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Enabling Future Internet Architecture Research and Experimentation by Using Software Defined Networking 通过软件定义网络实现未来互联网架构的研究和实验
Pub Date : 2012-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2012.24
Flávio de Oliveira Silva, J. H. S. Pereira, P. F. Rosa, S. Kofuji
Internet core protocols were designed in the seventies and after four decades and a huge success, most of that initial design is still in place. As stated by Moore's law, current digital devices offer a huge processing capacity when compared to the computational resources of the early Internet. Moreover, physical links, wired or not, offer great connectivity and high throughput capacity. New applications bring a new set of requirements that the Internet is not able to satisfy in a proper way. The Internet architecture must be reviewed and several research groups are engaged in this design. Software Defined Networking (SDN), currently materialized in OpenFlow, represents an extraordinary opportunity to rethink computer networks, enabling the design and deployment of a future Internet. This paper presents SDN based technologies available, describes some research initiatives and discusses how the research community can use them to shape future Internet architecture.
互联网核心协议是在70年代设计的,经过40年的巨大成功,大多数最初的设计仍然存在。正如摩尔定律所述,与早期互联网的计算资源相比,当前的数字设备提供了巨大的处理能力。此外,物理链路,有线或非有线,提供了良好的连接和高吞吐量容量。新的应用程序带来了一系列新的需求,而这些需求是Internet无法以适当的方式满足的。必须对Internet架构进行审查,并且有几个研究小组参与了这项设计。软件定义网络(SDN),目前在OpenFlow中具体化,代表了一个重新思考计算机网络的非凡机会,使未来互联网的设计和部署成为可能。本文介绍了基于SDN的可用技术,描述了一些研究计划,并讨论了研究社区如何使用它们来塑造未来的互联网架构。
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引用次数: 41
PaFloMon -- A Slice Aware Passive Flow Monitoring Framework for OpenFlow Enabled Experimental Facilities PaFloMon——用于OpenFlow实验设施的片感知被动流量监测框架
Pub Date : 2012-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2012.13
C. Argyropoulos, D. Kalogeras, G. Androulidakis, B. Maglaris
The Passive Flow Monitoring (PaFloMon) framework aims at enriching OpenFlow (OF) platforms with user-aware passive monitoring tools. It thus complements user-oriented network programming of OF controllers with measurement capabilities offered to advanced users (slice owners), e.g. Future Internet researchers. PaFloMon provides per-slice monitoring plane isolation, extending control-plane slice isolation features of OF infrastructures, while it empowers users with monitoring toolsets, e.g. sFlow, Net Flow, widely employed in legacy networking systems. It is based on slice-centric statistics unilaterally described through an XML based Resource Specification schema (RSpec) and collected across Future Internet experimental facilities. The feasibility of slice-based monitoring is verified via sFlow trials in OpenFlow S/W (Open vSwitch) and H/W (NEC IP8800) platforms. PaFoMon can be easily integrated within OF control frameworks, notably the OFELIA framework being developed by the Future Internet Research & Experimentation program of the European Union.
被动流量监控(PaFloMon)框架旨在通过用户感知的被动监控工具丰富OpenFlow (OF)平台。因此,它补充了面向用户的网络编程的控制器与测量能力提供给高级用户(片所有者),如未来的互联网研究人员。PaFloMon提供了每片监控平面隔离,扩展了of基础设施的控制平面切片隔离功能,同时它还为用户提供了监控工具集,例如sFlow, Net Flow,这些工具集广泛应用于传统网络系统。它基于通过基于XML的资源规范模式(RSpec)单方面描述的以片为中心的统计数据,并在Future Internet实验设施中收集。通过sFlow在OpenFlow S/W (Open vSwitch)和H/W (NEC IP8800)平台上的试验,验证了基于切片监测的可行性。PaFoMon可以很容易地集成到控制框架中,特别是由欧盟未来互联网研究与实验计划开发的OFELIA框架。
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引用次数: 15
VeRTIGO: Network Virtualization and Beyond 眩晕:网络虚拟化和超越
Pub Date : 2012-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2012.19
R. D. Corin, M. Gerola, R. Riggio, F. Pellegrini, E. Salvadori
In this paper we present Vertigo (Virtual Topologies Generalization in OpenFlow networks), a Software-defined networking platform designed for network virtualization. Based on the OpenFlow original network slicing system Flow Visor, the Vertigo platform aims at covering all flavors of network virtualization: in particular, it is able to expose a simple abstract node on one extreme, and to deliver a logically fully connected network at the very opposite end. In this work, we first introduce the Vertigo system architecture and its design choices, then we report on a prototypical implementation deployed over an OpenFlow-enabled test bed. Experimental results show that Vertigo can deliver flexible and reliable network virtualization services to a wide range of use cases in spite of failure and/or congestion at the underlying physical network.
在本文中,我们提出了Vertigo (Virtual topology Generalization In OpenFlow networks),一个为网络虚拟化而设计的软件定义网络平台。Vertigo平台基于OpenFlow原始的网络切片系统Flow Visor,旨在覆盖所有类型的网络虚拟化:特别是,它能够在一个极端上暴露一个简单的抽象节点,并在相反的一端提供一个逻辑上完全连接的网络。在这项工作中,我们首先介绍了Vertigo系统架构及其设计选择,然后报告了在启用openflow的测试平台上部署的原型实现。实验结果表明,尽管底层物理网络出现故障和/或拥塞,Vertigo仍然可以为广泛的用例提供灵活可靠的网络虚拟化服务。
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引用次数: 96
Techno-economic Analysis of Software Defined Networking as Architecture for the Virtualization of a Mobile Network 软件定义网络作为移动网络虚拟化体系结构的技术经济分析
Pub Date : 2012-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2012.27
Bram Naudts, M. Kind, F. Westphal, S. Verbrugge, D. Colle, M. Pickavet
Worldwide mobile network operators have to spend billions to upgrade their own network to the latest standards for wireless communication of high-speed data for mobile phones (e.g. Long Term Evolution, LTE). This is in contrast with the decline in average revenue per user and threatens: (1) their profitability and (2) the fast adaptation of new standards. Investigating new mechanisms that can decrease the capital expenditures (capex) and operational expenditures (opex) of a mobile network is therefore essential. Enabling multiple mobile network operators on a common infrastructure is one such mechanism. Software defined networks can overcome this problem and a solution based on exploring OpenFlow (OF) as architecture for mobile network virtualization has been proposed. We investigate two network scenarios based on this OF solution in a techno-economic analysis: (scenario 1) software-defined, non-shared networks and (scenario 2) virtualized, shared networks and compare it against the current situation. By doing so, this paper provides insights on the relative cost savings that a mobile network operator can reach through Software Defined Networking (SDN) and network sharing. The techno-economic analysis indicates that SDN and virtualization of the first aggregation stage and second aggregation stage network infrastructure leads to substantial capex cost reductions for the mobile network operator. As a consequence, mobile network infrastructure virtualization through the use of OpenFlow could be one of the problem solvers to tackle the issue of rising costs and decreasing profitability. Still, we did not take into account the direct effect on operational expenditures and the indirect effect that network sharing can adversely affect the ability of the operators to differentiate themselves.
全球移动网络运营商不得不花费数十亿美元将自己的网络升级到最新的移动电话高速数据无线通信标准(例如长期演进,LTE)。这与每用户平均收入的下降形成对比,并威胁到:(1)他们的盈利能力;(2)对新标准的快速适应。因此,研究能够降低移动网络资本支出(capex)和运营支出(opex)的新机制至关重要。在一个共同的基础设施上启用多个移动网络运营商就是这样一种机制。软件定义网络可以克服这一问题,并提出了一种基于探索OpenFlow (OF)作为移动网络虚拟化架构的解决方案。我们在技术经济分析中研究了基于该OF解决方案的两种网络场景:(场景1)软件定义的非共享网络和(场景2)虚拟化的共享网络,并将其与当前情况进行比较。通过这样做,本文提供了移动网络运营商通过软件定义网络(SDN)和网络共享可以实现的相对成本节约的见解。技术经济分析表明,第一聚合阶段和第二聚合阶段网络基础设施的SDN和虚拟化将大大降低移动网络运营商的资本支出成本。因此,通过使用OpenFlow实现移动网络基础设施虚拟化可能成为解决成本上升和盈利能力下降问题的解决方案之一。然而,我们没有考虑到对运营支出的直接影响,以及网络共享可能对运营商差异化能力产生不利影响的间接影响。
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引用次数: 85
OFTEN Testing OpenFlow Networks 经常测试OpenFlow网络
Pub Date : 2012-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2012.21
Maciej Kuźniar, M. Canini, Dejan Kostic
Software-defined networking and OpenFlow in particular enable independent development of network devices and software that controls them. Such separation of concerns eases the introduction of new network functionality, however, it leads to distributed responsibility for bugs. Despite the common interface, separate development entails the need to test an integrated network before deployment. In this work-in-progress paper, we identify the challenges of creating an environment that simplifies and systematically conducts such tests. We discuss optimizations required for efficient and reliable OpenFlow switch black-box testing and present a possible approach to address other challenges. In our preliminary prototype, we combine systematic state-space exploration techniques with real switches execution to explore an integrated network behavior. Our initial results show that such methods help detect previously unrevealed inconsistencies in the network.
软件定义的网络,特别是OpenFlow,使网络设备和控制它们的软件能够独立开发。这样的关注点分离简化了新网络功能的引入,然而,它导致了对bug的分布式责任。尽管有公共接口,独立开发需要在部署前测试集成网络。在这篇正在进行的论文中,我们确定了创建一个简化和系统地进行此类测试的环境的挑战。我们讨论了高效可靠的OpenFlow交换机黑盒测试所需的优化,并提出了解决其他挑战的可能方法。在我们的初步原型中,我们将系统状态空间探索技术与实际交换机执行相结合,以探索集成网络行为。我们的初步结果表明,这种方法有助于检测网络中先前未揭示的不一致性。
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引用次数: 32
Implementing Layer 2 Network Virtualization Using OpenFlow: Challenges and Solutions 使用OpenFlow实现第二层网络虚拟化:挑战和解决方案
Pub Date : 2012-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2012.18
J. Matías, Borja Tornero, A. Mendiola, E. Jacob, N. Toledo
Novel approaches for network virtualization at Layer 2 which are not based on VLAN have became a real possibility since the appearance of Software Defined Networking and OpenFlow in particular. We have deployed our own network virtualization facility based on Layer 2 prefixes using OpenFlow: the EHU OpenFlow Enabled Facility (EHU-OEF). We have implemented a solution that allows research and production traffic to share the same infrastructure without interfering with each other. It requires minimum configuration in the case of researchers and none in the case of non-technical users. In our deployment we found several challenges with Layer 2 protocols that use broadcast/multicast addresses due to the use of OpenFlow. In order to solve those challenges, we developed several custom modules for the OpenFlow controller and made some changes in the Flow Visor. Finally, the design of the EHU-OEF facility as well as some configuration details are described.
自从软件定义网络和OpenFlow的出现以来,不基于VLAN的第二层网络虚拟化的新方法已经成为一种真正的可能性。我们已经使用OpenFlow部署了自己的基于第二层前缀的网络虚拟化设施:EHU OpenFlow Enabled facility (EHU- oef)。我们已经实现了一个解决方案,允许研究和生产流量共享相同的基础设施,而不会相互干扰。对于研究人员,它需要最少的配置,而对于非技术用户,则不需要配置。在我们的部署中,我们发现由于使用OpenFlow,使用广播/多播地址的第二层协议存在一些挑战。为了解决这些挑战,我们为OpenFlow控制器开发了几个自定义模块,并对Flow Visor进行了一些更改。最后,介绍了EHU-OEF设施的设计和一些配置细节。
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引用次数: 34
Customizing Data-Plane Processing in Edge Routers 定制边缘路由器的数据平面处理
Pub Date : 2012-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2012.14
Fulvio Risso, Ivano Cerrato
While OpenFlow enables the customization of the control plane of a router, currently no solutions are available for the customization of the data plane. This paper presents a prototype that offers to third parties (even end-users) the possibility to install their own applications on the data plane of a router, particularly the ones operating at the edge of the network. This paper presents the motivation of the idea, the reason why we use OpenFlow even if it does not seem appropriate for the data plane, the architecture and the implementation of our prototype, and a first characterization of the system running in our lab.
OpenFlow支持自定义路由器的控制平面,但目前还没有数据平面的自定义解决方案。本文提出了一个原型,为第三方(甚至是最终用户)提供了在路由器的数据平面上安装自己的应用程序的可能性,特别是在网络边缘运行的应用程序。本文介绍了这个想法的动机,我们使用OpenFlow的原因,即使它似乎不适合数据平面,我们的原型的架构和实现,以及在我们的实验室中运行的系统的第一个特征。
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引用次数: 21
Packet-In Message Control for Reducing CPU Load and Control Traffic in OpenFlow Switches 用于减少CPU负载和控制OpenFlow交换机流量的入包消息控制
Pub Date : 2012-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2012.23
Daisuke Kotani, Y. Okabe
We propose a method to control Packet-In messages in OpenFlow switches for reducing CPU and network utilization of switches and controllers. In OpenFlow network, controllers setup flow entries to switches in response to Packet-In messages from switches. When a host suddenly starts to send many packets of a flow without any negotiation in advance, like a video stream on UDP, the control traffic and CPU utilization of switches and controllers become high until the flow entries are inserted into switches, and this high utilization would make network control unstable. In this paper, we propose a method to filter out unimportant Packet-In messages to reduce CPU utilization and the control traffic in OpenFlow switches and controllers. We categorize Packet-In messages into three groups, State Change, Flow Setup and Forward. Controllers process these messages to change the internal state of controllers, to trigger inserting flow entries, and to forward packets to other switches, respectively. Forward type of messages are less important than State Change and Flow Setup messages in terms of network control, because State Change and Flow Setup messages change states of network such as flow entries but Forward messages do not. We propose a method to identify Forward messages in switches by recording the header of Flow Setup packets and by matching packets with recorded flows. We have implemented our method into Open vSwitch to limit the bandwidth of Forward type of messages, and our evaluation shows that our method can control Packet-In messages with little CPU utilization overhead in the switch.
我们提出了一种在OpenFlow交换机中控制Packet-In消息的方法,以减少交换机和控制器的CPU和网络利用率。在OpenFlow网络中,控制器根据来自交换机的Packet-In消息将流项设置到交换机。当一个流(如UDP上的视频流)在没有任何事先协商的情况下,主机突然开始发送大量数据包时,交换机和控制器的控制流量和CPU利用率会变得很高,直到流项被插入交换机,这种高利用率会导致网络控制不稳定。在本文中,我们提出了一种过滤掉不重要的Packet-In消息的方法,以降低CPU利用率和OpenFlow交换机和控制器的控制流量。我们将入包消息分为三组:状态更改、流设置和转发。控制器处理这些消息来改变控制器的内部状态,触发插入流项,并将数据包转发给其他交换机。在网络控制方面,转发类型的消息不如状态更改和流设置消息重要,因为状态更改和流设置消息会更改网络的状态,例如流项,而转发类型的消息不会。我们提出了一种通过记录流设置包的头并将包与记录的流进行匹配来识别交换机中的转发消息的方法。我们已经在Open vSwitch中实现了我们的方法来限制Forward类型消息的带宽,并且我们的评估表明我们的方法可以在交换机中以很小的CPU利用率开销来控制Packet-In消息。
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引用次数: 15
On QoS Support to Ofelia and OpenFlow 对Ofelia和OpenFlow的QoS支持
Pub Date : 2012-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2012.26
Balázs Sonkoly, A. Gulyás, F. Németh, János Czentye, Krisztian Kurucz, Barnabas Novak, Gabor Vaszkun
OpenFlow is the most promising architecture for future Software Defined Networks (SDNs). However, from the aspects of large-scale or carrier-grade networks, it still lacks some key components. For example, QoS (Quality of Service) provisioning is an indispensable part of such production networks. During the evolution of the OpenFlow standard, some QoS capabilities have been added to the protocol, however, even the latest version has only a limited and not well-defined QoS framework. Hence, integrated QoS support is missing in current OpenFlow experimental test beds including Ofelia. This paper describes a possible architectural extension to Ofelia in order to make it capable of running QoS related experiments. We summarize the initial tasks regarding the survey of QoS features and limitations of OpenFlow switches deployed in Ofelia islands and the performance tests needed to characterize these devices. For extending the feature palette of Ofelia, we propose a QoS management platform with full integration into the existing management framework. By means of this envisioned extension, QoS settings of the whole Ofelia test bed can be adjusted easily, in a user friendly fashion. Moreover, we walk through the main steps needed not only towards an integrated OpenFlow test bed with QoS support but towards a QoS architecture to OpenFlow.
OpenFlow是未来软件定义网络(sdn)最有前途的架构。然而,从大规模或运营商级网络的角度来看,它仍然缺乏一些关键部件。例如,QoS(服务质量)提供是这种生产网络不可或缺的一部分。在OpenFlow标准的发展过程中,一些QoS功能被添加到协议中,然而,即使是最新版本也只有一个有限的且没有定义良好的QoS框架。因此,在目前的OpenFlow实验测试平台(包括Ofelia)中缺少集成的QoS支持。本文描述了对Ofelia的一个可能的架构扩展,以使其能够运行与QoS相关的实验。我们总结了部署在奥菲利亚岛的OpenFlow交换机的QoS特性和局限性调查的初步任务,以及表征这些设备所需的性能测试。为了扩展Ofelia的功能面板,我们提出了一个与现有管理框架完全集成的QoS管理平台。通过这种设想的扩展,整个Ofelia测试台的QoS设置可以以一种用户友好的方式轻松调整。此外,我们不仅介绍了实现具有QoS支持的集成OpenFlow测试平台所需的主要步骤,还介绍了实现OpenFlow的QoS架构所需的主要步骤。
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引用次数: 48
OpenFlow and Multi-layer Extensions: Overview and Next Steps OpenFlow和多层扩展:概述和下一步
Pub Date : 2012-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/EWSDN.2012.22
Meral Shirazipour, Ying Zhang, N. Beheshti, Geoffrey Lefebvre, M. Tatipamula
Even though software-defined networking (SDN) and the OpenFlow protocol have demonstrated great practicality in the packet domain, there has been some hesitance in extending the OpenFlow specification to circuit and optical switched domains that constitute wide area multi-layer transport networks. This paper presents an overview of various proposals with regards to extending OpenFlow to support circuit switched multi-layer networks. The goal is to shed light on these ideas and propose a way forward. This paper favors a top-down approach, which relies on transport network's main SDN use case: packet-optical integration, to help identify the sufficient extensions for OpenFlow to support circuit/optical switching.
尽管软件定义网络(SDN)和OpenFlow协议已经在分组领域证明了很大的实用性,但在将OpenFlow规范扩展到构成广域多层传输网络的电路和光交换领域方面仍存在一些犹豫。本文概述了有关扩展OpenFlow以支持电路交换多层网络的各种建议。我们的目标是阐明这些想法,并提出前进的方向。本文倾向于一种自上而下的方法,它依赖于传输网络的主要SDN用例:分组光集成,以帮助确定OpenFlow的足够扩展以支持电路/光交换。
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引用次数: 18
期刊
2012 European Workshop on Software Defined Networking
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