Pub Date : 1998-07-01DOI: 10.1109/SSDM.1998.688131
J. Niland, James Chen, Wendy Paul, R. Ottesen
The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) is an alliance of 16 of the world's leading cancer centers, formed to help ensure the highest quality cancer care. City of Hope National Medical Center serves as the data-coordinating center (DCC) for the first NCCN shared outcomes research project. A Web-based database system has been designed and implemented over the Internet. Cancer centers located all over the United States are submitting data to this system that accommodates varying levels of database expertise and capabilities. The application is browser independent and incorporates several unique design, confidentiality, and security features, such as the use of "ghost buttons" and a "secret agent" approach to security. New SQL and Web-enabled features in the SAS statistical software package are integrated into this system as well. A demonstration of the NCCN database system is presented.
{"title":"A Web-based database system for conducting outcomes research via the Internet: the National Comprehensive Cancer Network system","authors":"J. Niland, James Chen, Wendy Paul, R. Ottesen","doi":"10.1109/SSDM.1998.688131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSDM.1998.688131","url":null,"abstract":"The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) is an alliance of 16 of the world's leading cancer centers, formed to help ensure the highest quality cancer care. City of Hope National Medical Center serves as the data-coordinating center (DCC) for the first NCCN shared outcomes research project. A Web-based database system has been designed and implemented over the Internet. Cancer centers located all over the United States are submitting data to this system that accommodates varying levels of database expertise and capabilities. The application is browser independent and incorporates several unique design, confidentiality, and security features, such as the use of \"ghost buttons\" and a \"secret agent\" approach to security. New SQL and Web-enabled features in the SAS statistical software package are integrated into this system as well. A demonstration of the NCCN database system is presented.","PeriodicalId":120937,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Tenth International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (Cat. No.98TB100243)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115374077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-07-01DOI: 10.1109/SSDM.1998.688123
A. Ailamaki, Y. Ioannidis, M. Livny
In several working environments, production involves repeated executions of certain procedures. A workflow describes the individual tasks performed in these procedures and their interrelationships. Current workflow management systems (WFMSs) use a database management system (DBMS) to store task descriptions, and implement all workflow functionality in modules that run on top of the DBMS. Motivated by scientific workflows, we propose a much more DBMS-centric architecture, in which conventional database technology provides much of the desired scientific WFMS functionality. A key element of our approach is viewing the workflow as a web of data objects interconnected with active links that carry process descriptions. The workflow is fully defined as a database schema, and its execution is the gradual buildup of an instance of this schema through the active object links. For our work, we use the modeling and querying tools of Horse, the object-oriented DBMS that we have developed in the context of the Zoo Desktop Experiment Management Environment.
{"title":"Scientific workflow management by database management","authors":"A. Ailamaki, Y. Ioannidis, M. Livny","doi":"10.1109/SSDM.1998.688123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSDM.1998.688123","url":null,"abstract":"In several working environments, production involves repeated executions of certain procedures. A workflow describes the individual tasks performed in these procedures and their interrelationships. Current workflow management systems (WFMSs) use a database management system (DBMS) to store task descriptions, and implement all workflow functionality in modules that run on top of the DBMS. Motivated by scientific workflows, we propose a much more DBMS-centric architecture, in which conventional database technology provides much of the desired scientific WFMS functionality. A key element of our approach is viewing the workflow as a web of data objects interconnected with active links that carry process descriptions. The workflow is fully defined as a database schema, and its execution is the gradual buildup of an instance of this schema through the active object links. For our work, we use the modeling and querying tools of Horse, the object-oriented DBMS that we have developed in the context of the Zoo Desktop Experiment Management Environment.","PeriodicalId":120937,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Tenth International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (Cat. No.98TB100243)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121269549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-07-01DOI: 10.1109/SSDM.1998.688114
R. Ramakrishnan, D. Donjerkovic, Arvind Ranganathan, K. Beyer, M. Krishnaprasad
A relation is an unordered collection of records. Often, however there is an underlying order (e.g., a sequence of stock prices), and users want to pose queries that reflect this order (e.g., find a weekly moving average). SQL provides no support for posing such queries. We show how a rich class of queries reflecting sort order can be naturally expressed and efficiently executed with simple extensions to SQL.
{"title":"SRQL: Sorted Relational Query Language","authors":"R. Ramakrishnan, D. Donjerkovic, Arvind Ranganathan, K. Beyer, M. Krishnaprasad","doi":"10.1109/SSDM.1998.688114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSDM.1998.688114","url":null,"abstract":"A relation is an unordered collection of records. Often, however there is an underlying order (e.g., a sequence of stock prices), and users want to pose queries that reflect this order (e.g., find a weekly moving average). SQL provides no support for posing such queries. We show how a rich class of queries reflecting sort order can be naturally expressed and efficiently executed with simple extensions to SQL.","PeriodicalId":120937,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Tenth International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (Cat. No.98TB100243)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123960846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-07-01DOI: 10.1109/SSDM.1998.688107
S. Kuo, M. Winslett, Ying Chen, Yong Cho
Adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) is a promising computational approach that investigates a scientific problem using grids of different resolutions in different portions of the problem space. This allows the more "interesting" areas of the problem space to be investigated in more detail than other areas. We present efficient ways for AMR-type applications to do input/output on the IBM SP2. We propose a disk layout that minimizes I/O costs for checkpoint/restart operations and investigate several allocation approaches to decluster grid data to multiple disks to enhance I/O parallelism for timestep/visualization operations. The experiments on the SP2 show that our strategies can help to shorten the I/O time to meet the performance requirements of the two types of I/O operations.
{"title":"Efficient I/O of grid hierarchies for AMR computations on parallel disks","authors":"S. Kuo, M. Winslett, Ying Chen, Yong Cho","doi":"10.1109/SSDM.1998.688107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSDM.1998.688107","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) is a promising computational approach that investigates a scientific problem using grids of different resolutions in different portions of the problem space. This allows the more \"interesting\" areas of the problem space to be investigated in more detail than other areas. We present efficient ways for AMR-type applications to do input/output on the IBM SP2. We propose a disk layout that minimizes I/O costs for checkpoint/restart operations and investigate several allocation approaches to decluster grid data to multiple disks to enhance I/O parallelism for timestep/visualization operations. The experiments on the SP2 show that our strategies can help to shorten the I/O time to meet the performance requirements of the two types of I/O operations.","PeriodicalId":120937,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Tenth International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (Cat. No.98TB100243)","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124765606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-07-01DOI: 10.1109/SSDM.1998.688133
A. Lane, T. Parr
The interpretation and presentation of environmental data will have a crucial role to play in helping to solve the environmental problems which face national governments and regional authorities. Efficient information management and access systems are essential if the benefits of large-scale data capture programmes are to be realised. Data from existing ground-based monitoring systems are frequently under-used because of the difficulty of accessing the data and assessing whether they contain anything of relevance, and because of the delay between data capture and availability. The UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) is taking an integrated approach to information management which aims to achieve a seamless transition from data capture through to access and interpretation tools for the detection of patterns of change. The ECN is the UK's multi-disciplinary, long-term monitoring network, established to provide comparable, reliable, long-term runs of data on environmental change. Data quality standards are maintained through quality control, assessment and validation procedures, and rules for managing the resulting information within the data and meta-database. Rapid access to ECN meta-information and summary data is provided over the Internet using the World Wide Web with direct database links. A WWW prototype system for providing interpreted information based on simple models showing the main patterns in the data has been developed, with the eventual aim of providing an environmental information and interpretation system.
{"title":"Providing information on environmental change: data management strategies and Internet access approaches within the UK Environmental Change Network","authors":"A. Lane, T. Parr","doi":"10.1109/SSDM.1998.688133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSDM.1998.688133","url":null,"abstract":"The interpretation and presentation of environmental data will have a crucial role to play in helping to solve the environmental problems which face national governments and regional authorities. Efficient information management and access systems are essential if the benefits of large-scale data capture programmes are to be realised. Data from existing ground-based monitoring systems are frequently under-used because of the difficulty of accessing the data and assessing whether they contain anything of relevance, and because of the delay between data capture and availability. The UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) is taking an integrated approach to information management which aims to achieve a seamless transition from data capture through to access and interpretation tools for the detection of patterns of change. The ECN is the UK's multi-disciplinary, long-term monitoring network, established to provide comparable, reliable, long-term runs of data on environmental change. Data quality standards are maintained through quality control, assessment and validation procedures, and rules for managing the resulting information within the data and meta-database. Rapid access to ECN meta-information and summary data is provided over the Internet using the World Wide Web with direct database links. A WWW prototype system for providing interpreted information based on simple models showing the main patterns in the data has been developed, with the eventual aim of providing an environmental information and interpretation system.","PeriodicalId":120937,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Tenth International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (Cat. No.98TB100243)","volume":"299 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114029640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-07-01DOI: 10.1109/SSDM.1998.688117
Y. Theodoridis, T. Sellis, A. Papadopoulos, Y. Manolopoulos
A new issue that arises in modern applications involves the efficient manipulation of (static or moving) spatial objects, and the relationships among them. As a result, modern database systems should be able to efficiently support that type of data. Towards this goal, appropriate extensions of multidimensional access methods can be exploited in order to index and retrieve spatiotemporal objects, satisfying users' demands. This paper introduces the basic specifications such a spatiotemporal index structure should follow, evaluates existing proposals with respect to the above specifications, and illustrates issues of interest involving object representation, query processing, and index maintenance.
{"title":"Specifications for efficient indexing in spatiotemporal databases","authors":"Y. Theodoridis, T. Sellis, A. Papadopoulos, Y. Manolopoulos","doi":"10.1109/SSDM.1998.688117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSDM.1998.688117","url":null,"abstract":"A new issue that arises in modern applications involves the efficient manipulation of (static or moving) spatial objects, and the relationships among them. As a result, modern database systems should be able to efficiently support that type of data. Towards this goal, appropriate extensions of multidimensional access methods can be exploited in order to index and retrieve spatiotemporal objects, satisfying users' demands. This paper introduces the basic specifications such a spatiotemporal index structure should follow, evaluates existing proposals with respect to the above specifications, and illustrates issues of interest involving object representation, query processing, and index maintenance.","PeriodicalId":120937,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Tenth International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (Cat. No.98TB100243)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133215603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-07-01DOI: 10.1109/SSDM.1998.688110
T. Pedersen, Christian S. Jensen
Medical informatics has been an important area for the application of computing and database technology for at least four decades. This area may benefit from the functionality offered by data warehousing. However, the special nature of clinical applications poses different and new requirements to data warehousing technologies, over those posed by conventional data warehouse applications. This article presents a number of exciting new research challenges posed by clinical applications, to be met by the database research community. These include the need for complex data modeling features, advanced temporal support, advanced classification structures, continuously valued data, dimensionally reduced data, and the integration of very complex data. In addition, the support for clinical treatment protocols and medical research are interesting areas for research.
{"title":"Research issues in clinical data warehousing","authors":"T. Pedersen, Christian S. Jensen","doi":"10.1109/SSDM.1998.688110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSDM.1998.688110","url":null,"abstract":"Medical informatics has been an important area for the application of computing and database technology for at least four decades. This area may benefit from the functionality offered by data warehousing. However, the special nature of clinical applications poses different and new requirements to data warehousing technologies, over those posed by conventional data warehouse applications. This article presents a number of exciting new research challenges posed by clinical applications, to be met by the database research community. These include the need for complex data modeling features, advanced temporal support, advanced classification structures, continuously valued data, dimensionally reduced data, and the integration of very complex data. In addition, the support for clinical treatment protocols and medical research are interesting areas for research.","PeriodicalId":120937,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Tenth International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (Cat. No.98TB100243)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130867882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-07-01DOI: 10.1109/SSDM.1998.688106
J. Pfaltz, Russell F. Haddleton, J. French
Large scientific applications which rely on highly parallel computational analysis require highly parallel data access. We describe an object-oriented scientific database system that achieves nearly linear scale-up over large, million object data sets. Of primary importance are those features which seem central to the development of this, or any other parallel database system. These include techniques of object distribution, of multi-operator parallelism, and of indirect object referencing. It also appears to require a query server architecture instead of the more common page server configurations.
{"title":"Scalable, parallel, scientific databases","authors":"J. Pfaltz, Russell F. Haddleton, J. French","doi":"10.1109/SSDM.1998.688106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSDM.1998.688106","url":null,"abstract":"Large scientific applications which rely on highly parallel computational analysis require highly parallel data access. We describe an object-oriented scientific database system that achieves nearly linear scale-up over large, million object data sets. Of primary importance are those features which seem central to the development of this, or any other parallel database system. These include techniques of object distribution, of multi-operator parallelism, and of indirect object referencing. It also appears to require a query server architecture instead of the more common page server configurations.","PeriodicalId":120937,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Tenth International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (Cat. No.98TB100243)","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115977251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-07-01DOI: 10.1109/SSDM.1998.688122
Richard J. Resnick, M. Ward, Elke A. Rundensteiner
This paper presents a paradigm for the interactive selection (querying) of data from a structured grid of data points for exploratory visualization. The paradigm is based on specifying and iteratively adjusting the Focus, Extent, and Density (FED) of the data attributes. The FED model supports highly complex queries of structured data in an intuitive fashion, and is augmented with a visual interface composed of a set of simple yet powerful user interface controls for query specification. In addition, statistical aggregations are supported by the model. Finally, the FED model is compared to the SQL paradigm, and is shown to be well suited for mapping to a direct-manipulation graphical interface.
{"title":"FED-a framework for iterative data selection in exploratory visualization","authors":"Richard J. Resnick, M. Ward, Elke A. Rundensteiner","doi":"10.1109/SSDM.1998.688122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSDM.1998.688122","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a paradigm for the interactive selection (querying) of data from a structured grid of data points for exploratory visualization. The paradigm is based on specifying and iteratively adjusting the Focus, Extent, and Density (FED) of the data attributes. The FED model supports highly complex queries of structured data in an intuitive fashion, and is augmented with a visual interface composed of a set of simple yet powerful user interface controls for query specification. In addition, statistical aggregations are supported by the model. Finally, the FED model is compared to the SQL paradigm, and is shown to be well suited for mapping to a direct-manipulation graphical interface.","PeriodicalId":120937,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Tenth International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (Cat. No.98TB100243)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129778279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-07-01DOI: 10.1109/SSDM.1998.688135
O. Balovnev, M. Breunig, A. Cremers, Marcus Pant
Today's geo-information systems are historically grown products which are hardly extensible to meet the requirements imposed by 3D/4D-modeling. The next generation GISs should benefit from modern software engineering technologies. A component-based design encourages a fast "assembly" of applications from high-level software building blocks. Following this approach a complex general-purpose geo-information system can be substituted by a family of specialized subsystems which due to the common design basis are open for mutual data exchange. We introduce GeoToolKit component software intended for the development of 3D/4D geo-scientific applications. We also present our experience in building different types of geo-scientific applications on top of GeoToolKit. We show that common data types inherited by diverse applications from the GeoToolKit spatial class hierarchy create an excellent basis for the database-level integration of heterogeneous geo-scientific data.
{"title":"Building geo-scientific applications on top of GeoToolKit: a case study of data integration","authors":"O. Balovnev, M. Breunig, A. Cremers, Marcus Pant","doi":"10.1109/SSDM.1998.688135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSDM.1998.688135","url":null,"abstract":"Today's geo-information systems are historically grown products which are hardly extensible to meet the requirements imposed by 3D/4D-modeling. The next generation GISs should benefit from modern software engineering technologies. A component-based design encourages a fast \"assembly\" of applications from high-level software building blocks. Following this approach a complex general-purpose geo-information system can be substituted by a family of specialized subsystems which due to the common design basis are open for mutual data exchange. We introduce GeoToolKit component software intended for the development of 3D/4D geo-scientific applications. We also present our experience in building different types of geo-scientific applications on top of GeoToolKit. We show that common data types inherited by diverse applications from the GeoToolKit spatial class hierarchy create an excellent basis for the database-level integration of heterogeneous geo-scientific data.","PeriodicalId":120937,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Tenth International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management (Cat. No.98TB100243)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114455717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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