Pub Date : 2022-05-20DOI: 10.32471/clinicaloncology.2663-466x.43-3.28619
С. Кротевич, С. С. Трохимич, М. В. Кошубарова, Л. В. Скорода, Ю.В. Вітрук, О.А. Войленко, О. А. Кононенко, О. Е. Стаховський, С.Л. Семко, М.В. Пікуль, Д. О. Кошель, П. С. Вукалович, Андрій Вячеславович Тимошенко, Олег Вікторович Буйвол, Е. О. Стаховський, С. М. Пасічник
Resume. The research presents a retrospective analysis of the examination and treatment results of 30 patients who underwent surgical removal of clear cell carcinoma during 2015–2019 at the National Cancer Institute. The criterion for inclusion in the study was the complete intrarenal placement of the tumor without spreading it to the kidney capsule (T1a–T2v stage, any N, any M). The aim of the research was to study the effect of tumor on morpho-functional changes in the kidneys depending on its size and the presence of systemic diseases (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, etc.). Results . The morphological research indicated the formation of a delimination zone between the tumor and the parenchyma of the kidney in the form of lymphoid cell infiltration and vascular proliferation, which directly increased with an increase in tumor size (p <0.05), and the presence of concomitant pathology accelerated and deepened the expressiveness of sclerotic changes in the form of sclerosis of the canals, progressive increase in the distance between them, thinning of their epithelium (p <0.001). Conclusions . It was found a statistically reliable inversely proportional dependence of a progressive decrease in the volume of functioning parenchyma of the kidney and a decrease in the rate of tumor filtration, which increases the size of the tumor (p <0.04), and the combination of large tumor size and concomitant pathology leads to a significant deterioration in the function of the tumor affected by the kidney tumor (p <0.02). the kidneys.
{"title":"Вплив пухлини та супутньої патології на морфо-функціональні зміни в нирках","authors":"С. Кротевич, С. С. Трохимич, М. В. Кошубарова, Л. В. Скорода, Ю.В. Вітрук, О.А. Войленко, О. А. Кононенко, О. Е. Стаховський, С.Л. Семко, М.В. Пікуль, Д. О. Кошель, П. С. Вукалович, Андрій Вячеславович Тимошенко, Олег Вікторович Буйвол, Е. О. Стаховський, С. М. Пасічник","doi":"10.32471/clinicaloncology.2663-466x.43-3.28619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32471/clinicaloncology.2663-466x.43-3.28619","url":null,"abstract":"Resume. The research presents a retrospective analysis of the examination and treatment results of 30 patients who underwent surgical removal of clear cell carcinoma during 2015–2019 at the National Cancer Institute. The criterion for inclusion in the study was the complete intrarenal placement of the tumor without spreading it to the kidney capsule (T1a–T2v stage, any N, any M). The aim of the research was to study the effect of tumor on morpho-functional changes in the kidneys depending on its size and the presence of systemic diseases (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, etc.). Results . The morphological research indicated the formation of a delimination zone between the tumor and the parenchyma of the kidney in the form of lymphoid cell infiltration and vascular proliferation, which directly increased with an increase in tumor size (p <0.05), and the presence of concomitant pathology accelerated and deepened the expressiveness of sclerotic changes in the form of sclerosis of the canals, progressive increase in the distance between them, thinning of their epithelium (p <0.001). Conclusions . It was found a statistically reliable inversely proportional dependence of a progressive decrease in the volume of functioning parenchyma of the kidney and a decrease in the rate of tumor filtration, which increases the size of the tumor (p <0.04), and the combination of large tumor size and concomitant pathology leads to a significant deterioration in the function of the tumor affected by the kidney tumor (p <0.02). the kidneys.","PeriodicalId":12287,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49438034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-20DOI: 10.32471/clinicaloncology.2663-466x.43-3.28613
{"title":"Дайджест XII Науково-практичної конференції з міжнародною участю «Сучасні підходи до діагностики та лікування лімфопроліферативних захворювань»","authors":"","doi":"10.32471/clinicaloncology.2663-466x.43-3.28613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32471/clinicaloncology.2663-466x.43-3.28613","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12287,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43418732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04Epub Date: 2022-03-29DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1120-21.2022
Xinyi Deng, Shizhe Chen, Marielena Sosa, Mattias P Karlsson, Xue-Xin Wei, Loren M Frank
Humans have the ability to store and retrieve memories with various degrees of specificity, and recent advances in reinforcement learning have identified benefits to learning when past experience is represented at different levels of temporal abstraction. How this flexibility might be implemented in the brain remains unclear. We analyzed the temporal organization of male rat hippocampal population spiking to identify potential substrates for temporally flexible representations. We examined activity both during locomotion and during memory-associated population events known as sharp-wave ripples (SWRs). We found that spiking during SWRs is rhythmically organized with higher event-to-event variability than spiking during locomotion-associated population events. Decoding analyses using clusterless methods further indicate that a similar spatial experience can be replayed in multiple SWRs, each time with a different rhythmic structure whose periodicity is sampled from a log-normal distribution. This variability increases with experience despite the decline in SWR rates that occurs as environments become more familiar. We hypothesize that the variability in temporal organization of hippocampal spiking provides a mechanism for storing experiences with various degrees of specificity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT One of the most remarkable properties of memory is its flexibility: the brain can retrieve stored representations at varying levels of detail where, for example, we can begin with a memory of an entire extended event and then zoom in on a particular episode. The neural mechanisms that support this flexibility are not understood. Here we show that hippocampal sharp-wave ripples, which mark the times of memory replay and are important for memory storage, have a highly variable temporal structure that is well suited to support the storage of memories at different levels of detail.
{"title":"A Variable Clock Underlies Internally Generated Hippocampal Sequences.","authors":"Xinyi Deng, Shizhe Chen, Marielena Sosa, Mattias P Karlsson, Xue-Xin Wei, Loren M Frank","doi":"10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1120-21.2022","DOIUrl":"10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1120-21.2022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Humans have the ability to store and retrieve memories with various degrees of specificity, and recent advances in reinforcement learning have identified benefits to learning when past experience is represented at different levels of temporal abstraction. How this flexibility might be implemented in the brain remains unclear. We analyzed the temporal organization of male rat hippocampal population spiking to identify potential substrates for temporally flexible representations. We examined activity both during locomotion and during memory-associated population events known as sharp-wave ripples (SWRs). We found that spiking during SWRs is rhythmically organized with higher event-to-event variability than spiking during locomotion-associated population events. Decoding analyses using clusterless methods further indicate that a similar spatial experience can be replayed in multiple SWRs, each time with a different rhythmic structure whose periodicity is sampled from a log-normal distribution. This variability increases with experience despite the decline in SWR rates that occurs as environments become more familiar. We hypothesize that the variability in temporal organization of hippocampal spiking provides a mechanism for storing experiences with various degrees of specificity.<b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> One of the most remarkable properties of memory is its flexibility: the brain can retrieve stored representations at varying levels of detail where, for example, we can begin with a memory of an entire extended event and then zoom in on a particular episode. The neural mechanisms that support this flexibility are not understood. Here we show that hippocampal sharp-wave ripples, which mark the times of memory replay and are important for memory storage, have a highly variable temporal structure that is well suited to support the storage of memories at different levels of detail.</p>","PeriodicalId":12287,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"43 1 1","pages":"3797-3810"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9087812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88222644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17347
Professor Danylo Fishelevych Gluzman, well-known Ukrainian oncohematologist, Head of the Oncohematology Department of R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine died on March 29, 2022 at the age of 85.
{"title":"DANYLO FISHELEVYCH GLUZMAN (1936-2022).","authors":"","doi":"10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17347","url":null,"abstract":"Professor Danylo Fishelevych Gluzman, well-known Ukrainian oncohematologist, Head of the Oncohematology Department of R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine died on March 29, 2022 at the age of 85.","PeriodicalId":12287,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"44 1 1","pages":"87-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44809427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17436
V. Grygorenko, Yevhen Afanasiev, R. Danylets, M. Vikarchuk, M. Kosyuchno, S. Pasichnyk
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in males worldwide and placed fifth in cancer mortality among males. Between 14-24% of PCa patients have newly diagnosed advanced stages, which paradoxically has remained stable over time. AIM To estimate and compare long-term radical prostatectomy (RP) oncologic outcomes in patients with clinically locally advanced prostate cancer (LAPCa), to determine the prognostic significance of common clinical-pathological parameters. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 105 patients with LAPCa who underwent RP with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy between September 2003 - April 2015. Kaplan - Meier method was used for calculating biochemical recurrence- (BRFS), progression-free- (PFS), overall (OS), and prostate cancer-specific survival (PCSS) rates. Analyses of features associated with outcomes were conducted using Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS Patients from cT3b group had worse PFS, OS and PCSS rates in comparison with cT3a, while there was no significant difference in BRFS rates. Preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen level (hazard ratio (HR) 1.023, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.014-1.033, p < 0.001), pT3a (HR 3,027, 95% CI: 1.449-7.096, p < 0.01), pT3b (HR 2.792, 95% CI: 1.133-6.881, p < 0.05) pT4 stage (HR 31.12, 95% CI: 7.646-126.6 p < 0.001) and positive lymph nodes status (HR 6.503, 95% CI: 3.190-13.25, p < 0.001) were significant factors in BRFS. Preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen level (HR 1.018, 95% CI: 1.007-1.030, p = 0.001) and positive lymph nodes status (HR 3.191, 95% CI: 1.672-6.088, p < 0.001) were significant factors in PFS and PCSS. CONCLUSIONS RP as the initial treatment option of multimodal therapy in the management of LAPCa patients demonstrates encouraging oncologic outcomes. Patients from the cT3b group had the worse rates of PFS, OS, and PCSS in comparison with the cT3a group. Heterogeneity of LAPCa patients' outcomes reflects the insufficiency of the existing clinical risk classification for the prediction of systemic progression and cancer-specific survival.
背景:前列腺癌(PCa)是全球男性中第二大最常诊断的癌症，在男性癌症死亡率中排名第五。14-24%的PCa患者新诊断为晚期，矛盾的是，随着时间的推移，这一比例一直保持稳定。目的评估和比较临床局部晚期前列腺癌(LAPCa)患者根治性前列腺切除术(RP)的长期肿瘤预后，以确定常见的临床病理参数对预后的意义。患者和方法该研究纳入了2003年9月至2015年4月期间接受RP合并盆腔淋巴结切除术的105例LAPCa患者。Kaplan - Meier法计算生化复发率(BRFS)、无进展率(PFS)、总生存率(OS)和前列腺癌特异性生存率(PCSS)。使用Cox比例风险回归模型分析与结果相关的特征。结果cT3b组患者的PFS、OS和PCSS率均低于cT3a组，而BRFS率差异无统计学意义。术前血清前列腺特异性抗原水平(危险比(HR) 1.023, 95%可信区间(CI): 1.014-1.033, p < 0.001)、pT3a (HR 3,027, 95% CI: 1.449-7.096, p < 0.01)、pT3b (HR 2.792, 95% CI: 1.133-6.881, p < 0.05)、pT4分期(HR 31.12, 95% CI: 7.646-126.6 p < 0.001)和淋巴结阳性状态(HR 6.503, 95% CI: 3.190-13.25, p < 0.001)是BRFS的显著因素。术前血清前列腺特异性抗原水平(HR 1.018, 95% CI: 1.007 ~ 1.030, p = 0.001)和淋巴结阳性状态(HR 3.191, 95% CI: 1.672 ~ 6.088, p < 0.001)是PFS和PCSS的显著影响因素。结论srp作为多模式治疗LAPCa患者的初始治疗选择，具有良好的肿瘤预后。与cT3a组相比，cT3b组患者的PFS、OS和PCSS发生率更低。LAPCa患者预后的异质性反映了现有临床风险分类在预测全身进展和癌症特异性生存方面的不足。
{"title":"LONG-TERM RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY ONCOLOGIC OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH CLINICALLY LOCALLY ADVANCED PROSTATE CANCER: A SINGLE-CENTER STUDY.","authors":"V. Grygorenko, Yevhen Afanasiev, R. Danylets, M. Vikarchuk, M. Kosyuchno, S. Pasichnyk","doi":"10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17436","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in males worldwide and placed fifth in cancer mortality among males. Between 14-24% of PCa patients have newly diagnosed advanced stages, which paradoxically has remained stable over time.\u0000\u0000\u0000AIM\u0000To estimate and compare long-term radical prostatectomy (RP) oncologic outcomes in patients with clinically locally advanced prostate cancer (LAPCa), to determine the prognostic significance of common clinical-pathological parameters.\u0000\u0000\u0000PATIENTS AND METHODS\u0000The study included 105 patients with LAPCa who underwent RP with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy between September 2003 - April 2015. Kaplan - Meier method was used for calculating biochemical recurrence- (BRFS), progression-free- (PFS), overall (OS), and prostate cancer-specific survival (PCSS) rates. Analyses of features associated with outcomes were conducted using Cox proportional hazards regression model.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Patients from cT3b group had worse PFS, OS and PCSS rates in comparison with cT3a, while there was no significant difference in BRFS rates. Preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen level (hazard ratio (HR) 1.023, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.014-1.033, p < 0.001), pT3a (HR 3,027, 95% CI: 1.449-7.096, p < 0.01), pT3b (HR 2.792, 95% CI: 1.133-6.881, p < 0.05) pT4 stage (HR 31.12, 95% CI: 7.646-126.6 p < 0.001) and positive lymph nodes status (HR 6.503, 95% CI: 3.190-13.25, p < 0.001) were significant factors in BRFS. Preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen level (HR 1.018, 95% CI: 1.007-1.030, p = 0.001) and positive lymph nodes status (HR 3.191, 95% CI: 1.672-6.088, p < 0.001) were significant factors in PFS and PCSS.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000RP as the initial treatment option of multimodal therapy in the management of LAPCa patients demonstrates encouraging oncologic outcomes. Patients from the cT3b group had the worse rates of PFS, OS, and PCSS in comparison with the cT3a group. Heterogeneity of LAPCa patients' outcomes reflects the insufficiency of the existing clinical risk classification for the prediction of systemic progression and cancer-specific survival.","PeriodicalId":12287,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"44 1 1","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47975260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17305
L. Lozynska, R. Pinyazhko, M. Lozynska, A. Pławski, H. Makukh, O. Lukavetskyy, M. Grzegotsky, O. Pinyazhko
AIM To determine the frequency of NOD2 gene c.3019-3020insC (rs5743293) and c.2104C>T (rs2066844) allelic variants in the patients with Crohn's disease (CD), colorectal cancer (CRC) and in the control groups and to study the association of these mutations with the onset time of the diseases, gender and surgical interventions. MATERIALS AND METHODS The diagnoses of CD and CRC were established based on standard clinical examination and laboratory tests. Molecular genetic study of a frameshift 3020insC mutations of NOD2 gene were performed in 54 patients with CD; missense R702W mutations of the NOD2 gene - in 41 CD patients and 38 healthy controls. In CRC group, 3020insC mutation was tested in 48 patients, R702W mutation - in 40 patients and 40 healthy controls. PCR-RFLP technique was used to identify the mutations. RESULTS The frequency of the minor allele (M) of 3020insC mutation of NOD2 gene in the patients with CD was significantly higher than in the control group (р = 0.01). The age at CD onset in females carrying 3020insC mutation was significantly lower (22.5 ± 1.6 years) when compared with females without the mutation (32.7 ± 2.5 years) (p = 0.002). There was no significant difference in the allele frequencies and genotype distributions of R702W mutation in the patients with CD in comparison with the controls. The mean age at CD onset in the patients carrying R702W mutation was significantly lower (28.4 ± 1.4 years) compared with the patients without the mutation (39.4 ± 2.8 years) (p < 0.01). Surgical interventions for CD was required in 40.0% of 3020insC mutation carriers. Among patients with CRC, only 4.2% carried 3020insC mutation and 20.0% R702W mutation. Our study suggests that R702W and 3020insC mutations are not associated with the risk of CRC in Ukrainian patients. There was no statistically significant difference in mean age at CRC onset in patients with/without R702W mutation. Only one patient with CRC had two mutations. CONCLUSION The earlier age at CD onset was associated with 3020insC mutation, but only in female patients. The association between R702W mutation and the earlier age of CD onset was found. Patients with 3020insC mutation showed a trend to a higher frequency of surgical interventions for CD.
{"title":"NOD2c.3019-3020insC AND c.2104C>T GENE VARIANTS AMONG PATIENTS FROM WESTERN UKRAINE WITH CROHN'S DISEASE AND COLORECTAL CANCER.","authors":"L. Lozynska, R. Pinyazhko, M. Lozynska, A. Pławski, H. Makukh, O. Lukavetskyy, M. Grzegotsky, O. Pinyazhko","doi":"10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17305","url":null,"abstract":"AIM\u0000To determine the frequency of NOD2 gene c.3019-3020insC (rs5743293) and c.2104C>T (rs2066844) allelic variants in the patients with Crohn's disease (CD), colorectal cancer (CRC) and in the control groups and to study the association of these mutations with the onset time of the diseases, gender and surgical interventions.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS\u0000The diagnoses of CD and CRC were established based on standard clinical examination and laboratory tests. Molecular genetic study of a frameshift 3020insC mutations of NOD2 gene were performed in 54 patients with CD; missense R702W mutations of the NOD2 gene - in 41 CD patients and 38 healthy controls. In CRC group, 3020insC mutation was tested in 48 patients, R702W mutation - in 40 patients and 40 healthy controls. PCR-RFLP technique was used to identify the mutations.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The frequency of the minor allele (M) of 3020insC mutation of NOD2 gene in the patients with CD was significantly higher than in the control group (р = 0.01). The age at CD onset in females carrying 3020insC mutation was significantly lower (22.5 ± 1.6 years) when compared with females without the mutation (32.7 ± 2.5 years) (p = 0.002). There was no significant difference in the allele frequencies and genotype distributions of R702W mutation in the patients with CD in comparison with the controls. The mean age at CD onset in the patients carrying R702W mutation was significantly lower (28.4 ± 1.4 years) compared with the patients without the mutation (39.4 ± 2.8 years) (p < 0.01). Surgical interventions for CD was required in 40.0% of 3020insC mutation carriers. Among patients with CRC, only 4.2% carried 3020insC mutation and 20.0% R702W mutation. Our study suggests that R702W and 3020insC mutations are not associated with the risk of CRC in Ukrainian patients. There was no statistically significant difference in mean age at CRC onset in patients with/without R702W mutation. Only one patient with CRC had two mutations.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The earlier age at CD onset was associated with 3020insC mutation, but only in female patients. The association between R702W mutation and the earlier age of CD onset was found. Patients with 3020insC mutation showed a trend to a higher frequency of surgical interventions for CD.","PeriodicalId":12287,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"44 1 1","pages":"52-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49311017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17455
Nur Ebru
Mutations in tumor suppressor genes, cell signaling, and genes associated with DNA repair lead to onset of colorectal cancer (CRC). Even though most CRC patients get clinical benefits from conventional treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, treatment success is still not at the desired level despite recent advances in CRC treatments. Therefore, further elucidation of the molecular signaling pathways involved in CRC progression will allow developing targeted therapies. With the detection of signaling pathways that lead to cancer progression and development of the successful treatment methods targeting these pathways, the progression of the disease can be prevented. This review provides an overview of the therapeutic roles of potential molecular targets in recent preclinical and clinical studies in CRC treatment.
{"title":"THERAPEUTIC TARGETING OF MOLECULAR PATHWAYS IN COLORECTAL CANCER.","authors":"Nur Ebru","doi":"10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17455","url":null,"abstract":"Mutations in tumor suppressor genes, cell signaling, and genes associated with DNA repair lead to onset of colorectal cancer (CRC). Even though most CRC patients get clinical benefits from conventional treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, treatment success is still not at the desired level despite recent advances in CRC treatments. Therefore, further elucidation of the molecular signaling pathways involved in CRC progression will allow developing targeted therapies. With the detection of signaling pathways that lead to cancer progression and development of the successful treatment methods targeting these pathways, the progression of the disease can be prevented. This review provides an overview of the therapeutic roles of potential molecular targets in recent preclinical and clinical studies in CRC treatment.","PeriodicalId":12287,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"44 1 1","pages":"2-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44363236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17496
Z. Moghaddam, Mina Rostami, A. Zeraatchi, H. Abadi, Farzaneh Karamitanha, Hamidreza Amirmoghaddami
BACKGROUND Side effects of chemotherapy in cancer patients need to be investigated in more detail. AIM To determine the incidence of cardiotoxicity in patients treated with different chemotherapy regimens containing 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in Zanjan, Iran. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a prospective cohort study, patients with different types of solid gastrointestinal tumors who were candidates for 5-FU based chemotherapy regimens were enrolled. The study population consisted of 100 patients (48 females and 52 males) with a mean age of 63.99 ± 12.40 years. We measured serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels before and during each chemotherapy cycle and determined the occurrence of cardiotoxicity in patients based on the levels of cTnI, clinical signs and symptoms as well as electrocardiogram findings. In addition, we assessed a history of diabetes, hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia and previous chest radiation as potential risk factors for cardiotoxicity. RESULTS The incidence of cardiotoxicity was 8%, of which 5 patients were diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome, 2 patients with arrhythmias and one with hypotension. In addition, there was no significant association between studied risk factors and 5-FU induced cardiotoxicity. CONCLUSION The incidence of cardiotoxicity in patients receiving 5-FU infusion regimens was notable. Thus, paying more attention to the 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity is necessary in order to improve the prognosis of patients with cancer.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF 5-FLUOROURACIL-INDUCED CARDIOTOXICITY: ROLE OF CARDIAC BIOMARKERS.","authors":"Z. Moghaddam, Mina Rostami, A. Zeraatchi, H. Abadi, Farzaneh Karamitanha, Hamidreza Amirmoghaddami","doi":"10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17496","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Side effects of chemotherapy in cancer patients need to be investigated in more detail.\u0000\u0000\u0000AIM\u0000To determine the incidence of cardiotoxicity in patients treated with different chemotherapy regimens containing 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in Zanjan, Iran.\u0000\u0000\u0000PATIENTS AND METHODS\u0000In a prospective cohort study, patients with different types of solid gastrointestinal tumors who were candidates for 5-FU based chemotherapy regimens were enrolled. The study population consisted of 100 patients (48 females and 52 males) with a mean age of 63.99 ± 12.40 years. We measured serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels before and during each chemotherapy cycle and determined the occurrence of cardiotoxicity in patients based on the levels of cTnI, clinical signs and symptoms as well as electrocardiogram findings. In addition, we assessed a history of diabetes, hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia and previous chest radiation as potential risk factors for cardiotoxicity.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The incidence of cardiotoxicity was 8%, of which 5 patients were diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome, 2 patients with arrhythmias and one with hypotension. In addition, there was no significant association between studied risk factors and 5-FU induced cardiotoxicity.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The incidence of cardiotoxicity in patients receiving 5-FU infusion regimens was notable. Thus, paying more attention to the 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity is necessary in order to improve the prognosis of patients with cancer.","PeriodicalId":12287,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"44 1 1","pages":"60-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44888571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17411
M. Kumar, A. Sarkar
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most lethal malignancies accountings for nearly 80% of all lung cancer cases diagnosed and causing over one million deaths annually worldwide. The discovery of molecular alterations including driver mutations and gene fusions has led to innovation of numerous targeted therapies, which certainly provided an edge over the classical chemotherapeutic treatment regimens and improved survival of the patients. Despite all the breakthrough innovations, the five-year survival statistics has not improved the way it was expected, pointing the challenges and limitations of currently approved diagnostic methods and therapies. This review summarizes various innovative therapies, treatment regimens developed over the last two decades for NSCLC treatment and the current challenges and limitations in the NSCLC treatment landscape.
{"title":"CURRENT THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES AND CHALLENGES IN NSCLC TREATMENT: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW.","authors":"M. Kumar, A. Sarkar","doi":"10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17411","url":null,"abstract":"Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most lethal malignancies accountings for nearly 80% of all lung cancer cases diagnosed and causing over one million deaths annually worldwide. The discovery of molecular alterations including driver mutations and gene fusions has led to innovation of numerous targeted therapies, which certainly provided an edge over the classical chemotherapeutic treatment regimens and improved survival of the patients. Despite all the breakthrough innovations, the five-year survival statistics has not improved the way it was expected, pointing the challenges and limitations of currently approved diagnostic methods and therapies. This review summarizes various innovative therapies, treatment regimens developed over the last two decades for NSCLC treatment and the current challenges and limitations in the NSCLC treatment landscape.","PeriodicalId":12287,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"44 1 1","pages":"7-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46279269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17329
M. Dybkov, M. Zavelevich, D. Gluzman, G. Telegeev
BACKGROUND Approximately 15% to 24% of essential thrombocythemia (ET) and 25-35% of primary myelofibrosis cases carry a mutation in the calreticulin (CALR) gene. Sanger sequencing, qPCR, high resolution melt or targeted next generation sequencing usually used to detect these mutations are expensive and require costly equipment. Nevertheless, type 1 CALR mutations are detectable by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and agarose gel electrophoresis. AIM To offer the use of the allele-specific reverse transcription (RT) PCR for rapid low-cost detection of the type 2 mutation in the CALR gene. MATERIALS AND METHODS Allele-specific primers designed for detecting type 2 mutation (5-bp insertion; c.1154_1155 ins TTGTC) of the CALR gene were used for allele-specific RT-PCR analysis of cDNA of the patient with JAK2-, MPL-negative ET, whose mutation in CALR gene has been identified by Sanger sequencing. RT-PCR samples were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. RESULTS The type 2 mutation (K385fs*47 ins5) in CALR gene was detected by Sanger sequencing in JAK2- and MPL-negative ET patient. The cDNA obtained was then re-analyzed by using allele-specific RT-PCR with newly designed primers. Normal and type 2 mutation alleles of the CALR gene were detected by gel electrophoresis. The results of allele-specific RT-PCR were consistent with the data of Sanger sequencing. CONCLUSION Allele-specific RT-PCR analysis may be used for the fast low-cost detection of the major type 2 mutation (ins 5) of the CALR gene in patients with MPNs.
大约15%至24%的原发性血小板增多症(ET)和25-35%的原发性骨髓纤维化病例携带钙网蛋白(CALR)基因突变。通常用于检测这些突变的Sanger测序、qPCR、高分辨率熔融测序或靶向下一代测序都是昂贵的，需要昂贵的设备。然而，1型CALR突变可以通过聚合酶链反应(PCR)和琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测到。目的:为快速低成本检测CALR基因2型突变提供等位基因特异性反转录(RT) PCR方法。材料与方法设计用于检测2型突变(5bp插入;利用CALR基因c.1154_1155 in TTGTC)的等位基因特异性RT-PCR分析JAK2-， mpl阴性ET患者的cDNA，该患者的CALR基因突变已被Sanger测序鉴定。采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳对RT-PCR样品进行分析。结果在JAK2-和mpl阴性ET患者中，Sanger测序检测到CALR基因2型突变(K385fs*47 ins5)。用新设计的引物对cDNA进行等位基因特异性RT-PCR分析。凝胶电泳检测CALR基因正常和2型突变等位基因。等位基因特异性RT-PCR结果与Sanger测序结果一致。结论等位基因特异性RT-PCR分析可用于MPNs患者CALR基因2型突变(ins 5)的快速低成本检测。
{"title":"RAPID LOW-COST DETECTION OF TYPE 2CALR MUTATION BY ALLELE-SPECIFIC RT-PCR FOR DIAGNOSIS OF MYELOPROLIFERATIVE NEOPLASMS.","authors":"M. Dybkov, M. Zavelevich, D. Gluzman, G. Telegeev","doi":"10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-1.17329","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Approximately 15% to 24% of essential thrombocythemia (ET) and 25-35% of primary myelofibrosis cases carry a mutation in the calreticulin (CALR) gene. Sanger sequencing, qPCR, high resolution melt or targeted next generation sequencing usually used to detect these mutations are expensive and require costly equipment. Nevertheless, type 1 CALR mutations are detectable by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and agarose gel electrophoresis.\u0000\u0000\u0000AIM\u0000To offer the use of the allele-specific reverse transcription (RT) PCR for rapid low-cost detection of the type 2 mutation in the CALR gene.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS\u0000Allele-specific primers designed for detecting type 2 mutation (5-bp insertion; c.1154_1155 ins TTGTC) of the CALR gene were used for allele-specific RT-PCR analysis of cDNA of the patient with JAK2-, MPL-negative ET, whose mutation in CALR gene has been identified by Sanger sequencing. RT-PCR samples were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The type 2 mutation (K385fs*47 ins5) in CALR gene was detected by Sanger sequencing in JAK2- and MPL-negative ET patient. The cDNA obtained was then re-analyzed by using allele-specific RT-PCR with newly designed primers. Normal and type 2 mutation alleles of the CALR gene were detected by gel electrophoresis. The results of allele-specific RT-PCR were consistent with the data of Sanger sequencing.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Allele-specific RT-PCR analysis may be used for the fast low-cost detection of the major type 2 mutation (ins 5) of the CALR gene in patients with MPNs.","PeriodicalId":12287,"journal":{"name":"Experimental oncology","volume":"44 1 1","pages":"83-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45791251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：