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2012 12th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad)最新文献

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Design and analysis of a Hyperspectral Microwave receiver subsystem 高光谱微波接收机子系统的设计与分析
W. Blackwell, C. Galbraith, T. Hancock, R. Leslie, I. Osaretin, M. Shields, P. Racette, L. Hilliard
Recent technology advances have profoundly changed the landscape of modern radiometry by enabling miniaturized, low-power, and low-noise radio-frequency receivers operating at frequencies near 200 GHz and beyond. These advances enable the practical use of receiver arrays to multiplex multiple broad frequency bands into many spectral channels. We use the term “hyperspectral microwave” to refer generically to microwave sounding systems with approximately 50 spectral channels or more. In this paper, we report on the design and analysis of the receiver subsystem (lensed antenna, RF front-end electronics, and IF processor module) for the Hyperspectral Microwave Atmospheric Sounder (HyMAS) comprising multiple receivers near the oxygen absorption line at 118.75 GHz and the water vapor absorption line at 183.31 GHz. The hyperspectral microwave receiver system will be integrated into a new scanhead compatible with the NASA GSFC Conical Scanning Microwave Imaging Radiometer/Compact Submillimeter-wave Imaging Radiometer (CoSMIRlCoSSIR) airborne instrument system to facilitate demonstration and performance characterization under funding from the NASA ESTO Advanced Component Technology program. Four identical radiometers will be used to cover 108-119 GHz, and two identical receivers will be used to cover 173-183 GHz. Subharmonic mixers will be driven by frequency-multiplied dielectric resonant oscillators, and single-sideband operation will be achieved by waveguide filtering of the lower sideband. A relatively high IF frequency is chosen to facilitate miniaturization of the IF processor module, which will be fabricated using Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) technology. Corrugated feed antennas with lenses are used to achieve a FWHM beamwidth of approximately 3.5 degrees. Two polarizations are measured by each feed to increase overall channel count, and multiple options will be considered during the design phase for the polarization diplexing approach. Broadband operation over a relatively high intermediate frequency range (18-29 GHz) is a technical challenge of the front-end receiver systems, and a receiver temperature of approximately 2000-3000K is expected over the receiver bandwidth. This performance, together with approximately 100-msec integration times typical of airborne operation, yields channel NEDTs of approximately 0.35K, which is adequate to demonstrate the hyperspectral microwave concept by comparing profile retrievals with high-fidelity ground truth available either by coincident overpasses of hyperspectral infrared sounders and/or in situ radiosonde/dropsonde measurements.
最近的技术进步使小型化、低功耗、低噪声的射频接收器能够在200 GHz及以上的频率下工作,从而深刻地改变了现代辐射测量的格局。这些进步使接收器阵列的实际应用能够将多个宽频带复用到许多频谱通道中。我们使用“高光谱微波”一词泛指具有大约50个或更多光谱通道的微波探测系统。本文报道了高光谱微波大气探测仪(HyMAS)的接收子系统(透镜天线、射频前端电子器件和中频处理器模块)的设计和分析,该系统由位于118.75 GHz氧吸收线和183.31 GHz水蒸气吸收线附近的多个接收机组成。高光谱微波接收器系统将集成到一个新的扫描头中,该扫描头与NASA GSFC锥形扫描微波成像辐射计/紧凑型亚毫米波成像辐射计(CoSMIRlCoSSIR)机载仪器系统兼容,以促进NASA ESTO先进组件技术项目资助下的演示和性能表征。四个相同的辐射计将用于覆盖108-119 GHz,两个相同的接收器将用于覆盖173-183 GHz。次谐波混频器将由倍频介电谐振振荡器驱动,并通过下边带的波导滤波实现单边带工作。选择相对较高的中频频率以促进中频处理器模块的小型化,该模块将使用低温共烧陶瓷(LTCC)技术制造。带透镜的波纹馈电天线可实现约3.5度的频宽波束。每个馈线测量两个极化以增加总通道数,并且在极化双工方法的设计阶段将考虑多个选项。在相对较高的中频范围(18-29 GHz)上的宽带操作是前端接收机系统的技术挑战,在接收机带宽范围内,预计接收机温度约为2000-3000K。这种性能,再加上典型的机载操作大约100毫秒的集成时间,产生了大约0.35K的通道nedt,这足以通过高光谱红外探测仪和/或原位无线电探空仪/投下探空仪测量的同步立交,将剖面检索与高保真地面真相进行比较,来证明高光谱微波概念。
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引用次数: 0
Microwave Radiometers for Deep Space radioscience experiments: Instrumental internal noise characterization 深空辐射科学实验用微波辐射计:仪器内部噪声特性
J. Schween, S. Crewell, U. Loehnert, A. Martellucci, A. Graziani, P. Tortora, M. Mercolino, T. Rose
The main focus of this study is the characterization of internal noise of the Microwave Radiometer (MWR) to be located at an ESA Deep Space Antenna (DSA) site, to accurately retrieve the tropospheric path delay along the line-of-sight of the deep space probe. This would enable precise tropospheric calibration of radiometric observables (range and range-rate) with particular reference to the BepiColombo SIC and the Cebreros (S) DSA. The characterization of current MWRs technologies has been based on a detailed analysis of data collected at Cabauw (NL) remote sensing site with the available instruments.
本研究的主要重点是对安装在ESA深空天线(DSA)站点的微波辐射计(MWR)的内部噪声进行表征,以准确地获取深空探测器视距对流层路径延迟。这将使对流层辐射观测(距离和距离速率)的精确校准成为可能,特别是参考BepiColombo SIC和Cebreros (S) DSA。当前水堆技术的特征是基于对利用现有仪器在Cabauw (NL)遥感站点收集的数据的详细分析。
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引用次数: 1
MetOp Second Generation Microwave radiometers MetOp第二代微波辐射计
V. Kangas, S. D'addio, M. Betto, H. Barré, G. Mason
This paper presents an overview of three Microwave radiometers currently studied for MetOp Second Generation by European Space Agency (ESA). The radiometers are Microwave Sounder (MWS), Microwave Imager (MWI) and Ice Cloud Imager (ICI).
介绍了欧洲航天局(ESA)正在研究的MetOp第二代三种微波辐射计的概况。辐射计包括微波测深仪(MWS)、微波成像仪(MWI)和冰云成像仪(ICI)。
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引用次数: 15
Active and passive microwave systems in the assessment of flooded area fraction and mean water level in the Paraná River floodplain 主动和被动微波系统在帕拉纳河漫滩淹没面积分数和平均水位评价中的应用
M. Salvia, F. Grings, V. Barraza, P. Perna, H. Karszenbaum, P. Feirazzoli
This paper describes a procedure to estimate both the fraction of flooded area and the mean water level in vegetated river floodplains by using a synergy of passive and active microwave signatures. In particular, AMSR-E at X band, and C band ENVTSAT ASAR in Wide Swath mode and ALOS PALSAR in WB1 mode, are used. The method, which is an extension of previously developed algorithms based on passive data, exploits also model simulations of vegetation emissivity. The procedure is applied to two flooding events which occurred in the Paraná River Delta in 2007 and from December 2009 to April 2010. Obtained results are consistent with in situ measurements of river water level.
本文介绍了一种利用被动和主动微波信号协同估计植被河漫滩淹没面积和平均水位的方法。其中,使用了X波段的AMSR-E、C波段宽幅模式的ENVTSAT ASAR和WB1模式的ALOS PALSAR。该方法是先前开发的基于被动数据的算法的扩展,还利用了植被发射率的模型模拟。该程序应用于2007年和2009年12月至2010年4月发生在帕拉南河三角洲的两次洪水事件。所得结果与现场测量的河流水位一致。
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引用次数: 3
Analysis of the performance of the Microwave Imager radiometer for MetOp Second Generation MetOp第二代微波成像仪辐射计性能分析
G. Alberti, A. Memoli, G. Pica, M. Santovito, S. Varchetta, B. Buralli, M. Brandt, J. Charlton, J. Lahtinen, S. D'addio, V. Kangas
In the framework of the Phase A study for MetOp Second Generation mission (MetOp-SG), CORISTA developed an instrument performance model for MicroWave Imager (MWI) instrument that is currently studied for MetOp-SG. MWI is a conically scanning microwave radiometer, consisting of 28 channels and covering frequency range from 18 GHz up to 183 GHz. The corresponding algorithms have been implemented by means of dedicated software aimed to analyze the performance of the MWI. An analysis tool was developed for the instrument channels as well as for the overall system performance parameters. The software tool was developed in MatLab language.
在MetOp第二代任务(MetOp- sg)的A阶段研究框架中,CORISTA开发了微波成像仪(MWI)仪器的性能模型,该仪器目前正在为MetOp- sg研究。MWI是一种锥形扫描微波辐射计,由28个通道组成,覆盖频率范围从18 GHz到183 GHz。通过专用软件实现了相应的算法,分析了MWI的性能。开发了仪器通道和系统整体性能参数的分析工具。软件工具采用MatLab语言开发。
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引用次数: 0
Efficient modelling of rain field microwave attenuation and doppler noise for different drop size distributions 不同雨滴大小分布的雨场微波衰减和多普勒噪声的有效模拟
U. Siart, S. Hipp, T. Eibert, C. Chwala, H. Kunstmann
This work presents strategies to significantly improve the numerical efficiency and the accuracy of a simulator for electromagnetic scattering by rain which considers every single rain drop within a given volume. By also considering power extinction the rain-rate dependent signal attenuation is modeled in addition to the rain-rate dependent noise. In order to improve the efficiency of Mie scattering computation the evaluation of Bessel functions has been accelerated. Furthermore this paper presents investigations for downsizing the total simulation volume while retaining the signal's statistical properties.
本文提出了考虑给定体积内每一个雨滴的雨电磁散射模拟器的计算效率和精度显著提高的策略。在考虑功率消光的情况下,除考虑雨率相关噪声外,还对雨率相关信号衰减进行了建模。为了提高Mie散射计算的效率,加快了贝塞尔函数的计算速度。此外,本文还研究了在保留信号统计特性的同时减小模拟总量的方法。
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引用次数: 0
An Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) for the Aquarius/SAC-D soil moisture product Aquarius/SAC-D土壤湿度产品的观测系统模拟实验
S. M. I. Cintia A. Bruscantini, W. Crow, F. Grings, P. Perna, M. Maas, H. Karszenbaum, J. Jacobo-Berlles
An Observing System Simulation Experiment for the Aquarius/SAC-D mission is being developed for assessing the accuracy of soil moisture retrieval from passive and active L-band remote sensing. The implementation of the OSSE is based on: a 1-km land surface model over the Red-Arkansas River Basin, a backscatter model and a forward microwave emission model to simulate the radiometer and scatterometer observations, a realistic orbital and sensor model to resample the measurements, and an inverse soil moisture retrieval model. The simulation implements zero-order radiative transfer model for emission and Dubois model for backscattering. Retrieval is done by direct inversion. The Aquarius OSSE attempts to capture the influence of different error sources: land surface heterogeneity, instrument noise and retrieval ancillary parameter uncertainty. In order to assess the impact of these error sources on the estimated volumetric soil moisture, a quantitative error analysis is performed through the comparison between of footprint-scale synthetic soil moisture product and high spatial resolution degraded at coarse resolution `true' soil moisture product. The root mean squared errors are evaluated for all the conditions.
正在为Aquarius/SAC-D任务开发一个观测系统模拟实验,以评估从被动和主动l波段遥感反演土壤湿度的准确性。OSSE的实现基于:红阿肯色河流域1 km陆地表面模型,模拟辐射计和散射计观测的后向散射模型和正向微波发射模型,重新采样测量的真实轨道和传感器模型,以及土壤水分反演模型。模拟采用零阶辐射传递模型模拟发射,后向散射采用杜波依斯模型模拟。检索是通过直接反转完成的。Aquarius OSSE试图捕捉不同误差源的影响:地表异质性、仪器噪声和检索辅助参数的不确定性。为了评估这些误差源对估算体积土壤水分的影响,通过将足迹尺度合成土壤水分产品与高空间分辨率退化的粗分辨率“真实”土壤水分产品进行比较,进行定量误差分析。对所有条件下的均方根误差进行了评估。
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引用次数: 3
Modeling of the L-band emission and scattering of soil layers with consideration of moisture and temperature gradients 考虑湿度和温度梯度的土层l波段发射和散射模型
F. Demontoux, V. Mironov, H. Lawrence, L. Kosolapova, J. Wigneron, Y. Kerr
The studies were designed to ensure correct inclusion of profiles into our model. These promising results will be followed by a validation stage. To do that, we have experimental data sets. We have moisture measurements (with the presence of gradients) and emissivities from the site of SMOSREX (nearly no temperature gradients). On the other hand, we have measurements of high temperature gradients, moisture, emissivity and bi static scattering coefficients from a measurement site in Siberia [8].
这些研究的设计是为了确保正确地将档案纳入我们的模型。这些有希望的结果之后将进入验证阶段。为了做到这一点,我们有实验数据集。我们测量了SMOSREX的湿度(有梯度)和发射率(几乎没有温度梯度)。另一方面,我们在西伯利亚的一个测量站测量了高温梯度、湿度、发射率和双静态散射系数[8]。
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引用次数: 0
SMOS CP34 soil moisture and ocean salinity maps SMOS CP34土壤水分和海洋盐度图
J. Font, C. Gabarró, J. Ballabrera, A. Turiel, J. Martínez, M. Umbert, F. Pérez, N. Hoareau, M. Portabella, V. González, J. Gourrion, S. Guimbard, M. Piles, Adriano Camps, M. Vall-llossera
This paper presents the soil moisture and ocean salinity maps from the SMOS mission generated operationally by the Spanish SMOS Level 3 and 4 data processing center (CP34) and experimentally by the SMOS Barcelona Expert Center (SMOS-BEC).
本文介绍了西班牙SMOS 3级和4级数据处理中心(CP34)和SMOS巴塞罗那专家中心(SMOS- bec)在SMOS任务中生成的土壤水分和海洋盐度图。
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引用次数: 1
Imaging performance analysis for the Geostationary Interferometric Microwave Sounder (GIMS) demonstrator 地球同步干涉微波测深(GIMS)验证器成像性能分析
Cheng Zhang, Hao Liu, Ji Wu, Shengwei Zhang, Jingye Yan, Weiying Sun, Huilin Li
The Geostationary Interferometric Microwave Sounder (GIMS) is a new concept of atmosphere microwave sounder for China future geostationary earth orbit (GEO) meteorological satellite (FY-4). A GIMS proof-of-concept demonstrator operating at the temperature sounding bands of 50~56GHz is successfully developed. Some theoretical analysis and experimental results about the GIMS demonstrator imaging performance are briefly discussed. Some early test results are also present.
地球同步干涉微波测深仪(GIMS)是中国未来地球同步轨道气象卫星(FY-4)大气微波测深仪的新概念。成功研制了一种工作在50~56GHz温度探测波段的GIMS概念验证样机。简要讨论了GIMS演示器成像性能的一些理论分析和实验结果。一些早期的测试结果也出现了。
{"title":"Imaging performance analysis for the Geostationary Interferometric Microwave Sounder (GIMS) demonstrator","authors":"Cheng Zhang, Hao Liu, Ji Wu, Shengwei Zhang, Jingye Yan, Weiying Sun, Huilin Li","doi":"10.1109/MICRORAD.2012.6185265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MICRORAD.2012.6185265","url":null,"abstract":"The Geostationary Interferometric Microwave Sounder (GIMS) is a new concept of atmosphere microwave sounder for China future geostationary earth orbit (GEO) meteorological satellite (FY-4). A GIMS proof-of-concept demonstrator operating at the temperature sounding bands of 50~56GHz is successfully developed. Some theoretical analysis and experimental results about the GIMS demonstrator imaging performance are briefly discussed. Some early test results are also present.","PeriodicalId":122743,"journal":{"name":"2012 12th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134058893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
期刊
2012 12th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment (MicroRad)
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