The association between COVID‑19 and acute pancreatitis (AP) has been extensively analyzed in recent research and review papers worldwide. It should be noted that most studies have focused on AP as a COVID‑19 complication and/or an extra‑pulmonary manifestation of the disease, although the investigation reports on the cases of prior pancreatitis and subsequent COVID‑19 infection are limited. The aim of this case report is to describe the treatment protocol and clinical outcome of a patient with acute necrotizing pancreatitis who developed nosocomial COVID‑19.. Case presentation. The data were collected from patient S., a 42‑year‑old male admitted with AP to the intensive care unit of Kyiv City Clinical Emergency Hospital, in October 2020. This study was reviewed and approved by the local Ethics Committee (Protocol No 25‑15‑60). The patient signed written informed consent to participate in the study, after having been informed of all relevant aspects that could influence his decision. The patient, primarily diagnosed with AP, was admitted to the hospital without a PCR test for detecting SARS‑CoV‑2. 21 days after his admission to the hospital, the patient developed COVID‑19. AP progression to severe AP with infected necrosis, the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ failure necessitated operative pancreatic debridement, which was postponed due to severe acute respiratory failure. Operative pancreatic debridement was performed on the 45th day of hospital stay after the resolution of COVID‑19‑associated pneumonia. The postoperative period was typical for the disease severity and the extent of the surgery, and was complicated by external pancreatic and colonic fistulas. The length of hospital stay for this patient was 115 days which included 20 days of treatment and monitoring in the intensive care unit due to pneumonia. He was discharged after clinical symptom improvement. Conclusions. It is imperative to screen patients presenting with AP for SARS‑CoV‑2 in order to avoid misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment strategy. Further detailed investigation of mechanisms of pancreatic injury in patients with SARS‑CoV‑2 is necessary.
{"title":"A case report of severe acute pancreatitis with infected necrosis and concomitant Coronavirus Disease‑19 (COVID‑19): a nosocomial infection or delayed respiratory manifestation of viral disease?","authors":"Y. Susak, O. Tkachenko, O. Lobanova, L. Skivka","doi":"10.30978/gs-2021-1-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30978/gs-2021-1-42","url":null,"abstract":"The association between COVID‑19 and acute pancreatitis (AP) has been extensively analyzed in recent research and review papers worldwide. It should be noted that most studies have focused on AP as a COVID‑19 complication and/or an extra‑pulmonary manifestation of the disease, although the investigation reports on the cases of prior pancreatitis and subsequent COVID‑19 infection are limited.\u0000The aim of this case report is to describe the treatment protocol and clinical outcome of a patient with acute necrotizing pancreatitis who developed nosocomial COVID‑19..\u0000Case presentation. The data were collected from patient S., a 42‑year‑old male admitted with AP to the intensive care unit of Kyiv City Clinical Emergency Hospital, in October 2020. This study was reviewed and approved by the local Ethics Committee (Protocol No 25‑15‑60). The patient signed written informed consent to participate in the study, after having been informed of all relevant aspects that could influence his decision.\u0000The patient, primarily diagnosed with AP, was admitted to the hospital without a PCR test for detecting SARS‑CoV‑2. 21 days after his admission to the hospital, the patient developed COVID‑19. AP progression to severe AP with infected necrosis, the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ failure necessitated operative pancreatic debridement, which was postponed due to severe acute respiratory failure. Operative pancreatic debridement was performed on the 45th day of hospital stay after the resolution of COVID‑19‑associated pneumonia. The postoperative period was typical for the disease severity and the extent of the surgery, and was complicated by external pancreatic and colonic fistulas. The length of hospital stay for this patient was 115 days which included 20 days of treatment and monitoring in the intensive care unit due to pneumonia. He was discharged after clinical symptom improvement.\u0000Conclusions. It is imperative to screen patients presenting with AP for SARS‑CoV‑2 in order to avoid misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment strategy. Further detailed investigation of mechanisms of pancreatic injury in patients with SARS‑CoV‑2 is necessary.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":12661,"journal":{"name":"General Surgery","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86516151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Circular Ribonucleic Acid (circRNA) is a type of RNA that has been found in recent years and is a closed loop structure widely found in eukaryotic cells. Present situation: The circRNA is stable in nature, highly conserved and tissue and disease specific, and regulates target gene expression at the transcriptional or posttranscriptional level, which is related to the occurrence and development of tumors. YAP (Yes-associated protein) is the main effector of Hippo signaling pathway. It is found that YAP level is closely related to cell proliferation and apoptosis, tissue organ size control and tumorigenesis. Aim: to study the correlation between circRNA and YAP in tumors.
{"title":"Circular RNA (circRNA) and YAP in tumor: A review","authors":"Xu Li, Xiao-dong Tian, Xiangdong Mu, Zhenzhen Liang, Xiaohui Xu, Haiyun Yu","doi":"10.18282/gs.v3i1.851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18282/gs.v3i1.851","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Circular Ribonucleic Acid (circRNA) is a type of RNA that has been found in recent years and is a closed loop structure widely found in eukaryotic cells. Present situation: The circRNA is stable in nature, highly conserved and tissue and disease specific, and regulates target gene expression at the transcriptional or posttranscriptional level, which is related to the occurrence and development of tumors. YAP (Yes-associated protein) is the main effector of Hippo signaling pathway. It is found that YAP level is closely related to cell proliferation and apoptosis, tissue organ size control and tumorigenesis. Aim: to study the correlation between circRNA and YAP in tumors.","PeriodicalId":12661,"journal":{"name":"General Surgery","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88113401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To study the effect and mechanism of chloroquine-induced chemotherapy drugs bleomycin and nedaplatin on apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma SCC25 cells. Methods: The inhibitory effect of different drugs on the growth of SCC25 cells was screened by MTT assay. MTT, Hoechst33258 staining and FCM were used to observe the changes of morphology, cell cycle and apoptosis of SCC25 cells after different treatments. The quantitative analysis of chloroquine induced by Western blot The effect of chemotherapy drugs on the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and NFkB apoptosis- related proteins in SCC25 cells. Results: The proliferation inhibition rate of bleomycin and nedaplatin SCC25 cells induced by chloroquine was significantly higher than that of bleomycin and nedaplatin alone (p<0.05); Hoechst33358 fluorescence staining and flow cytometry showed In the bleomycin group, the apoptotic rate of the chloroquine plus bleomycin group was significantly increased, and the apoptosis rate of the chloroquine + nedaplatin group was significantly higher than that of the nedaplatin group (p<0.05). The proportion of G0/G1 phase in the chloroquine + bleomycin group was higher than that in the bleomycin group (p<0.05), and the ratio of cells in the S phase to the G2/M phase was decreased; the same chloroquine + nedaplatin group G0/G1 The proportion of cells in the period was higher than that in the nedaplatin group (p<0.05), and the proportion of cells in the S phase and G2/M phase decreased. WB results showed that the expression levels of Bax and NFkB in chloroquine + bleomycin group were significantly higher than those in bleomycin group alone, and the expression level of Bcl-2 was lower than that in bleomycin group alone. Bax and NFkB in chloroquine + nedaplatin group The expression level was significantly higher than that of the nedaplatin group alone. The expression level of Bcl-2 was lower than that of the nedaplatin group alone, and the difference was significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: Chloroquine induced bleomycin and nedaplatin can significantly inhibit the proliferation of tongue squamous cell carcinoma SCC25 cells, and its proapoptotic effect may be related to the activation of mitochondrial apoptosis-related proteins and nuclear transcription factors.
{"title":"Effect of chloroquine on the apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma SCC25 cells induced by bleomycin and nedaplatin","authors":"Ruoyu Wang, Lan Yang","doi":"10.18282/gs.v3i1.852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18282/gs.v3i1.852","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the effect and mechanism of chloroquine-induced chemotherapy drugs bleomycin and nedaplatin on apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma SCC25 cells. Methods: The inhibitory effect of different drugs on the growth of SCC25 cells was screened by MTT assay. MTT, Hoechst33258 staining and FCM were used to observe the changes of morphology, cell cycle and apoptosis of SCC25 cells after different treatments. The quantitative analysis of chloroquine induced by Western blot The effect of chemotherapy drugs on the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and NFkB apoptosis- related proteins in SCC25 cells. Results: The proliferation inhibition rate of bleomycin and nedaplatin SCC25 cells induced by chloroquine was significantly higher than that of bleomycin and nedaplatin alone (p<0.05); Hoechst33358 fluorescence staining and flow cytometry showed In the bleomycin group, the apoptotic rate of the chloroquine plus bleomycin group was significantly increased, and the apoptosis rate of the chloroquine + nedaplatin group was significantly higher than that of the nedaplatin group (p<0.05). The proportion of G0/G1 phase in the chloroquine + bleomycin group was higher than that in the bleomycin group (p<0.05), and the ratio of cells in the S phase to the G2/M phase was decreased; the same chloroquine + nedaplatin group G0/G1 The proportion of cells in the period was higher than that in the nedaplatin group (p<0.05), and the proportion of cells in the S phase and G2/M phase decreased. WB results showed that the expression levels of Bax and NFkB in chloroquine + bleomycin group were significantly higher than those in bleomycin group alone, and the expression level of Bcl-2 was lower than that in bleomycin group alone. Bax and NFkB in chloroquine + nedaplatin group The expression level was significantly higher than that of the nedaplatin group alone. The expression level of Bcl-2 was lower than that of the nedaplatin group alone, and the difference was significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: Chloroquine induced bleomycin and nedaplatin can significantly inhibit the proliferation of tongue squamous cell carcinoma SCC25 cells, and its proapoptotic effect may be related to the activation of mitochondrial apoptosis-related proteins and nuclear transcription factors.","PeriodicalId":12661,"journal":{"name":"General Surgery","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84054301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The probability of craniocerebral trauma is higher and higher, along with the increasing number of traffic and construction accidents in our lives which cause physical injuries. Main symptoms of such injuries are headache, dizziness, and impairment in language function and limb activity to varying degrees. For patients with severe craniocerebral trauma whose nerve tissue are greatly damaged, there are difficulties in effectively recovering, which may lead to some obstacles in consciousness, intelligence and even action. The current treatment research has found that inappropriate treatment method will increase patients' mortality or disability rate. At present, the effect of hyperbaric oxygen treatment for craniocerebral trauma has been recognized in many clinical trails, seen from increased cure rate.
{"title":"Observation on clinical efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen combined with neurosurgery in treating craniocerebral trauma","authors":"Sung-Won Kim","doi":"10.18282/gs.v3i1.783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18282/gs.v3i1.783","url":null,"abstract":"The probability of craniocerebral trauma is higher and higher, along with the increasing number of traffic and construction accidents in our lives which cause physical injuries. Main symptoms of such injuries are headache, dizziness, and impairment in language function and limb activity to varying degrees. For patients with severe craniocerebral trauma whose nerve tissue are greatly damaged, there are difficulties in effectively recovering, which may lead to some obstacles in consciousness, intelligence and even action. The current treatment research has found that inappropriate treatment method will increase patients' mortality or disability rate. At present, the effect of hyperbaric oxygen treatment for craniocerebral trauma has been recognized in many clinical trails, seen from increased cure rate.","PeriodicalId":12661,"journal":{"name":"General Surgery","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81328909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background & Aim: The port site hernia is a type of incisional hernia that occurs at port sites after laparoscopic surgery. Various factors have been implicated in the development of port site hernia.The aim of this study was to know the risk factors of the port site hernia.Patients & Methods: A retrospective study of patients who underwent different elective laparoscopic procedures in Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil in a period from March 2013 to September 2014.Results: Out of 300 patients only 8 (2.7%) patients developed port site hernia. The time of the hernia occurrence ranged from 3 weeks to six months postoperatively. Half of the hernias were found in cases of age group (60-80) years. Six (75%) of the cases were female patients. All 8 hernias developed after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Six (75%) hernias developed after open port entrance technique. All hernias occurred when the fascia in 10 mm port was not closed. Seven hernias (87.5%) occurred in patients with BMI ranged (25-34).Conclusion: Age of the patients, technique of entrance, site and size of the port with unclosed fascial layer are important factors for developing port site hernia.
{"title":"Port site hernia: What are the risk factors?","authors":"T. Kareem, Renas A. Farman","doi":"10.18282/gs.v3i1.705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18282/gs.v3i1.705","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aim: The port site hernia is a type of incisional hernia that occurs at port sites after laparoscopic surgery. Various factors have been implicated in the development of port site hernia.The aim of this study was to know the risk factors of the port site hernia.Patients & Methods: A retrospective study of patients who underwent different elective laparoscopic procedures in Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil in a period from March 2013 to September 2014.Results: Out of 300 patients only 8 (2.7%) patients developed port site hernia. The time of the hernia occurrence ranged from 3 weeks to six months postoperatively. Half of the hernias were found in cases of age group (60-80) years. Six (75%) of the cases were female patients. All 8 hernias developed after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Six (75%) hernias developed after open port entrance technique. All hernias occurred when the fascia in 10 mm port was not closed. Seven hernias (87.5%) occurred in patients with BMI ranged (25-34).Conclusion: Age of the patients, technique of entrance, site and size of the port with unclosed fascial layer are important factors for developing port site hernia.","PeriodicalId":12661,"journal":{"name":"General Surgery","volume":"146 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84382686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Micro-lessons have the characteristics of various forms, clear objectives, and good performance, and have been widely used as a new teaching resource in recent years. Surgical science is a bridge course from theory to clinical practice for medical students, which plays an important role in improving medical students’ aseptic concept, basic surgical learning skills and general consciousness of surgery. According to the content and characteristics of surgical teaching, aiming at the foundation of surgical teaching and combining the advantages of micro-lessons, this article discusses how to use excellent learning resources to improve the teaching effect of surgical science under the digital background.
{"title":"Application of Micro-Lessons in Surgery Teaching","authors":"Tao Wang","doi":"10.18282/gs.v2i1.1436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18282/gs.v2i1.1436","url":null,"abstract":"Micro-lessons have the characteristics of various forms, clear objectives, and good performance, and have been widely used as a new teaching resource in recent years. Surgical science is a bridge course from theory to clinical practice for medical students, which plays an important role in improving medical students’ aseptic concept, basic surgical learning skills and general consciousness of surgery. According to the content and characteristics of surgical teaching, aiming at the foundation of surgical teaching and combining the advantages of micro-lessons, this article discusses how to use excellent learning resources to improve the teaching effect of surgical science under the digital background.","PeriodicalId":12661,"journal":{"name":"General Surgery","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75348609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Doctors are scarce resources in society, so strengthening medical education and improving ability of medical staff are important contents of the whole society. Surgical training is an important part of basic surgical teaching and a way for medical students to become qualified surgeons. Therefore, this article focuses on the operation training in the teaching of basic surgical science, and discusses the teaching problems and teaching strategies.
{"title":"Research on Teaching of Basic Surgery","authors":"Huijuan Li","doi":"10.18282/gs.v2i1.1434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18282/gs.v2i1.1434","url":null,"abstract":"Doctors are scarce resources in society, so strengthening medical education and improving ability of medical staff are important contents of the whole society. Surgical training is an important part of basic surgical teaching and a way for medical students to become qualified surgeons. Therefore, this article focuses on the operation training in the teaching of basic surgical science, and discusses the teaching problems and teaching strategies.","PeriodicalId":12661,"journal":{"name":"General Surgery","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76518641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In general surgical practice, foreign students often neglect the ability to learn and operate. The reasons include defects in teaching system, insufficient practical ability, poor language communication, etc., which leads to the failure of foreign students to improve their surgical skills and poor teaching quality. As a result of the reform of teaching system and emphasis on practice, a high-level teaching team has been created, the quality of international students has been improved, and the practice quality has been gradually improved.
{"title":"Research on Teaching Practice of General Surgery for International Students","authors":"Jie Liu","doi":"10.18282/gs.v2i1.1435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18282/gs.v2i1.1435","url":null,"abstract":"In general surgical practice, foreign students often neglect the ability to learn and operate. The reasons include defects in teaching system, insufficient practical ability, poor language communication, etc., which leads to the failure of foreign students to improve their surgical skills and poor teaching quality. As a result of the reform of teaching system and emphasis on practice, a high-level teaching team has been created, the quality of international students has been improved, and the practice quality has been gradually improved.","PeriodicalId":12661,"journal":{"name":"General Surgery","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74193609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Animal experiment of surgical science is the basic operation for medical students to fully contact with clinical surgery for the first time. This paper reveals the importance of animal experiment teaching in surgical science from the characteristics of medical specialty in our school. It aims to arouse medical students’ interest in surgical experiments.
{"title":"Application of Animal Experiment in Surgical Teaching","authors":"Qin Wen","doi":"10.18282/gs.v2i1.1433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18282/gs.v2i1.1433","url":null,"abstract":"Animal experiment of surgical science is the basic operation for medical students to fully contact with clinical surgery for the first time. This paper reveals the importance of animal experiment teaching in surgical science from the characteristics of medical specialty in our school. It aims to arouse medical students’ interest in surgical experiments.","PeriodicalId":12661,"journal":{"name":"General Surgery","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83478720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Pouraghaei, B. Samadirad, E. Baybordi, Aa. Seyffarshad, J. Seraj, F. Kolahi, Safa Taherkhani
Purpose: Olfactory dysfunction is a common complaint following head trauma. Few subjective and objective tests had been proposed for purposes of litigation. Currently, the two most common methodologies for separating malingerers from genuine anosmics are single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and smell identification tests as objective and subjective tests, respectively. The objective of the present study was to compare the efficacy of the SPECT and Iranian Smell Identification Test (Iran-SIT) in discrimination of anosmia and malingering in forensic cases. Method: All of the 16 subjects that fulfilled the requirements completely, underwent both SPECT imaging and Iran-SIT assessment. Results: The sensitivity of SPECT in diagnosing malingering and anosmia was estimated to be 66.6% and 87.5%, respectively. That of Iran-SIT was estimated to be 90% and 75%, respectively. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of Iran-SIT in diagnosing hyposmia were 100%. Conclusion: Because of the higher sensitivity of Iran-SIT in diagnosing anosmia and higher specificity in diagnosing malingering, it is recommended for directly ruling out the suspicious cases.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Iranian Smell Identification Test (Iran-SIT) and Single-photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) Results in Discrimination of Anosmia and Malingering in Forensic Cases","authors":"S. Pouraghaei, B. Samadirad, E. Baybordi, Aa. Seyffarshad, J. Seraj, F. Kolahi, Safa Taherkhani","doi":"10.18282/GS.V2I1.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18282/GS.V2I1.84","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Olfactory dysfunction is a common complaint following head trauma. Few subjective and objective tests had been proposed for purposes of litigation. Currently, the two most common methodologies for separating malingerers from genuine anosmics are single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and smell identification tests as objective and subjective tests, respectively. The objective of the present study was to compare the efficacy of the SPECT and Iranian Smell Identification Test (Iran-SIT) in discrimination of anosmia and malingering in forensic cases. Method: All of the 16 subjects that fulfilled the requirements completely, underwent both SPECT imaging and Iran-SIT assessment. Results: The sensitivity of SPECT in diagnosing malingering and anosmia was estimated to be 66.6% and 87.5%, respectively. That of Iran-SIT was estimated to be 90% and 75%, respectively. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of Iran-SIT in diagnosing hyposmia were 100%. Conclusion: Because of the higher sensitivity of Iran-SIT in diagnosing anosmia and higher specificity in diagnosing malingering, it is recommended for directly ruling out the suspicious cases.","PeriodicalId":12661,"journal":{"name":"General Surgery","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78635518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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