)是一项飞行实验,主要由肯塔基大学工程学院的本科生设想、设计、建造和飞行。“蓝色巨人”被认为是一种独特的充气机翼技术的演示,具有应用于火星飞机的潜力。2003年5月3日,“蓝色巨人”首次完成了紫外线硬化充气机翼的部署和固化,并达到了27.1公里(89,000英尺)的高度。BIG BLUE II于2004年5月1日成功发射,采用了第二代优化机翼设计。机翼被展开并固化成极好的对称飞行形状,机身配备了自动驾驶仪、传感器和通信系统。迄今为止,已有100多名学生直接参与了“蓝色巨人”的设计、制造和测试,让他们接触到航空航天事业的挑战和兴奋。“蓝色巨人”由美国宇航局劳动力发展计划支持,该计划的目标是吸引、激励和培养学生从事技术职业,以支持美国宇航局、其任务和研究工作。BIG BLUE提供专门针对进入航空航天劳动力的多学科体验式学习
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引用次数: 24
Effect of Temperature on MEMS Vibratory Rate Gyroscope 温度对MEMS振动速率陀螺仪的影响
Pub Date : 2005-03-05 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.2005.1559561
D. Keymeulen, C. Peay, K. Yee, D.L. Li
We report the temperature dependence of the JPL/Boeing MEMS second generation post resonator gyroscopes and determine the effect of hysteresis over the range 35degC to 65degC. The results indicate a strong linear dependence of the drive frequency and sense frequency with temperature of 0.093Hz/degC and AGC bias voltage with temperature of 13mV/degC. The results also indicate a significant time lag of the gyroscope of these quantities when responding to external temperature variations but determined no hysteresis exists in the drive frequency, sense frequency, and AGC bias. Both the time-frequency and time-bias voltage relationships are of the form y = A+B*exp(-t/T) where A is an offset parameter in Hertz and Volts respectively and B depends on the magnitude of the temperature variation
本文报道了喷气推进实验室/波音MEMS第二代后谐振腔陀螺仪的温度依赖性,并确定了在35℃至65℃范围内的磁滞效应。结果表明,当温度为0.093Hz/℃时,驱动频率和传感频率与温度为13mV/℃时的AGC偏置电压呈较强的线性关系。结果还表明,陀螺仪在响应外部温度变化时存在显著的时间滞后,但在驱动频率、检测频率和AGC偏置中不存在滞后。时间-频率和时间偏置电压关系的形式为y = A+B*exp(-t/T),其中A分别是以赫兹和伏特为单位的偏移参数,B取决于温度变化的幅度
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引用次数: 59
Target tracking, approach, and camera handoff for automated instrument placement 目标跟踪、接近和相机切换,用于自动仪器放置
Pub Date : 2005-03-05 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.2005.1559298
Max Bajracharya, Antonio Diaz-Calderon, Matthew Robinson, Mark Powell maxb
This paper describes the target designation, tracking, approach, and camera handoff technologies required to achieve accurate, single-command autonomous instrument placement for a planetary rover. It focuses on robust tracking integrated with obstacle avoidance during the approach phase, and image-based camera handoff to allow vision-based instrument placement. It also provides initial results from a complete system combining these technologies with rover base placement to maximize arm manipulability and image-based instrument placement.
本文描述了为实现行星漫游者精确的单指令自主仪器放置所需的目标指定、跟踪、接近和相机切换技术。它专注于在接近阶段集成了障碍物的鲁棒跟踪,以及基于图像的相机切换,以允许基于视觉的仪器放置。它还提供了一个完整系统的初步结果,该系统将这些技术与探测车基座放置相结合,以最大限度地提高机械臂的可操作性和基于图像的仪器放置。
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引用次数: 22
Space based radar on-board processing architecture 天基雷达机载处理体系结构
Pub Date : 2005-03-05 DOI: 10.1109/AERO.2005.1559511
S. Vaillancourt
This paper describes system-level issues and solutions for space-based radar on-board processing. A modular, upgradeable architecture has been defined and SEAKR Engineering has built three module types as a risk-reduction effort. The memory modules are scalable to 128 Gbits/board with 16 Gbps of I/O capacity. The processing element boards are FPGA-based and use five Xilinx Virtex-II Pro-70 parts. Four FPGAs each have four banks of 18Mbit fast SRAM and the fifth FPGA has 512 MBytes of SDRAM. There are 10 Gbps interconnects between the FPGAs and two 8Gbps external I/O ports. The network switch module is based on RapidIO with the first version handling 4 bidirectional ports with 8Gbps full duplex per port. System partitioning and thermal issues have led to the use of heat pipes for hot parts and advanced materials for the chassis. The system power supply has also been considered to provide 1000 Watts from the system bus to the high-current, low voltages used by the advanced deep sub-micron parts
本文介绍了天基雷达机载处理的系统级问题和解决方案。已经定义了一个模块化的、可升级的体系结构,SEAKR工程公司已经构建了三种模块类型,以降低风险。内存模块可扩展到128 gbit /board,具有16 Gbps的I/O容量。处理电路板基于fpga,使用5个Xilinx Virtex-II Pro-70部件。四个FPGA各有四组18Mbit快速SRAM,第五个FPGA具有512 mb的SDRAM。fpga和两个8Gbps的外部I/O端口之间有10gbps的互连。网络交换模块基于RapidIO,第一个版本处理4个双向端口,每个端口8Gbps全双工。系统分区和热问题导致热部件使用热管,底盘使用先进材料。系统电源也被考虑提供1000瓦从系统总线到高电流,低电压使用的先进深亚微米部件
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2005 IEEE Aerospace Conference
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