H. Barrios-Garrido, Angela Arias-Ortiz, Clemente Balladares, N. Espinoza-Rodríguez, Marco García-Cruz, Maria Fernanda Gonzalez, Graciela Pulido-Petit, D. Rojas-Cañizales, Maria Rondon-Medicci, Pedro Vernet, N. Wildermann
Abstract. We assess all the records of olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) in an exhaustive review of multiple data sources between 1977 and 2018 in Venezuela. We compiled 35 records of olive ridleys in the country. Our findings confirm the almost year-round presence of this species in Venezuelan waters. Resumen. Se evaluaron todos los registros de tortuga guaraguá (Lepidochelys olivacea) disponibles a través de una revisión exhaustiva de diversas fuentes, la cual comprendió entre los años 1977 y 2018 para Venezuela. Se compilaron un total de 35 registros de tortuga guaraguá para el país. Las evidencias confirman la presencia casi permanente durante todo el año de la especie en aguas territoriales venezolanas.
{"title":"Records of Olive Ridley Marine Turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea Eschscholtz 1829) in Venezuelan Waters: A Review of Historical Data Sets and Threats","authors":"H. Barrios-Garrido, Angela Arias-Ortiz, Clemente Balladares, N. Espinoza-Rodríguez, Marco García-Cruz, Maria Fernanda Gonzalez, Graciela Pulido-Petit, D. Rojas-Cañizales, Maria Rondon-Medicci, Pedro Vernet, N. Wildermann","doi":"10.2744/CCB-1514.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/CCB-1514.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. We assess all the records of olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) in an exhaustive review of multiple data sources between 1977 and 2018 in Venezuela. We compiled 35 records of olive ridleys in the country. Our findings confirm the almost year-round presence of this species in Venezuelan waters. Resumen. Se evaluaron todos los registros de tortuga guaraguá (Lepidochelys olivacea) disponibles a través de una revisión exhaustiva de diversas fuentes, la cual comprendió entre los años 1977 y 2018 para Venezuela. Se compilaron un total de 35 registros de tortuga guaraguá para el país. Las evidencias confirman la presencia casi permanente durante todo el año de la especie en aguas territoriales venezolanas.","PeriodicalId":126915,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology: Celebrating 25 Years as the World's Turtle and Tortoise Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124254342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Platt, Oudomxay Thongsavath, Samuel C. Leslie, P. Brakels, Jeffery E. Dawson, F. Ihlow, T. Rainwater
Abstract. The Khorat snail-eating turtle (Malayemys khoratensis) is a recently described (2016), poorly studied freshwater turtle known from the Khorat Plateau in Thailand and a small area near Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic. We investigated the occurrence and natural history of M. khoratensis during field surveys of Xe Champhone Ramsar Site (XCRS) and Nong Louang Wetland Complex (NLWC) in Savannakhet Province, and also examined museum specimens and published and unpublished photographs of Malayemys spp. from Lao. Our field surveys confirmed the occurrence of M. khoratensis in the XCRS and NLWC, where populations remain subject to harvest at levels unlikely to be sustainable. We examined 7 museum specimens from Vientiane, Savannakhet, Khammouan, and Champasak provinces. Museum specimens from Vientiane, Savannakhet, and Khammouan provinces were referable to M. khoratensis. Published photographs confirm the occurrence of M. khoratensis in Vientiane Province, and Malayemys subtrijuga in Champasak Province. Collectively, our records extend the geographic distribution of K. khoratensis by > 300 km from previously reported localities. We posit the existence of a biogeographic barrier in southern Lao and adjacent Thailand that separates the allopatrically occurring M. khoratensis and M. subtrijuga.
{"title":"On the Occurrence of the Khorat Snail-Eating Turtle (Malayemys khoratensis) in Lao People's Democratic Republic with Notes on Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Exploitation","authors":"S. Platt, Oudomxay Thongsavath, Samuel C. Leslie, P. Brakels, Jeffery E. Dawson, F. Ihlow, T. Rainwater","doi":"10.2744/CCB-1525.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/CCB-1525.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The Khorat snail-eating turtle (Malayemys khoratensis) is a recently described (2016), poorly studied freshwater turtle known from the Khorat Plateau in Thailand and a small area near Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic. We investigated the occurrence and natural history of M. khoratensis during field surveys of Xe Champhone Ramsar Site (XCRS) and Nong Louang Wetland Complex (NLWC) in Savannakhet Province, and also examined museum specimens and published and unpublished photographs of Malayemys spp. from Lao. Our field surveys confirmed the occurrence of M. khoratensis in the XCRS and NLWC, where populations remain subject to harvest at levels unlikely to be sustainable. We examined 7 museum specimens from Vientiane, Savannakhet, Khammouan, and Champasak provinces. Museum specimens from Vientiane, Savannakhet, and Khammouan provinces were referable to M. khoratensis. Published photographs confirm the occurrence of M. khoratensis in Vientiane Province, and Malayemys subtrijuga in Champasak Province. Collectively, our records extend the geographic distribution of K. khoratensis by > 300 km from previously reported localities. We posit the existence of a biogeographic barrier in southern Lao and adjacent Thailand that separates the allopatrically occurring M. khoratensis and M. subtrijuga.","PeriodicalId":126915,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology: Celebrating 25 Years as the World's Turtle and Tortoise Journal","volume":"125 2-3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133252482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Justo, Gustavo Henrique Pereira Dutra, A. Alfonso, Gabriel Oliveira Silva, F. C. Pogliani, A. Carregaro, S. R. Gaido Cortopassi
Abstract. Although ultrasonographic examination of the blood vessels of sea turtles has been a helpful tool in the clinical setting, there is a paucity of data on the normal cervical echoanatomy of green turtles (Chelonia mydas); such information could be valuable for conservation-focused efforts at rehabilitation facilities. We studied the echoanatomical features of the major blood vessels of the neck of juvenile green turtles by gross dissection of 5 deceased turtles and by ultrasonographic examination of 11 healthy animals. The external jugular and the vertebral veins were superficial (< 1.5 cm) and presented an echogenic and turbulent pattern of blood flow in B-mode examination; carotid arteries lied deeply within the neck (> 1.5 cm) and exhibited a laminar blood flow characterized by a parabolic velocity profile as determined by Doppler sonography.
{"title":"Echoanatomical Features of the Major Cervical Blood Vessels of the Juvenile Green Sea Turtle (Chelonia mydas)","authors":"A. A. Justo, Gustavo Henrique Pereira Dutra, A. Alfonso, Gabriel Oliveira Silva, F. C. Pogliani, A. Carregaro, S. R. Gaido Cortopassi","doi":"10.2744/CCB-1517.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/CCB-1517.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Although ultrasonographic examination of the blood vessels of sea turtles has been a helpful tool in the clinical setting, there is a paucity of data on the normal cervical echoanatomy of green turtles (Chelonia mydas); such information could be valuable for conservation-focused efforts at rehabilitation facilities. We studied the echoanatomical features of the major blood vessels of the neck of juvenile green turtles by gross dissection of 5 deceased turtles and by ultrasonographic examination of 11 healthy animals. The external jugular and the vertebral veins were superficial (< 1.5 cm) and presented an echogenic and turbulent pattern of blood flow in B-mode examination; carotid arteries lied deeply within the neck (> 1.5 cm) and exhibited a laminar blood flow characterized by a parabolic velocity profile as determined by Doppler sonography.","PeriodicalId":126915,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology: Celebrating 25 Years as the World's Turtle and Tortoise Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126874748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-21DOI: 10.2744/1071-8443.20.2.308
{"title":"Tortoises in the Mist: Turtle Poetry for Conservationists","authors":"","doi":"10.2744/1071-8443.20.2.308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/1071-8443.20.2.308","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":126915,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology: Celebrating 25 Years as the World's Turtle and Tortoise Journal","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134589203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. The nesting activity of the Chinese softshell turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) in its natural habitat is largely undocumented despite its broad geographical distribution across East Asia. Here, we report on female nesting behaviors, egg incubation, and hatchling emergence of P. sinensis on the Yellow River in northwestern China. In this region, the turtle is currently threatened by overharvesting, and successful conservation strategies should include strict monitoring of hunting and trade activities.
{"title":"Nesting Activity of the Chinese Softshell Turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis, on the Yellow River, Northwestern China","authors":"Qin Zhu, Fei Kong, H. Shi","doi":"10.2744/CCB-1474.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/CCB-1474.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The nesting activity of the Chinese softshell turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) in its natural habitat is largely undocumented despite its broad geographical distribution across East Asia. Here, we report on female nesting behaviors, egg incubation, and hatchling emergence of P. sinensis on the Yellow River in northwestern China. In this region, the turtle is currently threatened by overharvesting, and successful conservation strategies should include strict monitoring of hunting and trade activities.","PeriodicalId":126915,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology: Celebrating 25 Years as the World's Turtle and Tortoise Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121398983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jason S Hagani, Suzanne K. Macey, J. D. Foley, Chad L Seewagen
Abstract. Knowledge of the spatial ecology of many turtle species is lacking or limited by small sample sizes of study animals, short study periods, or incomplete representation of the species' geographic range, all of which can present barriers to science-based management and conservation. The wood turtle (Glyptemys insculpta) is a declining North American freshwater turtle that is now listed as threatened or endangered in several US states and Canadian provinces. Local-scale knowledge of wood turtle movement patterns and home range sizes is needed for more effective management and regulatory protection, yet the spatial ecology of this species remains undescribed in large portions of its range. We radiotracked 31 wood turtles for 1–5 yrs each in a stream system along the border of New York and Connecticut to describe their movement behavior and inform management efforts in this previously unstudied region. Annual and multiyear 95% minimum convex polygon home range sizes averaged 2.8 (± 3.79 SD) ha and 5.2 (± 7.36 SD) ha, respectively. Males had significantly larger annual and multiyear home ranges than did females, often by severalfold. Overlap of home ranges from one year to the next ranged from 10.5% to 99.7% and averaged 62.6% (± 22.86% SD). Home range centroids shifted 3.8–328.1 m (x̄ = 70.3 ± 80.31 m SD) from year to year and averaged 41.2 m (± 40.56 m SD) from the stream and 138.4 m (± 70.66 m SD) from the nearest road across all individuals. Most turtles' home ranges spanned one or both of the major roads in our study area, illuminating the threat of vehicle collision mortality to the viability of this population. Hibernaculum fidelity was low, with only 15% of turtles hibernating in the same location as in the previous year. Our results suggest that management efforts for wood turtles in western Connecticut and the adjacent region of New York should consider that males (the wider-ranging sex) use an average of 5.3 ha to meet their resource requirements over the course of one annual cycle, buffers of at least 116 m surrounding streams should be protected, habitats that are distant from roads should be prioritized for conservation, and measures that facilitate safe passage beneath roads should be implemented whenever roads are present near occupied wood turtle habitat.
摘要由于研究动物样本量小、研究周期短或物种地理范围的不完整，许多海龟物种的空间生态知识缺乏或受到限制，所有这些都可能给基于科学的管理和保护带来障碍。木龟(Glyptemys insculpta)是一种正在衰退的北美淡水龟，现在在美国的几个州和加拿大的几个省被列为受威胁或濒危物种。为了更有效地管理和监管保护，需要了解当地尺度的木龟运动模式和栖息地大小，但该物种的空间生态在其大部分范围内仍未被描述。我们在纽约和康涅狄格边界的一个溪流系统中对31只木龟进行了1-5年的无线电跟踪，以描述它们的运动行为，并为这个以前未研究过的地区的管理工作提供信息。每年和多年95%最小凸多边形家园范围大小平均分别为2.8(±3.79 SD) ha和5.2(±7.36 SD) ha。雄性的年度和多年的家庭范围明显大于雌性，通常是雌性的几倍。一年至下一年的家庭范围重叠范围为10.5%至99.7%，平均为62.6%(±22.86% SD)。所有个体的家庭范围质心每年移动3.8-328.1 m (x′= 70.3±80.31 m SD)，平均距离河流41.2 m(±40.56 m SD)，距离最近的道路138.4 m(±70.66 m SD)。在我们的研究区域，大多数海龟的活动范围跨越了一条或两条主要道路，这说明了车辆碰撞死亡率对该种群生存能力的威胁。冬眠地的保真度很低，只有15%的海龟在与前一年相同的地点冬眠。我们的研究结果表明，康涅狄格州西部和纽约邻近地区的木龟管理工作应该考虑到雄性(分布范围更广的性别)在一个年周期内平均使用5.3公顷的资源来满足它们的资源需求，应该保护溪流周围至少116米的缓冲区，远离道路的栖息地应该优先保护。只要在被占用的木龟栖息地附近有道路，就应采取措施，促进道路下的安全通行。
{"title":"Movement Ecology of the Imperiled Wood Turtle (Glyptemys insculpta) in a Lower Hudson River Watershed","authors":"Jason S Hagani, Suzanne K. Macey, J. D. Foley, Chad L Seewagen","doi":"10.2744/CCB-1490.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/CCB-1490.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Knowledge of the spatial ecology of many turtle species is lacking or limited by small sample sizes of study animals, short study periods, or incomplete representation of the species' geographic range, all of which can present barriers to science-based management and conservation. The wood turtle (Glyptemys insculpta) is a declining North American freshwater turtle that is now listed as threatened or endangered in several US states and Canadian provinces. Local-scale knowledge of wood turtle movement patterns and home range sizes is needed for more effective management and regulatory protection, yet the spatial ecology of this species remains undescribed in large portions of its range. We radiotracked 31 wood turtles for 1–5 yrs each in a stream system along the border of New York and Connecticut to describe their movement behavior and inform management efforts in this previously unstudied region. Annual and multiyear 95% minimum convex polygon home range sizes averaged 2.8 (± 3.79 SD) ha and 5.2 (± 7.36 SD) ha, respectively. Males had significantly larger annual and multiyear home ranges than did females, often by severalfold. Overlap of home ranges from one year to the next ranged from 10.5% to 99.7% and averaged 62.6% (± 22.86% SD). Home range centroids shifted 3.8–328.1 m (x̄ = 70.3 ± 80.31 m SD) from year to year and averaged 41.2 m (± 40.56 m SD) from the stream and 138.4 m (± 70.66 m SD) from the nearest road across all individuals. Most turtles' home ranges spanned one or both of the major roads in our study area, illuminating the threat of vehicle collision mortality to the viability of this population. Hibernaculum fidelity was low, with only 15% of turtles hibernating in the same location as in the previous year. Our results suggest that management efforts for wood turtles in western Connecticut and the adjacent region of New York should consider that males (the wider-ranging sex) use an average of 5.3 ha to meet their resource requirements over the course of one annual cycle, buffers of at least 116 m surrounding streams should be protected, habitats that are distant from roads should be prioritized for conservation, and measures that facilitate safe passage beneath roads should be implemented whenever roads are present near occupied wood turtle habitat.","PeriodicalId":126915,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology: Celebrating 25 Years as the World's Turtle and Tortoise Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133183620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael T. Jones, Lisabeth L. Willey, Jonathan D. Mays, C. K. Dodd
Abstract. The Florida box turtle (Terrapene bauri) population on Egmont Key National Wildlife Refuge, Florida, was the subject of long-term ecological studies from 1991 to 2006. The Egmont Key population was relatively large and stable compared with other populations of Terrapene spp. that were studied for multiple decades, with an increasing population trend and approximately 1500 turtles in 2002. We conducted a reassessment of the population in 2017–2018, and we specifically evaluated the effects of a 26.1-ha wildfire that occurred in July 2016. In March 2017 we implemented randomized, time-constrained surveys, which detected an average of 38.5 dead box turtles per ha, from which we extrapolate approximately 1005 (95% CI = 786–1223) detectable, dead box turtles across the extent of the 2016 wildfire. Of 259 dead box turtles found during this survey, a minimum of 65 were judged to have died coincident with the 2016 wildfire. Another 43 turtles, apparently killed by predators (most likely raccoons, Procyon lotor), were found in burned and unburned areas. One hundred forty-eight were too badly burned or deteriorated to estimate the likely cause of death. Additional surveys in 2017 and 2018 further assessed the condition of the remaining box turtle population. Between March 2017 and March 2018 we detected a total of 347 box turtles, of which 32 were alive and 315 were dead. We estimated the population to consist of 65.5 (95% CI = 41.6–149.1) live turtles, indicative of a > 95% population decline since the early 2000s. Our results illustrate the need for populations of nonlisted, yet vulnerable, species to be prioritized on protected sites, and monitored to detect the effects of stochastic, chronic, and synergistic sources of mortality.
摘要1991年至2006年，佛罗里达州埃格蒙特基国家野生动物保护区的佛罗里达箱龟(Terrapene bauri)种群是长期生态学研究的对象。Egmont关键种群数量相对于几十年来研究的其他Terrapene类种群而言相对较大且稳定，种群数量呈增加趋势，2002年约有1500只。我们在2017-2018年对人口进行了重新评估，并特别评估了2016年7月发生的26.1公顷野火的影响。2017年3月，我们实施了随机的、有时间限制的调查，平均每公顷检测到38.5只死箱龟，从中我们推断出在2016年野火的范围内，大约有1005只(95% CI = 786-1223)可检测到的死箱龟。在这次调查中发现的259只死箱龟中，至少有65只被认为是在2016年野火期间死亡的。另外43只海龟在被烧毁和未被烧毁的地区被发现，显然是被捕食者(最有可能是浣熊)杀死的。其中148件严重烧伤或病情恶化，无法估计可能的死因。2017年和2018年的额外调查进一步评估了剩余箱龟种群的状况。在2017年3月至2018年3月期间，我们共发现了347只箱龟，其中32只是活的，315只是死的。我们估计该种群由65.5只活海龟组成(95% CI = 41.6-149.1)，表明自21世纪初以来种群数量下降了95%以上。我们的研究结果表明，有必要对未列入名单的脆弱物种种群进行优先保护，并对其进行监测，以发现随机、慢性和协同死亡来源的影响。
{"title":"Wildfire, Depredation, and Synergistic Management Challenges Contribute to the Decline of a Significant Population of Florida Box Turtles (Terrapene bauri)","authors":"Michael T. Jones, Lisabeth L. Willey, Jonathan D. Mays, C. K. Dodd","doi":"10.2744/CCB-1480.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/CCB-1480.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The Florida box turtle (Terrapene bauri) population on Egmont Key National Wildlife Refuge, Florida, was the subject of long-term ecological studies from 1991 to 2006. The Egmont Key population was relatively large and stable compared with other populations of Terrapene spp. that were studied for multiple decades, with an increasing population trend and approximately 1500 turtles in 2002. We conducted a reassessment of the population in 2017–2018, and we specifically evaluated the effects of a 26.1-ha wildfire that occurred in July 2016. In March 2017 we implemented randomized, time-constrained surveys, which detected an average of 38.5 dead box turtles per ha, from which we extrapolate approximately 1005 (95% CI = 786–1223) detectable, dead box turtles across the extent of the 2016 wildfire. Of 259 dead box turtles found during this survey, a minimum of 65 were judged to have died coincident with the 2016 wildfire. Another 43 turtles, apparently killed by predators (most likely raccoons, Procyon lotor), were found in burned and unburned areas. One hundred forty-eight were too badly burned or deteriorated to estimate the likely cause of death. Additional surveys in 2017 and 2018 further assessed the condition of the remaining box turtle population. Between March 2017 and March 2018 we detected a total of 347 box turtles, of which 32 were alive and 315 were dead. We estimated the population to consist of 65.5 (95% CI = 41.6–149.1) live turtles, indicative of a > 95% population decline since the early 2000s. Our results illustrate the need for populations of nonlisted, yet vulnerable, species to be prioritized on protected sites, and monitored to detect the effects of stochastic, chronic, and synergistic sources of mortality.","PeriodicalId":126915,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology: Celebrating 25 Years as the World's Turtle and Tortoise Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133275779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Five species of sea turtle—the green (Chelonia mydas), hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata), leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea), loggerhead (Caretta caretta), and olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea)—feed in the coastal waters of India, nest on the mainland and island beaches, and are an important component of India's natural and sociocultural heritage. Sea turtles spend most of their life cycle at sea, so structured studies of the biology of nonnesting populations are challenging. However, fishers' ecological knowledge (FEK) could indicate sea turtle distribution, abundance, and population trends. Structured interviews with 93 male fishers at Sagareshwar Beach, Vengurla, in the Sindhudurg District of Maharashtra revealed observations of all 5 sea turtle species in local waters. Importantly, this was the first known record of loggerhead turtles for the Sindhudurg District of the state coastline and added to infrequent records of leatherback turtles over the previous 20 yrs. Observations were more common at a time when adult turtles are likely to be courting and mating, although this behavior was not observed. Fishers did not contribute ecological knowledge about sea turtle distribution from the waters they fished, potentially because of the method used to collect information on maps or reluctance to indicate areas fished. Estimates of abundance were widely disparate, but perceived decreases in the size of local populations were common among respondents. Outcomes of our study suggest that the FEK of small-scale coastal fishers operating in even a small area is of value in identifying potential areas for focused investigations on in-water populations of sea turtles.
{"title":"Fishers' Ecological Knowledge About Sea Turtles in Coastal Waters: A Case Study in Vengurla, India","authors":"A. D. Phillott, Paloma Chandrachud","doi":"10.2744/CCB-1455.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/CCB-1455.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Five species of sea turtle—the green (Chelonia mydas), hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata), leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea), loggerhead (Caretta caretta), and olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea)—feed in the coastal waters of India, nest on the mainland and island beaches, and are an important component of India's natural and sociocultural heritage. Sea turtles spend most of their life cycle at sea, so structured studies of the biology of nonnesting populations are challenging. However, fishers' ecological knowledge (FEK) could indicate sea turtle distribution, abundance, and population trends. Structured interviews with 93 male fishers at Sagareshwar Beach, Vengurla, in the Sindhudurg District of Maharashtra revealed observations of all 5 sea turtle species in local waters. Importantly, this was the first known record of loggerhead turtles for the Sindhudurg District of the state coastline and added to infrequent records of leatherback turtles over the previous 20 yrs. Observations were more common at a time when adult turtles are likely to be courting and mating, although this behavior was not observed. Fishers did not contribute ecological knowledge about sea turtle distribution from the waters they fished, potentially because of the method used to collect information on maps or reluctance to indicate areas fished. Estimates of abundance were widely disparate, but perceived decreases in the size of local populations were common among respondents. Outcomes of our study suggest that the FEK of small-scale coastal fishers operating in even a small area is of value in identifying potential areas for focused investigations on in-water populations of sea turtles.","PeriodicalId":126915,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology: Celebrating 25 Years as the World's Turtle and Tortoise Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124819849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fábio A. G. Cunha, I. Sampaio, Jeferson Carneiro, R. Vogt
Abstract. We describe a new extant species of freshwater turtle from Brazil: Mesoclemmys sp. nov., a medium-sized toad-headed turtle (mean carapace length = 189.5 ± 25.8 mm), which to date has only been found in the Brazilian Amazon Basin, western Pará State, Central Amazon, and the lower Amazonas River Basin. It is easily distinguished from its sympatric congeners by differences in body size, head size, carapace shape, and coloration. The head is triangular and completely black, with large red eyes positioned anteriorly and a pair of long, light yellow barbels positioned anteriorly close the mandible. The carapace is oval and colored dark reddish brown. The plastron is black in the central region and burnt-yellow along the edges and ventral aspects of the marginal scutes and bridge, with dark seams. The plastral formula is 3-5-7-4-1-6-2. The new species inhabits temporary rainwater ponds under closed-canopy rainforest and has a known geographic range of 2183 km2. Sequences of fragment mitochondrial DNA (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16S) of the new species were determined and compared with the available GenBank sequences. Our phylogenetic results indicate that the specimens represent a divergent taxon within Mesoclemmys and a robust analysis of morphological data corroborates the existence of a new distinct species of Mesoclemmys, described herein.
{"title":"A New Species of Amazon Freshwater Toad-Headed Turtle in the Genus Mesoclemmys (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from Brazil","authors":"Fábio A. G. Cunha, I. Sampaio, Jeferson Carneiro, R. Vogt","doi":"10.2744/CCB-1448.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/CCB-1448.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. We describe a new extant species of freshwater turtle from Brazil: Mesoclemmys sp. nov., a medium-sized toad-headed turtle (mean carapace length = 189.5 ± 25.8 mm), which to date has only been found in the Brazilian Amazon Basin, western Pará State, Central Amazon, and the lower Amazonas River Basin. It is easily distinguished from its sympatric congeners by differences in body size, head size, carapace shape, and coloration. The head is triangular and completely black, with large red eyes positioned anteriorly and a pair of long, light yellow barbels positioned anteriorly close the mandible. The carapace is oval and colored dark reddish brown. The plastron is black in the central region and burnt-yellow along the edges and ventral aspects of the marginal scutes and bridge, with dark seams. The plastral formula is 3-5-7-4-1-6-2. The new species inhabits temporary rainwater ponds under closed-canopy rainforest and has a known geographic range of 2183 km2. Sequences of fragment mitochondrial DNA (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16S) of the new species were determined and compared with the available GenBank sequences. Our phylogenetic results indicate that the specimens represent a divergent taxon within Mesoclemmys and a robust analysis of morphological data corroborates the existence of a new distinct species of Mesoclemmys, described herein.","PeriodicalId":126915,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology: Celebrating 25 Years as the World's Turtle and Tortoise Journal","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134197027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura C. St. Andrews, Sebastian Hoefer, Liberty L. Boyd, F. Paladino, N. Robinson
Abstract. Skin biopsies are routinely collected from sea turtles for a variety of molecular analyses; however, almost no information exists on the natural healing rates at the site of the biopsy. Here, we monitored the healing rates of 17 juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas) for up to 488 d after we took a 6-mm biopsy tissue sample in Eleuthera, The Bahamas. Although scarring persisted for several months, biopsy sampling had a minimal long-term impact—tissue repair and maturation was observed after a year and a half, and there was no evidence of infection at any point during the healing process.
{"title":"Healing of Skin Biopsies in Wild Juvenile Green Turtles, Chelonia mydas","authors":"Laura C. St. Andrews, Sebastian Hoefer, Liberty L. Boyd, F. Paladino, N. Robinson","doi":"10.2744/CCB-1475.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2744/CCB-1475.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Skin biopsies are routinely collected from sea turtles for a variety of molecular analyses; however, almost no information exists on the natural healing rates at the site of the biopsy. Here, we monitored the healing rates of 17 juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas) for up to 488 d after we took a 6-mm biopsy tissue sample in Eleuthera, The Bahamas. Although scarring persisted for several months, biopsy sampling had a minimal long-term impact—tissue repair and maturation was observed after a year and a half, and there was no evidence of infection at any point during the healing process.","PeriodicalId":126915,"journal":{"name":"Chelonian Conservation and Biology: Celebrating 25 Years as the World's Turtle and Tortoise Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130404577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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