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Peer support for discharge from hospital to community mental healthcare: a cost analysis.
IF 5.3 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-02-04 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2024-101671
Andrew Healey, Akshaykumar Patel, Jacqueline Marks, Stephen Bremner, Rhiannon Foster, Sarah L Gibson, Lucy Pollyanna Goldsmith, Mike Lucock, Julie Repper, Miles Rinaldi, Alan Simpson, Sarah White, Michael Ussher, Steve Gillard
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引用次数: 0
Effect of home environment on neuropsychiatric development in preterm infants discharged from NICU at 18 months corrected age.
IF 5.3 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-21 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2024-101634
Yuan Tian, Chuncao Zhang, Feng Liu, Xia Hong, Li Shen, Jinjin Chen, Haifeng Jiang

Abstract:

Background: There have been numerous intervention studies focusing on the development of preterm infants, but there has been limited investigation into the home environment as a determinant of developmental outcomes in preterm infants. The aspects and extent to which the home environment affects the early (18 months corrected age) neuropsychological development of preterm infants are still unclear.

Aims: This study aimed to analyse the effect of the home environment on the neuropsychiatric development of preterm infants at 18 months corrected age after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). It also sought to provide a basis for promoting neuropsychiatric development among preterm infants by improving the home environment.

Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 275 preterm infants born between January 2019 and January 2022 were followed up for systematic management after discharge from the NICU at Shanghai Children's Hospital. The Home Nurture Environment Questionnaire was used to assess the home environment of the infants and analyse its impact on the developmental quotient (evaluated by the Gesell Developmental Scale) and the rate of developmental delays at 18 months corrected age.

Results: A total of 41.454% of the infants were extremely preterm. The developmental quotient scores at 18 months corrected age were in the middle of the scale. The language domain had the highest rate of developmental delay (46.182%), followed by the adaptive domain (37.091%). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that compared with infants in supportive home environments, infants with moderate/unsupportive home environments had significantly elevated risks of development delay: 2.162-fold for global (odds ratio (OR) 2.162, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.274 to 3.665, p=0.004), 2.193-fold for fine motor (OR 2.193, 95% CI 1.161 to 4.140, p=0.016), 2.249-fold for language (OR 2.249, 95% CI 1.336 to 3.786, p=0.002) and 2.042-fold for personal-social (OR 2.042, 95% CI 1.149 to 3.628, p=0.015).

Conclusions: A supportive home environment is a crucial protective factor for the neuropsychological development of preterm infants. It is associated with higher developmental quotient scores and protects against neuropsychiatric delays. Incorporating evaluation and continuous improvement of the home environment into the management framework for preterm infants to promote optimal neurodevelopment is essential.

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引用次数: 0
Suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among pregnant adolescent girls in Ghana: a cross-sectional study.
IF 5.3 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-09 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2024-101643
Emmanuel Nii-Boye Quarshie, Erica Danfrekua Dickson, Sandra Naa-Shasha Quarshie, Sophia Ewuenye Adwoa Kpebu, Kwaku Oppong Asante

Background: Globally, suicide is the third leading cause of death among girls aged 15-19 years. However, there is a growing concern that suicide research has paid little attention to pregnant adolescent girls, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries, including Ghana, where nearly one in seven adolescents experiences (unwanted) pregnancy.

Aims: To assess the prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt and the self-reported reasons for attempted suicide among pregnant adolescent girls in Ghana.

Methods: We collected cross-sectional data (between August 2022 and December 2023) using structured anonymous questionnaires from a sample of 449 pregnant adolescent girls (aged 14-19 years) drawn from the three geographical zones of Ghana. We applied bivariable and multivariable analysis techniques to the data.

Results: Overall, 28.51% (95% confidence interval (CI) 24.37% to 32.93%) reported suicidal ideation, and 18.04% (95% CI 14.59% to 21.91%) reported suicide attempt during the current pregnancy. Participants who reported attempted suicide endorsed more interpersonal reasons (eg, to communicate distress, to seek help or to influence others) than intrapersonal reasons for their attempted suicide. In the final adjusted logistic regression models, food insecurity (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=2.69; 95% CI 1.34 to 5.41; p=0.005) was uniquely associated with increased odds of suicidal ideation. Adverse childhood experiences (aOR=3.04; 95% CI 1.33 to 6.97; p=0.008), history of attempted suicide before current pregnancy (aOR=3.47; 95% CI 1.27 to 9.47; p=0.0.015) and depression (measured by the 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index; aOR=0.31; 95% CI 0.12 to 0.77; p=0.012) were uniquely associated with increased odds of suicide attempt. Five variables were commonly associated with increased odds of both suicidal ideation and suicide attempt: conflict with parents, alcohol use, pregnancy-related anxiety, history of attempted suicide and intimate partner violence. While being in junior high school was uniquely associated with reduced odds of suicidal ideation, intimate partner's acceptance of paternity was commonly associated with reduced odds of both suicidal ideation and suicide attempt.

Conclusions: Although the prevalence estimates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in this study are comparable with known rates among non-pregnant adolescent girls in Ghana, additional research is needed to nuance our understanding of the correlates identified in this study. The evidence also highlights a need for both routine antepartum primary care mental health screening for suicidality and related risks and targeted prevention and intervention programmes.

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引用次数: 0
Effects of non-invasive brain stimulation on impulsivity in patients with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. 非侵入性脑刺激对精神障碍患者冲动的影响:随机临床试验的系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 5.3 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-12-26 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2023-101220
Yuri de Castro Machado, Mariana Oliveira, Mateus Pereira Mundoca, Bernardo Viana, Debora Marques de Miranda, Marco Aurélio Romano-Silva

Background: Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), may offer an alternative treatment strategy for impulsive behaviour. By modulating brain activity, these techniques could potentially enhance impulse control and mitigate impulsivity.

Aims: To provide a comprehensive analysis of the correlation between NIBS parameters, targeted brain regions and impulsivity.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus and Embase on 5 April 2023 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of NIBS on impulsivity. Unbiased Hedges' g with 95% CIs was used to define the effect size. Cochran Q test and I² statistics were used to assess for heterogeneity; p values inferior to 0.10 and I²>25% were considered significant for heterogeneity. Publication bias was investigated by funnel plot analysis of point estimates according to study weights, by Egger's regression test and by non-parametric rank correlation (Begg) test.

Results: A total of 18 studies were included, comprising 655 patients from 14 RCTs and four randomised crossover studies. The meta-analysis of effect sizes from 9 tDCS studies on impulsivity did not show a significant effect (g=-0.18; 95% CI -0.46 to 0.10; p=0.210) and from 9 repetitive TMS (rTMS) studies also did not yield a statistically significant effect (g=0.21; 95% CI -0.38 to 0.80; p=0.490). When analysing active tDCS using Barratt Impulsiveness Scale version 11, the scores showed a trend towards improvement with active tDCS over placebo (g=-0.54; 95% CI -0.97 to -0.12; p<0.05; I²=0%).

Conclusions: There is currently insufficient evidence to support the clinical use of rTMS or tDCS as a means of reducing impulsivity in individuals with mental disorders. The main limitations of this study are the lack of available patient-level data, a limited number of studies, the lack of consensus on the structure of impulsivity and variability in how impulsivity is measured and conceptualised.

Prospero registration number: CRD42023413684.

背景:非侵入性脑刺激(NIBS)技术,如经颅磁刺激(TMS)和经颅直流刺激(tDCS),可能为冲动行为提供另一种治疗策略。通过调节大脑活动,这些技术可以潜在地增强冲动控制和减轻冲动。目的:全面分析NIBS参数、目标脑区与冲动的相关性。方法:我们于2023年4月5日系统检索PubMed、Scopus和Embase,检索NIBS治疗冲动的随机对照试验(rct)。使用95% ci的无偏对冲来定义效应大小。采用Cochran Q检验和I²统计量评估异质性;p值小于0.10和I²>25%被认为具有显著的异质性。发表偏倚采用研究权重点估计的漏斗图分析、Egger回归检验和非参数秩相关(Begg)检验。结果:共纳入18项研究,包括来自14项随机对照试验和4项随机交叉研究的655例患者。对9个tDCS研究的冲动性效应大小的meta分析没有显示显著的影响(g=-0.18;95% CI -0.46 ~ 0.10;p=0.210),从9个重复性经颅磁刺激(rTMS)研究中也没有产生统计学上显著的影响(g=0.21;95% CI -0.38 ~ 0.80;p = 0.490)。当使用Barratt冲动性量表第11版分析活跃tDCS时,得分显示活跃tDCS比安慰剂有改善的趋势(g=-0.54;95% CI -0.97 ~ -0.12;结论:目前没有足够的证据支持临床使用rTMS或tDCS作为减少精神障碍患者冲动的一种手段。本研究的主要局限性是缺乏可用的患者水平数据,研究数量有限,对冲动性的结构缺乏共识,以及如何测量和概念化冲动性的可变性。普洛斯彼罗注册号:CRD42023413684。
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引用次数: 0
Thorny but rosy: prosperities and difficulties in 'AI plus medicine' concerning data collection, model construction and clinical deployment. 棘手但乐观:“人工智能+医学”在数据收集、模型构建和临床部署方面的繁荣与困难。
IF 5.3 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-12-20 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2023-101436
Yujia Xia, Zhangsheng Yu
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引用次数: 0
Schizophrenia in children, adults and older people with intellectual disability compared with the general population: a Swedish register study (IDcare). 智障儿童、成人和老年人的精神分裂症与普通人群的比较:瑞典注册研究(IDcare)。
IF 5.3 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-12-12 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2024-101673
Trine Lise Bakken, Magnus Sandberg, Anna Axmon

Abstract:

Background: The knowledge about the prevalence of schizophrenia among people with intellectual disabilities (ID) is sparse, particularly concerning the distribution in different age groups.

Aims: To investigate the prevalence of diagnoses in the schizophrenia spectrum among people with ID compared with the general population (gPop).

Methods: This was an 8-year longitudinal register study. The participants were all residents of Skåne on 1 January 2014. People with a diagnosis of ID (F7 in International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision) or Down syndrome (DS; Q90), or service and support for people with ID/autism spectrum disorder (ASD) comprised the ID cohort (n=14 716). After excluding family members of people in the ID cohort, the remaining population of Skåne comprised the gPop cohort (n=1 226 955).The primary outcome measure was having at least one diagnosis in the schizophrenia spectrum (F20-F29). Secondary outcomes were single diagnoses within the schizophrenia spectrum.

Results: The prevalence of schizophrenia spectrum diagnoses was 7.2% in the ID cohort. This was more than an eightfold increase compared with the gPop (relative risk (RR) 8.45; 95% CI 7.94 to 9.00). The risk was also high among children (aged 0-18 years at the start of the study period; RR 9.42; 95% CI 7.36 to 12.05). In the subcohort comprising those with a diagnosis of DS, the risk of schizophrenia diagnosis was more than twice as high as in gPop. Concomitant ASD or genetic syndrome did not carry an excess risk among people with ID when compared with the gPop.

Conclusions: The findings of the present study support earlier assumptions that people with vulnerable brains develop psychotic disorders more frequently and that the onset age is lower than among people in the gPop. Habilitation services for children and adolescents, as well as general mental health services, should keep in mind that schizophrenia may be present when children and adolescents show severely decreased functioning, anxiety or aggressive behaviour.

摘要/ Abstract摘要:背景:关于精神分裂症在智障人群中的患病率,特别是在不同年龄组的分布方面的知识很少。目的:调查与一般人群(gPop)相比,ID人群中精神分裂症谱系诊断的患病率。方法:这是一项为期8年的纵向登记研究。参与者均为2014年1月1日skamatne的居民。诊断为ID(《国际疾病与相关健康问题统计分类》第十版F7)或唐氏综合征(DS)者;问题90),或对患有ID/自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的人的服务和支持组成ID队列(n=14 716)。在排除ID队列中人群的家庭成员后,sk的剩余人群组成gPop队列(n=1 226 955)。主要结局指标是在精神分裂症谱系中至少有一种诊断(F20-F29)。次要结果是精神分裂症谱系内的单一诊断。结果:在ID队列中,精神分裂症谱系诊断的患病率为7.2%。与gPop相比,这是8倍多的增长(相对风险(RR) 8.45;95% CI 7.94 - 9.00)。儿童的风险也很高(研究开始时0-18岁;RR 9.42;95% CI 7.36 ~ 12.05)。在诊断为DS的亚队列中,诊断为精神分裂症的风险是gPop的两倍多。与gPop相比,伴随ASD或遗传综合征在ID患者中没有带来额外的风险。结论:目前的研究结果支持了先前的假设,即大脑脆弱的人更容易出现精神障碍,而且发病年龄低于gPop人群。儿童和青少年康复服务以及一般心理健康服务应牢记,当儿童和青少年表现出功能严重下降、焦虑或攻击性行为时,就可能存在精神分裂症。
{"title":"Schizophrenia in children, adults and older people with intellectual disability compared with the general population: a Swedish register study (IDcare).","authors":"Trine Lise Bakken, Magnus Sandberg, Anna Axmon","doi":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-101673","DOIUrl":"10.1136/gpsych-2024-101673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Background: </strong>The knowledge about the prevalence of schizophrenia among people with intellectual disabilities (ID) is sparse, particularly concerning the distribution in different age groups.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate the prevalence of diagnoses in the schizophrenia spectrum among people with ID compared with the general population (gPop).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an 8-year longitudinal register study. The participants were all residents of Skåne on 1 January 2014. People with a diagnosis of ID (F7 in International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision) or Down syndrome (DS; Q90), or service and support for people with ID/autism spectrum disorder (ASD) comprised the ID cohort (n=14 716). After excluding family members of people in the ID cohort, the remaining population of Skåne comprised the gPop cohort (n=1 226 955).The primary outcome measure was having at least one diagnosis in the schizophrenia spectrum (F20-F29). Secondary outcomes were single diagnoses within the schizophrenia spectrum.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of schizophrenia spectrum diagnoses was 7.2% in the ID cohort. This was more than an eightfold increase compared with the gPop (relative risk (RR) 8.45; 95% CI 7.94 to 9.00). The risk was also high among children (aged 0-18 years at the start of the study period; RR 9.42; 95% CI 7.36 to 12.05). In the subcohort comprising those with a diagnosis of DS, the risk of schizophrenia diagnosis was more than twice as high as in gPop. Concomitant ASD or genetic syndrome did not carry an excess risk among people with ID when compared with the gPop.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of the present study support earlier assumptions that people with vulnerable brains develop psychotic disorders more frequently and that the onset age is lower than among people in the gPop. Habilitation services for children and adolescents, as well as general mental health services, should keep in mind that schizophrenia may be present when children and adolescents show severely decreased functioning, anxiety or aggressive behaviour.</p>","PeriodicalId":12549,"journal":{"name":"General Psychiatry","volume":"37 6","pages":"e101673"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11647277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Scoping survey of dietetic resourcing for eating disorders: why is the dietitian's role marginalised in community eating disorders? 饮食失调症营养师资源的范围调查:为什么营养师的角色在社区饮食失调症中被边缘化?
IF 5.3 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-12-11 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2024-101604
Elizabeth Roberts, Mala Watts, Safiya Riley, Kathryn Hart
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引用次数: 0
Unlocking the door to supportive housing: addressing the challenge of post-discharge transitions in safety-net psychiatric care. 打开支持性住房的大门:解决安全网精神病护理中出院后过渡的挑战。
IF 5.3 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-12-07 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2024-101608
Yaara Zisman-Ilani, Jessica G Kovach, Meera Chatterjee, Mary F Morrison
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引用次数: 0
SAS macro programme for Bang's Blinding Index to assess and visualise the success of blinding in randomised controlled trials. SAS宏观程序Bang’s Blinding Index用于评估和可视化随机对照试验中盲法的成功。
IF 5.3 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-12-07 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2024-101578
Zongshi Qin, Yongpei Yu, Hongqiu Gu, Dongdong Shi, Zhen Wang, Jiani Wu, Toshiaki Furukawa, Yangfeng Wu

This paper aims to present a Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) macro %BBIplus, offering estimation and visualisation methods for the Bang's Blinding Index (BBI) for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with various designs. We developed the SAS macro programme %BBIplus to facilitate the implementation of BBI. This user-friendly programme allows for easy and rapid estimation and visualisation of BBI across different scenarios, including pairwise comparison RCTs with two arms, double-dummy design RCTs with three arms and factorial design RCTs with four arms. The programme requires no pre-existing data set, and users only need to input the number of individuals of correct, uncertain or wrong guesses in each intervention or control group. We illustrate the functionality of %BBIplus using blinding assessment data from three previously published RCTs: BBR (adjunctive berberine reduces antipsychotic-associated weight gain and metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia: a randomised controlled trial), SELECT-TDCS (the sertraline versus electrical current therapy for treating depression clinical study: results from a factorial, randomised controlled trial) and ELECT-TDCS (trial of electrical direct-current therapy versus escitalopram for depression) studies. The programme estimates the BBI for each arm, providing point estimates, 95% CI and associated p values. Additionally, %BBIplus can visualise the estimations through forest plots and make the judgement for the success of blinding easily and rapidly. This tool caters to the needs of clinical trial investigators, offering a comprehensive solution for estimating and visualising the blinding index under various RCT designs.

本文旨在介绍一个统计分析软件(SAS)宏%BBIplus,为各种设计的随机对照试验(rct)提供Bang's Blinding Index (BBI)的估计和可视化方法。我们开发了SAS宏程序%BBI +来促进BBI的实现。这个用户友好的程序允许在不同情况下轻松快速地估计和可视化BBI,包括两臂的两两比较rct,三臂的双假人设计rct和四臂的因子设计rct。该程序不需要预先存在的数据集,用户只需要输入每个干预组或对照组中正确、不确定或错误猜测的人数。我们使用三个先前发表的随机对照试验的盲性评估数据来说明%BBIplus的功能:BBR(辅助小檗碱减少精神分裂症患者抗精神病相关体重增加和代谢综合征:一项随机对照试验),SELECT-TDCS(舍曲林与电流治疗治疗抑郁症的临床研究:结果来自一项因子、随机对照试验)和ELECT-TDCS(电直流电治疗与艾司西酞普兰治疗抑郁症的试验)研究。该方案估计每个臂的BBI,提供点估计、95% CI和相关p值。此外,%BBIplus还可以通过森林样地将估算结果可视化,方便快捷地判断盲法是否成功。该工具满足临床试验研究者的需求,为各种RCT设计下的盲化指数估计和可视化提供了全面的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Genetic insights into male autism spectrum disorder in a small cohort of Indian simplex families: findings from whole exome sequencing. 全外显子组测序发现:印度单纯型家族中男性自闭症谱系障碍的遗传学研究。
IF 5.3 3区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-09 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2024-101606
Srividhya Durbagula, Snijesh Valiya Parambath, Ashitha Siddappa Niranjana Murthy, Meghana Rameshraju K, Chetan Ghati Kasturirangan, Gautham Arunachal Udupi, Nallur B Ramachandra, Aparna Huligerepura Sosalegowda, Vijaya Raman, Aruna Korlimarla, Naveen Kumar Chandappa Gowda
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引用次数: 0
期刊
General Psychiatry
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