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Non perdiamo tempo prezioso 我们不要浪费宝贵的时间
Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.33393/gcnd.2023.2578
F. Bergesio, A. Ciciani, M. Lombardi, Gabriele Cerini, Alessandra Petrioli, Giuseppe Curciarello, M. Pierattelli, Neri Pucci, Alfredo Zuppiroli, Leonardo Mari, P. Dattolo
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引用次数: 0
TikTok e l’informazione sanitaria TikTok和健康信息
Pub Date : 2023-03-23 DOI: 10.33393/gcnd.2023.2563
G. Quintaliani, Maria Rinaldi Miliani, Claudia Savignani
We explore the utility of social media platforms as educational tools, providing a summary of how these sites are used by the public and demonstrating ways these findings may be applied for educational purposes.Over half of the world’s population utilizes social media platforms. More recently, these platforms have increasingly been used for educational purposes. In the field of health, a large portion of the educational content is coming from users with no formal medical or dermatologic training.In nephrology field there are not TikTok accounts. It would be useful to have an institutional account to provide serious, correct and appropriate information before others spread incorrect information.
我们探索了社交媒体平台作为教育工具的效用,总结了这些网站是如何被公众使用的,并展示了这些发现可以应用于教育目的的方法。世界上超过一半的人口使用社交媒体平台。最近,这些平台越来越多地用于教育目的。在保健领域,很大一部分教育内容来自没有接受过正式医学或皮肤病学培训的用户。肾病学领域没有抖音账号。在其他人传播不正确的信息之前,有一个机构帐户提供严肃、正确和适当的信息将是有益的。
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引用次数: 0
Health Technology Assessment in nephrology and dialysis 肾病学和透析的卫生技术评价
Pub Date : 2023-02-09 DOI: 10.33393/gcnd.2023.2509
Stefano Cabula, Elisabetta Frongia, Francesco Burrai, Francesca Mura, Maurizio Marcias
The nephrology and dialysis sector is characterized by a high technological content, considerable technological and digital complexity, continuous innovation within the care processes and a strong economic impact on the national and regional health system. The purpose of this article is to illustrate the application of the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) methodology in the evaluation of technological innovations in the nephrology and dialysis field. In particular, the evaluation steps of the multidimensional and multidisciplinary process applied to the nephrodialysis field will be described, specifically a device to be used in patients with chronic kidney disease, also considering important comorbidities such as cardiomyopathies and arrhythmias, which often require implantation of electronic cardiac implantable devices in renal patients. The HTA uses a rigorous scientific methodology, and today represents an essential tool for a governance of the modern health system, in which every innovative technological element that significantly modifies the organization must be evaluated. For this strategic reason, HTA becomes an important intervention for the dialysis sector, where technological innovations are a fundamental sector. For a precise understanding of the function of HTA in dialysis, a complete example of the application of HTA for the evaluation of a resorbable antibacterial device for the prevention of infections from cardiac implantable electronic devices on patients with high infectious risk has been shown, such as patients with chronic kidney disease.
肾脏病和透析部门的特点是技术含量高,技术和数字复杂性高,护理过程不断创新,对国家和地区卫生系统具有强大的经济影响。本文的目的是说明卫生技术评估(HTA)方法在评估肾脏学和透析领域的技术创新中的应用。特别是,将描述应用于肾透析领域的多维和多学科过程的评估步骤,特别是用于慢性肾病患者的设备,同时考虑到重要的合并症,如心肌病和心律失常,这些合并症通常需要在肾脏患者中植入电子心脏植入装置。HTA采用严格的科学方法,如今已成为现代卫生系统治理的重要工具,在现代卫生系统中,必须对每一项能显著改变组织的创新技术要素进行评估。由于这一战略原因,HTA成为透析部门的重要干预措施,技术创新是透析部门的基础。为了准确了解HTA在透析中的作用,已经展示了一个完整的应用HTA评估可吸收抗菌装置预防心脏植入式电子装置感染的高感染风险患者的例子,如慢性肾病患者。
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引用次数: 0
Sempre positivi e ottimisti!!! 永远积极乐观!!
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.33393/gcnd.2022.2525
Luisa Sternfeld Pavia
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引用次数: 0
Rene policistico autosomico dominante: dalla patogenesi alla terapia 显性多染色体肾:从发病到治疗
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.33393/gcnd.2022.2489
Giovanni Piscopo
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney (ADPKD) is the most common genetically determined kidney disease of Mendelian inheritance. It has a variable prevalence, depending on the case series, from 1:1,000 to 1:2,500, and represents the fourth cause of renal failure in the world. It is part of the so-called ciliopathies and is mainly caused by the mutation of two genes: PKD1, located on chromosome 16p and the PKD2 gene, located on chromosome 4q and coding for Polycystin-2 (PC2); although two other disease-causing genes have recently been identified: DNAJB11 and GANAB. These two proteins consist, respectively, of a calcium channel and a transmembrane receptor, and they play a decisive role in regulating cell proliferation, division and differentiation, apoptosis and autophagy. The molecular mechanisms underlying the genesis of the cysts are multiple and for this reason not yet completely understood and although several of them have been the subject of preclinical and clinical studies aimed at evaluating the efficacy of therapies that could continue to interfere in a specific way, to date, only tolvaptan and octreotide-LAR (the latter only in Italy) have been approved for the treatment of renal disease secondaryto ADPKD. Here, we therefore recapitulate the different pathogenetic pathways in ADPKD and the possible therapeutic treatments.
常染色体显性多囊肾(ADPKD)是孟德尔遗传最常见的遗传性肾脏疾病。根据不同的病例序列,它的流行率从1:10 00到1:25 00不等,是世界上肾衰竭的第四大原因。它是所谓纤毛病的一部分,主要由两个基因突变引起:位于染色体16p上的PKD1和位于染色体4q上编码多囊蛋白-2 (PC2)的PKD2基因;尽管最近发现了另外两种致病基因:DNAJB11和GANAB。这两种蛋白分别由钙通道和跨膜受体组成,它们在调节细胞增殖、分裂和分化、凋亡和自噬中起决定性作用。囊肿发生的分子机制是多种多样的,因此尚未完全理解,尽管其中一些已成为临床前和临床研究的主题,旨在评估可能以特定方式继续干扰的治疗效果,但迄今为止,只有托伐普坦和奥曲肽- lar(后者仅在意大利)被批准用于治疗继发性肾疾病ADPKD。因此,我们在这里概述了ADPKD的不同发病途径和可能的治疗方法。
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引用次数: 0
Negative alactic base excess is reversed by hemoperfusion in septic patients 脓毒症患者的阴性乳酸碱过量可通过血液灌流逆转
Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.33393/gcnd.2022.2490
C. Musso, J. P. Córdoba, Gustavo Aroca-Marinez, S. Terrasa, Adriana P. Barriga-Moreno, Marcela Lozano-Sanchez, Rafael A. Barón-Alvarez, Henry J González-Torres, Joaquín Cantos, I. Huespe
Introduction: Gattinoni et al. have recently introduced a new parameter: the “alactic base excess” (ABE). ABE is equivalent to the number of strong acids, other than lactate, which are present in the plasma in abnormal concentrations, negative ABE being associated with higher mortality in sepsis. Hemoperfusion (HPF) is an extracorporeal procedure that involves the passage of blood through an adsorption cartridge, where solutes are removed by direct binding to the sorbent material. Then, it was decided to explore the influence of HPF on negative ABE value in sepsis.Materials and methods: Basal values of ABE, standard base excess (SBE), and lactate (mean, standard deviation [SD]) were obtained. The difference between these parameter values before and after four sessions of HPF (HA330) (delta value) was evaluated. Student’s t-test and Wilcoxon test were applied.Results: From 32 patients (age: 57±13) suffering from respiratory insufficiency secondary to COVID-19 who were treated with HPF in the critical care unit of Clinica de la Mujer, Bogotá (Colombia), 6 patients presented with metabolic acidosis with negative ABE value (‒2.7±1) with negative SBE (‒4.7±1) and high lactate serum value (2±0.7 mmol/L). Delta ABE, SBE, and lactate were: 7.7 (p = 0.005), 6.1 (p = 0.003), and 1.6 (p = NS), respectively. Thus, negative ABE was significantly reversed by HPF, since SBE value turned positive without significant change in lactate.Conclusion: Negative alactic parameter was significantly reversed by HPF in septic patients. It is necessary to carry out evaluations in larger groups to estimate their impact on clinical outcomes.
Gattinoni等人最近引入了一个新的参数:“银河基过剩”(ABE)。ABE相当于血浆中除乳酸以外的强酸的异常浓度,ABE阴性与败血症的高死亡率相关。血液灌流(HPF)是一种体外过程,涉及血液通过吸附盒,其中溶质通过直接与吸收材料结合去除。因此,我们决定探讨HPF对脓毒症患者ABE阴性值的影响。材料和方法:获得ABE、标准碱过量(SBE)和乳酸盐的基础值(平均值,标准差[SD])。评估四次HPF治疗前后这些参数值(HA330) (δ值)的差异。采用学生t检验和Wilcoxon检验。结果:在哥伦比亚波哥大临床医院重症监护病房接受HPF治疗的32例新冠肺炎继发性呼吸功能不全患者(年龄:57±13岁)中,有6例出现代谢性酸中毒,ABE值为阴性(-2.7±1),SBE值为阴性(-4.7±1),乳酸血清值高(2±0.7 mmol/L)。δ ABE、SBE和乳酸分别为7.7 (p = 0.005)、6.1 (p = 0.003)和1.6 (p = NS)。因此,HPF显著逆转了ABE的负向,因为SBE值转为正向,而乳酸水平没有显著变化。结论:HPF能明显逆转脓毒症患者的阴性无乳参数。有必要在更大的群体中进行评估,以估计其对临床结果的影响。
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引用次数: 0
La rete dialitica ai tempi della pandemia Covid: prospettive strutturali Covid流行时期的辩证网络:结构观点
Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.33393/gcnd.2022.2518
D. Bonucchi, Grazie Portale
Risk profile of dialysis people as regards Covid 19 pandemic is unique; they stay together for some hours in an open-space, sharing transport before and after treatment as a shuttle between families and dialysis centre. As demonstrated by the waves of pandemic, isolation becomes more and more difficult, especially in centres lacking pathways and spaces devoted to contaminated patients. In our setting, dialysis centres were born as marginal areas, discarded from other uses and their design was seldom addressed to out-patients treatment. Logistic and preventive needs (spaces, distances, pathways) were often laid down to a social vision of dialysis. We describe our immediate response to adapt a network of public dialysis centres to pandemic. These measures, and the dedication of our personnel, resulted in a very low mortality rate, but we are still reporting a progressive increase of Covid patients. Organizational response becomes useless without structural changes. We therefore propose a plan oriented to transform dialysis centres into dynamic and safe places of care. Since other pandemics are expected in the future, it appears mandatory to redirect our choices towards a more conservative approach in designing a dialysis point of care, resembling the isolated pavilions of older hospital buildings. Separate entries and exits, mobile walls and large waiting rooms are needed; some personnel redundancy will be required in spite of lean management principles, strongly disproved by Covid. Dialysis rebuilding will be an extraordinary opportunity to create a sustainable way of treatment.
透析患者在Covid - 19大流行方面的风险概况是独特的;他们在一个开放的空间里呆了几个小时,作为家庭和透析中心之间的班车,在治疗前后共用交通工具。正如一波又一波的大流行所表明的那样,隔离变得越来越困难,特别是在缺乏通道和专用于受感染患者的空间的中心。在我们的环境中,透析中心是作为边缘区域诞生的,从其他用途中被丢弃,它们的设计很少针对门诊治疗。后勤和预防需求(空间、距离、路径)通常是根据透析的社会愿景制定的。我们描述了我们的即时反应,使公共透析中心网络适应大流行。这些措施以及我们工作人员的奉献精神导致了非常低的死亡率,但我们仍在报告新冠肺炎患者的逐步增加。如果没有结构性的改变,组织的反应就变得毫无用处。因此,我们提出了一项计划,旨在将透析中心转变为充满活力和安全的护理场所。由于预计未来还会出现其他流行病,因此在设计透析护理点时,我们似乎有必要将选择转向更保守的方法,类似于旧医院建筑的孤立亭子。需要独立的入口和出口、移动墙和大型候诊室;尽管有精益管理原则,但仍需要一些人员裁员,这已被Covid强烈反驳。透析重建将是创造可持续治疗方式的绝佳机会。
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引用次数: 0
GUIDA DEL DONATORE: Saperne di più su come donare un rene da vivi 捐献者指南:了解更多关于生前捐肾的信息
Pub Date : 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.33393/gcnd.2022.2519
M. Lombardi
 
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引用次数: 0
Dieta ipoproteica: Riassunto delle Caratteristiche del Prodotto 低蛋白饮食:产品特性摘要
Pub Date : 2022-11-22 DOI: 10.33393/gcnd.2022.2493
Andreana De Mauri, Deborah Carrera, Elena Capello, Sergio Riso, Doriana Chiarinotti, C. D'Alessandro
National and International Societies recommend the Low Protein Diet (LPD) as nutritional therapy for chronic kidney disease not on dialysis, because it reduces the uremic symptoms and toxins generation, preserves the nutritional status, delays the progression to the dialysis and reshapes the dysbiotic microbiota. Finally, LPD is low cost and eco- and planet friendly.  As some Authors already described LPD as a traditional drug, with particular indications, contraindications, special populations and so on, we for the first time re-wrote the LPD characteristics according to the “Summary of Product Characteristics” required by the Italian Health Department and Italian Medicines Agency.  However, the contents of this paper could not be “literally” applied by clinicians, but must be included in a global assessment of the patient and performed by a trained physician or dietitian with expertise in the management of chronic kidney disease.
国家和国际学会推荐低蛋白饮食(LPD)作为非透析慢性肾病的营养疗法,因为它减少了尿毒症症状和毒素的产生,保持了营养状态,延缓了透析的进展,重塑了益生菌群。最后,LPD是低成本和生态和地球友好。由于一些作者已经将LPD描述为一种传统药物,具有特定的适应症、禁忌症、特殊人群等,我们首次根据意大利卫生部和意大利药品管理局要求的“产品特性摘要”重写了LPD的特性。然而,本文的内容不能被临床医生“字面上”应用,而必须包含在对患者的全面评估中,并由具有慢性肾脏疾病管理专业知识的训练有素的医生或营养师执行。
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引用次数: 1
Calcolo vescicale gigante accompagnato da una collana di calcoli delle vie urinarie in un paziente con proteinuria nefrosica concomitante con neoplasia vescicale e prostatica 巨大的膀胱结石伴随一系列的尿路结石在一个肾结石患者与膀胱和前列腺癌同时出现
Pub Date : 2022-11-17 DOI: 10.33393/gcnd.2022.2484
M. Gallo, S. Aterini, Barbara Vadalà, Lorenzo Aterini, P. Beneforti, F. Balboni, N. Stomaci
Presentiamo il caso clinico di un uomo di 66 anni, senza fissa dimora, giunto alla nostra osservazione per infezione delle vie urinarie e disidratazione. Gli esami strumentali hanno consentito di evidenziare una calcolosi vescicale multipla con formazioni di dimensioni raramente osservate in letteratura. L’intervento di cistotomia ha consentito di rimuovere non solo i calcoli multipli (del peso complessivo di 550 grammi) ma anche uno stent ureterale, posizionato molti anni prima, che aveva costituito il nucleo attorno al quale si erano formate le formazioni litiasiche.
我们有一个66岁的无家可归的男性的案例,他因为尿道感染和脱水而进入我们的观察范围。仪器检查揭示了一种多膀胱计算器,其构造在文献中很少看到。膀胱切开术不仅可以切除多个结石(总重量550克),还可以切除多年前放置的输尿管,该输尿管构成了形成结块的细胞核。
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引用次数: 0
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Giornale di Clinica Nefrologica e Dialisi
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