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Study of Outcome of Children with Bronchial Asthma with Special Reference to Pulmonary Function Test 支气管哮喘患儿肺功能检查预后的研究
Pub Date : 2018-11-14 DOI: 10.32474/papn.2018.02.000126
Naveen Ganapan, Charul Mehta
Aim- To study the disease control via pulmonary function test with usage of bronchodilators in bronchial asthma patients. Setting and design: Prospective cohort study done at Asthma clinic, Dept of pediatrics, BJ medical college, Ahmedabad. Materials and Methods- Patients enrolled in this study were from asthma clinic BJ medical college and Civil hospital. Pulmonary function test was done on total of 91 known asthma patients. Here three parameter of lung function is taken in to account. Percentage OD FEV1 of predicted, FEV1:FVC Ratio and PEFR , its effect on bronchodilators on PEFR. Results- Out of 91 patients, 72 (79.25%) patients had almost normal pulmonary function. Only 1 patient had severe restriction of pulmonary function and 18 patients had moderate restriction of lung function. All patients shows improvement in PEFR more than 20% after bronchodilators therapy which is suggestive of reversible air flow limitation.
目的:探讨支气管哮喘患者应用支气管扩张剂进行肺功能检查对病情的控制作用。背景和设计:前瞻性队列研究在艾哈迈达巴德BJ医学院儿科哮喘病门诊进行。材料与方法:本研究的患者分别来自北京医学院哮喘门诊和北京人民医院。对91例已知哮喘患者进行肺功能检查。这里考虑了肺功能的三个参数。预测的OD FEV1百分比,FEV1:FVC比值与PEFR,其对支气管扩张剂PEFR的影响。结果:91例患者中,72例(79.25%)肺功能基本正常。重度肺功能受限1例,中度肺功能受限18例。所有患者在支气管扩张剂治疗后PEFR改善超过20%,提示可逆性气流限制。
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引用次数: 0
A Clinical Decision Support System for Maternity Risk Assessment Developed for NHS Scotland 一个临床决策支持系统的产妇风险评估发展为NHS苏格兰
Pub Date : 2018-10-26 DOI: 10.32474/PAPN.2018.01.000124
Yaelle Chaudy, T. Connolly, B. Magowan
Clinical Decision Support (CDS) is a growing field and the technology is increasingly used by both clinicians and patients. In maternity care, numerous guidelines exist on risk assessment and proposed care plans during pregnancy and labour. However, as new evidence arise, these guidelines are subject to change. It is time consuming for clinicians to a. Compile all this information and b. Keep it up to date. This paper presents our approach to overcoming these two issues: the SAFER (Safe Assessment Form to Evaluate Risk) maternity system. This CDS system contains rules extracted from current guidelines on maternity care and generates care plans at various stages of gestation based on patient data. The system includes a mobile application and a web interface. The mobile application can be used to visualise care plans and edit patient data. The web interface includes an authoring tool allowing clinicians to edit the logic used to generate the care plans, thus keeping the rules up to date. The tool has been developed for and is currently used by NHS Scotland.
临床决策支持(CDS)是一个不断发展的领域,该技术越来越多地被临床医生和患者使用。在产妇保健方面,有许多关于风险评估的准则,并提出了怀孕和分娩期间的护理计划。然而,随着新证据的出现,这些指导方针可能会发生变化。对于临床医生来说,a.汇编所有这些信息和b.保持最新是非常耗时的。本文介绍了我们克服这两个问题的方法:SAFER(安全评估表评估风险)生育系统。该CDS系统包含从当前孕产妇护理指南中提取的规则,并根据患者数据生成妊娠各个阶段的护理计划。该系统包括一个移动应用程序和一个web界面。该移动应用程序可用于可视化护理计划和编辑患者数据。网络界面包括一个创作工具,允许临床医生编辑用于生成护理计划的逻辑,从而使规则保持最新状态。该工具是为苏格兰NHS开发的,目前正在使用。
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引用次数: 0
A Rare Cause of Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Fullterm Newborn: Obstructive Infracardiac Type Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection 足月新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的一个罕见病因:阻塞性心下型全异常肺静脉连接
Pub Date : 2018-10-08 DOI: 10.32474/PAPN.2018.01.000122
Sabriye Korkut, A. Mishra, H. Halis, A. Ozdemir, O. Baştuğ, L. Korkmaz, T. Gunes
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) may cause clinical signs and symptoms of resistant to treatment respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in the full-term newborn. Despite echocardiography being the basic diagnostic examination method, three-dimensional reconstructive computed tomography allows making a more precise operation plan by defining the anatomy in an excellent manner. Cardiologic evaluation should be done immediately in the case of RDS with treatment-resistant full-term newborn because a delay in the diagnosis increases operative mortality.
完全性肺静脉连接异常(TAPVC)可引起足月新生儿抗治疗呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)的临床体征和症状。尽管超声心动图是基本的诊断检查方法,但三维重建计算机断层扫描可以通过良好的方式定义解剖结构,从而制定更精确的手术计划。对于RDS合并难治性足月新生儿,应立即进行心脏学评估,因为延迟诊断会增加手术死亡率。
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引用次数: 0
A Profile of Microbial Isolates and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns in Neonatal Sepsis at a Tertiary Care Centre in South India - A Post HOC Analysis 在南印度三级保健中心的新生儿败血症的微生物分离和抗生素敏感性模式的概况-事后分析
Pub Date : 2018-08-10 DOI: 10.32474/PAPN.2018.01.000123
S. Kamalakannan, N. Manikandan, Sankavi Santosh Kumar
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引用次数: 0
Approach to Neurodegenerative Disease in Children: A Short Review 儿童神经退行性疾病的治疗方法:简要回顾
Pub Date : 2018-07-17 DOI: 10.32474/PAPN.2018.01.000121
Shubhankar Mishra, A. Mishra
Neurodegenerative disorders of childhood are complicated diseases with wide range of systematic involvement. These diseases often pose great challenge to clinicians in terms of diagnosis and management. The purpose of this article is to outline a systematic approach to a child presenting with suspected neurodevelopmental regression. Many inherited metabolic disorders present with neural regression. The clinical approach depends upon the age of presentation, site of involvement in brain. Sound clinical knowledge and better approach leads to early diagnosis, better management and above all genetic counselling. As the medical science is in the track of rapid progression several treatment modalities are in the pipeline for neurodegenerative syndromes, early diagnosis and referral to higher centres can bring a better future to the child.
儿童神经退行性疾病是一种复杂的疾病,具有广泛的系统性累及。这些疾病往往在诊断和管理方面给临床医生带来巨大的挑战。这篇文章的目的是概述一个系统的方法,以儿童提出疑似神经发育退化。许多遗传性代谢紊乱表现为神经退化。临床方法取决于表现的年龄,大脑受累的部位。良好的临床知识和更好的方法导致早期诊断,更好的管理,最重要的是遗传咨询。随着医学科学的快速发展,神经退行性综合征的几种治疗方法正在开发中,早期诊断和转诊到更高的中心可以为儿童带来更好的未来。
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引用次数: 3
Newborn With 21 Trysomy and Chilous pleural Effusion 新生儿有21例Trysomy和紫色胸腔积液
Pub Date : 2018-07-13 DOI: 10.32474/PAPN.2018.01.000120
K. Lomauri
Neonatal chylothorax results from the accumulation of chyle in the pleural space and may be either congenital or an acquired condition. Congenital chylothorax is most likely due to abnormal development or obstruction of the lymphatic system and often associated with hydropsfetalis. It can be idiopathic or may be associated with various chromosomal and other genetic abnormalities. It is important to identify infants with chylothorax, as there are specific issues that need to be addressed in the management of these patients. In the neonate, chylous effusion is a common cause of pleural effusions and characterized as an exudate because of the high protein and lipid content once the infant is fed. The fluid will be clear/yellow to slightly cloudy in the unfed state and will quickly become milky following feeding, as chylomicrons appear in the fluid. Lymphocytes predominate in the differential cell count of chyle. The volume of fluid output can be high, and management can be challenging. We present a case of newborn with 21 trisomy who developed moderate RDS, chest X-ray and US reveal pleural effusion on right side, rapid intervention was made before deterioration, requiring intensive life-saving measures. We review the common manifestations of congenital chylotoraxes and emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and intervention in preventing devastating outcomes from this condition.
新生儿乳糜胸是由乳糜积聚在胸膜间隙引起的,可能是先天性的,也可能是后天的。先天性乳糜胸最可能是由于淋巴系统的异常发育或阻塞,并常与胎儿积水有关。它可能是特发性的,也可能与各种染色体和其他遗传异常有关。确定乳糜胸婴儿是很重要的,因为在这些患者的管理中有一些具体的问题需要解决。在新生儿中,乳糜积液是胸腔积液的常见原因,一旦婴儿被喂食,乳糜积液就以渗出物为特征,因为乳糜积液中含有高蛋白和脂质。未喂食时,乳糜积液呈透明/黄色至微浑浊,喂食后,乳糜微粒出现在乳糜积液中,乳糜积液很快变成乳白色。淋巴细胞在乳糜的细胞计数中占主导地位。产液量可能很大,管理起来也很有挑战性。我们报告了一例21三体新生儿,出现中度RDS,胸部x线和US显示右侧胸腔积液,在恶化前迅速干预,需要加强抢救措施。我们回顾了先天性乳糜瘘的常见表现,并强调早期诊断和干预的重要性,以防止这种情况的破坏性后果。
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引用次数: 0
Good Evolution of Stage IV Neuroblastoma in the Absence of Stem Cell Autograft 在没有自体干细胞移植的情况下,IV期神经母细胞瘤的良好发展
Pub Date : 2018-06-11 DOI: 10.32474/PAPN.2018.01.000119
W. B. Kridis, Ines Werda, R. Kallel, N. Toumi, T. Boudawara, A. Khanfir, M. Frikha
Neuroblastoma is a relatively common pediatric pathology of the sympathetic nervous system. The particularity of neuroblastoma lies in its development from cells whose embryological maturation into adult sympathetic nerve cells or chromaffin cells is incomplete. In the literature, many cases of spontaneous regression of neuroblastoma have been reported, but the mechanisms for which they are responsible remain ambiguous. The specificity of our case is the benign evolution of an osteomedullary stage 4 neuroblastoma and its maturation into a ganglioneuroma 6 years after the end of chemotherapy. This transformation depends on various factors related to the tumor (such as the over expression or not of N-myc, the presence or absence of Treks and their receptors), the host (the intervention of the immune system) and to other external factors. Being able to induce this differentiation by not leaving it to chance would be a therapeutic challage and could categorically change the prognosis of neuroblastomas. This merits a lot of research and studies of various potential future treatments (such as treks inhibitors and retinoid).
神经母细胞瘤是一种相对常见的儿童交感神经系统病理。神经母细胞瘤的特殊性在于其由胚胎发育不完全的细胞发育为成体交感神经细胞或染色质细胞。在文献中,已经报道了许多神经母细胞瘤自发消退的病例,但其机制尚不清楚。本病例的特异性是在化疗结束6年后,骨髓性4期神经母细胞瘤的良性发展并成熟为神经节神经瘤。这种转化取决于与肿瘤相关的各种因素(如N-myc的过表达与否、Treks及其受体的存在与否)、宿主(免疫系统的干预)和其他外部因素。能够诱导这种分化,而不是让它顺其自然,将是一个治疗挑战,并可能明确地改变神经母细胞瘤的预后。这值得大量的研究和研究各种潜在的未来治疗方法(如treks抑制剂和类维甲酸)。
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引用次数: 0
Systematic Review on Executive Functions in Children with Poor Motor Skills and With Development Coordination Disorder 运动技能低下和发育协调障碍儿童执行功能的系统评价
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.32474/papn.2019.02.000138
RF Sartori
Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the tests used to assess working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility, and analyzed the main research results related to executive functions in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder or with poor motor skills. Methods: This review used as data sources studies in MEDLINE, Web of Science, APA PsycNET, EMBASE, and Google Scholar with children with poor motor skills, DCD, and typical development. Quality of the studies was conducted using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Results: 1475 papers found, 31 matched the review criteria; 31 different executive function tests used to assess children with poor motor skills and DCD. Across the 31 studies, included in this systematic review, eleven studies examined only the working memory; ten studies measured only inhibition, a single study measured only cognitive flexibility, three studies examined the working memory and inhibition, one study examined inhibition and cognitive flexibility, one study examined working memory and cognitive flexibility and four studies examined the three executive functions. In conclusion, many tests were used to assess children with poor motor skill and DCD requiring verbal, nonverbal, or complex visuospatial processing, with or without motor demand involved. In some tests the different demands or different types of stimulus involved cause secondary loss in execution. The executive functions deficits in children with poor motor skills and DCD are in a wide ranging and extend across basic all functions assessed (working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility). The pervasive and persistent nature of the executive function deficits suggests a need for a more aligned methodological approach to investigate this phenomenon.
目的:本研究的目的是描述工作记忆、抑制和认知灵活性的测试,并分析与发展性协调障碍或运动技能差儿童执行功能相关的主要研究结果。方法:本综述采用MEDLINE、Web of Science、APA PsycNET、EMBASE和Google Scholar等数据库对运动技能差、DCD和典型发育的儿童进行研究。研究质量采用纽卡斯尔渥太华量表进行。结果:共发现文献1475篇,符合审稿标准31篇;31种不同的执行功能测试用于评估运动技能和DCD较差的儿童。在这篇系统综述中收录的31项研究中,有11项研究只考察了工作记忆;十项研究只测量了抑制,一项研究只测量了认知灵活性,三项研究检查了工作记忆和抑制,一项研究检查了抑制和认知灵活性,一项研究检查了工作记忆和认知灵活性四项研究检查了三种执行功能。总之,许多测试被用于评估运动技能差的儿童和需要语言、非语言或复杂视觉空间处理的DCD,无论是否涉及运动需求。在一些测试中,不同的要求或不同类型的刺激会导致执行中的二次损失。运动技能差和DCD儿童的执行功能缺陷范围广泛,并扩展到基本所有功能(工作记忆,抑制和认知灵活性)。执行功能缺陷的普遍性和持久性表明,需要一种更一致的方法来研究这一现象。
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引用次数: 1
Successful Treatment with Surfactant in Preterm Infants with Pulmonary Hemorrhage 表面活性剂在早产儿肺出血中的成功治疗
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.32474/papn.2019.02.000137
Li-wen Chang
Pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) is a life threatening condition in newborns, especially preterm infants. Surfactant replacement might be helpful to improve lung function and reduce the ventilation support in infants with PH. We report two premature infants (one with early onset PH and one with late onset PH) who have been successfully rescued by administering surfactant (Calsurf) after an acute episode of bleeding. Both of the 2 infants survived, and surfactant administration showed improvement in mean airway pressure and oxygenation indices. In the current study Calsurf was found effective in the treatment of both early PH and late PH in premature infants. There were no potential side effects were found in our study.
肺出血(PH)是一种危及新生儿生命的疾病,尤其是早产儿。表面活性剂替代可能有助于改善肺功能并减少PH婴儿的通气支持。我们报告了两名早产儿(一名早发性PH和一名晚发性PH)在急性出血发作后通过给予表面活性剂(Calsurf)成功获救。2例患儿均存活,给予表面活性剂后平均气道压和氧合指数均有改善。在目前的研究中,发现Calsurf对早产儿早期和晚期PH均有效。在我们的研究中没有发现潜在的副作用。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Ursodeoxycholic Acid (USDA) on Indirect Hyperbilirubinemia in Neonates Treated with Phototherapy 熊去氧胆酸(USDA)对光疗新生儿间接高胆红素血症的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.32474/papn.2019.02.000136
M. Barak
Objective: To investigate the effect of USDA in the treatment of indirect hyperbilirubinemia of neonates. Study design: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on neonates with indirect hyperbilirubinemia whom were hospitalized at Ardabil city hospital. 100 newborns were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into two groups. The treatment group (n=50) received 10 mg/kg/day divided q12h USDA in addition to phototherapy, while the control group (n=50) only received phototherapy. Total bilirubin levels were measured every 12 hours until reaching bilirubin below 10mg/dL. Also, duration of phototherapy and hospitalization in both groups were recorded. Data were analyzed in SPSS.21 using statistical methods. Results: There was no difference in the mean of total bilirubin between treatment and control groups at baseline, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours after admission. Conclusions: Our study revealed that adding USDA to phototherapy in treating indirect hyperbilirubinemia of newborns had no preference to just phototherapy treatment.
目的:探讨USDA在新生儿间接高胆红素血症治疗中的作用。研究设计:本随机临床试验对在阿达比尔市医院住院的间接高胆红素血症新生儿进行了研究。100名新生儿参加了这项研究,并被随机分为两组。治疗组(n=50)在光疗的基础上给予10 mg/kg/天(分q12h) USDA,对照组(n=50)只给予光疗。每12小时测量一次总胆红素水平,直到胆红素低于10mg/dL。同时记录两组患者光疗时间和住院时间。采用统计学方法对SPSS.21进行数据分析。结果:治疗组与对照组在入院后基线、12、24、36、48小时的总胆红素平均值均无差异。结论:我们的研究表明,在新生儿间接高胆红素血症的光疗中加入USDA治疗与单纯光疗治疗没有明显的优势。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Progressing Aspects in Pediatrics and Neonatology
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