Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2023.103398
Zongsu Zhang, Qishuo Zhang, Wenjie Mao, Xianlong Chu, Yixing Meng, Qun He, Neng Wang, Xianhai Yang
The sorting of waste plastic film can effectively protect the environment, improve energy efficiency, and effectively improve its recycling value. In this paper, a new method for solving the vibration sorting trajectory of waste plastic film, micro-element trajectory method, was proposed. The mathematical model of the thin film vibration was established, the force of the thin film was analyzed, and the motion trajectory of the thin film was obtained. The experimental platform was built to obtain the displacement difference of different thin film vibration sorting. The simulation experiment was carried out by ADAMS. Compared with the experimental results and simulation results, the correctness of the algorithm was verified. The comparison results show that compared with the experimental results, the average error rate of the sorting displacement difference of different thin films is 3.17%; and compared with the simulation experiment, the average error rate of the motion trajectory calculated by using the single film is 5%, the error is small. The algorithm has small amount of calculation and fast calculation speed. It provides an efficient and reliable calculation method for the follow-up research of waste plastic film vibration sorting technology.
{"title":"Study on vibration sorting of waste plastic film by micro-element trajectory method","authors":"Zongsu Zhang, Qishuo Zhang, Wenjie Mao, Xianlong Chu, Yixing Meng, Qun He, Neng Wang, Xianhai Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2023.103398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2023.103398","url":null,"abstract":"The sorting of waste plastic film can effectively protect the environment, improve energy efficiency, and effectively improve its recycling value. In this paper, a new method for solving the vibration sorting trajectory of waste plastic film, micro-element trajectory method, was proposed. The mathematical model of the thin film vibration was established, the force of the thin film was analyzed, and the motion trajectory of the thin film was obtained. The experimental platform was built to obtain the displacement difference of different thin film vibration sorting. The simulation experiment was carried out by ADAMS. Compared with the experimental results and simulation results, the correctness of the algorithm was verified. The comparison results show that compared with the experimental results, the average error rate of the sorting displacement difference of different thin films is 3.17%; and compared with the simulation experiment, the average error rate of the motion trajectory calculated by using the single film is 5%, the error is small. The algorithm has small amount of calculation and fast calculation speed. It provides an efficient and reliable calculation method for the follow-up research of waste plastic film vibration sorting technology.","PeriodicalId":11899,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology and Innovation","volume":"43 37","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135062414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, the extensive utilization of ofloxacin (OFX) has led to elevated concentration of OFX compound in the aquatic environment. At the same time, the inherent recalcitrance of OFX has presented a formidable challenge for OFX degradation. In this study, lanthanum cerium perovskite (LaCeO3) was prepared by citric acid sol–gel method to activate bisulfite (BS) for the effective degradation of OFX. The results revealed that the LaCeO3/BS system removed 87.5% of OFX within 180 min with a pseudo-first-order kinetic constant of 3 × 10−3 min −1. Radical quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy confirmed that sulfate radicals (SO4•_) and hydroxyl radicals (HO•) were the primary reactive species responsible for OFX removal in LaCeO3/BS system. The reaction mechanism indicated that Ce in LaCeO3/BS system served as the primary active site for BS activation, and a regenerating cycle involving ≡Ce(III)/≡Ce(IV) was present. Additionally, possible intermediate products were identified by a liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer (LC-MS), revealing potential degradation pathways of OFX. Cycle tests and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) data demonstrated the favorable reusability and stability of LaCeO3.
{"title":"Degradation of ofloxacin by lanthanum cerate perovskite activated bisulfite","authors":"Xiangyu Meng, Zhenran Wang, Kerui Li, Yiqing Liu, Dandan Zhao, Yongsheng Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2023.103370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2023.103370","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the extensive utilization of ofloxacin (OFX) has led to elevated concentration of OFX compound in the aquatic environment. At the same time, the inherent recalcitrance of OFX has presented a formidable challenge for OFX degradation. In this study, lanthanum cerium perovskite (LaCeO3) was prepared by citric acid sol–gel method to activate bisulfite (BS) for the effective degradation of OFX. The results revealed that the LaCeO3/BS system removed 87.5% of OFX within 180 min with a pseudo-first-order kinetic constant of 3 × 10−3 min −1. Radical quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy confirmed that sulfate radicals (SO4•_) and hydroxyl radicals (HO•) were the primary reactive species responsible for OFX removal in LaCeO3/BS system. The reaction mechanism indicated that Ce in LaCeO3/BS system served as the primary active site for BS activation, and a regenerating cycle involving ≡Ce(III)/≡Ce(IV) was present. Additionally, possible intermediate products were identified by a liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer (LC-MS), revealing potential degradation pathways of OFX. Cycle tests and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) data demonstrated the favorable reusability and stability of LaCeO3.","PeriodicalId":11899,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology and Innovation","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136307182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2023.103372
Lin Wang, Mingkang Yuan, Huilin Li, Xudong Chen
Reviewing the coupling coordination between urban ecological resilience (UER) and new-type urbanization (NU) has gradually become a necessary condition for understanding the structure and service patterns of urban ecological systems. Discussion on the temporal and spatial coordination evolution in UER and NU in urban agglomerations with different characteristics is beneficial for understanding the operational mechanisms of urban ecosystems. This work constructs a novel evaluation framework for the coupling coordination process between UER and NU, and scientifically measures the performance of each indicator using the entropy method and CRITIC method. By using the coupling coordination degree (CCD) model, this paper explores the spatio-temporal effects of the relationship between UER and NU, which has narrowed the cognitive gap. Using the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle in China as an example, the validity and practicality of the framework are verified. The results show that the CCD between UER and NU generally shows a rapid growth trend with time and tends to be balanced; and the development patterns of CCD in urban agglomerations show significant spatial differences influenced by factors such as location advantage, natural resources, and human social activities. These results and findings can provide decision-making information reference for urban ecological system services, urban livability, and government planning.
{"title":"Exploring the coupling coordination of urban ecological resilience and new-type urbanization: The case of China’s Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle","authors":"Lin Wang, Mingkang Yuan, Huilin Li, Xudong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2023.103372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2023.103372","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewing the coupling coordination between urban ecological resilience (UER) and new-type urbanization (NU) has gradually become a necessary condition for understanding the structure and service patterns of urban ecological systems. Discussion on the temporal and spatial coordination evolution in UER and NU in urban agglomerations with different characteristics is beneficial for understanding the operational mechanisms of urban ecosystems. This work constructs a novel evaluation framework for the coupling coordination process between UER and NU, and scientifically measures the performance of each indicator using the entropy method and CRITIC method. By using the coupling coordination degree (CCD) model, this paper explores the spatio-temporal effects of the relationship between UER and NU, which has narrowed the cognitive gap. Using the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle in China as an example, the validity and practicality of the framework are verified. The results show that the CCD between UER and NU generally shows a rapid growth trend with time and tends to be balanced; and the development patterns of CCD in urban agglomerations show significant spatial differences influenced by factors such as location advantage, natural resources, and human social activities. These results and findings can provide decision-making information reference for urban ecological system services, urban livability, and government planning.","PeriodicalId":11899,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology and Innovation","volume":"797 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136372447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2023.103361
Zhinan Xu, Ziqi Zhang, Si Peng, Yuan Yuan, Xiangrong Wang
Lithium is an emerging contaminant, but there is little knowledge about its influences on soil microbial ecosystem. In this work, soils were treated with 10 to 1280 mg/kg lithium (Li10 to Li1280), and then microbial biomass assay and bacterial 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis were conducted to investigate the influences of lithium on soil microbial biomass, bacterial community structure and diversity, and predicted function potential. The results showed that lithium generally decreased microbial biomass carbon and the count of culturable microbe colony, reflecting the reduction in microbial biomass. However, microbial biomass nitrogen increased. Meanwhile, lithium altered bacterial community composition, structure, and dominance. The abundance of phylum such as Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria respectively increased and reduced under lithium stress, while genus such as Adhaeribacter dominated in control group to Li320, and genus such as Lysobacter dominated in Li640, Li960, and Li1280. Then, higher lithium treatments consistently inhibited the bacterial richness, evenness, and diversity, and caused community dissimilarity between groups and significant down-regulation of predicted pathways. Finally, the LEfSe cladogram distinguished several indicator bacteria for different lithium levels. Overall, the influences of lithium on soil microbial community depended on its content, and microbial biomass and richness were sensitive to lower lithium, while higher lithium varied bacterial community and predicted function potential more significantly. This study will provide microbial insights into understanding lithium contamination.
{"title":"Influences of lithium on soil microbial biomass, bacterial community structure, diversity, and function potential","authors":"Zhinan Xu, Ziqi Zhang, Si Peng, Yuan Yuan, Xiangrong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2023.103361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2023.103361","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium is an emerging contaminant, but there is little knowledge about its influences on soil microbial ecosystem. In this work, soils were treated with 10 to 1280 mg/kg lithium (Li10 to Li1280), and then microbial biomass assay and bacterial 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis were conducted to investigate the influences of lithium on soil microbial biomass, bacterial community structure and diversity, and predicted function potential. The results showed that lithium generally decreased microbial biomass carbon and the count of culturable microbe colony, reflecting the reduction in microbial biomass. However, microbial biomass nitrogen increased. Meanwhile, lithium altered bacterial community composition, structure, and dominance. The abundance of phylum such as Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria respectively increased and reduced under lithium stress, while genus such as Adhaeribacter dominated in control group to Li320, and genus such as Lysobacter dominated in Li640, Li960, and Li1280. Then, higher lithium treatments consistently inhibited the bacterial richness, evenness, and diversity, and caused community dissimilarity between groups and significant down-regulation of predicted pathways. Finally, the LEfSe cladogram distinguished several indicator bacteria for different lithium levels. Overall, the influences of lithium on soil microbial community depended on its content, and microbial biomass and richness were sensitive to lower lithium, while higher lithium varied bacterial community and predicted function potential more significantly. This study will provide microbial insights into understanding lithium contamination.","PeriodicalId":11899,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology and Innovation","volume":"939 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134957079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2023.103433
Jianxiong Yang, Jiajin Li, Zhihang Xiong, Wei Cui, Ran Bi, Ran Liao, Hui Ma
Chlorination treatment is widely used in cyanobacterial blooms to reduce the harmful impact on the aquatic system. However, it is hard to timely monitor the effect of treatment and formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) produced by intracellular organic matter (IOM) may cause second damage to the environment. In this work, we used a conceptual setup to simultaneously measure the polarization and fluorescence parameters (PFPs) from single Microcystis cells for monitoring the continuous process of chlorination. Both the cultured samples and the field-collected samples were firstly treated with different sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) concentrations, and then they were respectively measured by the setup. Results showed that PFPs changed significantly during the chlorination treatment, which had a strong correlation with the concentration of NaClO solution. Based on the machine learning model, the proportions of dead cultured cells in different concentrations (1, 5, and 10 mg/L) grew to 35.59%, 57.10%, and 84.54% respectively after 10 min. Besides, the proportion of dead field-collected cells under chlorination (10 mg/L) for 10 min was 75.11%. Graphs from SEM and TEM revealed that cell membrane damage commonly occurred with the concentration of 10 mg/L NaClO during the same period. The trends of optical density at 680 nm obtained by spectrophotometer decreased as the chlorine concentrations, which agreed with the changes in fluorescence intensity at the low concentrations. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of the setup and PFPs to real-time monitor the chlorination treatment for cyanobacterial blooms in aquatic environments.
{"title":"Real-time monitoring of chlorination treatment in Microcystis cells by simultaneously measuring the polarized light scattering and fluorescence","authors":"Jianxiong Yang, Jiajin Li, Zhihang Xiong, Wei Cui, Ran Bi, Ran Liao, Hui Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2023.103433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2023.103433","url":null,"abstract":"Chlorination treatment is widely used in cyanobacterial blooms to reduce the harmful impact on the aquatic system. However, it is hard to timely monitor the effect of treatment and formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) produced by intracellular organic matter (IOM) may cause second damage to the environment. In this work, we used a conceptual setup to simultaneously measure the polarization and fluorescence parameters (PFPs) from single Microcystis cells for monitoring the continuous process of chlorination. Both the cultured samples and the field-collected samples were firstly treated with different sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) concentrations, and then they were respectively measured by the setup. Results showed that PFPs changed significantly during the chlorination treatment, which had a strong correlation with the concentration of NaClO solution. Based on the machine learning model, the proportions of dead cultured cells in different concentrations (1, 5, and 10 mg/L) grew to 35.59%, 57.10%, and 84.54% respectively after 10 min. Besides, the proportion of dead field-collected cells under chlorination (10 mg/L) for 10 min was 75.11%. Graphs from SEM and TEM revealed that cell membrane damage commonly occurred with the concentration of 10 mg/L NaClO during the same period. The trends of optical density at 680 nm obtained by spectrophotometer decreased as the chlorine concentrations, which agreed with the changes in fluorescence intensity at the low concentrations. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of the setup and PFPs to real-time monitor the chlorination treatment for cyanobacterial blooms in aquatic environments.","PeriodicalId":11899,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology and Innovation","volume":"80 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135371970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently, the increasing amount of plastic waste has raised concerns about microplastics in aquatic environments. In this study, microplastics between 0.1 and 5 mm in samples from different points of three Drinking Water Treatment Plants (DWTP) were separated, quantified, and identified. Staining methods were used in combination with microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. On the one hand, the Rose Bengal dye was used to discriminate between natural and synthetic particles. On the other hand, Nile Red and iDye Pink reagents have been evaluated for staining microplastics, providing them with fluorescence. The nature of the particles is determined by comparison with a series of patterns by means of an epifluorescence microscope. In addition, "Micro Fourier Transform Spectrophotometer " and "Raman Spectroscopy" were used to identify the nature of the particles more accurately. Concerning the results, polyester was the most common material by fluorescence identification, and it was confirmed with Raman spectroscopy. Since most of the particles observed were microfibres, Raman proved to be a better identification technique than μ-FTIR, which could only identify large fragments. In addition, the global elimination of microplastics (MPs) resulted notable in the three DWTPs, being 81.47% for A, 88.98% for B, and 82.27% for C, thus guaranteeing a higher quality of drinking water.
{"title":"Advances in analysis of microplastics in drinking water treatment plants. Fluorescence techniques using iDye Pink","authors":"Pablo Alonso-Vázquez, María-José Lujan-Facundo, Beatriz-Elena Cuartas-Uribe, Amparo Bes-Piá, José-Luis Alonso-Molina, José-Antonio Mendoza-Roca","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2023.103430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2023.103430","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the increasing amount of plastic waste has raised concerns about microplastics in aquatic environments. In this study, microplastics between 0.1 and 5 mm in samples from different points of three Drinking Water Treatment Plants (DWTP) were separated, quantified, and identified. Staining methods were used in combination with microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. On the one hand, the Rose Bengal dye was used to discriminate between natural and synthetic particles. On the other hand, Nile Red and iDye Pink reagents have been evaluated for staining microplastics, providing them with fluorescence. The nature of the particles is determined by comparison with a series of patterns by means of an epifluorescence microscope. In addition, \"Micro Fourier Transform Spectrophotometer \" and \"Raman Spectroscopy\" were used to identify the nature of the particles more accurately. Concerning the results, polyester was the most common material by fluorescence identification, and it was confirmed with Raman spectroscopy. Since most of the particles observed were microfibres, Raman proved to be a better identification technique than μ-FTIR, which could only identify large fragments. In addition, the global elimination of microplastics (MPs) resulted notable in the three DWTPs, being 81.47% for A, 88.98% for B, and 82.27% for C, thus guaranteeing a higher quality of drinking water.","PeriodicalId":11899,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology and Innovation","volume":"83 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135372129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heavy metal exposure increased the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, few studies investigated the effects of heavy metal exposure released by e-waste on coagulation, a risk factor for CVD. We conducted a cross-section study including residents living near and away from e-waste dismantling factories as exposed and reference groups for detecting plasma heavy metal concentrations, fibrinogen, activated coagulation factor X (FXa), and oxidative stress indicators of MDA and 8-isoprostane. We applied linear regression, ridge regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models to estimate the associations between metal concentrations and coagulation. Furthermore, we explored the potential mediating role of oxidative stress. Our results showed that the concentrations of most heavy metals such as Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb and fibrinogen in the exposed group were higher. Combined results of three statistical methods, we found Cd and Pb were associated with increased fibrinogen and FXa. In the linear regression, per one unit increase in log-transformed Cd and Pb was associated with 13.3% and 15.4% increase in fibrinogen, respectively. One unit increment in log-transformed Cd and Pb was associated with 14.2% and 15.6% higher FXa. The results of ridge regression were consistent with the basic linear regression. In the BKMR model, when all metals were at 60th or higher percentiles, the overall effect of the metal mixture was significantly associated with both fibrinogen and FXa compared to their 50th percentile. Increases in Cd and Pb were linked to higher oxidative stress, which potentially mediated the elevated coagulation levels. Our study suggests that exposure to heavy metals may increase coagulation levels and oxidative stress is a potential modulation pathway.
{"title":"Plasma Heavy Metals and Coagulation Levels of Residents in E-waste Recycling Areas","authors":"Rongrong Xu, Jianhao Peng, Puzhen Zhang, Chen Guo, Xieyuan Jiang, Shuai Lu, Yulin Kang, Qiujin Xu, Zhigang Li, Yongjie Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2023.103379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2023.103379","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metal exposure increased the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, few studies investigated the effects of heavy metal exposure released by e-waste on coagulation, a risk factor for CVD. We conducted a cross-section study including residents living near and away from e-waste dismantling factories as exposed and reference groups for detecting plasma heavy metal concentrations, fibrinogen, activated coagulation factor X (FXa), and oxidative stress indicators of MDA and 8-isoprostane. We applied linear regression, ridge regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models to estimate the associations between metal concentrations and coagulation. Furthermore, we explored the potential mediating role of oxidative stress. Our results showed that the concentrations of most heavy metals such as Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb and fibrinogen in the exposed group were higher. Combined results of three statistical methods, we found Cd and Pb were associated with increased fibrinogen and FXa. In the linear regression, per one unit increase in log-transformed Cd and Pb was associated with 13.3% and 15.4% increase in fibrinogen, respectively. One unit increment in log-transformed Cd and Pb was associated with 14.2% and 15.6% higher FXa. The results of ridge regression were consistent with the basic linear regression. In the BKMR model, when all metals were at 60th or higher percentiles, the overall effect of the metal mixture was significantly associated with both fibrinogen and FXa compared to their 50th percentile. Increases in Cd and Pb were linked to higher oxidative stress, which potentially mediated the elevated coagulation levels. Our study suggests that exposure to heavy metals may increase coagulation levels and oxidative stress is a potential modulation pathway.","PeriodicalId":11899,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology and Innovation","volume":"128 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135012291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2023.103403
Rauf Foroutan, Reza Mohammadi, Mohammad Taheri, Amir Ahmadi, Bahman Ramavandi
In the current work, the new heterogeneous nonobiocomposite of g-C3N4/HAp/Fe3O4/K2CO3 was made from chicken bone and melamine and used in biofuel generation from edible waste oil (EWO). FTIR, SEM, Map-EDX, BET, VSM, and XRD techniques confirmed that the catalyst was synthesized. The magnetic saturation number and the BET value of g-C3N4/HAp/Fe3O4/K2CO3 were determined to be 8.89 emu.g-1 and 3.95 m2.g-1, respectively. The impact of temperature, time, catalyst mass, and the ratio of methanol: Oil (MeOH: Oil) on biofuel production was explored using response surface method-central composite design. The maximum yield of biofuel from EWO (98.52%) achieved at contact time of 150 min, temperature of 65 oC, catalyst amount of 3 wt%, and MeOH: Oil ratio of 15:1. Activation energy and k0 for the transesterification process were computed to be 58.91 kJ.mol-1 and 3.24×107 min-1, respectively. The values of ΔH and ΔG were determined positive for the biofuel production process, which indicates that the biofuel production process is exothermic and non-spontaneous. The value of the environmental factor (E) also showed that biofuel production has negligible harmful effects on the environment. The heterogeneous catalyst can be effectively reused many times in the transesterification process. The produced biofuel was in good compliance with famous standards and can serve as a suitable fuel source.
{"title":"Edible waste oil to biofuel using reclaimable g-C3N4/HAp/Fe3O4/K2CO3 nanobiocomposite catalyst: Toxicity evaluation and optimization","authors":"Rauf Foroutan, Reza Mohammadi, Mohammad Taheri, Amir Ahmadi, Bahman Ramavandi","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2023.103403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2023.103403","url":null,"abstract":"In the current work, the new heterogeneous nonobiocomposite of g-C3N4/HAp/Fe3O4/K2CO3 was made from chicken bone and melamine and used in biofuel generation from edible waste oil (EWO). FTIR, SEM, Map-EDX, BET, VSM, and XRD techniques confirmed that the catalyst was synthesized. The magnetic saturation number and the BET value of g-C3N4/HAp/Fe3O4/K2CO3 were determined to be 8.89 emu.g-1 and 3.95 m2.g-1, respectively. The impact of temperature, time, catalyst mass, and the ratio of methanol: Oil (MeOH: Oil) on biofuel production was explored using response surface method-central composite design. The maximum yield of biofuel from EWO (98.52%) achieved at contact time of 150 min, temperature of 65 oC, catalyst amount of 3 wt%, and MeOH: Oil ratio of 15:1. Activation energy and k0 for the transesterification process were computed to be 58.91 kJ.mol-1 and 3.24×107 min-1, respectively. The values of ΔH and ΔG were determined positive for the biofuel production process, which indicates that the biofuel production process is exothermic and non-spontaneous. The value of the environmental factor (E) also showed that biofuel production has negligible harmful effects on the environment. The heterogeneous catalyst can be effectively reused many times in the transesterification process. The produced biofuel was in good compliance with famous standards and can serve as a suitable fuel source.","PeriodicalId":11899,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology and Innovation","volume":"43 20","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135062418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study describes the production of pollutants, energy recovery and environmental impact of the co-incineration of sewage sludge and biomass pellets. The main objective of this study is to describe the use of energy generated by co-incineration and to assess the environmental impact of emitted pollutants. Co-incineration takes place in five different blended. The combustion takes place in a fluidised bed reactor with an average combustion temperature of 915–939 °C. The combustion process is mapped by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Continuous Mercury Monitoring Systems, thermocouples, pressures, and flows sensors. The results show that the concentrations of harmful substances, namely SO2 and NOX, reach values of 12.39–1730.33 mg∙m–3N for SO2 and 93.30–1156 mg∙m–3N for NOX. This means that the emission limits are exceeded 40 times for SO2 and 8 times for NOX in the worst case. Regarding heat recovery, the resulting value of potential energy recovery from the flue gas is 5.35–7.69 MJ∙kg–1, and as the sewage sludge content in the fuel increases, the heat recovery value decreases. The resulting values of pollutant concentrations are also analyzed using a life cycle assessment approach using the GaBi software. The results show that sewage sludge incineration has the greatest impact on climate change, terrestrial ecotoxicity, and human toxicity. Again, as the sewage sludge content in the fuel decreases, the hazardousness of the discharged flue gas decreases. This study presents a relatively promising option to use sewage sludge as a secondary fuel in large combustion sources under certain conditions.
{"title":"Pollutants production, energy recovery and environmental impact of sewage sludge co-incineration with biomass pellets","authors":"JADLOVEC Marek, VÝTISK Jan, HONUS Stanislav, POSPIŠILÍK Václav, BASSEL Nesser","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2023.103400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2023.103400","url":null,"abstract":"This study describes the production of pollutants, energy recovery and environmental impact of the co-incineration of sewage sludge and biomass pellets. The main objective of this study is to describe the use of energy generated by co-incineration and to assess the environmental impact of emitted pollutants. Co-incineration takes place in five different blended. The combustion takes place in a fluidised bed reactor with an average combustion temperature of 915–939 °C. The combustion process is mapped by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Continuous Mercury Monitoring Systems, thermocouples, pressures, and flows sensors. The results show that the concentrations of harmful substances, namely SO2 and NOX, reach values of 12.39–1730.33 mg∙m–3N for SO2 and 93.30–1156 mg∙m–3N for NOX. This means that the emission limits are exceeded 40 times for SO2 and 8 times for NOX in the worst case. Regarding heat recovery, the resulting value of potential energy recovery from the flue gas is 5.35–7.69 MJ∙kg–1, and as the sewage sludge content in the fuel increases, the heat recovery value decreases. The resulting values of pollutant concentrations are also analyzed using a life cycle assessment approach using the GaBi software. The results show that sewage sludge incineration has the greatest impact on climate change, terrestrial ecotoxicity, and human toxicity. Again, as the sewage sludge content in the fuel decreases, the hazardousness of the discharged flue gas decreases. This study presents a relatively promising option to use sewage sludge as a secondary fuel in large combustion sources under certain conditions.","PeriodicalId":11899,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology and Innovation","volume":"60 43","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135062590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2023.103434
Iqra Irfan, Muhammad Ali Inam, Waleed Usmani, Rashid Iftikhar, Zaib Jahan
In recent years, the removal and recovery of phosphate (PO43−) from freshwater reservoirs using carbonaceous adsorbents has received much attention to address eutrophication issues and plant phosphate requirements. The viability of FeCl3 impregnated biochar (Fe@CBC) synthesized via co-pyrolysis of wheat straw (WS) and sewage sludge (SS) for phosphate removal from water under systematically designed sorption experiments and its subsequent potential as phosphatic fertilizer for improving plant growth, was thoroughly investigated in this study. The relatively higher PO43− sorption performance of Fe@CBC (5.23 mg/g) compared to FeCl3 impregnated biochars (Fe@WBC: 4.16 mg/g and Fe@SBC: 5.14 mg/g) synthesized via separate pyrolysis of WS and SS were primarily ascribed to the nano porous structure, higher point of zero charge (pHpzc) and enriched iron complexes on its surface (Fe-OH and FeC). Consequently, dominant sorption mechanism of PO43− ions towards Fe@WBC was associated to ligand exchange and chemisorption whereas that of Fe@SBC and Fe@CBC was identified as electrostatic surface complexation coupled with reduction. In comparison to Fe@WBC and Fe@SBC, the surface properties and identified phenomenon allowed Fe@CBC to efficiently recover PO43− ions under optimal water chemistry conditions and coexisting interfering species environment. Additionally, PO43- -sorbed Fe@CBC effectively improved the physical growth (root length: 2 cm, shoot length: 9 cm, fresh weight: 79 mg and dry weight: 8.3 mg) of mustard plants. Economic analysis suggested profit of PO43- removal and recovery by Fe@CBC was $1.5 per kg. Therefore, PO43- -sorbed Fe@CBC could be a promising phosphatic fertilizer for improving plant growth and may have agricultural applications.
{"title":"Adsorptive recovery of phosphate using iron functionalized biochar prepared via co-pyrolysis of wheat straw and sewage sludge","authors":"Iqra Irfan, Muhammad Ali Inam, Waleed Usmani, Rashid Iftikhar, Zaib Jahan","doi":"10.1016/j.eti.2023.103434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2023.103434","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the removal and recovery of phosphate (PO43−) from freshwater reservoirs using carbonaceous adsorbents has received much attention to address eutrophication issues and plant phosphate requirements. The viability of FeCl3 impregnated biochar (Fe@CBC) synthesized via co-pyrolysis of wheat straw (WS) and sewage sludge (SS) for phosphate removal from water under systematically designed sorption experiments and its subsequent potential as phosphatic fertilizer for improving plant growth, was thoroughly investigated in this study. The relatively higher PO43− sorption performance of Fe@CBC (5.23 mg/g) compared to FeCl3 impregnated biochars (Fe@WBC: 4.16 mg/g and Fe@SBC: 5.14 mg/g) synthesized via separate pyrolysis of WS and SS were primarily ascribed to the nano porous structure, higher point of zero charge (pHpzc) and enriched iron complexes on its surface (Fe-OH and FeC). Consequently, dominant sorption mechanism of PO43− ions towards Fe@WBC was associated to ligand exchange and chemisorption whereas that of Fe@SBC and Fe@CBC was identified as electrostatic surface complexation coupled with reduction. In comparison to Fe@WBC and Fe@SBC, the surface properties and identified phenomenon allowed Fe@CBC to efficiently recover PO43− ions under optimal water chemistry conditions and coexisting interfering species environment. Additionally, PO43- -sorbed Fe@CBC effectively improved the physical growth (root length: 2 cm, shoot length: 9 cm, fresh weight: 79 mg and dry weight: 8.3 mg) of mustard plants. Economic analysis suggested profit of PO43- removal and recovery by Fe@CBC was $1.5 per kg. Therefore, PO43- -sorbed Fe@CBC could be a promising phosphatic fertilizer for improving plant growth and may have agricultural applications.","PeriodicalId":11899,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology and Innovation","volume":"14 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135412566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：