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Modelling Flight Delays in the Presence of Class Imbalance 存在舱位不平衡的航班延误建模
Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.1145/3299819.3299847
Y. E. Tan, Kai Sheng Teong, Mehlam Shabbir, Lee Kien Foo, Sook-Ling Chua
Flight delay is one of the common problems faced by many air passengers. Delays in flights not only bring about inconvenience to passengers, but also cost the airlines. To streamline travel experience, airlines have been leveraging on data analytics to predict flight delays. Although many prediction models have been proposed, they perform poorly especially on data that have imbalanced class distributions. Often, these models pay less attention to the minority 'delay' class, which are usually more relevant and important. In this paper, we address the issue of imbalanced class distributions to improve the overall classification performance in predicting flight delays. We validated our approach on a public airline on-time performance dataset.
航班延误是许多航空旅客面临的常见问题之一。航班延误不仅给乘客带来不便,而且给航空公司带来了巨大的损失。为了简化旅行体验,航空公司一直在利用数据分析来预测航班延误。尽管已经提出了许多预测模型,但它们在类分布不平衡的数据上表现不佳。通常,这些模型不太关注少数“延迟”类,而这类通常更相关、更重要。在本文中,我们解决了类分布不平衡的问题,以提高预测航班延误的整体分类性能。我们在一个公共航空公司的准点率数据集上验证了我们的方法。
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引用次数: 1
A Fault Diagnosis and Maintenance Decision System for Production Line Based on Human-machine Multi- Information Fusion 基于人机多信息融合的生产线故障诊断与维修决策系统
Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.1145/3299819.3299824
Zhao-Hui Sun, Renjun Liu, X. Ming
In this paper, we describe the importance of the operation and maintenance in manufacturing systems for Manufacturing Enterprises. Through the mining of enterprise fault detection information by data mining method, we obtain the probability of machine failure. The importance of each machine in the manufacturing system is evaluated by the FUZZY FMEA method, and the importance information of the machine is obtained. Moreover, based on the D-S evidence theory, the contradictory and conflict information is merged in this paper, and a machine fault operation and maintenance decision-making system based on human-machine multi-information fusion is constructed. The feasibility of the decision-making system is verified by industrial case.
本文阐述了制造系统运维对制造企业的重要性。通过数据挖掘方法对企业故障检测信息进行挖掘,得到机器故障的概率。采用模糊FMEA方法对制造系统中各机械的重要性进行评价,得到各机械的重要性信息。此外,基于D-S证据理论,将矛盾和冲突信息进行融合,构建了基于人机多信息融合的机器故障运维决策系统。通过工业实例验证了该决策系统的可行性。
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引用次数: 6
An Android Malware Detection Method Based on Deep AutoEncoder 基于深度自动编码器的Android恶意软件检测方法
Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.1145/3299819.3299834
Nengqiang He, Tianqi Wang, Pingyang Chen, Hanbing Yan, Z. Jin
With the emergence of various Android malwares, many detection algorithms based on machine learning have been proposed to minimize their threat. However, those still have many shortcomings for detecting the emerging Android malware, thus some deep learning algorithms have already been applied to Android malware detection, but to the best of our knowledge deep AutoEncoder has not yet. In this paper, an Android malware detection method based on deep AutoEncoder is proposed, where a specify AutoEncoder structure is designed to reduce the dimension of feature vectors which are extracted and converted from APK, and the logistic regression model is also applied to learn and classify the Android applications to be normal or not. The experimental results show the recall rate and F1 value of our proposal can respectively reach 0.93 and 0.643, which perform better than other three similar models.
随着各种Android恶意软件的出现,人们提出了许多基于机器学习的检测算法来最小化其威胁。然而,这些算法在检测新兴的Android恶意软件方面仍然存在许多不足,因此一些深度学习算法已经应用于Android恶意软件检测,但据我们所知,深度AutoEncoder尚未应用于Android恶意软件检测。本文提出了一种基于深度AutoEncoder的Android恶意软件检测方法,设计了一种特定的AutoEncoder结构,对从APK中提取并转换的特征向量进行降维,并采用逻辑回归模型对Android应用进行学习和分类。实验结果表明,该方法的召回率和F1值分别达到0.93和0.643,优于其他三种同类模型。
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引用次数: 13
Early Abnormal Heartbeat Multistage Classification by using Decision Tree and K-Nearest Neighbor 基于决策树和k近邻的早期异常心跳多阶段分类
Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.1145/3299819.3299848
Mohamad Sabri bin Sinal, E. Kamioka
Heart diseases contribute to the highest cause of death around the world particularly for middle aged and elderly people. There are various types of heart disease symptoms. One of the most common types is Arrhythmia which is considered as a dangerous heart condition since the symptom itself may initiate more chronic heart diseases and result in death if it is not treated earlier. However, the detection of Arrhythmia by humans is regarded as a challenging task because the natures of the symptom appear at random times. Therefore, an automatic detection method of abnormal heartbeat in ECG (electrocardiogram) data is needed to overcome the issue. In this paper, a novel multistage classification approach using K-Nearest Neighbor and decision tree of the 3 segments in the ECG cycle is proposed to detect Arrhythmia heartbeat from the early minute of ECG data. Specific attributes based on feature extraction in each heartbeat are used to classify the Normal Sinus Rhythm and Arrhythmia. The experimental result shows that the proposed multistage classification approach is able to detect the Arrhythmia heartbeat with 90.6% accuracy for the P and the Q peak segments, 91.1% accuracy for the Q, R and S peak segments and lastly, 97.7% accuracy for the S and the T peak segments, outperforming the other data mining techniques.
心脏病是世界上导致死亡的最高原因,特别是对中老年人而言。心脏病的症状有很多种。最常见的类型之一是心律失常,它被认为是一种危险的心脏病,因为症状本身可能引发更多的慢性心脏病,如果不及早治疗,可能导致死亡。然而,人类对心律失常的检测被认为是一项具有挑战性的任务,因为症状的性质是随机出现的。因此,需要一种自动检测ECG (electrocardiogram)数据中异常心跳的方法来解决这个问题。本文提出了一种基于k近邻和心电周期3段决策树的多阶段分类方法,从心电数据的前分钟开始检测心律失常。基于每次心跳特征提取的特定属性,对正常窦性心律和心律失常进行分类。实验结果表明,所提出的多阶段分类方法对心律失常的检测准确率为90.6%,对Q、R、S峰段的准确率为91.1%,对S、T峰段的准确率为97.7%,优于其他数据挖掘技术。
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引用次数: 1
Microblog Mood Predicts the Box Office Performance 微博情绪预测票房
Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.1145/3299819.3299839
Xiaoyang Qiu, T. Tang
Zhan Lang 2 (Wolf Warrior 2), an action movie directed and acted by Wu Jing, won a huge success in the Chinese film market in 2017. Its earned 5.6 billion yuan in the box office, become the biggest film of all time in China. The discussion of the movie on social media plays an indispensable role in influencing the box office performance. This study aims to predict movie box office performance based on affective computation on the related feeds on social media. Since the research on Chinese sentiment analysis is limited, and the accuracy of the analysis highly depends on the context, this study proposes to combine topic's hotness degree with emotion score to improve the accuracy of the prediction. Based on 16,496,675 related Sina Weibo feeds and Douban movie reviews in a restricted time zone, with the prediction algorithm proposed in the paper, the prediction result yields an R2=95.71%. Which means the success of Zhan Lang 2 is utterly predictable.
2017年,吴京自导自演的动作片《战狼2》在中国电影市场取得了巨大成功。它获得了56亿元的票房收入,成为中国有史以来票房最高的电影。在社交媒体上对电影的讨论对票房的影响是不可或缺的。本研究旨在基于社交媒体上相关feed的情感计算来预测电影票房表现。由于中文情感分析的研究有限,分析的准确性高度依赖于语境,本研究提出将话题的火热程度与情感得分相结合,以提高预测的准确性。基于限定时区内的16496675条相关新浪微博推送和豆瓣影评,采用本文提出的预测算法,预测结果R2=95.71%。这意味着“战浪2号”的成功是完全可以预测的。
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引用次数: 1
Smart Mirror Design Powered by Raspberry PI 智能镜子设计由树莓派供电
Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.1145/3299819.3299840
A. Mohamed, M. Wahab, S. S. Suhaily, Darshan Babu L. Arasu
The smart mirror projects consisting of observable mirror, microcontroller, camera and PC monitor. Existing smart projects are limited with features available and only displaying information based on command receiving directly from the user. To make this mirror to be smarter, artificial intelligence are added in this project. Facial expression detection will be implemented so that smart mirror is able to interact with user and recognize changes of the facial muscle. By accordingly to their expression, smart mirror will make decision to display related information. Only recognized user can utilize this smart mirror via face recognition. At end of the project, a working smart mirror is expected and have ability to become one of these connected devices in our households.
智能镜子项目由可观察镜、单片机、摄像头和PC监视器组成。现有的智能项目功能有限,只能根据直接从用户接收的命令显示信息。为了让这面镜子变得更智能,我们在这个项目中加入了人工智能。实现面部表情检测,使智能镜子能够与用户交互,识别面部肌肉的变化。根据他们的表情,智能镜子会决定显示相关信息。只有经过识别的用户才能通过面部识别使用这面智能镜子。在项目结束时,预计会有一个工作的智能镜子,并有能力成为我们家庭中的连接设备之一。
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引用次数: 11
An Orchestration Framework for a Global Multi-Cloud 面向全局多云的编排框架
Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.1145/3299819.3299823
Ming Lu, Lijuan Wang, Youyan Wang, Zhicheng Fan, Yatong Feng, Xiaodong Liu, Xiaofang Zhao
Orchestration management in a global multi-cloud environment encounters many challenges, such as the centralized management of global cloud computing and application resources, more diverse cloud platforms and APIs, differentiated service catalogs. Network latency and instability between cloud platforms in various countries and accessibility between data centers of different security levels also makes orchestration not easy to manage. Orchestration tools, such as Ansible[1], has high requirements for many server ports and network quality. In a complex network environment, SaltStack[2] or Puppet[3], cannot deal with the multi-cloud management of large-scale computing and storage resource nodes. Apache Ambari[4], for applications that run on different cloud computing service providers, it lacks effective management capabilities. Therefore, it is difficult for common orchestration management tools to overcome these problems. In this paper, we propose a global multi-cloud orchestration framework (MCOF), which converts the orchestration instructions initiated from the MCOF master into a standardized orchestration definition model that is distributed to the MCOF workers inside each data center through the message queue. Then the MCOF workers perform the orchestration activities suitable for the corresponding cloud service provider behind the data center firewall to adapt to the complex cloud platform operating environment, and achieve standardization, efficiency, quality, reliability, and traceable orchestration management.
全球多云环境下的业务流程管理面临着全球云计算和应用资源集中管理、云平台和api更加多样化、服务目录差异化等诸多挑战。各国云平台之间的网络延迟和不稳定性以及不同安全级别的数据中心之间的可访问性也使得编排不容易管理。业务流程工具(如Ansible[1])对服务器端口和网络质量要求较高。在复杂网络环境下,SaltStack[2]或Puppet[3]无法处理大规模计算和存储资源节点的多云管理。对于运行在不同云计算服务提供商上的应用程序,Apache Ambari[4]缺乏有效的管理能力。因此,普通的编排管理工具很难克服这些问题。在本文中,我们提出了一个全局多云编排框架(MCOF),它将从MCOF主站发起的编排指令转换为标准化的编排定义模型,该模型通过消息队列分发给每个数据中心内的MCOF工作人员。然后由MCOF工作人员在数据中心防火墙后执行适合相应云服务提供商的编排活动,以适应复杂的云平台运行环境,实现标准化、高效、优质、可靠、可追溯的编排管理。
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引用次数: 1
Image Classification for Vehicle Type Dataset Using State-of-the-art Convolutional Neural Network Architecture 基于卷积神经网络架构的车辆类型数据集图像分类
Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.1145/3299819.3299822
Yian Seo, K. Shin
Fast development in Deep Learning and its hybrid methodologies has led diverse applications in different domains. For image classification tasks in vehicle related fields, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is mostly chosen for recent usages. To train the CNN classifier, various vehicle image datasets are used, however, most of previous studies have learned features from datasets with a single form of images taken in the controlled condition such as surveillance camera vehicle image dataset from the same road, which results the classifier cannot guarantee the generalization of the model onto different forms of vehicle images. In addition, most of researches using CNN have used LeNet, GoogLeNet, or VGGNet for their main architecture. In this study, we perform vehicle type (convertible, coupe, crossover, sedan, SUV, truck, and van) classification and we use our own collected dataset with vehicle images taken in different angles and backgrounds to ensure the generalization and adaptability of proposed classifier. Moreover, we use the state-of-the-art CNN architecture, NASNet, which is a hybrid CNN architecture having Recurrent Neural Network structure trained by Reinforcement Learning to find optimal architecture. After 10 folded experiments, the average final test accuracy points 83%, and on the additional evaluation with random query images, the proposed model achieves accurate classification.
深度学习及其混合方法的快速发展已经在不同的领域得到了广泛的应用。对于车辆相关领域的图像分类任务,卷积神经网络(CNN)是目前常用的分类方法。为了训练CNN分类器,使用了各种各样的车辆图像数据集,然而,以往的研究大多是从受控条件下拍摄的单一形式图像的数据集学习特征,例如来自同一道路的监控摄像头车辆图像数据集,这导致分类器不能保证模型泛化到不同形式的车辆图像上。此外,大多数使用CNN的研究都使用LeNet、GoogLeNet或VGGNet作为其主要架构。在本研究中,我们进行了车型(敞篷车、轿跑车、跨界车、轿车、SUV、卡车和面包车)分类,并使用我们自己收集的数据集和不同角度和背景的车辆图像,以确保所提出分类器的泛化和适应性。此外,我们使用了最先进的CNN架构NASNet,这是一种混合CNN架构,具有通过强化学习训练的递归神经网络结构,以找到最优架构。经过10次折叠实验,最终测试的平均准确率为83%,在随机查询图像的附加评价上,该模型达到了准确的分类效果。
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引用次数: 2
Risk Assessment for Big Data in Cloud: Security, Privacy and Trust 云环境下大数据的风险评估:安全、隐私与信任
Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.1145/3299819.3299841
Hazirah Bee bt Yusof Ali, Lili Marziana Abdullah, M. Kartiwi, Azlin Nordin
The alarming rate of big data usage in the cloud makes data exposed easily. Cloud which consists of many servers linked to each other is used for data storage. Having owned by third parties, the security of the cloud needs to be looked at. Risks of storing data in cloud need to be checked further on the severity level. There should be a way to access the risks. Thus, the objective of this paper is to use SLR so that we can have extensive background of literatures on risk assessment for big data in cloud computing environment from the perspective of security, privacy and trust.
云中的大数据使用速度惊人,使得数据容易暴露。云由许多相互连接的服务器组成,用于数据存储。由于由第三方拥有,云的安全性需要得到关注。在云中存储数据的风险需要在严重程度上进一步检查。应该有一种进入风险的方式。因此,本文的目的是使用单反,以便我们从安全、隐私和信任的角度对云计算环境下的大数据风险评估有广泛的文献背景。
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引用次数: 2
A Platform for Dynamic Optimal Nurse Scheduling Based on Integer Linear Programming along with Multiple Criteria Constraints 基于多准则约束的整数线性规划动态优化护士调度平台
Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.1145/3299819.3299825
Te-Wei Ho, Jia-Sheng Yao, Yao-Ting Chang, F. Lai, Jui-Fen Lai, Sue-Min Chu, Wan-Chung Liao, Han-Mo Chiu
Nurse rostering is a critical issue in hospitals around the world. With multiple constraints that must be considered to ensure job satisfaction, nurse scheduling usually poses a heavy financial burden on human resources with limited available staff resources. Managers also need to reproduce the roster of duties for the nursing staff. In addition, the staff allocation should be based on the visit number of patients. Hence, to address this issue, we implemented an automatic mechanism of nurse scheduling based on integer linear programing, along with multiple criteria constraints, which are suitable for real-world practice, and users can configure conditions for tasks and nurses as constraints in the integer linear programing. Finally, the platform could assign 36 staff members to 23 stations based on the proposed dynamic optimal algorithm following 20 stringent constraints in 0.5 second. Moreover, the specific manipulation shifts of scheduling on the platform is easy and can be automatically computed in minimum time. Compared with the manual scheduling, the proposed automatic mechanism could perform the scheduling task quickly and fairly. Most importantly, the platform is adequately reliable to decrease the burden for scheduling.
护士名册是世界各地医院的一个关键问题。为了确保工作满意度,必须考虑多种约束条件,护士调度通常会对人力资源造成沉重的经济负担,而现有的人力资源有限。管理人员还需要为护理人员复制职责名册。此外,工作人员的分配应根据患者的就诊人数。因此,为了解决这一问题,我们实现了一种基于整数线性规划的护士调度自动机制,以及适合实际实践的多个标准约束,并且用户可以在整数线性规划中配置任务和护士的条件作为约束。最后,基于所提出的动态优化算法,在0.5秒内通过20个严格的约束条件,将36名工作人员分配到23个站点。此外,平台调度的具体操作班次容易,可以在最短的时间内自动计算。与人工调度相比,所提出的自动调度机制能够快速、公平地完成调度任务。最重要的是,该平台足够可靠,可以减少调度负担。
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引用次数: 1
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Artificial Intelligence and Cloud Computing Conference
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