Maize (Zea mays) is one of the world's three major food crops but sensitive to salinity at the seedling stage. Salinity/salt stress usually occurs due to gradually increased NaCl or under sudden exposure to NaCl, of which the latter is called salt shock (SS). However, little is known about physio-biochemical responses of maize to SS at the whole-plant level. The purpose of this study was to characterize the physio-biochemical response events of maize under SS. The experiments were conducted with four maize foundation parent inbred lines of Huangzao4, Chang7-2, Zheng58 and Ye478 under 150 mM NaCl for SS and after removal of SS in the nutrient solutions. The main findings were that the maize lines had no clear phase-order-response to SS, which suffered from the combined effects of osmotic stress, water deficiency, and Na+ accumulation-induced toxicity once SS occurred, and that SS-tolerant maize lines showed (1) timely increased activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT and APX) and stronger superoxide anion radical-mediated signalling in roots at the beginning of SS, (2) a slow Na+ transport rate from roots to shoots especially in the early SS stage, and (3) opening of leaf stomata, and fine cell membrane integrity during SS. The related mechanisms of SS tolerance of maize were proposed and discussed.
玉米(Zea mays)是世界三大粮食作物之一，但在苗期对盐分敏感。盐盐胁迫通常是由于NaCl逐渐升高或突然暴露在NaCl环境下而发生的，后者称为盐休克(salt shock, SS)。然而，在整个植株水平上，玉米对SS的生理生化反应知之甚少。以黄早4号、长7-2号、郑58和叶478 4个玉米基础亲本自交系为材料，在150 mM NaCl条件下和营养液中去除SS后，对SS胁迫下玉米的生理生化响应进行了研究。主要发现:玉米品系对SS没有明显的相序响应，一旦发生SS，就会受到渗透胁迫、水分缺乏和Na+积累引起的毒性的综合影响;耐SS玉米品系表现出:(1)在SS发生初期，根系抗氧化酶(SOD、POD、CAT和APX)活性及时升高，超氧阴离子自由基介导的信号传导更强;(2)根向茎部的Na+转运速率较慢，尤其是在耐SS前期;(3)耐SS期间叶片气孔的开放和细胞膜的精细完整性。
{"title":"Insights into physio-biochemical responses of maize to salt shock stress and removal of the stress at the whole-plant level","authors":"Jianlong Pan, Xianwei Fan, Youzhi Li","doi":"10.48130/tp-2023-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/tp-2023-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Maize (<italic>Zea mays</italic>) is one of the world's three major food crops but sensitive to salinity at the seedling stage. Salinity/salt stress usually occurs due to gradually increased NaCl or under sudden exposure to NaCl, of which the latter is called salt shock (SS). However, little is known about physio-biochemical responses of maize to SS at the whole-plant level. The purpose of this study was to characterize the physio-biochemical response events of maize under SS. The experiments were conducted with four maize foundation parent inbred lines of Huangzao4, Chang7-2, Zheng58 and Ye478 under 150 mM NaCl for SS and after removal of SS in the nutrient solutions. The main findings were that the maize lines had no clear phase-order-response to SS, which suffered from the combined effects of osmotic stress, water deficiency, and Na<sup>+</sup> accumulation-induced toxicity once SS occurred, and that SS-tolerant maize lines showed (1) timely increased activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT and APX) and stronger superoxide anion radical-mediated signalling in roots at the beginning of SS, (2) a slow Na<sup>+</sup> transport rate from roots to shoots especially in the early SS stage, and (3) opening of leaf stomata, and fine cell membrane integrity during SS. The related mechanisms of SS tolerance of maize were proposed and discussed.","PeriodicalId":120197,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plants","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135159163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sulfur-containing compounds (SCCs) are pivotal secondary metabolites widely distributed in plants, particularly within the Brassicaceae family. These compounds play crucial roles in human health and in interactions between plants and pests. In this groundbreaking study, we harnessed the extensive SuCComBase database, harvesting 1,285 protein sequences associated with sulfur-containing compounds. Employing the SVM algorithm, we pioneered the development of a predictive model for plant SCCGs, representing a novel computational approach based on sequence data. Remarkably, our SVM-Kmer model delivered exceptional performance metrics (F1score = 0.945, ACC = 0.938, AUC = 0.936). Building upon this achievement, we introduced the SCCGs_Prediction tool, a resource born of our model. Through this tool, we identified an astounding 51,638 SCCGs from a staggering 2,873,697 protein sequences spanning 81 different species. Intriguingly, our findings highlighted that the Brassicaceae and Papilionoideae subfamilies exhibit a notably higher prevalence of SCCGs compared to other plant families. In our commitment to facilitate enhanced utilization of the SCCGs_Prediction tool and the extensive plant SCCGs datasets, we have established the Sulfur-Containing Compounds Platform (SCCP). We firmly believe that the SCCP will serve as an invaluable resource hub, providing comprehensive information to the SCCs research community.
{"title":"SCCGs_Prediction: a machine learning tool for prediction of sulfur-containing compound associated genes","authors":"Shuang He, Liu E, Fei Chen, Zhidong Li","doi":"10.48130/tp-2023-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/tp-2023-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Sulfur-containing compounds (SCCs) are pivotal secondary metabolites widely distributed in plants, particularly within the Brassicaceae family. These compounds play crucial roles in human health and in interactions between plants and pests. In this groundbreaking study, we harnessed the extensive SuCComBase database, harvesting 1,285 protein sequences associated with sulfur-containing compounds. Employing the SVM algorithm, we pioneered the development of a predictive model for plant SCCGs, representing a novel computational approach based on sequence data. Remarkably, our SVM-Kmer model delivered exceptional performance metrics (F1score = 0.945, ACC = 0.938, AUC = 0.936). Building upon this achievement, we introduced the SCCGs_Prediction tool, a resource born of our model. Through this tool, we identified an astounding 51,638 SCCGs from a staggering 2,873,697 protein sequences spanning 81 different species. Intriguingly, our findings highlighted that the Brassicaceae and Papilionoideae subfamilies exhibit a notably higher prevalence of SCCGs compared to other plant families. In our commitment to facilitate enhanced utilization of the SCCGs_Prediction tool and the extensive plant SCCGs datasets, we have established the Sulfur-Containing Compounds Platform (SCCP). We firmly believe that the SCCP will serve as an invaluable resource hub, providing comprehensive information to the SCCs research community.","PeriodicalId":120197,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plants","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136373236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study delves into the intricate nexus of climatic, demographic, economic, and environmental variables, collectively shaping the availability of animal protein in Europe and Asia. The study analyzes interrelationships and reveals compelling outcomes. Notably, the global phenomenon of climate change, unmistakably linked to human activities, surfaces as a pressing concern. Temperature escalation, manifesting with regional nuances, underscores the urgency of collective efforts to combat climate impact, particularly pronounced in areas like Indonesia and the Mediterranean. This underscores the imperative for immediate collaborative actions to ameliorate climate consequences. Meanwhile, the surging emissions of CH4, CO2, and N2O pollutants, primarily from industrial and agricultural sectors, pose a critical challenge. This mandates robust regulation within global environmental strategies and ongoing dialogues. In the realm of demography, relentless global population growth exerts formidable stress on natural resources and animal reserves. This burgeoning populace poses formidable tests for ensuring forthcoming food security and sustained animal protein availability. Economic analyses disclose variances in national gross incomes and animal protein prices, reflecting geographic distinctions. Heightened incomes signify enhanced purchasing power, while price oscillations correlate with health issues like avian flu. Multivariate analyses employing mixed linear regression models unveil the profound influence of select parameters such as temperature, pollutant emissions, population density, and production indicators on animal protein availability. This underscores the pivotal role of these factors in devising comprehensive food and environmental policies. Projections for forthcoming years anticipate augmented animal protein availability in certain Asian regions (Indonesia and Japan), though still beneath requisite demands, juxtaposed against a gradual decrement in Europe. Faced with these realities, the necessity to cultivate innovative strategies with alternative solutions comes to the fore. Exploring dairy and plant-based protein substitutes can meet rising demands while conserving the environment and public health.
{"title":"Forecasting animal protein supply in Asia and Europe in light of climate change, population growth and land pressure","authors":"Yann Emmanuel Miassi, Kossivi Fabrice Dossa","doi":"10.48130/tp-2023-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/tp-2023-0022","url":null,"abstract":"This study delves into the intricate nexus of climatic, demographic, economic, and environmental variables, collectively shaping the availability of animal protein in Europe and Asia. The study analyzes interrelationships and reveals compelling outcomes. Notably, the global phenomenon of climate change, unmistakably linked to human activities, surfaces as a pressing concern. Temperature escalation, manifesting with regional nuances, underscores the urgency of collective efforts to combat climate impact, particularly pronounced in areas like Indonesia and the Mediterranean. This underscores the imperative for immediate collaborative actions to ameliorate climate consequences. Meanwhile, the surging emissions of CH<sub>4</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>O pollutants, primarily from industrial and agricultural sectors, pose a critical challenge. This mandates robust regulation within global environmental strategies and ongoing dialogues. In the realm of demography, relentless global population growth exerts formidable stress on natural resources and animal reserves. This burgeoning populace poses formidable tests for ensuring forthcoming food security and sustained animal protein availability. Economic analyses disclose variances in national gross incomes and animal protein prices, reflecting geographic distinctions. Heightened incomes signify enhanced purchasing power, while price oscillations correlate with health issues like avian flu. Multivariate analyses employing mixed linear regression models unveil the profound influence of select parameters such as temperature, pollutant emissions, population density, and production indicators on animal protein availability. This underscores the pivotal role of these factors in devising comprehensive food and environmental policies. Projections for forthcoming years anticipate augmented animal protein availability in certain Asian regions (Indonesia and Japan), though still beneath requisite demands, juxtaposed against a gradual decrement in Europe. Faced with these realities, the necessity to cultivate innovative strategies with alternative solutions comes to the fore. Exploring dairy and plant-based protein substitutes can meet rising demands while conserving the environment and public health.","PeriodicalId":120197,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plants","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135609594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new regulation mechanism of bisexual flower development in cucurbitaceous sex determination","authors":"Keyan Zhang, Jufen Li, Tao Lin, Guobin Ma","doi":"10.48130/tp-2023-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/tp-2023-0017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":120197,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plants","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135699613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Functional rice has a broad market prospect and represents one of the vital developmental directions for future rice production. This paper summarizes the types, breeding and cultivation technologies of functional rice, as well as prevention and control of pests and diseases. We conclude the following: (1) breeding for functional rice should focus on breeding rice varieties with an endosperm that is enriched with multiple active components and broad-spectrum resistance to pests and diseases; (2) moderate water stress and optimized fertilizer management practices of low nitrogen, low phosphorus, high potassium, high silicon, and moderate micronutrient fertilization, as well as timely and early harvest, are conducive to improving the yield and quality of functional rice. In addition, we stress the need to focus on the development and application of polymerization breeding technologies for the advancement of the functional rice industry, and future research in these areas should be reinforced.
{"title":"Functional rice: a new direction for sustainable development of rice production","authors":"Zhaoqiang Jin, Lixiao Nie","doi":"10.48130/tp-2023-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/tp-2023-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Functional rice has a broad market prospect and represents one of the vital developmental directions for future rice production. This paper summarizes the types, breeding and cultivation technologies of functional rice, as well as prevention and control of pests and diseases. We conclude the following: (1) breeding for functional rice should focus on breeding rice varieties with an endosperm that is enriched with multiple active components and broad-spectrum resistance to pests and diseases; (2) moderate water stress and optimized fertilizer management practices of low nitrogen, low phosphorus, high potassium, high silicon, and moderate micronutrient fertilization, as well as timely and early harvest, are conducive to improving the yield and quality of functional rice. In addition, we stress the need to focus on the development and application of polymerization breeding technologies for the advancement of the functional rice industry, and future research in these areas should be reinforced.","PeriodicalId":120197,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plants","volume":"262 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136216751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Upuli Nakandala, Agnelo Furtado, Malcolm W. Smith, Darren C. Williams, Robert J. Henry
Citrus is widely consumed across the world as a fruit crop. Despite many citrus species being extensively studied around the world, phylogenetic relationships among Australian native species remain unresolved. Here we present the phylogenetic relationships among six Australian native species, two domesticated citrus cultivars of commercial importance in Australia, and another 13 accessions cultivated internationally based on complete, de novo assembled chloroplast genomes and 86 single copy nuclear genes. The chloroplast and nuclear phylogenies were topologically different. The Australian species formed a monophyletic clade based on their nuclear genes. The nuclear phylogeny revealed a close relationship between Citrus inodora and Citrus australasica. These two species were distinct from the other four Australian limes that were more closely related to each other. Citrus australasica had a unique chloroplast which was distinct from all other Australian limes. Among the other Australian limes, Citrus glauca was the most distinct species based on nuclear genes, however, it had a similar chloroplast sequence to C. australis. The undetermined Citrus sp. was more closely related to Citrus garrawayi, indicating that it is a distinct form of Citrus garrawayi. Citrus medica, had a chloroplast similar to Australian species. However, the nuclear gene phylogeny analysis revealed that C. medica was more closely related to Asian citrus species. This study improves our understanding of phylogenetic relationships among Australian citrus species and confirms their unique status within the genus since it formed a monophyletic clade which was clearly separated from the other non-Australian species.
{"title":"Phylogenetic relationships among Australian native citrus species based upon complete chloroplast genomes and single copy nuclear genes","authors":"Upuli Nakandala, Agnelo Furtado, Malcolm W. Smith, Darren C. Williams, Robert J. Henry","doi":"10.48130/tp-2023-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/tp-2023-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Citrus is widely consumed across the world as a fruit crop. Despite many citrus species being extensively studied around the world, phylogenetic relationships among Australian native species remain unresolved. Here we present the phylogenetic relationships among six Australian native species, two domesticated citrus cultivars of commercial importance in Australia, and another 13 accessions cultivated internationally based on complete, <italic>de novo</italic> assembled chloroplast genomes and 86 single copy nuclear genes. The chloroplast and nuclear phylogenies were topologically different. The Australian species formed a monophyletic clade based on their nuclear genes. The nuclear phylogeny revealed a close relationship between <italic>Citrus inodora</italic> and <italic>Citrus australasica.</italic> These two species were distinct from the other four Australian limes that were more closely related to each other. <italic>Citrus australasica</italic> had a unique chloroplast which was distinct from all other Australian limes. Among the other Australian limes, <italic>Citrus glauca</italic> was the most distinct species based on nuclear genes, however, it had a similar chloroplast sequence to <italic>C. australis</italic>. The undetermined <italic>Citrus</italic> sp. was more closely related to <italic>Citrus garrawayi</italic>, indicating that it is a distinct form of <italic>Citrus garrawayi</italic>. <italic>Citrus medica,</italic> had a chloroplast similar to Australian species. However, the nuclear gene phylogeny analysis revealed that <italic>C. medica</italic> was more closely related to Asian citrus species. This study improves our understanding of phylogenetic relationships among Australian citrus species and confirms their unique status within the genus since it formed a monophyletic clade which was clearly separated from the other non-Australian species.","PeriodicalId":120197,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plants","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135613880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transgenic strategy plays an important role in the biological study and breeding of sugarcane. However, the efficiency of sugarcane transgenic systems remains disappointing to breeders. Various cultivated varieties are recalcitrant to genetic transformation, and only a few sugarcane research institutes could successfully obtain positive transgenic lines. In our previous research, three kinds of sugarcane transgenic selection systems, namely, the PMI/Mannose, CP4-EPSPS/glyphosate, and bar/Basta selection systems, were successfully established. Among these systems, the bar/Basta selection system was the most efficient. By applying this selection system, 10 or more transgenic shoots could be obtained from a gram of embryogenic calluses. In addition, the resistant shoots obtained after screening were almost 100% positive for the molecular assay, and all of the transgenic shoots showed high herbicide tolerance in lab tests and field trials. Herein, the key points/steps, advantage and contribution to sugarcane studies and breeding in China of the efficient bar/Basta sugarcane transformation system are presented and discussed.
{"title":"Establishment of an efficient transgenic selection system and its utilization in <i>Saccharum officinarum</i>","authors":"Wenzhi Wang, Jungang Wang, Cuilian Feng, Tingting Zhao, Linbo Shen, Xiaoyan Feng, Shuzhen Zhang","doi":"10.48130/tp-2023-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/tp-2023-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Transgenic strategy plays an important role in the biological study and breeding of sugarcane. However, the efficiency of sugarcane transgenic systems remains disappointing to breeders. Various cultivated varieties are recalcitrant to genetic transformation, and only a few sugarcane research institutes could successfully obtain positive transgenic lines. In our previous research, three kinds of sugarcane transgenic selection systems, namely, the PMI/Mannose, CP4-EPSPS/glyphosate, and <italic>bar</italic>/Basta selection systems, were successfully established. Among these systems, the <italic>bar</italic>/Basta selection system was the most efficient. By applying this selection system, 10 or more transgenic shoots could be obtained from a gram of embryogenic calluses. In addition, the resistant shoots obtained after screening were almost 100% positive for the molecular assay, and all of the transgenic shoots showed high herbicide tolerance in lab tests and field trials. Herein, the key points/steps, advantage and contribution to sugarcane studies and breeding in China of the efficient <italic>bar</italic>/Basta sugarcane transformation system are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":120197,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plants","volume":"228 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136138668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi Xin, Mingting Du, Xinjun Yu, Kalyanee Paithoonrangsarid, Yunxiang Mao, Yandu Lu
Marine plants contribute half of the global organic carbon fixation, thus play a key role in global carbon cycles. Tropical biomes are the most diverse communities, which produce numerous value-added compounds. The metabolites from tropical marine algae and plants have been utilized for the therapy of the globally threatening diseases, such as acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Dengue fever, and cancer. However, metabolite treasure underpinned by tropical marine plants is largely untapped. The bioactive nature of more compounds remain to be discovered. This mini-review examines several aspects of value-added compounds from tropical marine plants, such as microalgae, macroalgae, seagrasses, and mangroves. Biotechnological and pharmaceutical applications involving these compounds are also discussed.
{"title":"Exploring value-added compounds from tropical marine plants","authors":"Yi Xin, Mingting Du, Xinjun Yu, Kalyanee Paithoonrangsarid, Yunxiang Mao, Yandu Lu","doi":"10.48130/tp-2023-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/tp-2023-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Marine plants contribute half of the global organic carbon fixation, thus play a key role in global carbon cycles. Tropical biomes are the most diverse communities, which produce numerous value-added compounds. The metabolites from tropical marine algae and plants have been utilized for the therapy of the globally threatening diseases, such as acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Dengue fever, and cancer. However, metabolite treasure underpinned by tropical marine plants is largely untapped. The bioactive nature of more compounds remain to be discovered. This mini-review examines several aspects of value-added compounds from tropical marine plants, such as microalgae, macroalgae, seagrasses, and mangroves. Biotechnological and pharmaceutical applications involving these compounds are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":120197,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plants","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136138673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qinghui Guo, Yaning Wang, Jixin Zou, Huang Jing, Dongdong Li
To establish a rapid and efficient method for isolating and transforming protoplasts in coconut endosperm, coconut liquid endosperm and young leaves were utilized as starting materials. By comparing factors such as enzyme digestion time, quantity, activity, cell and nucleus morphology, ploidy, and subcellular localization, it was discovered that the optimal conditions for achieving the highest protoplast yield and activity were 45 minutes of enzyme digestion for liquid endosperm and 2.5 hours for leaves. Furthermore, the endosperm cells were found to be 2−3 times larger than leaf cells and exhibited triploid characteristics. Moreover, DAPI staining and subcellular localization revealed the presence of significantly enlarged nuclei in protoplasts from coconut liquid endosperm, occupying nearly the entire cell. Using PEG-mediated transformation, the exogenous gene NAC96 was successfully overexpressed in protoplasts derived from both coconut leaves and endosperm. This study has established an efficient method for isolating and transforming protoplasts in coconut while identifying the distinct characteristics of protoplasts in liquid endosperm. These findings provide a crucial experimental platform for verifying coconut gene function and exploring gene expression regulation.
{"title":"Efficient Isolation and Transformation of Protoplasts in Coconut Endosperm and Leaves for Gene Function Studies","authors":"Qinghui Guo, Yaning Wang, Jixin Zou, Huang Jing, Dongdong Li","doi":"10.48130/tp-2023-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/tp-2023-0016","url":null,"abstract":"To establish a rapid and efficient method for isolating and transforming protoplasts in coconut endosperm, coconut liquid endosperm and young leaves were utilized as starting materials. By comparing factors such as enzyme digestion time, quantity, activity, cell and nucleus morphology, ploidy, and subcellular localization, it was discovered that the optimal conditions for achieving the highest protoplast yield and activity were 45 minutes of enzyme digestion for liquid endosperm and 2.5 hours for leaves. Furthermore, the endosperm cells were found to be 2−3 times larger than leaf cells and exhibited triploid characteristics. Moreover, DAPI staining and subcellular localization revealed the presence of significantly enlarged nuclei in protoplasts from coconut liquid endosperm, occupying nearly the entire cell. Using PEG-mediated transformation, the exogenous gene NAC96 was successfully overexpressed in protoplasts derived from both coconut leaves and endosperm. This study has established an efficient method for isolating and transforming protoplasts in coconut while identifying the distinct characteristics of protoplasts in liquid endosperm. These findings provide a crucial experimental platform for verifying coconut gene function and exploring gene expression regulation.","PeriodicalId":120197,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plants","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135496203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Greater yam (Dioscorea alata) provides staple food for more than 100 million people in tropical and sub-tropical countries. Developing transient transformation platform is critical for gene function analysis, since huge amount of genomic and transcriptomic data for greater yam is recently available. In this study, we determined the best enzyme combination of 0.8% cellulase and 1% macerozyme and 6 hours of digestion to get greater yam protoplast output as 3.7 × 107 protoplasts per gram of fresh leaf and 92% viable protoplasts. PEG-mediated transient transformation efficiency for greater yam was 66.2% with optimized PEG concentration (20%) for 20 min. Using this protocol, the subcellular location of a transcription factor in greater yam - DaERF2 was specifically in nuclei. This efficient protoplast isolation and transformation protocol provides feasible system for protein subcellular localization, and many other molecular assays in characterizing gene functions.
{"title":"Efficient mesophyll protoplast isolation and PEG-mediated transient gene expression in greater yam (<i>Dioscorea alata</i>)","authors":"Jinlan Zhang, Pengfei Mei, Ying Wang, Mengli Liu, Dan Xing, Wenqiang Wu, Dongyi Huang, Wei Xia","doi":"10.48130/tp-2023-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/tp-2023-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Greater yam (<italic>Dioscorea alata</italic>) provides staple food for more than 100 million people in tropical and sub-tropical countries. Developing transient transformation platform is critical for gene function analysis, since huge amount of genomic and transcriptomic data for greater yam is recently available. In this study, we determined the best enzyme combination of 0.8% cellulase and 1% macerozyme and 6 hours of digestion to get greater yam protoplast output as 3.7 × 10<sup>7</sup> protoplasts per gram of fresh leaf and 92% viable protoplasts. PEG-mediated transient transformation efficiency for greater yam was 66.2% with optimized PEG concentration (20%) for 20 min. Using this protocol, the subcellular location of a transcription factor in greater yam - DaERF2 was specifically in nuclei. This efficient protoplast isolation and transformation protocol provides feasible system for protein subcellular localization, and many other molecular assays in characterizing gene functions.","PeriodicalId":120197,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plants","volume":"98 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136259350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：