Chapter 6 investigates the forces that countered what reformist groups promoted. Incidents reported in the newspapers, encounters from field sites, and personal experiences provide sources of data on counterforces to Buddhist revitalization. The counterforces resist conforming to the standardization and formalization of Buddhist practices. This chapter reflects on the internal dynamic of traditional Chinese religions, which have their own vibrancy and legitimacy in responding to doctrinal pressure.
{"title":"Counterforces of Buddhist Revitalization","authors":"Tan Lee Ooi","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.11","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 6 investigates the forces that countered what reformist groups\u0000 promoted. Incidents reported in the newspapers, encounters from field\u0000 sites, and personal experiences provide sources of data on counterforces\u0000 to Buddhist revitalization. The counterforces resist conforming to the\u0000 standardization and formalization of Buddhist practices. This chapter reflects\u0000 on the internal dynamic of traditional Chinese religions, which have\u0000 their own vibrancy and legitimacy in responding to doctrinal pressure.","PeriodicalId":127029,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist Revitalization and Chinese Religions in Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126251887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Appendices","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":127029,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist Revitalization and Chinese Religions in Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127273779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Abbreviations","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":127029,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist Revitalization and Chinese Religions in Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115530234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conclusion","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":127029,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist Revitalization and Chinese Religions in Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127060484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The meaning of Buddhist revitalization for the Malaysian Chinese is the major theme of Chapter 5. This chapter outlines Malaysian Chinese society in using religious ‘reformism’ as a way to respond to societal malaise as well as seeking a political exit option towards Islamic and Malay supremacy. It is a soul-searching process for Malaysian Chinese. The role of a prominent monk, Chi Chern, a second-generation Mahayana Buddhism religious leader, is explored. Then the new social engagement of Tzu Chi and Fo Guang Shan is discussed. The new religious, cultural and political engagement which has encouraged transethnic solidarities is an exit option for Malaysian Chinese.
{"title":"Remaking Chinese Buddhists","authors":"Tan Lee Ooi","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.10","url":null,"abstract":"The meaning of Buddhist revitalization for the Malaysian Chinese is\u0000 the major theme of Chapter 5. This chapter outlines Malaysian Chinese\u0000 society in using religious ‘reformism’ as a way to respond to societal\u0000 malaise as well as seeking a political exit option towards Islamic and\u0000 Malay supremacy. It is a soul-searching process for Malaysian Chinese.\u0000 The role of a prominent monk, Chi Chern, a second-generation Mahayana\u0000 Buddhism religious leader, is explored. Then the new social engagement\u0000 of Tzu Chi and Fo Guang Shan is discussed. The new religious, cultural\u0000 and political engagement which has encouraged transethnic solidarities\u0000 is an exit option for Malaysian Chinese.","PeriodicalId":127029,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist Revitalization and Chinese Religions in Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125785613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":127029,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist Revitalization and Chinese Religions in Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132339228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter elaborates on the historical connection between Malaya and the larger Buddhist world. Chinese Buddhism’s roots in Malaya started when the immigrant communities that arrived as laborers in tin mining and rubber plantations brought their religious beliefs. Burmese and Sinhalese brought the Theravada traditions that influenced Chinese Buddhists, while the Chinese inherited a loosely defined Mahayana Buddhism mixed with Chinese customs and popular religions. The idea of modern religion was brought by religious leaders of various traditions to revitalize Buddhism.
{"title":"A Brief History of Buddhist Transnational Connections","authors":"Tan Lee Ooi","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.7","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter elaborates on the historical connection between Malaya and\u0000 the larger Buddhist world. Chinese Buddhism’s roots in Malaya started\u0000 when the immigrant communities that arrived as laborers in tin mining and\u0000 rubber plantations brought their religious beliefs. Burmese and Sinhalese\u0000 brought the Theravada traditions that influenced Chinese Buddhists, while\u0000 the Chinese inherited a loosely defined Mahayana Buddhism mixed with\u0000 Chinese customs and popular religions. The idea of modern religion was\u0000 brought by religious leaders of various traditions to revitalize Buddhism.","PeriodicalId":127029,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist Revitalization and Chinese Religions in Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123302355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter maps local initiatives of the Buddhist revitalization movement in Malaysia. Focusing on two groups, the Malaysian Buddhist Association and the Youth Buddhist Association of Malaysia, the history and process of Buddhist revitalization that occurred through local efforts are examined. The notion of Zheng Xin (Right Faith) Buddhism originating from the idea of modern Buddhism has been adopted by the two groups. The process has been strengthened through formalizing the refuge taking ceremony and Buddhicizing the Hungry Ghost Festival. A tussle between reformist Buddhists and a sect called Unity Sect (Yi Guan Dao) is examined to understand a case of religious contestation among Chinese religions germinated by Buddhist revitalization.
{"title":"3 Reforming Chinese Buddhism through the Zheng Xin (Right Faith) Movement","authors":"Tan Lee Ooi","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.8","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter maps local initiatives of the Buddhist revitalization movement\u0000 in Malaysia. Focusing on two groups, the Malaysian Buddhist Association\u0000 and the Youth Buddhist Association of Malaysia, the history and process of\u0000 Buddhist revitalization that occurred through local efforts are examined.\u0000 The notion of Zheng Xin (Right Faith) Buddhism originating from the idea\u0000 of modern Buddhism has been adopted by the two groups. The process\u0000 has been strengthened through formalizing the refuge taking ceremony\u0000 and Buddhicizing the Hungry Ghost Festival. A tussle between reformist\u0000 Buddhists and a sect called Unity Sect (Yi Guan Dao) is examined to\u0000 understand a case of religious contestation among Chinese religions\u0000 germinated by Buddhist revitalization.","PeriodicalId":127029,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist Revitalization and Chinese Religions in Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115538673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-22DOI: 10.5117/9789463726436_ch07
Tan Lee Ooi
This chapter concludes the study of religious transformation of Chinese Buddhism in Malaysia by suggesting further research on, for example, the issue of the religionization of Chinese Buddhism, Buddhist transnationalism, and the meaning of the Wesak Day celebration in the region.
{"title":"Conclusion","authors":"Tan Lee Ooi","doi":"10.5117/9789463726436_ch07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5117/9789463726436_ch07","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter concludes the study of religious transformation of Chinese\u0000 Buddhism in Malaysia by suggesting further research on, for example, the\u0000 issue of the religionization of Chinese Buddhism, Buddhist transnationalism,\u0000 and the meaning of the Wesak Day celebration in the region.","PeriodicalId":127029,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist Revitalization and Chinese Religions in Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123616519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter provides a larger overview of Buddhist revitalization in Malaysia in the age of globalization that has taken on particular significance since the late 1980s. Two important organizations were selected, namely, the Fo Guang Shan and the Tzu Chi Merits Society. These two Taiwanese groups have started to bring different styles and forms of propagating Buddhism to the local Buddhist community. Fo Guang Shan attracts middle class Chinese in their activities, supporting Chinese education, and fund-raising activities. Tzu Chi has been attracting many young volunteers and housekeepers to participate in their charity and recycling projects since the early 1990s. Such developments represent the emergence of new social and political engagements at community and everyday levels.
{"title":"New Transnational Connections with Taiwan","authors":"Tan Lee Ooi","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2xs.9","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a larger overview of Buddhist revitalization in Malaysia\u0000 in the age of globalization that has taken on particular significance\u0000 since the late 1980s. Two important organizations were selected, namely,\u0000 the Fo Guang Shan and the Tzu Chi Merits Society. These two Taiwanese\u0000 groups have started to bring different styles and forms of propagating\u0000 Buddhism to the local Buddhist community. Fo Guang Shan attracts\u0000 middle class Chinese in their activities, supporting Chinese education, and\u0000 fund-raising activities. Tzu Chi has been attracting many young volunteers\u0000 and housekeepers to participate in their charity and recycling projects\u0000 since the early 1990s. Such developments represent the emergence of\u0000 new social and political engagements at community and everyday levels.","PeriodicalId":127029,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist Revitalization and Chinese Religions in Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121708466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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