This paper reports findings from a survey of 1,008 Finnish small-and-medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) on their business outlook and financing alternatives during the COVID-19 crisis as of June 2020. Sales have dropped by an average of 25%. The decline in revenues is generally uncorrelated with the number of coronavirus cases in a municipality, except in the hospitality industry and the arts, entertainment and recreation industry. 54% of respondents have applied for public subsidies, while only 16% have applied for a new loan from the bank. Across the cross-section of firms, firms reporting a larger loss of revenues and with a more precarious financial position at the end of 2019 (high debt and/or low cash) were more likely to apply for both direct grants as well as loans.
{"title":"Business Outlook and Financing Alternatives of Finnish Entrepreneurs During the COVID-19 Crisis","authors":"Mikael Paaso, Vesa Pursiainen, Sami Torstila","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3779212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3779212","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports findings from a survey of 1,008 Finnish small-and-medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) on their business outlook and financing alternatives during the COVID-19 crisis as of June 2020. Sales have dropped by an average of 25%. The decline in revenues is generally uncorrelated with the number of coronavirus cases in a municipality, except in the hospitality industry and the arts, entertainment and recreation industry. 54% of respondents have applied for public subsidies, while only 16% have applied for a new loan from the bank. Across the cross-section of firms, firms reporting a larger loss of revenues and with a more precarious financial position at the end of 2019 (high debt and/or low cash) were more likely to apply for both direct grants as well as loans.","PeriodicalId":119392,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Small Business Subsidies","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120953897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The authors develop a search model of venture capital in which the number of successful matches of entrepreneurs and venture capitalists (VCs) at any moment in time is a function of the number of entrepreneurs searching for funds, the number of VCs searching for entrepreneurs, and the number of vacancies posted by each VC. The authors extend the literature by incorporating search unemployment and they explicitly model the occupational choice of individuals to become workers or entrepreneurs. Their analysis shows that, in the market equilibrium, the level of advice VCs offer is inefficiently low compared with the social optimum. Furthermore, the number of vacancies, the level of employment, and the number of potential entrepreneurs are generally either too low or too high relative to their socially optimal level. Policy to achieve the social optimum consists of a capital gains subsidy, an employment tax or subsidy, and an investment tax or subsidy.
{"title":"A Search Model of Venture Capital, Entrepreneurship, and Unemployment","authors":"R. Boadway, Oana Secrieru, M. Vigneault","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.744105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.744105","url":null,"abstract":"The authors develop a search model of venture capital in which the number of successful matches of entrepreneurs and venture capitalists (VCs) at any moment in time is a function of the number of entrepreneurs searching for funds, the number of VCs searching for entrepreneurs, and the number of vacancies posted by each VC. The authors extend the literature by incorporating search unemployment and they explicitly model the occupational choice of individuals to become workers or entrepreneurs. Their analysis shows that, in the market equilibrium, the level of advice VCs offer is inefficiently low compared with the social optimum. Furthermore, the number of vacancies, the level of employment, and the number of potential entrepreneurs are generally either too low or too high relative to their socially optimal level. Policy to achieve the social optimum consists of a capital gains subsidy, an employment tax or subsidy, and an investment tax or subsidy.","PeriodicalId":119392,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Small Business Subsidies","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125719774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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