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Using Archives of Past Floods to Estimate Future Flood Hazards 利用历史洪水档案估算未来洪水灾害
Pub Date : 2017-01-13 DOI: 10.1029/2017EO066221
T. Swierczynski, M. Ionita, D. Pino
Worldwide, floods cause greater economic damage and loss of human life than any other type of natural disaster. We urgently need better assessments of flood hazards to reduce the societal impact of extreme floods caused by Earth’s rapidly changing climate, among other factors. One way of assessing flood hazards is to examine past floods using the records provided by hydrological instruments. We can extend this knowledge back through the Holocene period or beyond using historical documents and natural archives (including alluvial, marine, and lake sediments; tree rings; and cave formations). These extended records can provide valuable information about long-term flood trends.
在世界范围内,洪水造成的经济损失和人命损失比任何其他类型的自然灾害都要大。我们迫切需要更好地评估洪水灾害,以减少地球快速变化的气候等因素造成的极端洪水对社会的影响。评估洪水灾害的一种方法是利用水文仪器提供的记录来检查过去的洪水。我们可以利用历史文献和自然档案(包括冲积物、海洋和湖泊沉积物)将这些知识追溯到全新世或更早的时期;树的年轮;以及洞穴构造)。这些扩展的记录可以提供有关长期洪水趋势的宝贵信息。
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引用次数: 6
Why we must tie satellite positioning to tide gauge data 为什么我们必须将卫星定位与潮汐计数据联系起来
Pub Date : 2017-01-03 DOI: 10.1029/2017EO064037
P. Woodworth, G. Woppelmann, M. Marcos, M. Gravelle, R. Bingley
Accurate measurements of changes in sea and land levels with location and time require making precise, repeated geodetic ties between tide gauges and satellite positioning system equipment.
要准确测量海平面和陆地水位随地点和时间的变化,就需要在潮汐计和卫星定位系统设备之间建立精确的、重复的大地测量联系。
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引用次数: 20
Marine Applications for a Promising New Spectroscopic Method 一种有前途的新光谱方法的海洋应用
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1029/2015EO040395
G. Friedrichs, A. Schneider, H. Bange
International Workshop: Applications and Perspectives of Cavity Enhanced Optical Detection Techniques in Ocean Sciences; Kiel, Germany, 20–21 April 2015
国际研讨会:腔增强光学探测技术在海洋科学中的应用与展望2015年4月20日至21日,德国基尔
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引用次数: 0
Climate, land use, and conflict in Northern Africa 北非的气候、土地利用和冲突
Pub Date : 2015-01-15 DOI: 10.1029/2014EO021331
M. Claussen, J. Scheffran, Tim Bruecher
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引用次数: 3
Building sandbars in the Grand Canyon 在大峡谷建造沙洲
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1029/2015EO030349
P. Grams, J. Schmidt, S. Wright, D. Topping, T. Melis, D. Rubin
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引用次数: 34
The Dawn of a New Eos 新Eos的黎明
Pub Date : 2014-12-23 DOI: 10.1002/2014EO510001
Barbara T. Richman

Today's Eos marks a historic pivot point in the publication's history: After 35 years as a weekly newspaper, this is the last tabloid issue.

今天的《Eos》标志着该刊物历史上的一个历史性转折点:在作为周报发行了35年之后,这是最后一期小报。
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引用次数: 0
Circulation a key factor in Mediterranean algal growth 循环是地中海藻类生长的关键因素
Pub Date : 2014-12-23 DOI: 10.1002/2014EO510007
Jessica Orwig

The early appearance of nitrate in December appears to have been the driving force for favorable conditions for algal blooms in the Mediterranean, a new study indicates. To better understand the role of nutrients' availability to enable the growth of phytoplankton in temperate seas, D'Ortenzio et al. installed nitrate concentration sensors on two profiling floats in the northwestern Mediterranean basin in summer 2011. Each spring, the phytoplankton in this basin rapidly grow to form a bloom that blankets the surface and contributes to the transport of carbon from the atmosphere to the deep ocean. Scientists are still unsure exactly what produces the conditions for these blooms, but they know that the availability of nutrients, induced by large-scale circulation in the oceans, during the winter is a factor.

一项新的研究表明,12月份硝酸盐的提早出现似乎是地中海藻类大量繁殖的有利条件的驱动力。为了更好地了解营养物质的可用性对温带海洋浮游植物生长的作用,D' ortenzio等人于2011年夏季在地中海西北部盆地的两个剖面浮标上安装了硝酸盐浓度传感器。每年春天,这个盆地里的浮游植物迅速生长,形成覆盖表面的水华,并有助于将大气中的碳输送到深海。科学家们仍然不确定是什么造成了这些水华,但他们知道,冬季海洋中大规模环流引起的营养物质的可用性是一个因素。
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引用次数: 0
POSITIONS AVAILABLE 可用的位置
Pub Date : 2014-12-23 DOI: 10.1002/2014EO510010
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引用次数: 0
Elders Recall an Earlier Tsunami on Indian Ocean Shores 老人回忆起早些时候印度洋海岸发生的海啸
Pub Date : 2014-12-23 DOI: 10.1002/2014EO510002
Din Mohammad Kakar, Ghazala Naeem, Abdullah Usman, Haider Hasan, Hira Ashfaq Lohdi, Seshachalam Srinivasalu, Vanessa Andrade, C. P. Rajendran, Abdolmajid Naderi Beni, Mohammad Ali Hamzeh, Goesta Hoffmann, Noora Al Balushi, Nora Gale, Ardito M. Kodijat, Hermann M. Fritz, Brian F. Atwater

Ten years later, the Indian Ocean tsunami of 26 December 2004 still looms large in efforts to reduce tsunami risk. The disaster has spurred worldwide advances in tsunami detection and warning, risk assessment, and awareness [Satake, 2014].

十年后的今天,2004年12月26日的印度洋海啸对减少海啸风险的努力仍然十分重要。这场灾难促使全世界在海啸探测和预警、风险评估和意识方面取得了进展[Satake, 2014]。
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引用次数: 9
Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union Volume 95, Number 51, 23 December 2014 Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union卷95,第51期,2014年12月23日
Pub Date : 2014-12-23 DOI: 10.1002/2014EO51
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引用次数: 0
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