Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1177/03795721241228060
Irwin H Rosenberg
This article is a commentary on the role of vitamin B12 in age-related cognitive decline, with a meta-commentary on the misuse of the term "Alzheimer's Disease." The article describes the historical origins of the term "Alzheimer's Disease" and argues that the term should be restricted to a narrower segment of the age-related dementia spectrum. The article also outlines the role of vitamin B12 in age-related cognitive decline and outlines the rationale for the treatment of B12 deficiency to address a potentially reversible factor in cognitive decline.
{"title":"Vitamin B12 and Age-Related Cognitive Decline-Dementia and \"Alzheimer's Disease\".","authors":"Irwin H Rosenberg","doi":"10.1177/03795721241228060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03795721241228060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article is a commentary on the role of vitamin B<sub>12</sub> in age-related cognitive decline, with a meta-commentary on the misuse of the term \"Alzheimer's Disease.\" The article describes the historical origins of the term \"Alzheimer's Disease\" and argues that the term should be restricted to a narrower segment of the age-related dementia spectrum. The article also outlines the role of vitamin B<sub>12</sub> in age-related cognitive decline and outlines the rationale for the treatment of B<sub>12</sub> deficiency to address a potentially reversible factor in cognitive decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":"45 1_suppl","pages":"S50-S52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-07-30DOI: 10.1177/03795721241250104
Ishita Mostafa, Umme Habiba Lamiya, Md Golam Rasul, Nurun Nahar Naila, Shah Mohammad Fahim, S M Tafsir Hasan, Michael J Barratt, Jeffrey I Gordon, Tahmeed Ahmed
Background: A randomized controlled trial in Bangladeshi children aged 12 to 18 months with moderate acute malnutrition found that dietary supplementation with the microbiota-directed complementary food (MDCF-2) significantly improved weight gain and repaired gut microbiota compared to the ready-to-use supplementary food. However, the MDCF-2 formulation was made daily from locally available ingredients and the need for a packaged, nutritionally compliant, and organoleptically acceptable MDCF-2 prototype was essential for future large-scale clinical studies.
Objective: The study aimed to develop and assess the acceptability of 3 alternative foil-packaged formulations of MDCF-2 in comparison to current MDCF-2.
Methods: Of the 3 packaged formulations, the Jumpstart version was provided in 2 sachets, the other 2 formulations were provided in a retort-stable foil pouch extended by sterilization, and microbiological growth was monitored over 10 months. The acceptability study included 40 children aged 8 to 12 months living in an urban slum in Dhaka, and the organoleptic properties were assessed using a 7-point hedonic scale.
Results: In the 100 g distributed over the 2 sessions, children consumed 82.5 ± 7.84 g (mean ± SD) of kitchen-prepared MDCF-2, 85.4 ± 7.15 g of the "Jumpstart" MDCF-2 formulation, 85.4 ± 8.70 g of the MDCF-2 with green banana powder, and 86.2 ± 4.26 g of the MDCF-2 with sweet potato formulation. The "Jumpstart" MDCF-2 and MDCF-2 with sweet potato achieved the highest overall acceptability scores on the hedonic scale; although none of the shelf-stable formulations were significantly different from the kitchen-prepared MDCF-2.
Conclusions: Packaged, shelf-stable prototypes of MDCF-2 exhibited comparable acceptability among Bangladeshi children aged 8 to 12 months to the original freshly prepared formulation.
Plain language title: Development and Acceptability of Shelf-Stable Microbiota-Directed Complementary Foods.
{"title":"Development and Acceptability of Shelf-Stable Microbiota Directed Complementary Food Formulations.","authors":"Ishita Mostafa, Umme Habiba Lamiya, Md Golam Rasul, Nurun Nahar Naila, Shah Mohammad Fahim, S M Tafsir Hasan, Michael J Barratt, Jeffrey I Gordon, Tahmeed Ahmed","doi":"10.1177/03795721241250104","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721241250104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A randomized controlled trial in Bangladeshi children aged 12 to 18 months with moderate acute malnutrition found that dietary supplementation with the microbiota-directed complementary food (MDCF-2) significantly improved weight gain and repaired gut microbiota compared to the ready-to-use supplementary food. However, the MDCF-2 formulation was made daily from locally available ingredients and the need for a packaged, nutritionally compliant, and organoleptically acceptable MDCF-2 prototype was essential for future large-scale clinical studies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to develop and assess the acceptability of 3 alternative foil-packaged formulations of MDCF-2 in comparison to current MDCF-2.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Of the 3 packaged formulations, the Jumpstart version was provided in 2 sachets, the other 2 formulations were provided in a retort-stable foil pouch extended by sterilization, and microbiological growth was monitored over 10 months. The acceptability study included 40 children aged 8 to 12 months living in an urban slum in Dhaka, and the organoleptic properties were assessed using a 7-point hedonic scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the 100 g distributed over the 2 sessions, children consumed 82.5 ± 7.84 g (mean ± SD) of kitchen-prepared MDCF-2, 85.4 ± 7.15 g of the \"Jumpstart\" MDCF-2 formulation, 85.4 ± 8.70 g of the MDCF-2 with green banana powder, and 86.2 ± 4.26 g of the MDCF-2 with sweet potato formulation. The \"Jumpstart\" MDCF-2 and MDCF-2 with sweet potato achieved the highest overall acceptability scores on the hedonic scale; although none of the shelf-stable formulations were significantly different from the kitchen-prepared MDCF-2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Packaged, shelf-stable prototypes of MDCF-2 exhibited comparable acceptability among Bangladeshi children aged 8 to 12 months to the original freshly prepared formulation.</p><p><strong>Plain language title: </strong>Development and Acceptability of Shelf-Stable Microbiota-Directed Complementary Foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"67-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141792362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1177/03795721241227782
Anne-Lise Bjørke-Monsen
Background: An optimal cobalamin status is necessary for normal neurodevelopment.
Objective: To give a description of the epidemiology, pathophysiology and diagnostic challenges related to cobalamin insufficiency in neonates and infants in order to prevent its occurence.
Results: Inadequate cobalamin status is prevalent among neonates and young infants, due to a high prevalence of maternal cobalamin deficiency, exclusive breastfeeding for extended periods and late introduction of animal food. Cobalamin insufficiency is associated with delayed neurodevelopment and subtle clinical symptoms like feeding difficulties, regurgitations and constipation in young infants. Early diagnosis and treatment of impaired cobalamin status is important to prevent neurologic damage.
Conclusion: Clinical suspicion of cobalamin insufficiency in infants should infer immediate biochemical testing and a plasma total homocysteine > 5.0 µmol/L indicate cobalamin insufficiency in need of intramuscular treatment with hydroxycobalamin, followed by introduction of animal food after 4 months of age.
{"title":"Defining Optimal Cobalamin Status for Neonates and Infants.","authors":"Anne-Lise Bjørke-Monsen","doi":"10.1177/03795721241227782","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721241227782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>An optimal cobalamin status is necessary for normal neurodevelopment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To give a description of the epidemiology, pathophysiology and diagnostic challenges related to cobalamin insufficiency in neonates and infants in order to prevent its occurence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Inadequate cobalamin status is prevalent among neonates and young infants, due to a high prevalence of maternal cobalamin deficiency, exclusive breastfeeding for extended periods and late introduction of animal food. Cobalamin insufficiency is associated with delayed neurodevelopment and subtle clinical symptoms like feeding difficulties, regurgitations and constipation in young infants. Early diagnosis and treatment of impaired cobalamin status is important to prevent neurologic damage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinical suspicion of cobalamin insufficiency in infants should infer immediate biochemical testing and a plasma total homocysteine > 5.0 µmol/L indicate cobalamin insufficiency in need of intramuscular treatment with hydroxycobalamin, followed by introduction of animal food after 4 months of age.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":"45 1_suppl","pages":"S16-S22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1177/03795721241229502
Luis Adolfo Santos-Calderón, Alejandra Rojas-Gómez, Carla Ramos-Rodríguez, Michelle M Murphy
Background: Little attention has been given to prenatal cobalamin insufficiency in settings where dietary cobalamin intake is presumed adequate, such as populations with habitual intake of foods from animal sources.
Results: However, low cobalamin status in women of fertile age has been reported in Europe, United States, and Canada. In India, where cobalamin deficiency is highly prevalent, it has been associated with an increased risk of miscarriage, intrauterine growth retardation, as well as insulin resistance and lower neurodevelopment scores in the offspring. Low cobalamin status in pregnancy has been associated with similar outcomes as those reported in the Indian studies although the evidence is scant and conflicting.
Conclusions: Consideration should be given to maternal cobalamin status in the context of prevention of adverse pregnancy outcomes as well as cobalamin insufficiency both in the mother and the offspring during lactation. Further attention is now justified with the increasing tendency toward plant-based diets. Reference intervals for cobalamin status during each trimester of pregnancy are needed and further investigation of the long-term conse-quences of low cobalamin status during pregnancy for health and development in the offspring is warranted.
{"title":"Indicators of Cobalamin Status During Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome and Long-Term Effects on Offspring Health.","authors":"Luis Adolfo Santos-Calderón, Alejandra Rojas-Gómez, Carla Ramos-Rodríguez, Michelle M Murphy","doi":"10.1177/03795721241229502","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721241229502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Little attention has been given to prenatal cobalamin insufficiency in settings where dietary cobalamin intake is presumed adequate, such as populations with habitual intake of foods from animal sources.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>However, low cobalamin status in women of fertile age has been reported in Europe, United States, and Canada. In India, where cobalamin deficiency is highly prevalent, it has been associated with an increased risk of miscarriage, intrauterine growth retardation, as well as insulin resistance and lower neurodevelopment scores in the offspring. Low cobalamin status in pregnancy has been associated with similar outcomes as those reported in the Indian studies although the evidence is scant and conflicting.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Consideration should be given to maternal cobalamin status in the context of prevention of adverse pregnancy outcomes as well as cobalamin insufficiency both in the mother and the offspring during lactation. Further attention is now justified with the increasing tendency toward plant-based diets. Reference intervals for cobalamin status during each trimester of pregnancy are needed and further investigation of the long-term conse-quences of low cobalamin status during pregnancy for health and development in the offspring is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":"45 1_suppl","pages":"S10-S15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1177/03795721241241552
Clara H M Plattel
Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency is a critical medical condition that, if left untreated, can lead to severe symptoms and potentially serious and life-threatening complications. Clinical guidelines are designed to provide a standardized approach to diagnosis and treatment, aiming for consistency and effectiveness. However, it is well-established that not all patients fit into general guidelines.
Objective: To investigate the clinical relevance of the submitted research to support these protocols for diagnosing and treating a B12 deficiency.
Approach: Conducting a literature review of the references focused and used on diagnosing and treating vitamin B12 deficiency in adults and children.
Results: No robust clinical trial nor RCT has been found to back up the current protocols. The research used is primarily based on assumptions rather than solid clinical evidence.
Conclusion: Existing guidelines for vitamin B12 deficiency need to be significantly revised and improved through clinical research, clinical experience by experts in the field with input from patient groups worldwide.
{"title":"Lack of Clinical Evidence Regarding the Guidelines for Vitamin B12 Deficiency: An Analysis From Literature and Recommendations From Clinical Practice.","authors":"Clara H M Plattel","doi":"10.1177/03795721241241552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03795721241241552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin B12 deficiency is a critical medical condition that, if left untreated, can lead to severe symptoms and potentially serious and life-threatening complications. Clinical guidelines are designed to provide a standardized approach to diagnosis and treatment, aiming for consistency and effectiveness. However, it is well-established that not all patients fit into general guidelines.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the clinical relevance of the submitted research to support these protocols for diagnosing and treating a B12 deficiency.</p><p><strong>Approach: </strong>Conducting a literature review of the references focused and used on diagnosing and treating vitamin B12 deficiency in adults and children.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No robust clinical trial nor RCT has been found to back up the current protocols. The research used is primarily based on assumptions rather than solid clinical evidence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Existing guidelines for vitamin B12 deficiency need to be significantly revised and improved through clinical research, clinical experience by experts in the field with input from patient groups worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":"45 1_suppl","pages":"S80-S85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-05-08DOI: 10.1177/03795721241248214
Viviane Aurelie Tapsoba, Ella W R Compaore, Augustin Nawidimbasba Zeba, Jerome Winbetourefa Some, Inoussa Ky, Julien Soliba Manga, Adama Diouf, Jean-Claude Moubarac, Stefanie Vandevijvere, Mamoudou H Dicko
Background: Governments have a central role to play in creating a food environment that will enable people to have and maintain healthy eating practices.
Objectives: This study analyzes public policies and government actions related to creating healthy food environments in Burkina Faso.
Methods: The Healthy Food Environment Policy Index tool used for this study has 2 components, 13 domains, and 56 indicators of good practice adapted to the Burkina Faso context. Official policy documents collected from data sources such as government and nongovernment websites, and through interviews with government and nongovernment resource persons, provided evidence of considerations of food environment in public policy documents in Burkina Faso.
Results: Policies documents show a lack of revision of old texts and administrative processes for new policies and government practices are very slow. Added to this is the absence of a regulatory document for some implemented actions. The analysis of the documents collected in relation to the indicators of Food-EPI tool shows that there is no evidence of consideration of food environments for the indicators concerning the regulation of nutrition and health claims, labeling, taxes on healthy and unhealthy foods, support systems for training for private structures on healthy diets, implementation of food guidelines, and food trade and investment.
Conclusion: This study permits a review of public policies that take into account food environments through the various indicators and constitutes a starting point from which improvements can be made by the government.
Plain language title: Overview of Nutrition Policies, Taking Into Account All the Dimensions That Can Influence People's Food Choices Across Government, the Food Industry and Society.
{"title":"Food Environment in Burkina Faso: Review of Public Policies and Government Actions Using the Food-EPI Tool.","authors":"Viviane Aurelie Tapsoba, Ella W R Compaore, Augustin Nawidimbasba Zeba, Jerome Winbetourefa Some, Inoussa Ky, Julien Soliba Manga, Adama Diouf, Jean-Claude Moubarac, Stefanie Vandevijvere, Mamoudou H Dicko","doi":"10.1177/03795721241248214","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721241248214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Governments have a central role to play in creating a food environment that will enable people to have and maintain healthy eating practices.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study analyzes public policies and government actions related to creating healthy food environments in Burkina Faso.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Healthy Food Environment Policy Index tool used for this study has 2 components, 13 domains, and 56 indicators of good practice adapted to the Burkina Faso context. Official policy documents collected from data sources such as government and nongovernment websites, and through interviews with government and nongovernment resource persons, provided evidence of considerations of food environment in public policy documents in Burkina Faso.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Policies documents show a lack of revision of old texts and administrative processes for new policies and government practices are very slow. Added to this is the absence of a regulatory document for some implemented actions. The analysis of the documents collected in relation to the indicators of Food-EPI tool shows that there is no evidence of consideration of food environments for the indicators concerning the regulation of nutrition and health claims, labeling, taxes on healthy and unhealthy foods, support systems for training for private structures on healthy diets, implementation of food guidelines, and food trade and investment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study permits a review of public policies that take into account food environments through the various indicators and constitutes a starting point from which improvements can be made by the government.</p><p><strong>Plain language title: </strong>Overview of Nutrition Policies, Taking Into Account All the Dimensions That Can Influence People's Food Choices Across Government, the Food Industry and Society.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"74-90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140876178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-25DOI: 10.1177/03795721241240014
Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora, Salvador Villalpando, Teresa Shamah-Levy
Background:Despite the emergence of diverse programs in Mexico to address anemia and micronutrient deficiencies in disadvantaged groups, progress on reducing their prevalence has stagnated. In Mexico, anemia surveillance at the population level is conducted through the National Health and Nutrition Survey ENSANUT (for its acronym in Spanish).Objective:To overview the trends in anemia and iron deficiency (ID) from 1999 to 2018-19 in the Mexican population before COVID-19 pandemic.Methods:Data from five nationwide surveys in Mexico were used. Where available, data on anemia, ID, and ID anemia (IDA) were extracted from ENSANUTs 1999, 2006, 2012, 2016, and 2018-19 in participants from 1 to 99 years old. Blood sample collection methods were similar across surveys (1999-2018) where capillary drop blood was used to estimate Hb using a HemoCue and serum blood samples to measure ferritin and C-reactive protein concentration.Results:The trend in anemia prevalence shows a U-shape from 1999 to 2018-19 in <60 years old. In older adults (≥60 years), an increasing trend was observed. Anemia declined progressively from 1999 to 2012 but increased from 2016 to 2018-19 in comparison with 2012. In contrast, ID declined from 2006 to 2018-19, mainly in children, while IDA did not change over this period. In older adults, ID prevalence remained constant over time.Conclusions:The shifting trend in anemia prevalence across ENSANUTs 1999 through 2018-19 did not mimic the decreasing trend of ID over the same period of time. Other noncausal factors seem to play an important role in the variability of hemoglobin measurements.
{"title":"Overview of Trends in Anemia and Iron Deficiency in the Mexican Population From 1999 to 2018-19","authors":"Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora, Salvador Villalpando, Teresa Shamah-Levy","doi":"10.1177/03795721241240014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03795721241240014","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Despite the emergence of diverse programs in Mexico to address anemia and micronutrient deficiencies in disadvantaged groups, progress on reducing their prevalence has stagnated. In Mexico, anemia surveillance at the population level is conducted through the National Health and Nutrition Survey ENSANUT (for its acronym in Spanish).Objective:To overview the trends in anemia and iron deficiency (ID) from 1999 to 2018-19 in the Mexican population before COVID-19 pandemic.Methods:Data from five nationwide surveys in Mexico were used. Where available, data on anemia, ID, and ID anemia (IDA) were extracted from ENSANUTs 1999, 2006, 2012, 2016, and 2018-19 in participants from 1 to 99 years old. Blood sample collection methods were similar across surveys (1999-2018) where capillary drop blood was used to estimate Hb using a HemoCue and serum blood samples to measure ferritin and C-reactive protein concentration.Results:The trend in anemia prevalence shows a U-shape from 1999 to 2018-19 in <60 years old. In older adults (≥60 years), an increasing trend was observed. Anemia declined progressively from 1999 to 2012 but increased from 2016 to 2018-19 in comparison with 2012. In contrast, ID declined from 2006 to 2018-19, mainly in children, while IDA did not change over this period. In older adults, ID prevalence remained constant over time.Conclusions:The shifting trend in anemia prevalence across ENSANUTs 1999 through 2018-19 did not mimic the decreasing trend of ID over the same period of time. Other noncausal factors seem to play an important role in the variability of hemoglobin measurements.","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140802511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background:Food-based strategies have a high potential of improving the diet quality and reducing the prevalence of nutrient deficiencies in agriculture-dependent communities. Their design is however complex with trade-offs that are rarely systematically presented to allow replication and efficient contextualization.Objective:The systematic design of a food-based strategy to improve the dietary diversity of children in rural farming communities in Uganda.Methods:The intervention mapping protocol was used to provide a systematic approach to developing theory-based and evidence-based intervention methods and strategy.Results:The priority behavioral and environmental determinants identified were related to food production, consumption, and efficacy while the personal determinants focused on knowledge, skills, self-efficacy, attitude, and outcome expectations. The aim of the resulting strategy was set to improve the availability, accessibility, and consumption of diverse foods, with a particular focus on production diversity, production practices, market access, and market diversity. Behaviour change methods were selected to enhance ability and self-efficacy, strategic goal setting, and provision of feedback. The strategy focused on household groups for learning, demonstration, practice, and social support. The validation showed that the determinants and actors incorporated in the strategy were important and relevant for improving the productivity, food availability, dietary diversity, livelihoods, and health of rural farming households and communities.Conclusion:Application of the protocol yielded a contextualized food-based strategy that can be adjusted for use in other smallholder contexts in developing countries by piloting implementation plans based on the strategy; reassessing the key determinants and implementing the revised strategy; or replicating the whole design process.
{"title":"Designing a Contextualized Food-Based Strategy to Improve the Dietary Diversity of Children in Rural Farming Households in Central Uganda","authors":"Deborah Nabuuma, Beatrice Ekesa, Mieke Faber, Xikombiso Mbhenyane","doi":"10.1177/03795721241240854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03795721241240854","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Food-based strategies have a high potential of improving the diet quality and reducing the prevalence of nutrient deficiencies in agriculture-dependent communities. Their design is however complex with trade-offs that are rarely systematically presented to allow replication and efficient contextualization.Objective:The systematic design of a food-based strategy to improve the dietary diversity of children in rural farming communities in Uganda.Methods:The intervention mapping protocol was used to provide a systematic approach to developing theory-based and evidence-based intervention methods and strategy.Results:The priority behavioral and environmental determinants identified were related to food production, consumption, and efficacy while the personal determinants focused on knowledge, skills, self-efficacy, attitude, and outcome expectations. The aim of the resulting strategy was set to improve the availability, accessibility, and consumption of diverse foods, with a particular focus on production diversity, production practices, market access, and market diversity. Behaviour change methods were selected to enhance ability and self-efficacy, strategic goal setting, and provision of feedback. The strategy focused on household groups for learning, demonstration, practice, and social support. The validation showed that the determinants and actors incorporated in the strategy were important and relevant for improving the productivity, food availability, dietary diversity, livelihoods, and health of rural farming households and communities.Conclusion:Application of the protocol yielded a contextualized food-based strategy that can be adjusted for use in other smallholder contexts in developing countries by piloting implementation plans based on the strategy; reassessing the key determinants and implementing the revised strategy; or replicating the whole design process.","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140802502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.1177/03795721241244675
Dalmacito A. Cordero Jr
{"title":"Addressing Malnutrition and Food Insecurity in the Philippines","authors":"Dalmacito A. Cordero Jr","doi":"10.1177/03795721241244675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03795721241244675","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140610916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Globally, acute malnutrition threatens the lives of several million children under 5 years of age. Malnutrition affects the social, economic, and medical aspects of all countries. In Ethiopia, acute malnutrition is not decreasing at the intended rate for unclear reasons.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the burden of acute malnutrition and its associated factors among children under 5 years of age in a rural setting of southern Ethiopia.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2022. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 421 children. Mothers/caretakers were interviewed using interviewer-administered questionnaire, while their children's height/length and weight were measured. Logistic regression analyses were used and presented as the crude odds ratio (COR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results: The burden of acute malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in the study area was 22.6% (95% CI = 18.5-26.8). Fathers with primary education (AOR = 4.48; 95% CI = 1.93-10.39), households with improper solid waste disposal (AOR = 2.54; 95% CI = 1.11-5.82), not usually sleeping under insecticide-treated bed net (ITN) (AOR = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.01-3.19), unacceptable children dietary diversity score (DDS) (AOR = 2.56; 95% CI = 1.28-5.14), and unacceptable household DDS (AOR = 2.26; 95% CI = 1.02-5.00) were factors associated with acute malnutrition.
Conclusions: The prevalence of acute malnutrition among children was critically high. Upgrading paternal educational status, encouraging safe solid waste disposal, ensuring consistent use of ITN, and improving both child and household DDS should be stressed.
{"title":"Critically High Burden of Acute Malnutrition and Its Associated Factors Among Children Under 5 Years in the Rural Settings of Southern Ethiopia.","authors":"Getamesay Aynalem Tesfaye, Ermias Wabeto Wana, Moges Getie Workie","doi":"10.1177/03795721241234087","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03795721241234087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, acute malnutrition threatens the lives of several million children under 5 years of age. Malnutrition affects the social, economic, and medical aspects of all countries. In Ethiopia, acute malnutrition is not decreasing at the intended rate for unclear reasons.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the burden of acute malnutrition and its associated factors among children under 5 years of age in a rural setting of southern Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2022. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 421 children. Mothers/caretakers were interviewed using interviewer-administered questionnaire, while their children's height/length and weight were measured. Logistic regression analyses were used and presented as the crude odds ratio (COR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The burden of acute malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in the study area was 22.6% (95% CI = 18.5-26.8). Fathers with primary education (AOR = 4.48; 95% CI = 1.93-10.39), households with improper solid waste disposal (AOR = 2.54; 95% CI = 1.11-5.82), not usually sleeping under insecticide-treated bed net (ITN) (AOR = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.01-3.19), unacceptable children dietary diversity score (DDS) (AOR = 2.56; 95% CI = 1.28-5.14), and unacceptable household DDS (AOR = 2.26; 95% CI = 1.02-5.00) were factors associated with acute malnutrition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of acute malnutrition among children was critically high. Upgrading paternal educational status, encouraging safe solid waste disposal, ensuring consistent use of ITN, and improving both child and household DDS should be stressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12394,"journal":{"name":"Food and Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"38-46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140027746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}