Atiku Musa, L. Dattijo, Muhammad Baffa Aminu, Henry O. Palmer, B. M. Audu
Cesarean section is the most common major surgical procedure in obstetrics, and its rate has increased globally in recent years. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence, indications, maternal/perinatal outcome, and complications of cesarean section in the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital Bauchi (ATBUTH), Bauchi, Nigeria. The study reviewed all cesarean sections performed between July 1, 2016, and June 30, 2019. Case notes of patients and records from the labor ward, theater, and special care baby unit were used to obtain data, which included age, parity, booking status, type of cesarean section, maternal morbidity and mortality, and the perinatal outcome. Analysis was done using SPSS version 21, and data was presented in tables and charts in addition to ratios, proportions, and percentages. A total of 10,705 deliveries were conducted during the review period, of which 3,380 were cesarean births, given a cesarean section rate of 31.57%. Emergency cesarean sections accounted for 67.72%, and 81.39% of all the sections were primary cesarean sections. Only 3,501 parturients (32.70%) were booked. Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (HDP), 733 (29.17), were the most common indication for the operation, followed by repeat cesarean section, 373(25.37%). About 87.86% of the fetuses were delivered alive, while 12.14% were stillborn and had an early neonatal death. Anemia was the most common postoperative complication seen in 13% of the women who had a cesarean delivery. The most debilitating complication was vesicovaginal fistula which occurred in eight patients (0.24%). The maternal mortality and perinatal mortality rates were 580/100,000 live births and 121.42/1000 babies, respectively, during the review period. The study showed a high rate of cesarean section in ATBUTH. The commonest indication was HDP, and anemia was the significant post-operative complication.
{"title":"Cesarean section at the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, northeast Nigeria: a 3-year retrospective review","authors":"Atiku Musa, L. Dattijo, Muhammad Baffa Aminu, Henry O. Palmer, B. M. Audu","doi":"10.4081/aamr.2024.468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/aamr.2024.468","url":null,"abstract":"Cesarean section is the most common major surgical procedure in obstetrics, and its rate has increased globally in recent years. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence, indications, maternal/perinatal outcome, and complications of cesarean section in the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital Bauchi (ATBUTH), Bauchi, Nigeria. The study reviewed all cesarean sections performed between July 1, 2016, and June 30, 2019. Case notes of patients and records from the labor ward, theater, and special care baby unit were used to obtain data, which included age, parity, booking status, type of cesarean section, maternal morbidity and mortality, and the perinatal outcome. Analysis was done using SPSS version 21, and data was presented in tables and charts in addition to ratios, proportions, and percentages. A total of 10,705 deliveries were conducted during the review period, of which 3,380 were cesarean births, given a cesarean section rate of 31.57%. Emergency cesarean sections accounted for 67.72%, and 81.39% of all the sections were primary cesarean sections. Only 3,501 parturients (32.70%) were booked. Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (HDP), 733 (29.17), were the most common indication for the operation, followed by repeat cesarean section, 373(25.37%). About 87.86% of the fetuses were delivered alive, while 12.14% were stillborn and had an early neonatal death. Anemia was the most common postoperative complication seen in 13% of the women who had a cesarean delivery. The most debilitating complication was vesicovaginal fistula which occurred in eight patients (0.24%). The maternal mortality and perinatal mortality rates were 580/100,000 live births and 121.42/1000 babies, respectively, during the review period. The study showed a high rate of cesarean section in ATBUTH. The commonest indication was HDP, and anemia was the significant post-operative complication.","PeriodicalId":123248,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medical Research","volume":" 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140684854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Solomon, Shofoluwe Nurudeen Adebola, Isa Abdulkadir, Hafsat Ahmad, Mohammed Ibrahim Babatunde, Shuiabu Iliyasu Yunusa, Usman Mohammed Aminu
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) can result in painful vascular occlusion crises, anoxia, and ischemia, which can occasionally cause damage to tissues and organs, including the auditory system, particularly the blood-rich cochlea. Despite being underreported, Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL) is a well-known consequence of SCD globally. The study’s objective was to determine the prevalence and pattern of hearing loss in children and adolescents aged 5 to 16 years old with SCD who were in steady state and were seen at the hematology and pediatric outpatient clinics at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH), Zaria, Nigeria. A prospective hospital-based case-control study was conducted with 125 children with SCD in steady state, aged 5 to 16, who were enrolled in the hematology clinic at the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital in Zaria, Nigeria, and 125 ‘age- and sex-matched healthy controls, who were selected from the ABUTH’s pediatric outpatient clinics. An organized questionnaire was used to collect fundamental data on the sociodemographic characteristics and medical history of the participants and controls. In a sound-treated booth, the participant’s hearing was evaluated using tympanometry and pure tone audiometry. Overall, 68 (54.4%) and 57 (45.6%) out of the 125 assessed participants were male and female, respectively, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.2:1 and the mean age 10.17±3.55 years. Due to age-sex matching, the subject’s age and sex distributions match those of the controls. Children with SCD experienced bilateral SNHL ≥25 dB in 32/125 (25.6%) cases (21 males;11 females). The control group, which had a HbAA phenotype that was normal, did not exhibit any hearing loss. 21/32 (65.6%) of the participants had mild (26-40 dB) hearing loss, and SNHL occurred more frequently in males (21/32 (65.6%) than in females (11/32 (34.4%). In comparison to 3(9.4%) HbSC and 1(3.1%) HbSS+F, SNHL was more common in individuals with 28(87.5%) HbSS phenotypes. While diverse frequencies were impacted in the affected participants, there was no consistency in the frequency pattern of hearing loss. The current study showed that SNHL is a frequent complication in children and adolescents with SCD. About 25% of children and adolescents with SCD experienced SNHL, which disproportionately affected males. Frequent audiometry should be carried out to check the children’s hearing levels and identify any early hearing losses so that interventions can be made to perhaps prevent associated speech and language issues that might cause educational challenges.
{"title":"Prevalence and pattern of sensorineural hearing loss among children and adolescents with sickle cell disease in a tertiary health facility, Northwest Nigeria","authors":"A. Solomon, Shofoluwe Nurudeen Adebola, Isa Abdulkadir, Hafsat Ahmad, Mohammed Ibrahim Babatunde, Shuiabu Iliyasu Yunusa, Usman Mohammed Aminu","doi":"10.4081/aamr.2023.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/aamr.2023.184","url":null,"abstract":"Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) can result in painful vascular occlusion crises, anoxia, and ischemia, which can occasionally cause damage to tissues and organs, including the auditory system, particularly the blood-rich cochlea. Despite being underreported, Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL) is a well-known consequence of SCD globally. The study’s objective was to determine the prevalence and pattern of hearing loss in children and adolescents aged 5 to 16 years old with SCD who were in steady state and were seen at the hematology and pediatric outpatient clinics at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH), Zaria, Nigeria. A prospective hospital-based case-control study was conducted with 125 children with SCD in steady state, aged 5 to 16, who were enrolled in the hematology clinic at the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital in Zaria, Nigeria, and 125 ‘age- and sex-matched healthy controls, who were selected from the ABUTH’s pediatric outpatient clinics. An organized questionnaire was used to collect fundamental data on the sociodemographic characteristics and medical history of the participants and controls. In a sound-treated booth, the participant’s hearing was evaluated using tympanometry and pure tone audiometry. Overall, 68 (54.4%) and 57 (45.6%) out of the 125 assessed participants were male and female, respectively, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.2:1 and the mean age 10.17±3.55 years. Due to age-sex matching, the subject’s age and sex distributions match those of the controls. Children with SCD experienced bilateral SNHL ≥25 dB in 32/125 (25.6%) cases (21 males;11 females). The control group, which had a HbAA phenotype that was normal, did not exhibit any hearing loss. 21/32 (65.6%) of the participants had mild (26-40 dB) hearing loss, and SNHL occurred more frequently in males (21/32 (65.6%) than in females (11/32 (34.4%). In comparison to 3(9.4%) HbSC and 1(3.1%) HbSS+F, SNHL was more common in individuals with 28(87.5%) HbSS phenotypes. While diverse frequencies were impacted in the affected participants, there was no consistency in the frequency pattern of hearing loss. The current study showed that SNHL is a frequent complication in children and adolescents with SCD. About 25% of children and adolescents with SCD experienced SNHL, which disproportionately affected males. Frequent audiometry should be carried out to check the children’s hearing levels and identify any early hearing losses so that interventions can be made to perhaps prevent associated speech and language issues that might cause educational challenges.","PeriodicalId":123248,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medical Research","volume":"5 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139247458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Osazee, Anthony Ezenwa Okpala, Oseihie Ignis Iribhogbe, J. Sodje
Infertility is the inability to achieve pregnancy within one year of regular unprotected coital exposures. It is a common gynecological problem in our environment. The cause of infertility could be of female origin, male origin, a combination of both, or idiopathic. It can be primary when there is no previous pregnancy, or secondary infertility when there is an inability to conceive after a previous conception. In secondary infertility, a tubal factor is the most typical cause globally. In a review of factors associated with tubal factor infertility in a tertiary hospital in southern Nigeria, the tubal aspect constituted 13.5%. It was due to previous post-abortion sepsis, puerperal sepsis, and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID). Awareness of infertility risk factors is an essential first step to safeguard future fertility; however, several studies demonstrated poor knowledge of tubal infertility and its risk factors, especially among infertile couples and couples attending gynecology clinics. This study assesses the knowledge of female youth corps members in Benin City, Edo State, on tubal factor infertility, its risk factors, and management. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among female youth corps members in Benin City using a multi-stage sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The data was entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25.0 (IBM SPSS V 25.0, Chicago, IL, USA) and presented using tables. From this study, there is good knowledge of the burden of tubal infertility and treatment implications (50.4%). However, the knowledge of tubal infertility (34.3%) and its risk factors (27.0%) was poor. Age, marriage, and the medical profession are associated with sound knowledge of the burden of tubal infertility (p=0.02). However, only the medical profession is independently associated with good knowledge of tubal infertility (AOR=2.963, p=0.006, CI=1.370-6.411). There is generally poor knowledge of tubal infertility among females of reproductive age, who are at higher risk of pelvic inflammatory disease being the most typical risk factor for tubal infertility. This calls for more health awareness programs for the youth to help safeguard their future fertility.
不孕症是指在定期无保护同房后一年内无法怀孕。在我们的环境中，这是一个常见的妇科问题。不孕不育的原因可能是女性原因、男性原因、两者兼有或特发性原因。如果之前没有怀孕，则可能是原发性不孕；如果之前受孕后无法怀孕，则可能是继发性不孕。在继发性不孕症中，输卵管因素是全球最典型的原因。在对尼日利亚南部一家三级医院输卵管因素不孕症相关因素的审查中，输卵管因素占 13.5%。其原因包括流产后败血症、产褥败血症和盆腔炎（PID）。对不孕不育风险因素的认识是保障未来生育能力必不可少的第一步；然而，多项研究表明，人们对输卵管性不孕及其风险因素知之甚少，尤其是在不孕夫妇和妇科诊所就诊的夫妇中。本研究评估了江户州贝宁市女青年团成员对输卵管因素性不孕症、其风险因素和处理方法的了解程度。研究采用多阶段抽样技术，对贝宁市的女青年团成员进行了横断面分析研究。数据收集采用自填式问卷。数据使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）25.0 版（IBM SPSS V 25.0，芝加哥，伊利诺斯州，美国）输入和分析，并用表格展示。从这项研究来看，人们对输卵管性不孕的负担和治疗意义有较好的了解（50.4%）。然而，对输卵管性不孕（34.3%）及其风险因素（27.0%）的了解较少。年龄、婚姻和医学专业与对输卵管性不孕负担的充分了解有关（P=0.02）。然而，只有医学专业与对输卵管性不孕的充分了解有独立联系（AOR=2.963，P=0.006，CI=1.370-6.411）。育龄女性对输卵管性不孕的了解普遍较少，而盆腔炎是输卵管性不孕最典型的风险因素，她们患盆腔炎的风险较高。这就需要针对年轻人开展更多的健康宣传计划，以帮助保障她们未来的生育能力。
{"title":"Awareness of risk factors associated with tubal infertility among female youth corps members in Benin City, Nigeria","authors":"K. Osazee, Anthony Ezenwa Okpala, Oseihie Ignis Iribhogbe, J. Sodje","doi":"10.4081/aamr.2023.182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/aamr.2023.182","url":null,"abstract":"Infertility is the inability to achieve pregnancy within one year of regular unprotected coital exposures. It is a common gynecological problem in our environment. The cause of infertility could be of female origin, male origin, a combination of both, or idiopathic. It can be primary when there is no previous pregnancy, or secondary infertility when there is an inability to conceive after a previous conception. In secondary infertility, a tubal factor is the most typical cause globally. In a review of factors associated with tubal factor infertility in a tertiary hospital in southern Nigeria, the tubal aspect constituted 13.5%. It was due to previous post-abortion sepsis, puerperal sepsis, and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID). Awareness of infertility risk factors is an essential first step to safeguard future fertility; however, several studies demonstrated poor knowledge of tubal infertility and its risk factors, especially among infertile couples and couples attending gynecology clinics. This study assesses the knowledge of female youth corps members in Benin City, Edo State, on tubal factor infertility, its risk factors, and management. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among female youth corps members in Benin City using a multi-stage sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The data was entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25.0 (IBM SPSS V 25.0, Chicago, IL, USA) and presented using tables. From this study, there is good knowledge of the burden of tubal infertility and treatment implications (50.4%). However, the knowledge of tubal infertility (34.3%) and its risk factors (27.0%) was poor. Age, marriage, and the medical profession are associated with sound knowledge of the burden of tubal infertility (p=0.02). However, only the medical profession is independently associated with good knowledge of tubal infertility (AOR=2.963, p=0.006, CI=1.370-6.411). There is generally poor knowledge of tubal infertility among females of reproductive age, who are at higher risk of pelvic inflammatory disease being the most typical risk factor for tubal infertility. This calls for more health awareness programs for the youth to help safeguard their future fertility.","PeriodicalId":123248,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medical Research","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139252513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Amole, I. Abubakar, Musa Bello, S. Farouk, Z. Iliyasu
Investigating the pivotal role of men in maternity care in the highly populous state of Kano, northern Nigeria, is crucial to improving maternal health outcomes, as they are powerful decision- makers. This study assessed the level and predictors of knowledge and participation of men in maternal health care. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was administered on a cross-section of 399 ever-married men. Predictors of male knowledge and participation in maternal health were determined using logistic regression analysis. Very few of the men (9.5%) had adequate aggregate knowledge, while many (72.2%) had good participation in maternal health care. Men with tertiary education were less likely to have poor knowledge (aOR) = 0.28, 95% CI [0.09- 0.89], and men whose highest educational qualification was at primary, secondary, and tertiary level were 61%, 54%, and 78% less likely to have poor participation in their wives’ utilization of maternal health services respectively. At the same time, men with lower incomes had increased odds of poor participation in their wives’ utilization of maternal health services. Men are largely ignorant of maternal health care services in Northern Nigeria, especially among the less well-educated. Maternal health programmers should increasingly educate and involve men as partners in reducing the disproportionately high maternal mortality in the region.
在尼日利亚北部人口众多的卡诺州，男性是强有力的决策者，因此调查男性在孕产妇保健中的关键作用对于改善孕产妇保健结果至关重要。本研究评估了男性在孕产妇保健方面的知识水平和参与情况，并预测了相关因素。对 399 名已婚男性进行了结构化访谈问卷调查。利用逻辑回归分析确定了男性对孕产妇保健的了解和参与的预测因素。只有极少数男性（9.5%）拥有足够的综合知识，而许多男性（72.2%）都能很好地参与孕产妇保健。受过高等教育的男性不太可能对孕产妇保健知识知之甚少（aOR）= 0.28，95% CI [0.09-0.89]；最高学历为小学、中学和大学的男性在其妻子利用孕产妇保健服务方面参与度较低的可能性分别为 61%、54% 和 78%。与此同时，收入较低的男性在其妻子利用孕产妇保健服务方面表现不佳的几率也有所增加。在尼日利亚北部，男性对孕产妇保健服务大多一无所知，尤其是在受教育程度较低的人群中。孕产妇保健计划制定者应更多地教育男性，让他们成为合作伙伴，共同降低该地区过高的孕产妇死亡率。
{"title":"Predictors of male knowledge and participation in maternal health care in urban Kano, northern Nigeria","authors":"T. Amole, I. Abubakar, Musa Bello, S. Farouk, Z. Iliyasu","doi":"10.4081/aamr.2023.174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/aamr.2023.174","url":null,"abstract":"Investigating the pivotal role of men in maternity care in the highly populous state of Kano, northern Nigeria, is crucial to improving maternal health outcomes, as they are powerful decision- makers. This study assessed the level and predictors of knowledge and participation of men in maternal health care. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was administered on a cross-section of 399 ever-married men. Predictors of male knowledge and participation in maternal health were determined using logistic regression analysis. Very few of the men (9.5%) had adequate aggregate knowledge, while many (72.2%) had good participation in maternal health care. Men with tertiary education were less likely to have poor knowledge (aOR) = 0.28, 95% CI [0.09- 0.89], and men whose highest educational qualification was at primary, secondary, and tertiary level were 61%, 54%, and 78% less likely to have poor participation in their wives’ utilization of maternal health services respectively. At the same time, men with lower incomes had increased odds of poor participation in their wives’ utilization of maternal health services. Men are largely ignorant of maternal health care services in Northern Nigeria, especially among the less well-educated. Maternal health programmers should increasingly educate and involve men as partners in reducing the disproportionately high maternal mortality in the region.","PeriodicalId":123248,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medical Research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139250588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Mohammed, Abdulkadir Saleh Mshelia, Mohammad Bello Ahmad, A. Busari
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a public health problem with rising incidence worldwide. Nigeria appears to be badly hit by this epidemic; therefore, there is a need to assess a more reliable marker devoid of limitations. This study evaluated serum cystatin C as an early biochemical marker of renal disease in chronic kidney disease patients in the Kano metropolis. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital and Muhammad Wase Specialist Hospital (MWSH) in Kano, Nigeria. A total of 150 subjects comprised 100 chronic kidney disease patients, and 50 apparently healthy subjects as controls. The serum creatinine was measured by the Jaffe Method, cystatin C by immunoturbidometric method, and glomerular filtration rates were estimated using CKD-EPI and modified diet in renal disease formulae. One-way Analysis of Variance was used to compare the Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) of the chronic kidney disease patients with the control groups. In this study, the multiple comparisons of the estimated glomerular filtration rate showed that cystatin C-based glomerular filtration rate gave a direct and accurate measurement of independent of age, and muscle mass with the estimated glomerular filtration rate of ≤60 mL/min/1.73m2 in chronic kidney disease patients substantially lower as compared to the control group and newly diagnosed chronic kidney disease patients. Serum cystatin C-based glomerular filtration rate gave a direct and accurate measurement of independent of age, and muscle mass and thus suggestive of a better marker of early detection of chronic kidney disease. Creatinine-based glomerular filtration rate has been relatively inexpensive and widely used for the diagnosis of renal function. However, to address its limitations caused by the influence of some factors, cystatin C-based glomerular filtration rate gave a direct and accurate measurement independent of age, sex, and muscle mass.
{"title":"Evaluation of serum cystatin C as an early marker of renal disease in Chronic Kidney Disease patients in Kano","authors":"I. Mohammed, Abdulkadir Saleh Mshelia, Mohammad Bello Ahmad, A. Busari","doi":"10.4081/aamr.2023.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/aamr.2023.175","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a public health problem with rising incidence worldwide. Nigeria appears to be badly hit by this epidemic; therefore, there is a need to assess a more reliable marker devoid of limitations. This study evaluated serum cystatin C as an early biochemical marker of renal disease in chronic kidney disease patients in the Kano metropolis. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital and Muhammad Wase Specialist Hospital (MWSH) in Kano, Nigeria. A total of 150 subjects comprised 100 chronic kidney disease patients, and 50 apparently healthy subjects as controls. The serum creatinine was measured by the Jaffe Method, cystatin C by immunoturbidometric method, and glomerular filtration rates were estimated using CKD-EPI and modified diet in renal disease formulae. One-way Analysis of Variance was used to compare the Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) of the chronic kidney disease patients with the control groups. In this study, the multiple comparisons of the estimated glomerular filtration rate showed that cystatin C-based glomerular filtration rate gave a direct and accurate measurement of independent of age, and muscle mass with the estimated glomerular filtration rate of ≤60 mL/min/1.73m2 in chronic kidney disease patients substantially lower as compared to the control group and newly diagnosed chronic kidney disease patients. Serum cystatin C-based glomerular filtration rate gave a direct and accurate measurement of independent of age, and muscle mass and thus suggestive of a better marker of early detection of chronic kidney disease. Creatinine-based glomerular filtration rate has been relatively inexpensive and widely used for the diagnosis of renal function. However, to address its limitations caused by the influence of some factors, cystatin C-based glomerular filtration rate gave a direct and accurate measurement independent of age, sex, and muscle mass.","PeriodicalId":123248,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medical Research","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114885524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. N. Achie, J. Igashi, Banlibo Dubo Augustine, N. S. Emmanuel, A. Mohammed, Y. Lawal
Bone loss in postmenopausal women is majorly due to estrogen deficiency. The objective of this study was to determine correlates of serum C-Terminal Telopeptides of Type I Collagen levels (Ctx), a bone resorption marker, in rural postmenopausal women as compared with their premenopausal counterparts. The study was carried out on 38 premenopausal and 75 postmenopausal women in Zuturung, Kaduna state, Nigeria. Subjects were selected, questionnaires were administered to them, anthropometric parameters were determined and fasting blood samples were collected by venipuncture. The blood samples were centrifuged and the samples stored for further analysis using standard methods in the Department of Chemical Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika. Results were presented as mean ± SD, data were analyzed using student t test, and a p value of <0.05 considered to be significant while associations between variables were determined by Pearsons’ correlation using SPSS version 23. The postmenopausal subjects had reduced mean serum calcium (2.30±0.35mg/dL), decreased mean serum Ctx (135.20±42.90ng/mL) and a longer mean waist circumference (89.63±10.66cm) as compared with the premenopausal women (2.37±0.15mg/dL, 155.90±88.70ng/mL & 83.73±8.00cm respectively). While the waist circumference demonstrated a negative correlation with mean serum Ctx that however was not significant (p>0.05). The mean serum Ctx of postmenopausal women with different educational status of the postmenopausal women showed no significant difference. In conclusion, rural postmenopausal women had a lower mean serum calcium and mean serum C-tx (a bone resorption marker) than premenopausal women. They also presented with a longer waist circumference, a negative correlation of their waist circumference with the mean serum Ctx with an equally no significant difference in mean Ctx level in their respective educational status.
{"title":"Correlates of bone resorption marker C-Telopeptide of type-I collagen for rural postmenopausal women in Zuturung, Kaduna State, Nigeria","authors":"L. N. Achie, J. Igashi, Banlibo Dubo Augustine, N. S. Emmanuel, A. Mohammed, Y. Lawal","doi":"10.4081/aamr.2022.164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/aamr.2022.164","url":null,"abstract":"Bone loss in postmenopausal women is majorly due to estrogen deficiency. The objective of this study was to determine correlates of serum C-Terminal Telopeptides of Type I Collagen levels (Ctx), a bone resorption marker, in rural postmenopausal women as compared with their premenopausal counterparts. The study was carried out on 38 premenopausal and 75 postmenopausal women in Zuturung, Kaduna state, Nigeria. Subjects were selected, questionnaires were administered to them, anthropometric parameters were determined and fasting blood samples were collected by venipuncture. The blood samples were centrifuged and the samples stored for further analysis using standard methods in the Department of Chemical Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika. Results were presented as mean ± SD, data were analyzed using student t test, and a p value of <0.05 considered to be significant while associations between variables were determined by Pearsons’ correlation using SPSS version 23. The postmenopausal subjects had reduced mean serum calcium (2.30±0.35mg/dL), decreased mean serum Ctx (135.20±42.90ng/mL) and a longer mean waist circumference (89.63±10.66cm) as compared with the premenopausal women (2.37±0.15mg/dL, 155.90±88.70ng/mL & 83.73±8.00cm respectively). While the waist circumference demonstrated a negative correlation with mean serum Ctx that however was not significant (p>0.05). The mean serum Ctx of postmenopausal women with different educational status of the postmenopausal women showed no significant difference. In conclusion, rural postmenopausal women had a lower mean serum calcium and mean serum C-tx (a bone resorption marker) than premenopausal women. They also presented with a longer waist circumference, a negative correlation of their waist circumference with the mean serum Ctx with an equally no significant difference in mean Ctx level in their respective educational status.","PeriodicalId":123248,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130529557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Obalowu, Abdulkadir Mohammed, C. Ademola, Ramat Yusuf, K. Alabi, W. Alaofin
The aim of this study is to compare the prevalence, severity, and symptoms of Distal Symmetrical Polyneuropathy (DSP) among adult patients with diabetes and those without diabetes in a primary care clinic. It was a cross-sectional comparative study involving 72 adults of between 40-60 years of age living with diabetes and 72 age-matched adults without diabetes. DSP was assessed with a biothesiometer device, and data analysis was performed using the SPSS Version 21 statistical software. The overall prevalence of neuropathy among the participants was 68.1% for those living with diabetes and 38.9% for the other group. Furthermore, 22.3% of the diabetes group had severe neuropathy compared with 8.3% of the other group. These differences were found to be statistically significant with p=0.001 (df = 2, X2 = 14.07). We reported higher prevalence and severity of DSP in those living with diabetes. We also found significant association between high VPT (≥25V) and presence of neuropathic symptoms thereby enhancing the use of the biothesiometer device in the diagnosis of adults with DSP in the primary care setting.
本研究的目的是比较初级保健诊所中成年糖尿病患者和非糖尿病患者的远端对称性多神经病变(DSP)的患病率、严重程度和症状。这是一项横断面比较研究，涉及72名年龄在40-60岁之间的糖尿病患者和72名年龄匹配的无糖尿病成年人。采用生物等距仪对DSP进行评估，使用SPSS Version 21统计软件进行数据分析。糖尿病患者的神经病变总体患病率为68.1%，另一组为38.9%。此外，22.3%的糖尿病组有严重的神经病变，而另一组为8.3%。这些差异有统计学意义，p=0.001 (df = 2, X2 = 14.07)。我们报道了糖尿病患者中较高的DSP患病率和严重程度。我们还发现高VPT(≥25V)与神经病变症状之间存在显著关联，从而在初级保健机构中加强了生物测量装置在成人DSP诊断中的应用。
{"title":"Distal symmetrical polyneuropathy detected by vibration perception threshold among adults with and without diabetes attending a general outpatient clinic in Ilorin, Nigeria","authors":"I. Obalowu, Abdulkadir Mohammed, C. Ademola, Ramat Yusuf, K. Alabi, W. Alaofin","doi":"10.4081/aamr.2022.159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/aamr.2022.159","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to compare the prevalence, severity, and symptoms of Distal Symmetrical Polyneuropathy (DSP) among adult patients with diabetes and those without diabetes in a primary care clinic. It was a cross-sectional comparative study involving 72 adults of between 40-60 years of age living with diabetes and 72 age-matched adults without diabetes. DSP was assessed with a biothesiometer device, and data analysis was performed using the SPSS Version 21 statistical software. The overall prevalence of neuropathy among the participants was 68.1% for those living with diabetes and 38.9% for the other group. Furthermore, 22.3% of the diabetes group had severe neuropathy compared with 8.3% of the other group. These differences were found to be statistically significant with p=0.001 (df = 2, X2 = 14.07). We reported higher prevalence and severity of DSP in those living with diabetes. We also found significant association between high VPT (≥25V) and presence of neuropathic symptoms thereby enhancing the use of the biothesiometer device in the diagnosis of adults with DSP in the primary care setting.","PeriodicalId":123248,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medical Research","volume":"672 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132396485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Alkali, A. A. Chiroma, R. M. Tinja, Muhammad Garba, J. Dunga, A. Saidu, Y. A. Misau, A. Mohammed, Y. Jibrin, M. S. Umar, R. Dachi, F. Saad
Stroke education programs at schools and colleges help to promote public knowledge of stroke, but the impact in Nigeria is not well known. This study assessed stroke-related knowledge and attitudes among university students in Nigeria, where health studies are parts of college curricula. This was a cross-sectional study of students at three universities in Northeast Nigeria. Using questionnaire survey, we assessed biographical data and participant knowledge of the primary site, warning signs and risk factors of stroke. Responses were graded on a knowledge score, where ≥2.5 points indicated adequate knowledge. Data were analyzed with the SPSS version 21 program. We studied 824 participants, 67.1% males. Males were older than females (mean age ± SD: 27.42±5.58 years versus 26.27±5.31 years; P = 0.009; 95% CI: 0.29 – 1.99) and 14.5% participants had stroke lectures during general studies. Major sources of stroke knowledge were personal discussions (44.6%) and internet websites (24.5%). Only 15.7% participants correctly identified the brain as the primary site of stroke, while knowledge of one or more stroke warning signs and risk factors were noted in 42.2% and 49.6%, respectively. Mean knowledge score was 1.08 ± 0.99. Adequate knowledge of stroke was noted in 13.2% participants, and was higher in females (17.7% versus 10.7%; P = 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed significant associations between adequate knowledge of stroke with female sex (OR 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2 – 2.8; P = 0.008) and a history of stroke in close relatives (OR 1.7; 95% CI: 1.1 – 2.6; P = 0.025) but not with age, academic discipline or stroke lectures. University students in Northeast Nigeria have low knowledge of stroke, which is worse in males. Although health issues are taught at universities, little is taught on stroke, suggesting a need to prioritize stroke knowledge in the university curriculum.
{"title":"Stroke-related knowledge and attitudes among university students in Northeast Nigeria","authors":"N. Alkali, A. A. Chiroma, R. M. Tinja, Muhammad Garba, J. Dunga, A. Saidu, Y. A. Misau, A. Mohammed, Y. Jibrin, M. S. Umar, R. Dachi, F. Saad","doi":"10.4081/aamr.2022.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/aamr.2022.163","url":null,"abstract":"Stroke education programs at schools and colleges help to promote public knowledge of stroke, but the impact in Nigeria is not well known. This study assessed stroke-related knowledge and attitudes among university students in Nigeria, where health studies are parts of college curricula. This was a cross-sectional study of students at three universities in Northeast Nigeria. Using questionnaire survey, we assessed biographical data and participant knowledge of the primary site, warning signs and risk factors of stroke. Responses were graded on a knowledge score, where ≥2.5 points indicated adequate knowledge. Data were analyzed with the SPSS version 21 program. We studied 824 participants, 67.1% males. Males were older than females (mean age ± SD: 27.42±5.58 years versus 26.27±5.31 years; P = 0.009; 95% CI: 0.29 – 1.99) and 14.5% participants had stroke lectures during general studies. Major sources of stroke knowledge were personal discussions (44.6%) and internet websites (24.5%). Only 15.7% participants correctly identified the brain as the primary site of stroke, while knowledge of one or more stroke warning signs and risk factors were noted in 42.2% and 49.6%, respectively. Mean knowledge score was 1.08 ± 0.99. Adequate knowledge of stroke was noted in 13.2% participants, and was higher in females (17.7% versus 10.7%; P = 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed significant associations between adequate knowledge of stroke with female sex (OR 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2 – 2.8; P = 0.008) and a history of stroke in close relatives (OR 1.7; 95% CI: 1.1 – 2.6; P = 0.025) but not with age, academic discipline or stroke lectures. University students in Northeast Nigeria have low knowledge of stroke, which is worse in males. Although health issues are taught at universities, little is taught on stroke, suggesting a need to prioritize stroke knowledge in the university curriculum.","PeriodicalId":123248,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medical Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128271899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Tsiga-Ahmed, Kefas J. Kwaghe, Adamu M. Mukhtar, M. Bello, R. Jalo, A. Kwaku, U. Ibrahim, T. Amole
Harmful use of drugs is one of the principal risk factors affecting population health worldwide. Chronic use has been linked to medical, psychological and socioeconomic consequences. This study assessed the psychosocial consequences and reasons for illicit drug use among police officers in Kano, Nigeria. Using a mixed method of data collection, quantitative data was obtained from a cross-section of 275 officers using the Shortened Inventory of Problems-Drug Use (SIP–DU) and a pretested adapted questionnaire. In-depth interviews with 10 officers who used illicit drugs provided additional information. Almost half of the respondents (46.5%, n=128) were in their fourth decade of life with a mean age (±SD) of 35.1 ± 7.7 years. Over a quarter of the respondents (n=75) reported ever using illicit drugs, out of which 14.9% (n=41) were current users. Among the current drug users, 80.5% (n=33) attested to having money problems, 61.0% (n=25) agreed that they had spent too much money, and 56.1% (n=23) failed to do what was expected of them as a result of drug use and have hurt their family. Helping to stay awake and improving confidence were the major reasons (100%, n=41) for drug use mentioned by the respondents. The Nigerian Police Force should look into easing shifts and introducing stress-relieving activities. There is also the need to strengthen substance education and counselling and support officers with confidence issues, sleep disorders, and treat those with mood disorders.
{"title":"Psychosocial consequences and reasons for illicit drug use among police officers in a northern Nigerian city: A mixed-method study","authors":"F. Tsiga-Ahmed, Kefas J. Kwaghe, Adamu M. Mukhtar, M. Bello, R. Jalo, A. Kwaku, U. Ibrahim, T. Amole","doi":"10.4081/aamr.2022.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/aamr.2022.161","url":null,"abstract":"Harmful use of drugs is one of the principal risk factors affecting population health worldwide. Chronic use has been linked to medical, psychological and socioeconomic consequences. This study assessed the psychosocial consequences and reasons for illicit drug use among police officers in Kano, Nigeria. Using a mixed method of data collection, quantitative data was obtained from a cross-section of 275 officers using the Shortened Inventory of Problems-Drug Use (SIP–DU) and a pretested adapted questionnaire. In-depth interviews with 10 officers who used illicit drugs provided additional information. Almost half of the respondents (46.5%, n=128) were in their fourth decade of life with a mean age (±SD) of 35.1 ± 7.7 years. Over a quarter of the respondents (n=75) reported ever using illicit drugs, out of which 14.9% (n=41) were current users. Among the current drug users, 80.5% (n=33) attested to having money problems, 61.0% (n=25) agreed that they had spent too much money, and 56.1% (n=23) failed to do what was expected of them as a result of drug use and have hurt their family. Helping to stay awake and improving confidence were the major reasons (100%, n=41) for drug use mentioned by the respondents. The Nigerian Police Force should look into easing shifts and introducing stress-relieving activities. There is also the need to strengthen substance education and counselling and support officers with confidence issues, sleep disorders, and treat those with mood disorders.","PeriodicalId":123248,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medical Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125677715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the world’s deadliest infectious disease that affects a third of the world’s population and newly infected an estimated 10 million people in 2018. The number of TB infected Nigerians ranks sixth in the world and first in Africa. Kano State has the highest Nigerian TB prevalence. I aimed to identify Paediatric TB care challenges as perceived by Kano Medical and DOT health care providers. The study design was prospective, descriptive and cross sectional involving structured questionnaire interviews of 43 healthcare providers, during TB supervision visits of 10 Health facilities in Kano. Generated data was entered, validated and analysed using the STATA 13 statistical software package. The sample size was convenient, since it is the number of all the health providers working in the facilities assigned to the author for supervision under a supervision contract with KNCV in 2017. Of the 43 respondents, there were 26 males, with a M: F ratio of 1.5: 1. Those health workers aged from 30 and 40 years constituted 58% of respondents. The staff cadre of respondents comprised of Community Health Extension Workers [CHEW] (40%), doctors (30%) and nurses (3%). Up to 51% of respondents had over 10 years health worker experience and greater than 36 months Child TB DOT care provision. The most commonly identified challenges to paediatric TB care included poor health knowledge (97.7%), poor health seeking behaviour (95.4%), poverty (95.4%), the inability of children to cough up sputum 95.4%, late presentation (90.7%), contact tracing logistics (90.7 %), patient and community factors of stigma and discrimination (86%) and poor health worker paediatric TB knowledge (70%). Perceived health worker challenges to effective Paediatric TB care were the adult orientation of the TB programme and its contact tracing logistic challenges, inadequate health worker Paediatric TB knowledge, children’s inability to cough up sputum, poverty, poor patient TB health knowledge, community stigma and discrimination, poor health seeking behaviour and late presentation.
{"title":"Challenges to paediatric tuberculosis care as perceived by health workers in Kano, North-western Nigeria","authors":"F. Hassan-Hanga","doi":"10.4081/aamr.2022.138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/aamr.2022.138","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) remains the world’s deadliest infectious disease that affects a third of the world’s population and newly infected an estimated 10 million people in 2018. The number of TB infected Nigerians ranks sixth in the world and first in Africa. Kano State has the highest Nigerian TB prevalence. I aimed to identify Paediatric TB care challenges as perceived by Kano Medical and DOT health care providers. The study design was prospective, descriptive and cross sectional involving structured questionnaire interviews of 43 healthcare providers, during TB supervision visits of 10 Health facilities in Kano. Generated data was entered, validated and analysed using the STATA 13 statistical software package. The sample size was convenient, since it is the number of all the health providers working in the facilities assigned to the author for supervision under a supervision contract with KNCV in 2017. Of the 43 respondents, there were 26 males, with a M: F ratio of 1.5: 1. Those health workers aged from 30 and 40 years constituted 58% of respondents. The staff cadre of respondents comprised of Community Health Extension Workers [CHEW] (40%), doctors (30%) and nurses (3%). Up to 51% of respondents had over 10 years health worker experience and greater than 36 months Child TB DOT care provision. The most commonly identified challenges to paediatric TB care included poor health knowledge (97.7%), poor health seeking behaviour (95.4%), poverty (95.4%), the inability of children to cough up sputum 95.4%, late presentation (90.7%), contact tracing logistics (90.7 %), patient and community factors of stigma and discrimination (86%) and poor health worker paediatric TB knowledge (70%). Perceived health worker challenges to effective Paediatric TB care were the adult orientation of the TB programme and its contact tracing logistic challenges, inadequate health worker Paediatric TB knowledge, children’s inability to cough up sputum, poverty, poor patient TB health knowledge, community stigma and discrimination, poor health seeking behaviour and late presentation.","PeriodicalId":123248,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medical Research","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116453726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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