Pub Date : 2023-07-11DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2021.137209
J. Włodarczyk, Patrycja Szałwińska, A. Waśniewska, J. Fichna
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a multifactorial gastrointestinal disorder with still not fully understood pathogenesis. At first, the treatment of IBS was mainly focused on alleviating symptoms (with the use of laxatives, anti-diarrheals, anti-spasmodics and painkillers) and then became more specific by targeting discovered pathways responsible for proper functioning of the gastrointestinal system, for in- stance: 5HT3, 5HT4, cannabinoid and opioid receptors, guanylyl cyclase C, chloride channels and sodium- hydrogen exchanger. Nowadays, there is a growing number of experimental IBS treatment strategies and in this article we discuss these novel and therapeutic options in IBS, their efficacy and future perspectives.
{"title":"Experimental therapies in Irritable Bowel Syndrome.","authors":"J. Włodarczyk, Patrycja Szałwińska, A. Waśniewska, J. Fichna","doi":"10.24425/fmc.2021.137209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/fmc.2021.137209","url":null,"abstract":"Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a multifactorial gastrointestinal disorder with still not fully understood pathogenesis. At first, the treatment of IBS was mainly focused on alleviating symptoms (with the use of laxatives, anti-diarrheals, anti-spasmodics and painkillers) and then became more specific by targeting discovered pathways responsible for proper functioning of the gastrointestinal system, for in- stance: 5HT3, 5HT4, cannabinoid and opioid receptors, guanylyl cyclase C, chloride channels and sodium- hydrogen exchanger. Nowadays, there is a growing number of experimental IBS treatment strategies and in this article we discuss these novel and therapeutic options in IBS, their efficacy and future perspectives.","PeriodicalId":12106,"journal":{"name":"Folia medica Cracoviensia","volume":"61 1 1","pages":"5-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48423822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2023.145913
Scar development in the children's renal cortex with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is one of the most important parameters of prognosis. It can develop regardless of the chosen treatment, even after the regression of VUR. The shape of the renal papillae, the ascending urinary tract infection, the greater than third-degree VUR, and finally the increased intra-calyceal pressure, induce the formation of renal scarring in the renal parenchyma. Renal scarring may complicate VUR independently of the therapeutic strategy (conservative or operative) and its regression. For restitution of this entity, many scientific terms have been used and the most common of them is intrarenal reflux (IRR). The effects of VUR on future renal function result from the limited ability of the affected kidney to grow (failure of renal growth) due to the existence of scars in the renal cortex, the worsening of these scars, or finally the creation of new scars. With the present study, we intend to clarify the etiology and the pathophysiology of IRR and the relation of VUR prognosis to newer biomarkers such as N-acetyl-beta-glycosaminidase, beta-2 microglobulin, Pen- traxin- 3 and Liver-type fatty-acid-binding protein.
{"title":"145913","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/fmc.2023.145913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/fmc.2023.145913","url":null,"abstract":"Scar development in the children's renal cortex with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is one of the most important parameters of prognosis. It can develop regardless of the chosen treatment, even after the regression of VUR. The shape of the renal papillae, the ascending urinary tract infection, the greater than third-degree VUR, and finally the increased intra-calyceal pressure, induce the formation of renal scarring in the renal parenchyma. Renal scarring may complicate VUR independently of the therapeutic strategy (conservative or operative) and its regression. For restitution of this entity, many scientific terms have been used and the most common of them is intrarenal reflux (IRR). The effects of VUR on future renal function result from the limited ability of the affected kidney to grow (failure of renal growth) due to the existence of scars in the renal cortex, the worsening of these scars, or finally the creation of new scars. With the present study, we intend to clarify the etiology and the pathophysiology of IRR and the relation of VUR prognosis to newer biomarkers such as N-acetyl-beta-glycosaminidase, beta-2 microglobulin, Pen- traxin- 3 and Liver-type fatty-acid-binding protein.","PeriodicalId":12106,"journal":{"name":"Folia medica Cracoviensia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42763955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2023.145910
The aim of this cross-sectional study is to examine if neglect is associated with self-rated health (SRH) and if neglect mediates the association between selected factors and self-rated health, among older men and women. The analyses were based on face-to-face computer-assisted personal interviews conducted with 1632 randomly selected community-dwelling individuals aged 65 years and more from among the general population of Lesser Poland. The regression models' analysis revealed that elder neglect was associated with self-rated health, and the mediation analysis demonstrated that neglect mediates the association between frequency of church attendance and SRH, as well as between marital status (being a widower vs being married) and SRH, among men. These observations can be helpful in better under- standing of the broad context of elder neglect in order to develop instruments for an efficient improvement of older adults' health and quality of life. In addition to this, the study underlines the role of social networks and social engagement as factors which might protect against neglect, and thus improve self- rated health of older people.
{"title":"145910","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/fmc.2023.145910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/fmc.2023.145910","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this cross-sectional study is to examine if neglect is associated with self-rated health (SRH) and if neglect mediates the association between selected factors and self-rated health, among older men and women. The analyses were based on face-to-face computer-assisted personal interviews conducted with 1632 randomly selected community-dwelling individuals aged 65 years and more from among the general population of Lesser Poland. The regression models' analysis revealed that elder neglect was associated with self-rated health, and the mediation analysis demonstrated that neglect mediates the association between frequency of church attendance and SRH, as well as between marital status (being a widower vs being married) and SRH, among men. These observations can be helpful in better under- standing of the broad context of elder neglect in order to develop instruments for an efficient improvement of older adults' health and quality of life. In addition to this, the study underlines the role of social networks and social engagement as factors which might protect against neglect, and thus improve self- rated health of older people.","PeriodicalId":12106,"journal":{"name":"Folia medica Cracoviensia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44174602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2023.145919
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components is a growing issue, including pediatric populations. However, because of many definitions used, it is difficult to assess the true frequency of these problems. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of MetS and its components as well as the frequency of problems with inadequate nutritional status among adolescents. One hundred ninety-six teenagers aged 15-18 years, living in Krakow and its vicinity were examined including measurement of blood pressure, anthropometric parameters and blood levels of cholesterol and glucose. The prevalence of MetS was low and varied from 0.5% to 2.0% depending on the definition. Based on Cook's definition of MetS, the most common components were hypertension (12.8%) and hypertriglyceridemia (12.8%). Improper body weight (based on BMI) was found in 23.5% of adolescents, including 5.1% underweight, and 18.4% overweight or obese. According to the body fat percentage (BF%), 45.8% of the boys were underfat and 6.3% had too much body fat, while only 4% of the girls were below the BF% reference values and 15% above. All girls and 86.5% of boys had too low total body water. In conclusion, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in population of Krakow adolescents was relatively low, but more than 12% of the adolescents had a hypertension or hypertriglyceridemia. Based on BMI most of adolescents were found to have adequate body weight, but examination of fat content in the body high prevalence of underfat was observed, especially among boys.
{"title":"145919","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/fmc.2023.145919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/fmc.2023.145919","url":null,"abstract":"Prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components is a growing issue, including pediatric populations. However, because of many definitions used, it is difficult to assess the true frequency of these problems. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of MetS and its components as well as the frequency of problems with inadequate nutritional status among adolescents. One hundred ninety-six teenagers aged 15-18 years, living in Krakow and its vicinity were examined including measurement of blood pressure, anthropometric parameters and blood levels of cholesterol and glucose. The prevalence of MetS was low and varied from 0.5% to 2.0% depending on the definition. Based on Cook's definition of MetS, the most common components were hypertension (12.8%) and hypertriglyceridemia (12.8%). Improper body weight (based on BMI) was found in 23.5% of adolescents, including 5.1% underweight, and 18.4% overweight or obese. According to the body fat percentage (BF%), 45.8% of the boys were underfat and 6.3% had too much body fat, while only 4% of the girls were below the BF% reference values and 15% above. All girls and 86.5% of boys had too low total body water. In conclusion, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in population of Krakow adolescents was relatively low, but more than 12% of the adolescents had a hypertension or hypertriglyceridemia. Based on BMI most of adolescents were found to have adequate body weight, but examination of fat content in the body high prevalence of underfat was observed, especially among boys.","PeriodicalId":12106,"journal":{"name":"Folia medica Cracoviensia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45004715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2023.145917
Drug-abuse detection tests are becoming increasingly commonplace in patient care today and provide a rapid and effective method for identifying illicit substances. Occasionally, they may yield a positive result, indicating the presence of a substance, even though the individual has not consumed the suspected drug what sometimes can significantly impact both medical and legal decisions. The study outlines the substances that can lead to false-positive drug test results for amphetamines, cannabinoids, and benzodiazepines. The study's findings have revealed pivotal insights for patients receiving chronic treatment and their primary care physicians. Notably, amphetamine assays appear to be most prone to cross-reactivity with other substances. The beta-blocker group of medications, confirmed by various studies to interfere with amphetamine assays, could pose a substantial challenge in drug screening given its widespread use. Efavirenz also warrants mention, as it frequently triggers positive results for both benzodiazepine and cannabinoid assays among its users. This research helps highlight new areas for further investigation and aims to guide clinicians in their daily practice, especially when interpreting questionable positive drug-abuse test results. This comprehensive review serves as a valuable resource for clinicians to navigate false-positive scenarios effectively and maintain the highest standard of patient care.
{"title":"145917","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/fmc.2023.145917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/fmc.2023.145917","url":null,"abstract":"Drug-abuse detection tests are becoming increasingly commonplace in patient care today and provide a rapid and effective method for identifying illicit substances. Occasionally, they may yield a positive result, indicating the presence of a substance, even though the individual has not consumed the suspected drug what sometimes can significantly impact both medical and legal decisions. The study outlines the substances that can lead to false-positive drug test results for amphetamines, cannabinoids, and benzodiazepines. The study's findings have revealed pivotal insights for patients receiving chronic treatment and their primary care physicians. Notably, amphetamine assays appear to be most prone to cross-reactivity with other substances. The beta-blocker group of medications, confirmed by various studies to interfere with amphetamine assays, could pose a substantial challenge in drug screening given its widespread use. Efavirenz also warrants mention, as it frequently triggers positive results for both benzodiazepine and cannabinoid assays among its users. This research helps highlight new areas for further investigation and aims to guide clinicians in their daily practice, especially when interpreting questionable positive drug-abuse test results. This comprehensive review serves as a valuable resource for clinicians to navigate false-positive scenarios effectively and maintain the highest standard of patient care.","PeriodicalId":12106,"journal":{"name":"Folia medica Cracoviensia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48513969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2023.145914
Pelvic venous disorder (PeVD) is a prevalent chronic condition characterized by the presence of varicose veins in the pelvis, leading to the development of chronic pelvic pain. Despite the growing interest in assessing quality of life in PeVD, well-designed and validated disease-specific questionnaires are missing. The objective of this study was a linguistic and clinical validation of the Symptom Questionnaire (SQ) in a cohort of Polish females with pelvic vein incompetence. The Polish version of SQ was developed using a standardized validation process that involved a back-and- forth translation protocol. A total of 58 female patients diagnosed with pelvic varicose veins, representing diverse educational back- grounds, participated in the study. Multiple issues were observed during linguistic validation, primarily originating from disparities between the Polish and British healthcare systems, as well as differing levels of sexual health education of those two populations. Cronbach α was calculated separately for each part of the questionnaire with results exceeded 0.6 for each section. Test-retest analysis indicated most Pearson correlation coefficients surpassing 0.70. The absolute agreement consistency between pretest and post-test measures, evaluated using the Intra Class Correlation (ICC), exceeded 0.8 in three sections and 0.7 in the remaining three sections. However, the clinical validation failed due to the lack of standardized score calculation proposed by the authors of the questionnaire and inaccurately assigned values in the answer key for five questions. Consequently, the practical utility of SQ in daily clinical settings remains uncertain, highlighting the urgent need for the development of a new, user-friendly questionnaire specifically tailored to assess the quality of life in individuals with PeVD.
{"title":"145914","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/fmc.2023.145914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/fmc.2023.145914","url":null,"abstract":"Pelvic venous disorder (PeVD) is a prevalent chronic condition characterized by the presence of varicose veins in the pelvis, leading to the development of chronic pelvic pain. Despite the growing interest in assessing quality of life in PeVD, well-designed and validated disease-specific questionnaires are missing. The objective of this study was a linguistic and clinical validation of the Symptom Questionnaire (SQ) in a cohort of Polish females with pelvic vein incompetence. The Polish version of SQ was developed using a standardized validation process that involved a back-and- forth translation protocol. A total of 58 female patients diagnosed with pelvic varicose veins, representing diverse educational back- grounds, participated in the study. Multiple issues were observed during linguistic validation, primarily originating from disparities between the Polish and British healthcare systems, as well as differing levels of sexual health education of those two populations. Cronbach α was calculated separately for each part of the questionnaire with results exceeded 0.6 for each section. Test-retest analysis indicated most Pearson correlation coefficients surpassing 0.70. The absolute agreement consistency between pretest and post-test measures, evaluated using the Intra Class Correlation (ICC), exceeded 0.8 in three sections and 0.7 in the remaining three sections. However, the clinical validation failed due to the lack of standardized score calculation proposed by the authors of the questionnaire and inaccurately assigned values in the answer key for five questions. Consequently, the practical utility of SQ in daily clinical settings remains uncertain, highlighting the urgent need for the development of a new, user-friendly questionnaire specifically tailored to assess the quality of life in individuals with PeVD.","PeriodicalId":12106,"journal":{"name":"Folia medica Cracoviensia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48676322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2023.145911
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory dermatosis. The most characteristic symptoms of the disease include itch, eczematous eruptions and excessive dryness of the skin. Elderly patients with AD represent a poorly characterized population because the physiological ageing, possible comorbidity and polypharmacy modify the clinical presentation typically observed in the younger age groups. The aim of the study is to comprehensively assess the clinical characteristics of elderly patients (>60 years old) with AD. Data were collected from 26 AD patients treated in the Department of Dermatology of the University Hospital in Krakow. Late-onset AD with generalized/prurigo lesions was the most predominant phenotype. Skin biopsy was required in 15 (58%) patients in the differential diagnosis process. Allergic rhinitis, a positive family history of atopy and xerosis were associated with a higher number of hospitalizations during the year prior to the last admission (p = 0.034, p = 0.046 and p = 0.036, respectively). Xerosis was more prevalent among subjects with polypharmacy (p = 0.046) and higher serum total IgE concentration (p = 0.048). AD in elderly patients is a new phenotype of the disease that requires careful differential diagnosis. Aged patients with an individual or family history of atopy, due to the increased incidence of severe exacerbations of AD, may benefit from the introduction of proactive therapy.
{"title":"145911","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/fmc.2023.145911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/fmc.2023.145911","url":null,"abstract":"Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory dermatosis. The most characteristic symptoms of the disease include itch, eczematous eruptions and excessive dryness of the skin. Elderly patients with AD represent a poorly characterized population because the physiological ageing, possible comorbidity and polypharmacy modify the clinical presentation typically observed in the younger age groups. The aim of the study is to comprehensively assess the clinical characteristics of elderly patients (>60 years old) with AD. Data were collected from 26 AD patients treated in the Department of Dermatology of the University Hospital in Krakow. Late-onset AD with generalized/prurigo lesions was the most predominant phenotype. Skin biopsy was required in 15 (58%) patients in the differential diagnosis process. Allergic rhinitis, a positive family history of atopy and xerosis were associated with a higher number of hospitalizations during the year prior to the last admission (p = 0.034, p = 0.046 and p = 0.036, respectively). Xerosis was more prevalent among subjects with polypharmacy (p = 0.046) and higher serum total IgE concentration (p = 0.048). AD in elderly patients is a new phenotype of the disease that requires careful differential diagnosis. Aged patients with an individual or family history of atopy, due to the increased incidence of severe exacerbations of AD, may benefit from the introduction of proactive therapy.","PeriodicalId":12106,"journal":{"name":"Folia medica Cracoviensia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46141934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2023.145918
QF-PCR is a widely used molecular biology method. To name just a few of its uses, it is considered to be useful in paternity tests, identification tests or prenatal diagnostics. Therefore, there is a good chance that medical faculty students would come into contact with this technology - directly or indirectly - during their professional work. The following article proposes a teaching classes scenario conducted in the problem-based learning manner, which aims to familiarize students with the QF-PCR technique. In addition, other modern methods of molecular genetics are among topics that students can learn during the problem-based learning modules. The classes are divided into three parts. In the first part, students learn about the possible usage of QF-PCR in paternity tests. The second part focuses on learning about the advantages and limitations of QF-PCR in prenatal diagnosis. Learning activities in the last part are designed to show the limitations of the diagnostic properties of the method - students analyze the case study, in which QF-PCR must be replaced by other modern methods of molecular genetics. By analyzing three independent stories, students learn about usage, advantages and limitations of QF-PCR, and additionally gain knowledge in basic, pre-clinical and clinical sciences. This course is designated as an elective course for final year medical students who have completed either: a basic genetics course, a molecular genetics course, a biochemistry course or a molecular biology course. The focus of the classes is to draw students' attention to the possible application and rapid development of molecular biology techniques, which is the base for modern therapeutic and diagnostic strategies.
{"title":"145918","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/fmc.2023.145918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/fmc.2023.145918","url":null,"abstract":"QF-PCR is a widely used molecular biology method. To name just a few of its uses, it is considered to be useful in paternity tests, identification tests or prenatal diagnostics. Therefore, there is a good chance that medical faculty students would come into contact with this technology - directly or indirectly - during their professional work. The following article proposes a teaching classes scenario conducted in the problem-based learning manner, which aims to familiarize students with the QF-PCR technique. In addition, other modern methods of molecular genetics are among topics that students can learn during the problem-based learning modules. The classes are divided into three parts. In the first part, students learn about the possible usage of QF-PCR in paternity tests. The second part focuses on learning about the advantages and limitations of QF-PCR in prenatal diagnosis. Learning activities in the last part are designed to show the limitations of the diagnostic properties of the method - students analyze the case study, in which QF-PCR must be replaced by other modern methods of molecular genetics. By analyzing three independent stories, students learn about usage, advantages and limitations of QF-PCR, and additionally gain knowledge in basic, pre-clinical and clinical sciences. This course is designated as an elective course for final year medical students who have completed either: a basic genetics course, a molecular genetics course, a biochemistry course or a molecular biology course. The focus of the classes is to draw students' attention to the possible application and rapid development of molecular biology techniques, which is the base for modern therapeutic and diagnostic strategies.","PeriodicalId":12106,"journal":{"name":"Folia medica Cracoviensia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42575625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2023.145915
Melanoma is a highly malignant neoplasm with the most typical primary locations in the skin and eyeball and rarely reported in the other organs, including the gallbladder. More commonly metastases of melanoma of various primary sites to the gallbladder are observed. However, generally melanoma of the gallbladder is a rare entity with only 217 cases reported in the literature up to date. The paper summarizes knowledge on epidemiology, symptoms, laboratory and imaging findings, morphology, treatment options, and outcome of patients with both primary and metastatic melanoma to the gallbladder.
{"title":"145915","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/fmc.2023.145915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/fmc.2023.145915","url":null,"abstract":"Melanoma is a highly malignant neoplasm with the most typical primary locations in the skin and eyeball and rarely reported in the other organs, including the gallbladder. More commonly metastases of melanoma of various primary sites to the gallbladder are observed. However, generally melanoma of the gallbladder is a rare entity with only 217 cases reported in the literature up to date. The paper summarizes knowledge on epidemiology, symptoms, laboratory and imaging findings, morphology, treatment options, and outcome of patients with both primary and metastatic melanoma to the gallbladder.","PeriodicalId":12106,"journal":{"name":"Folia medica Cracoviensia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47740089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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