GeroScience最新文献_第5页

Elevated mtDNA copy number in older adults is linked to methylation of mitochondrial and nuclear regulatory regions. 老年人mtDNA拷贝数升高与线粒体和核调控区甲基化有关。

IF 5.6 2区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

GeroScience

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-025-02037-2

Hongbo Chi,Hongying Shu,Yingmei Yang,Yuji Ikeno,Jiong Wu,Zhihong Wang,Habil Zare,Mikhail Alexeyev,Yidong Bai

Growing evidence shows that epigenetic modification and mitochondrial dysfunction are hallmarks of aging and are associated with the development of a wide range of age-related diseases. Mitochondrial biogenesis, which is marked by mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), is one of the major regulations of mitochondrial function by a set of transacting elements, including mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma (POLG), working on the mtDNA control region. In this study, we investigated the mtDNAcn and the methylation status at both mtDNA control and POLGA promoter regions in human blood cells from individuals with a wide range of ages. A total of 119 blood samples were collected, including 24 umbilical cord blood samples from newborns and 95 peripheral blood samples from individuals aged 18 to 96 years. We observed an increase in mtDNAcn, as well as a rise in the methylation levels of the mtDNA control region during aging, particularly in subjects aged ≥ 45. In addition, a positive correlation was also found between the methylation levels of the 4th CpG site in the POLGA promoter region and mtDNAcn during aging. These results suggest epigenetic regulation at mitochondrial and nuclear genes for mitochondrial biogenesis during aging in human blood cells.

越来越多的证据表明，表观遗传修饰和线粒体功能障碍是衰老的标志，并与一系列与年龄有关的疾病的发展有关。线粒体生物发生以线粒体DNA拷贝数（mtDNAcn）为标志，是线粒体功能的主要调控因素之一，包括线粒体DNA聚合酶γ (POLG)在内的一系列交易元件作用于线粒体DNA控制区。在这项研究中，我们研究了来自不同年龄个体的人血细胞中mtDNAcn和mtDNA控制区域和POLGA启动子区域的甲基化状态。总共采集了119份血液样本，包括24份新生儿脐带血样本和95份18至96岁个体外周血样本。我们观察到mtDNAcn的增加，以及mtDNA控制区甲基化水平的上升，特别是在年龄≥45岁的受试者中。此外，在衰老过程中，POLGA启动子区第4 CpG位点的甲基化水平与mtDNAcn也存在正相关。这些结果表明，在人类血细胞衰老过程中，线粒体和核基因的表观遗传调控与线粒体生物发生有关。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of fasting-mimicking diet on markers of autophagy and metabolic health in human subjects. 模拟禁食饮食对人体自噬标志物和代谢健康的影响。

IF 5.6 2区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

GeroScience

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-025-02035-4

Sara E Espinoza,Sue Park,Gavin Connolly,Wenbo Qi,Ning Zhang,Manpreet Semwal,Yan Li,Marie Lauzon,Adam B Salmon,William Hsu,Min Wei,Nicolas Musi

We conducted a pilot randomized clinical trial to examine the effects of the fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) on autophagic flux and metabolic health markers in healthy humans. Thirty healthy participants were randomized to two oral formulations of FMD (ProLon and FMD2) or control for 8 days. Blood was collected at baseline, days 4 and 6 during intervention, and 48 h after completing FMD (Day 8). Effects on autophagic flux were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using the ratio of LC3B-II/LC3B-I protein in samples treated with chloroquine (CQ) ex vivo. Metabolic outcomes measured included fasting plasma glucose, insulin, insulin growth factor-1, β-hydroxy-butyrate (BHB), and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). One-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to determine significant differences between groups, both at individual time points and changes from baseline to subsequent time points. Participants were 49.1 ± 11.8 years. Significant between-group differences were observed in changes from baseline to the end of the 6-day dietary intervention for body weight, fasting glucose, BHB, HOMA-IR, and autophagic flux (p < 0.05); however, differences were not significant across all time points. These results suggest that FMD may improve autophagic flux and markers of metabolic health. FMD may serve as a non-pharmaceutical intervention to modulate autophagy; however, further investigation with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm and extend these findings. This clinical trial was sponsored by L-Nutra Inc. and registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06115551).

我们进行了一项随机临床试验，以研究模拟禁食饮食（FMD）对健康人自噬通量和代谢健康标志物的影响。30名健康参与者被随机分为两组口服口蹄疫制剂（ProLon和FMD2）或对照组，为期8天。在基线、干预期间第4天和第6天以及完成FMD后48小时（第8天）采集血液。采用体外处理过的氯喹（CQ）对外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）自噬通量的影响，采用LC3B-II/LC3B-I蛋白的比值测定。代谢指标包括空腹血糖、胰岛素、胰岛素生长因子-1、β-羟基丁酸酯（BHB）和胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）。使用单因素方差分析或Kruskal-Wallis检验来确定各组之间在个体时间点和从基线到后续时间点的变化的显著差异。参与者年龄49.1±11.8岁。从基线到6天饮食干预结束时，体重、空腹血糖、BHB、HOMA-IR和自噬通量的变化在组间有显著差异（p < 0.05）；然而，在所有时间点上差异并不显著。这些结果表明，FMD可以改善自噬通量和代谢健康指标。口蹄疫可以作为一种非药物干预来调节自噬；然而，需要更大样本量的进一步调查来证实和扩展这些发现。该临床试验由L-Nutra公司赞助，并在ClinicalTrials.gov （NCT06115551）上注册。

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引用次数: 0

Deep neural networks and genome-wide associations reveal the polygenic architecture of local brain aging. 深度神经网络和全基因组关联揭示了局部大脑衰老的多基因结构。

IF 5.6 2区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

GeroScience

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-025-02046-1

Nicholas J Kim,Ayati Mishra,Nahian F Chowdhury,Samuel D Anderson,Owen M Vega,Nikhil N Chaudhari,Kenneth H Buetow,Paul M Thompson,Andrei Irimia

Local brain age (LBA) is a regional metric of brain aging that offers a spatially resolved alternative to global brain age, but whose genetic basis is unexplored. This study reports the first genome-wide association study of cortical LBA, as estimated by a deep neural network from the T1-weighted magnetic resonance images of 41,708 cognitively normal adults in the UK Biobank. We identified 1,212 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with LBA in at least one brain region. Genes mapped to these SNPs are involved in developmental, metabolic, immune, and cytoskeletal pathways. Dimensionality reduction of SNP association profiles uncovered three clusters linked to morphogenetic, cytoskeletal, and immuno-epigenetic processes, helping to relate neuroanatomic, immunosenescent and epigenetic mechanisms of brain aging. Top variants are mapped to KCNK2, NUAK1, GMNC, MSL2, and to other genes implicated in neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration. Spatial clustering of LBA-associated variants in default mode, limbic, and motor network regions parallel regional vulnerability to Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia. These findings establish a polygenic architecture for regional brain aging and support LBA as a genetically informed phenotype for studying aging-related neurodegeneration. Our results suggest that cortical aging is not governed by isolated loci but by coordinated genetic programs-rooted in development, metabolism, and cellular structure-that confer lifelong patterns of regional brain vulnerability and resilience. This first genetic dissection of spatially specific brain aging reveals a polygenic landscape of coordinated genetic programs, developmentally encoded and metabolically maintained during senescence. This study reframes aging as an anatomically specific genetic process reflecting the varying structural vulnerabilities observed across neurodegenerative diseases.

局部脑年龄（Local brain age， LBA）是脑衰老的一种区域性度量，它提供了一种空间上可解决的替代方案，但其遗传基础尚未被探索。这项研究报告了皮层LBA的第一个全基因组关联研究，通过深度神经网络从英国生物银行的41,708名认知正常成年人的t1加权磁共振图像中估计。我们在至少一个大脑区域发现了1212个与LBA显著相关的单核苷酸多态性（snp）。与这些snp相关的基因参与了发育、代谢、免疫和细胞骨架途径。SNP关联谱的降维揭示了与形态发生、细胞骨架和免疫-表观遗传过程相关的三个簇，有助于将脑衰老的神经解剖学、免疫衰老和表观遗传机制联系起来。顶级变异被定位为KCNK2、NUAK1、GMNC、MSL2以及其他与神经发育和神经变性有关的基因。lba相关变异在默认模式、边缘和运动网络区域的空间聚类与阿尔茨海默病和额颞叶痴呆的区域易感性相似。这些发现建立了区域脑老化的多基因结构，并支持LBA作为研究衰老相关神经变性的遗传信息表型。我们的研究结果表明，皮质老化不是由孤立的基因座控制的，而是由植根于发育、代谢和细胞结构的协调遗传程序控制的，这些遗传程序赋予了大脑区域脆弱性和恢复力的终身模式。这是对空间特异性脑衰老的首次遗传解剖，揭示了在衰老过程中发育编码和代谢维持的协调遗传程序的多基因景观。这项研究将衰老重新定义为一个解剖学上特定的遗传过程，反映了在神经退行性疾病中观察到的不同结构脆弱性。

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引用次数: 0

A multi-omics analysis of human fibroblasts overexpressing an Alu transposon reveals widespread disruptions in aging-associated pathways. 一项对过表达Alu转座子的人成纤维细胞的多组学分析揭示了衰老相关途径的广泛中断。

IF 5.4 2区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

GeroScience

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-025-02033-6

Juan I Bravo, Eyael Tewelde, Christina D King, Joanna Bons, Samah Shah, Jacob Rose, Judith Campisi, Birgit Schilling, Bérénice A Benayoun

During aging and cellular senescence, repetitive elements are frequently transcriptionally derepressed across species and cell types. Among these, the most abundant repeats by copy number in the human genome are Alu retrotransposons. Though Alu elements are often studied for their mutagenic potential, there is increasing appreciation for their contributions to other biological functions, including pro-inflammatory signaling and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, a comprehensive analysis of Alu-driven molecular changes remains to be conducted, and Alu's potential contributions to aging features remain incompletely characterized. Here, we show that overexpression of an AluJb transposon in human primary IMR-90 fibroblasts leads to large-scale alterations across the transcriptome, cellular proteome, and secretome. Functional genomics analyses reveal alterations in aging pathways, broadly, and mitochondrial metabolism, proteostasis, cell cycle, and extracellular matrix pathways, more specifically. Our results demonstrate that Alu transcriptional upregulation is sufficient to drive widespread disruptions to cellular homeostasis that mirror aging-associated alterations.

在衰老和细胞衰老过程中，重复元件在不同物种和细胞类型中经常被转录抑制。其中，按拷贝数计算，人类基因组中重复次数最多的是Alu反转录转座子。尽管Alu元素经常因其致突变潜力而被研究，但越来越多的人认识到它们对其他生物学功能的贡献，包括促炎信号和线粒体功能障碍。然而，对Alu驱动的分子变化的全面分析仍有待进行，并且Alu对衰老特征的潜在贡献仍未完全表征。在这里，我们发现AluJb转座子在人原代IMR-90成纤维细胞中的过表达导致转录组、细胞蛋白质组和分泌组的大规模改变。功能基因组学分析揭示了衰老途径的改变，更具体地说，线粒体代谢、蛋白质平衡、细胞周期和细胞外基质途径的改变。我们的研究结果表明，Alu转录上调足以驱动反映衰老相关改变的细胞稳态的广泛破坏。

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引用次数: 0

Malnutrition as an independent risk factor for incident delirium in cohort of older adults receiving domiciliary care services. 在接受居家护理服务的老年人队列中，营养不良是发生谵妄的独立危险因素。

IF 5.6 2区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

GeroScience

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-025-02040-7

Benedicte Huseby Bøhn,Maria Krogseth,Nina Jøranson,Torgeir Bruun Wyller,Geir Selbæk,Gro Gujord Tangen

BACKGROUNDMalnutrition and frailty frequently affect older adults receiving domiciliary care services, increasing their vulnerability to adverse events such as delirium. Despite this, the role of malnutrition as a risk factor for delirium in this population remains under-researched. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between nutritional status and the development of delirium over a 2-year period among older adults who received domiciliary care services.METHODIn this 2-year prospective cohort study, we included 210 participants aged 65 years or older who received domiciliary care services at least once per week. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment at the time of inclusion, while delirium was assessed weekly, upon admission to hospital, and upon clinical indication according to DSM-5 criteria. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between malnutrition and delirium.RESULTSOf the sample, 116 (55.2%) were malnourished/at risk of malnutrition at the time of inclusion. Over a 2-year period, 42.4% developed delirium. The odds ratio for developing delirium was 2.00 (95% CI 1.08-3.72, P = 0.028), for the group with malnutrition/risk of malnutrition, adjusted for covariates.CONCLUSIONMalnutrition is an independent risk factor for delirium in older adults receiving domiciliary care services. These findings highlight the importance of regular nutritional assessments and interventions to potentially reduce the risk of delirium in this vulnerable population.

营养不良和虚弱经常影响到接受居家护理服务的老年人，增加了他们对谵妄等不良事件的脆弱性。尽管如此，在这一人群中，营养不良作为谵妄危险因素的作用仍未得到充分研究。本研究的目的是在接受居家护理服务的老年人中检查营养状况与谵妄发展之间的关系。方法在这项为期2年的前瞻性队列研究中，我们纳入了210名年龄在65岁或以上、每周至少接受一次居家护理服务的参与者。在纳入时使用迷你营养评估评估营养状况，而谵妄每周评估一次，在入院时，根据DSM-5标准的临床指征。采用Logistic回归分析探讨营养不良与谵妄的关系。结果116人（55.2%）在纳入时营养不良或有营养不良风险。在2年的时间里，42.4%的人患上了谵妄。经协变量调整后，营养不良/有营养不良风险组发生谵妄的比值比为2.00 （95% CI 1.08-3.72, P = 0.028）。结论营养不良是接受居家护理的老年人谵妄的独立危险因素。这些发现强调了定期营养评估和干预的重要性，以潜在地降低这一弱势群体谵妄的风险。

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引用次数: 0

Cognitive training effects are shaped more by individual brain dynamics than age-evidence from younger and older women. 认知训练的效果更多地是由个体大脑动态而不是年龄决定的——从年轻女性和老年女性身上可以看出这一点。

IF 5.6 2区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

GeroScience

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-025-02039-0

Zsófia Anna Gaál,Petia Kojouharova,Boglárka Nagy,Gwen van der Wijk,István Czigler,Andrea B Protzner

Given the well-established structural and functional changes in the aging brain, it is widely assumed that cognitive aging is primarily driven by robust group-level differences between young and older adults. However, our individual-level EEG functional connectivity analysis challenges this notion. We investigated the impact of cognitive training on functional brain connectivity using task-switching paradigms in 39 younger (18-25 years) and 40 older (60-75 years) women. Participants were randomly assigned to either a training group, which completed eight individualized 1-h cognitive training sessions, or a no-contact control group. EEG was recorded at both pre- and post-training sessions across three task-switching paradigms (trained and near-transfer versions). Unique functional connectivity of different sources of variation was examined by calculating how much variance was shared across stable traits (e.g., individual, age, and common factors) or dynamic states (e.g., task and training effects). Our results revealed that age accounted for only a modest proportion of variance, whereas self-similarity was a dominant factor-particularly in older adults. Similarly, group-level training effects were small but strongly modulated by individual neural profiles, suggesting person-specific trajectories. Participants recruited distinct neural networks across tasks, and even within the same task engaged unique, individual-specific network configurations, reflecting personalized brain adaptations to cognitive demands. Importantly, older adults displayed a shift from common to individual network patterns, consistent with increased neural specialization and compensatory mechanisms. These findings underscore the importance of moving beyond group-level contrasts toward models that capture the complexity of individual brain dynamics in cognitive aging and training responsiveness.

考虑到老化的大脑结构和功能的变化，人们普遍认为认知老化主要是由年轻人和老年人之间的群体水平差异驱动的。然而，我们的个人层面的脑电图功能连接分析挑战了这一概念。我们利用任务转换范式研究了39名年轻女性（18-25岁）和40名老年女性（60-75岁）的认知训练对脑功能连通性的影响。参与者被随机分配到一个训练组，他们完成了8个个性化的1小时认知训练课程，或者一个不接触的对照组。在训练前和训练后记录三种任务转换范式（训练后和接近转移时）的脑电图。通过计算稳定特征（例如，个体、年龄和共同因素）或动态状态（例如，任务和训练效应）之间共享的方差，研究了不同变异源的独特功能连通性。我们的研究结果显示，年龄在差异中只占很小的比例，而自我相似性是一个主要因素——尤其是在老年人中。同样，群体水平的训练效果很小，但受到个人神经图谱的强烈调节，这表明了个人特定的轨迹。参与者在不同的任务中使用不同的神经网络，甚至在同一任务中使用独特的、个人特定的网络配置，反映了个性化的大脑对认知需求的适应。重要的是，老年人表现出从共同网络模式到个体网络模式的转变，这与神经专业化和代偿机制的增加是一致的。这些发现强调了超越群体水平对比的重要性，这些模型捕捉了认知老化和训练反应性中个体大脑动态的复杂性。

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引用次数: 0

Your brain doesn't look a day past 70! Cross-sectional associations with brain-predicted age in the cognitively-intact oldest-old. 你的大脑看起来还不到70岁呢！在认知完整的老年人中，与大脑预测年龄的横断面关联。

IF 5.4 2区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

GeroScience

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-025-02027-4

Mark K Britton, Hannah Hoogerwoerd, Joshua Juhasz, Keyanni Joy Johnson, Paul D Stewart, Pradyumna K Bharadwaj, Stacy S Merritt, Cortney J Jessup, Clinton B Wright, G Alex Hishaw, David A Raichlen, Victor A Del Bene, Virginia G Wadley, Theodore P Trouard, Noam Alperin, Bonnie E Levin, Tatjana Rundek, Kristina M Visscher, Gene E Alexander, Ronald A Cohen, Eric C Porges, Joseph M Gullett

The cognitively-intact oldest-old (85 +) may be the most-resilient members of their birth cohort; due to survivorship effects (e.g., depletion of susceptibles), risk factors associated with brain aging biomarkers in younger samples may not generalize to the cognitively-intact oldest-old. We evaluated associations between established aging-related risk factors and brain-predicted age difference (brainPAD) in a cross-sectional cognitively-intact oldest-old sample. Additionally, we evaluated brainPAD-cognition associations to characterize brain maintenance vs. cognitive reserve in our sample. Oldest-old adults (N = 206; 85-99 years; Montreal Cognitive Assessment > 22 or neurologist evaluation) underwent T1-weighted MRI; brainPAD was generated with brainageR, such that more-positive brainPAD reflected more-advanced brain aging. Sex, education, alcohol and smoking history, exercise history, BMI, cardiovascular and metabolic disease history, and anticholinergic medication burden were self-reported. Global cognitive z-score and coefficient of variation were derived from the UDS 3.0 cognitive battery; crystallized-fluid discrepancy was derived from the NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery. Mean brainPAD was -7.99 (SD: 5.37; range: -24.50, 6.03). Women showed more-delayed brain aging than men (B = -2.9, 95% CI = -4.6, -1.1, p = 0.002). No other exposures were significantly associated with brainPAD. BrainPAD was not associated with any cognitive variable. These findings suggest that cognitively-intact oldest-old adults may be atypically-resistant to risk factors associated with aging in younger samples, consistent with survivorship effects in aging. Furthermore, brainPAD may have limited explanatory value for cognitive performance in cognitively-intact oldest-old adults, potentially due to high cognitive reserve. Overall, our findings highlight the impact of survivorship effects on brain aging research.

认知完整的老年人（85岁以上）可能是他们出生的同龄人中最具弹性的人；由于生存效应（例如，易感物的消耗），与年轻样本中大脑老化生物标志物相关的风险因素可能不会推广到认知完整的老年人。我们在一个认知完整的横断面老年人样本中评估了已确定的衰老相关危险因素与大脑预测年龄差异（brainPAD）之间的关系。此外，我们评估了脑pad -认知关联，以表征我们样本中的大脑维持与认知储备。老年成人（N = 206； 85-99岁；蒙特利尔认知评估bbb22或神经科医师评估）接受t1加权MRI；brainPAD是由brainageR生成的，因此，brainPAD越积极，表明大脑衰老越严重。性别、受教育程度、烟酒史、运动史、BMI、心血管及代谢疾病史、抗胆碱能药物负担均为自述。总体认知z-score和变异系数来源于UDS 3.0认知电池；结晶流体差异来源于NIH工具箱认知电池。brainPAD平均值为-7.99 （SD: 5.37；范围：-24.50,6.03）。女性表现出比男性更延迟的脑老化（B = -2.9, 95% CI = -4.6, -1.1, p = 0.002）。没有其他暴露与脑外pad显著相关。BrainPAD与任何认知变量无关。这些发现表明，认知完整的老年人可能对年轻样本中与衰老相关的风险因素具有非典型的抵抗力，这与衰老的生存效应一致。此外，脑外pad可能对认知功能完好的老年人的认知表现有有限的解释价值，可能是由于高认知储备。总的来说，我们的发现强调了生存效应对脑衰老研究的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Healthy diet and slower biological aging as protective factors against microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes. 健康饮食和减缓生物衰老是预防2型糖尿病微血管并发症的保护因素。

IF 5.6 2区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

GeroScience

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-025-02002-z

Han Zhou,Shuai Ben,Qian Ma,RuiKang Yang,Jiao Xia,XiongYi Yang,Jing Li,JunYa Zhu,Qian Liu,Ya Zhao,Na Li,Kun Liu,Biao Yan

This study aimed to evaluate the independent and joint effects of adherence to healthy dietary patterns and slower biological aging on the incidence of diabetic microvascular complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to assess the mediating role of biological aging. In a prospective cohort of 13,294 T2DM participants without baseline DMCs, dietary quality was assessed using a validated 10-point score, while biological aging was calculated from nine biomarkers and chronological age. Cox regression models were used to assess associations, and mediation analysis was performed to estimate the mediating effects of biological aging. Over a mean follow-up of 11.9 years, 3197 participants developed DMCs, including 1392 cases of diabetic retinopathy (DR), 1908 of diabetic nephropathy (DN), and 598 of diabetic neuropathy (DPN). Higher dietary scores (6-10) were associated with reduced risks of composite DMCs (HR 0.845; 95% CI 0.742-0.962), DR (0.804; 0.659-0.981), and DN (0.766; 0.643-0.911), but not DPN. Phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) ≤ 0 was also linked to a reduced risk of DMCs. In addition, biologically younger with higher dietary score (6-10 points) had 39.4%, 30.8%, 53.6%, and 41.9% lower risk of composite DMCs, DR, DN, and DPN, respectively. Mediation analysis revealed that PhenoAgeAccel accounted for 43.0%, 29.8%, and 33.5% of the diet association with composite DMCs, DR, and DN, respectively. The results suggest that healthier dietary patterns and slower biological aging can reduce the risk of DMCs in T2DM patients, with a substantial portion of the dietary benefits mediated through slower aging. Integrating dietary and aging-targeted interventions may offer a promising method to reduce DMC risk in T2DM.

本研究旨在评估坚持健康饮食模式和减缓生物衰老对2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者糖尿病微血管并发症发生率的独立和联合影响，并评估生物衰老的介导作用。在一项包含13294名无基线dmc的T2DM参与者的前瞻性队列研究中，研究人员使用经过验证的10分评分来评估饮食质量，同时根据9个生物标志物和实足年龄计算生物衰老。采用Cox回归模型评估相关性，并进行中介分析来评估生物衰老的中介作用。在平均11.9年的随访中，3197名参与者发展为dmc，包括1392例糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）， 1908例糖尿病肾病（DN）和598例糖尿病神经病变（DPN）。较高的饮食评分（6-10）与复合DMCs （HR 0.845; 95% CI 0.742-0.962）、DR（0.804; 0.659-0.981）和DN（0.766; 0.643-0.911）的风险降低相关，但与DPN无关。表型年龄加速(PhenoAgeAccel)≤0也与dmc风险降低有关。此外，生物学年龄越小，饮食评分越高（6-10分），复合DMCs、DR、DN和DPN的风险分别降低39.4%、30.8%、53.6%和41.9%。中介分析显示，在膳食与复合DMCs、DR和DN的关联中，PhenoAgeAccel分别占43.0%、29.8%和33.5%。结果表明，健康的饮食模式和缓慢的生物衰老可以降低2型糖尿病患者dmc的风险，其中很大一部分饮食益处是通过缓慢衰老介导的。结合饮食和以年龄为目标的干预可能是降低T2DM患者DMC风险的一种有希望的方法。

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引用次数: 0

IF 5.6 2区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

GeroScience

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-025-02023-8

Lauren S Roe,Ryan K Cvejkus,Victor W Wheeler,Christopher L Gordon,Tanya S Kenkre,Joseph M Zmuda,Iva Miljkovic

Declines in muscle strength outpace declines in muscle mass with age, so factors like muscle adiposity (i.e., myosteatosis) may contribute to strength loss. We describe intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) and grip strength over 18 years among middle-aged and older African Caribbean men. We hypothesized that increases in IMAT precede the loss of muscle area and strength, and that increased IMAT is independently associated with strength decline. Men (n = 339, 51.2 ± 5.5 years) were followed for 18.2 ± 0.9 years. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography at the calf determined IMAT (cm2) and muscle area (cm2) at baseline, follow-up visit 1 (FV1; 6.2 ± 0.4 years after baseline), and FV2 (12.0 ± 0.8 years after FV1). Grip strength (kg) was measured by handheld dynamometry at all visits. Generalized estimating equations determined associations between changes in IMAT and muscle area with time-varying grip strength. Grip strength decreased (mean ± SD, baseline: 51.33 ± 8.79, FV1: 47.02 ± 8.67, FV2: 40.12 ± 8.57), IMAT increased (median [quartile 1, quartile 3], baseline: 1.36 [0.73, 2.53], FV1: 1.74 [0.92, 3.14], FV2: 3.49 [2.06, 5.49]), and muscle area increased then decreased (baseline: 79.88 ± 12.33, FV1: 81.12 ± 13.88, FV2: 78.35 ± 12.72; all p < 0.05). A 1-cm2 increase in IMAT from baseline to FV1 or FV2 was significantly associated with 0.18 kg (95% CI: -0.31, -0.06) decreased grip strength, independent of muscle area. The change in muscle area was not associated with grip strength declines (β = 0.03, 95% CI: -0.03, 0.10). Despite initial muscle area increases, grip strength continuously decreased, and IMAT increased. Age-related increases in IMAT may contribute to the disconnect between declines in muscle strength and size.

随着年龄的增长，肌肉力量的下降速度超过了肌肉质量的下降速度，因此肌肉肥胖（即肌骨疏松症）等因素可能会导致力量的丧失。我们描述了18岁以上非洲加勒比中老年男性的肌间脂肪组织（IMAT）和握力。我们假设IMAT的增加先于肌肉面积和力量的损失，并且IMAT的增加与力量下降独立相关。男性（n = 339, 51.2±5.5岁）随访18.2±0.9年。小腿周围定量计算机断层扫描确定基线、随访1 （FV1；基线后6.2±0.4年）和FV2 （FV1后12.0±0.8年）时的IMAT （cm2）和肌肉面积（cm2）。每次访问均采用手持式测力仪测量握力（kg）。广义估计方程确定了随握力时变的IMAT和肌肉面积变化之间的关系。握力下降（平均值±SD，基线：51.33±8.79,FV1: 47.02±8.67,FV2: 40.12±8.57），IMAT增加（中位数[四分位数1，四分位数3]，基线：1.36 [0.73,2.53],FV1: 1.74 [0.92, 3.14], FV2: 3.49[2.06, 5.49]），肌肉面积先增大后减小（基线：79.88±12.33,FV1: 81.12±13.88,FV2: 78.35±12.72，均p < 0.05）。从基线到FV1或FV2的IMAT每增加1 cm2，握力下降0.18 kg （95% CI: -0.31, -0.06）显著相关，与肌肉面积无关。肌肉面积的变化与握力下降无关（β = 0.03, 95% CI: -0.03, 0.10）。尽管初始肌肉面积增加，但握力持续下降，IMAT增加。与年龄相关的IMAT增加可能导致肌肉力量和大小下降之间的脱节。

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引用次数: 0

Aerobic training conducted at different times of day in elderly patients with hypertension: a controlled trial. 老年高血压患者每天不同时间进行有氧训练：一项对照试验。

IF 5.6 2区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

GeroScience

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-025-02000-1

Luan M Azevêdo,Natan D da Silva Junior,Gustavo F de Oliveira,Thais C Marin,Sabrina A A Albino,Luiz A R Costa,Leandro C Brito,Claudia L M Forjaz

Previous data showed greater blood pressure (BP) reduction after aerobic training performed in the evening than in the morning in middle-aged hypertensive men. This study investigated whether the time of day in which aerobic training is performed also influences BP, hemodynamics, and vascular function in elderly hypertensives. In this controlled trial, 54 elderly patients receiving antihypertensive medication (≥ 60 years, 26 women) were randomized to one of the following groups: morning training (MT, n = 19), evening training (ET, n = 18), or control (CG, n = 17). For 10 weeks, they underwent the proposed interventions, consisting of progressive moderate-intensity aerobic training in MT (7-10 A.M.) and ET (5-8 P.M.), and passive stretching in CG (half of the patients in each time of the day). Assessments included BP, systemic hemodynamics (cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance), and vascular parameters (carotid intima-media thickness, arterial stiffness, brachial vascular conductance, and endothelial function) measured before and after the interventions. Aerobic capacity improved only and similarly in both training groups (P = 0.035), while no significant changes were observed in BP, systemic hemodynamics, or vascular parameters in either group (all, P > 0.05). The effects of the interventions adjusted for the pre-intervention values also showed no differences among the groups (all, P > 0.05). Thus, in medicated elderly hypertensives, 10 weeks of aerobic training, whether performed in the morning or evening, improved cardiorespiratory fitness but did not reduce BP nor modify systemic hemodynamics and vascular function. These findings suggest population-specific responses to aerobic training in hypertension.

先前的数据显示，中年高血压男性在晚上进行有氧训练后血压（BP）的下降幅度大于早晨进行有氧训练。这项研究调查了一天中进行有氧训练的时间是否也会影响老年高血压患者的血压、血流动力学和血管功能。在这项对照试验中，54名接受降压药物治疗的老年患者（≥60岁，26名女性）被随机分为以下三组：晨训组（MT, n = 19）、晚训组（ET, n = 18）和对照组（CG, n = 17）。在10周的时间里，他们接受了建议的干预措施，包括在MT（上午7-10点）和ET（下午5-8点）进行渐进式中等强度有氧训练，在CG（一天中每个时间一半的患者）进行被动拉伸。评估包括干预前后测量的血压、全身血流动力学（心输出量和外周血管阻力）和血管参数（颈动脉内膜-中膜厚度、动脉僵硬度、肱血管传导和内皮功能）。有氧能力在两个训练组中均有相似的改善（P = 0.035），而两组的血压、全身血流动力学或血管参数均无显著变化（P均为0.05）。经干预前值调整后的干预效果在组间也无差异（均P < 0.05）。因此，在接受药物治疗的老年高血压患者中，无论是在早晨还是晚上进行10周的有氧训练，都能改善心肺功能，但不能降低血压，也不能改变全身血流动力学和血管功能。这些发现表明高血压患者对有氧训练有特定的反应。

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引用次数: 0