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Cost-benefit estimates of an elderly exercise program on Kaua'i. 考艾岛老年人锻炼计划的成本效益估算。
Pub Date : 2011-06-01
Naomi Sugihara, Marisa Watanabe, Michiyo Tomioka, Kathryn L Braun, Lorrin Pang

The elderly consume a disproportionate amount of health care resources, and the recent trend in obesity will only escalate costs. EnhanceFitness® (EF) is an exercise program designed to increase the strength, flexibility, and balance of older adults. A comprehensive controlled study in Washington state of an elderly population has shown that participants who attend at least one EF class per week reduce healthcare costs by 20% per year. The present study reports the costs and potential benefits of replicating EF on Kaua'i. For Kaua'i the annual cost of an EF pilot program for 132 clients would be $204,735. Attendance records of the Kaua'i program showed that 96 (73%) of those enrolled attended at least weekly. Based on national reports of healthcare costs for the elderly, averting 20% of the costs for these 96 elderly would save $344,256 per year. The expected investment to return ratio, I-R ratio, for EF on Kaua'i is about 1-1.8. On economic grounds, a case can be made to support and expand these types of programs. In these times of budget cuts, cost-benefit analysis provides a common economic "language" to prioritize among different programs.

老年人消耗了过多的医疗资源,而最近的肥胖趋势只会使成本增加。EnhanceFitness® (EF) 是一项运动计划,旨在增强老年人的力量、灵活性和平衡能力。华盛顿州一项针对老年人群的综合对照研究表明,每周至少参加一次 EF 课程的参与者每年可减少 20% 的医疗费用。本研究报告了在考艾岛推广 EF 的成本和潜在收益。就考艾岛而言,为 132 名客户开展英孚试点项目的年度成本为 204,735 美元。考艾岛计划的参加记录显示,96 人(73%)至少每周参加一次。根据全国老年人医疗保健费用报告,如果这 96 名老年人能够避免 20% 的费用,则每年可节省 344,256 美元。考艾岛长效机制的预期投资回报比(I-R 比)约为 1-1.8。从经济角度来看,有理由支持并扩大此类计划。在削减预算的今天,成本效益分析提供了一种通用的经济 "语言",可用于确定不同计划的优先次序。
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引用次数: 0
Maggot debridement therapy in the treatment of complex diabetic wounds. 蛆虫清创治疗复杂糖尿病创面。
Pub Date : 2011-06-01
Michelle L Marineau, Mark T Herrington, Karen M Swenor, Lawrence J Eron

The growth and aging of the population of Hawai'i with a high incidence of diabetes mandates a need for more effective strategies to manage the healing of complicated wounds. Maggot debridement therapy (MDT) is one alternative utilized with successful results. Observations have indicated that maggots have the ability to debride wound beds, provide anti-microbial activity and also stimulate wound healing in diabetic patients. None of the patients refused MDT due to aversion of this treatment modality and the majority of patients had minimal discomfort. In 17 of 23 patients with multiple co-morbidities, the treatment of their complex diabetic wounds by MDT resulted in improvement or cure. Maggot debridement therapy is an effective treatment of diabetic wounds.

糖尿病高发的夏威夷人口的增长和老龄化要求需要更有效的策略来管理复杂伤口的愈合。蛆虫清创治疗(MDT)是一种成功的治疗方法。观察表明,蛆有能力清理伤口床,提供抗微生物活性,也促进糖尿病患者伤口愈合。没有患者因厌恶这种治疗方式而拒绝MDT,大多数患者有最小的不适。在23例合并多种合并症的患者中,17例采用MDT治疗其复杂的糖尿病伤口,结果改善或治愈。蛆虫清创是治疗糖尿病创面的有效方法。
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引用次数: 0
Atypical presentations of methemoglobinemia from benzocaine spray. 苯佐卡因喷雾剂引起的高铁血红蛋白血症的不典型表现。
Pub Date : 2011-06-01
Ekamol Tantisattamo, Nuntra Suwantarat, Joseph R Vierra, Samuel J Evans

Widely used for local anesthesia, especially prior to endoscopic procedures, benzocaine spray is one of the most common causes of iatrogenic methemoglobinemia. The authors report an atypical case of methemoglobinemia in a woman presenting with pale skin and severe hypoxemia, after a delayed repeat exposure to benzocaine spray. Early recognition and prompt management of methemoglobinemia is needed in order to lessen morbidity and mortality from this entity.

苯佐卡因喷雾广泛用于局部麻醉,特别是内镜手术前,是医源性高铁血红蛋白血症的最常见原因之一。作者报告了一个非典型的高铁血红蛋白血症的情况下,一名妇女呈现苍白的皮肤和严重的低氧血症,延迟重复暴露于苯佐卡因喷雾。为了减少高铁血红蛋白血症的发病率和死亡率,需要对其进行早期识别和及时治疗。
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引用次数: 0
Medical School Hotline: Developing communication skills for leading family meetings. 医学院热线:培养领导家庭会议的沟通技巧。
Pub Date : 2011-06-01
Michiko Inaba, Christina Bell, Bruce Tamura, Richard Kasuya, Kamal Masaki

Good clinician-family communication is essential for the provision of high-quality patient care. Families rate the communication skills of clinicians as critical clinical skills. However, there has been no structured training of fellow communication skills while leading family meetings in the University of Hawai'i Geriatric Medicine Fellowship Program. Effective training to develop communication skills with families will better prepare Geriatric Medicine fellows for this important task, and ultimately improve the quality of care they provide to these patients and patients' families.

良好的临床与家庭沟通对于提供高质量的患者护理至关重要。家庭认为临床医生的沟通技巧是关键的临床技能。然而,在夏威夷大学老年医学奖学金项目中,在领导家庭会议时,没有对同事沟通技巧进行结构化的培训。通过有效培训培养与家属的沟通技巧,将使老年医学研究员更好地为这项重要任务做好准备,并最终提高他们向这些患者及其家属提供的护理质量。
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引用次数: 0
Thrombophilia and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: a case report. 血栓形成伴卵巢过度刺激综合征1例。
Pub Date : 2011-05-01
Gary Levy, Richard S Lucidi

Background: Ovarian Hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is one of the most serious complications of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. Recent prospective data revealed possible increased prevalence of thrombophilia markers in women who develop severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).

Case: A 26-year-old nulliparous woman underwent ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization with recombinant follicle stimulating hormone and developed severe OHSS. She was screened for hereditary and inherited thrombophilia markers and was found to be homozygous for MTHFR mutation and had decreased antithrombin levels.

Conclusion: This case adds to the limited information that there may be an association between women who develop severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and an increased prevalence of underlying thrombophilia markers. If further research demonstrates a cost effective strategy, screening for those markers may identify women who are at a higher risk for development of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

背景:卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)是控制性卵巢过度刺激最严重的并发症之一。最近的前瞻性数据显示,在患有严重卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)的妇女中,血栓形成标志物的患病率可能增加。病例:一名26岁未生育妇女接受重组促卵泡激素体外受精卵巢刺激,并发严重的卵巢过度刺激综合征。她进行了遗传性和遗传性血栓形成标志物筛查,发现MTHFR突变纯合子,抗凝血酶水平降低。结论:本病例增加了有限的信息,即发展为严重卵巢过度刺激综合征的妇女与潜在血栓形成标志物的患病率增加之间可能存在关联。如果进一步的研究证明这是一种成本有效的策略,那么对这些标记物的筛查可能会识别出患严重卵巢过度刺激综合征风险较高的女性。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of intimate partner violence victimization and perpetration among youth in Hawai'i. 夏威夷青少年中亲密伴侣暴力受害和犯罪的流行程度。
Pub Date : 2011-05-01
Charlene K Baker, Susana Helm

Objective: The purpose of the current study was to examine the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) among teens in Hawai'i.

Methods: Youth from two O'ahu high schools (N = 623) were asked to complete a quantitative survey about their experiences, as victims and perpetrators, of IPV.

Results: The most frequently reported type of violence was monitoring/controlling behaviors. Girls reported higher rates of victimization and perpetration than boys for most violence types.

Conclusions: Future research should examine the contexts in which teen IPV occurs. It will also be important to engage community-based organizations in prevention efforts. Therefore, a train-the-trainer curriculum for IPV prevention and intervention is proposed.

目的:本研究的目的是调查夏威夷青少年亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)的发生率。方法:对两所欧胡岛高中的青少年(N = 623)进行定量调查,了解他们作为IPV受害者和施暴者的经历。结果:最常见的暴力类型是监视/控制行为。据报告,在大多数暴力类型中,女孩受害和犯罪的比例高于男孩。结论:未来的研究应该检查青少年IPV发生的环境。让社区组织参与预防工作也很重要。因此,本文提出了一套IPV预防和干预培训师培训课程。
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引用次数: 0
Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis associated with corynebacterium sp. Infection. 与棒状杆菌感染相关的特发性肉芽肿性乳腺炎。
Pub Date : 2011-05-01
Creed Michael Stary, Yun Sun Lee, John Balfour

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare inflammatory condition of the breast. The etiology and treatments options of IGM remain controversial. Previous case reports have suggested that Corynebacterium sp., a gram-positive bacillus endogenous to the skin, may be associated with IGM. In the present report, we describe the first case of IGM with a positive culture for Corynebacterium sp. reported in the United States.

特发性肉芽肿性乳腺炎(IGM)是一种罕见的乳房炎症。IGM的病因和治疗方案仍有争议。以前的病例报告表明,棒状杆菌(一种皮肤内源性革兰氏阳性杆菌)可能与IGM有关。在本报告中,我们描述了在美国报道的第一例杆状杆菌培养阳性的IGM。
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引用次数: 0
For our children: the National Children's Study. 为了我们的孩子:全国儿童研究。
Pub Date : 2011-05-01
Lynnae Millar Sauvage
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引用次数: 0
UH cancer center hotline: life after cancer treatment: caring for cancer survivors. 休斯敦大学癌症中心热线:癌症治疗后的生活:照顾癌症幸存者。
Pub Date : 2011-04-01
Francisco A Conde, Andrea Wilburn
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引用次数: 0
Is the prevalence of Down syndrome births in Hawai'i increasing? 夏威夷出生的唐氏综合症患病率是否在上升?
Pub Date : 2011-04-01
Heather McDermott, Jean L Johnson

Purpose: In response to a study published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2009, which indicated that the prevalence of Down syndrome births was increasing in the 10 regions studied, this study examined whether a similar trend was occurring in Hawai'i.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Hawai'i State Department of : Health Birth Defects Program for the years 1997-2005. The information was analyzed by numbers of live births and outcomes of Down syndrome pregnancies, by ratio of terminations to live births, by age of mother (< 35 years or ≥ 35 years), by maternal ethnicity, and by whether the baby was born with a congenital heart defect (a frequent concomitant condition of babies born with Down Syndrome). These results were compared with previously published studies on the prevalence of Down syndrome births and pregnancies in Hawai'i and were also compared with recently published data of the CDC.

Findings: THE STUDY FOUND THAT THE PREVALENCE OF DOWN SYNDROME : births for Hawai'i over the nine-year period did not change significantly. Thus, this finding did not match the findings of the CDC study. Additionally, the data showed that the prevalence of congenital heart defects was higher in Hawai'i than in other areas. However, because of changes in the resources available to the Hawai'i Birth Defects Program, fully comparing in all respects data from the 1997-2005 period with studies conducted earlier in Hawai'i was not possible.

Conclusions: THE DATA IDENTIFIED A NUMBER OF AREAS IN NEED OF FURTHER : study. These areas include the following: 1) an examination of the kinds of information and counseling given by primary care providers to women following a prenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome; 2) analysis of the characteristics, values, and choices made by these women to terminate the pregnancy or continue it to term; and 3) determination of why the prevalence of congenital heart defects appears higher among births of babies with Down syndrome in Hawai'i than elsewhere.

目的:根据美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC) 2009年发表的一项研究,该研究表明,唐氏综合症出生的患病率在10个研究地区正在上升,本研究调查了夏威夷是否也出现了类似的趋势。方法:数据来自1997-2005年夏威夷州卫生部出生缺陷计划。对这些信息进行分析,包括唐氏综合征妊娠的活产数和结局、终止妊娠与活产的比例、母亲年龄(< 35岁或≥35岁)、母亲种族,以及婴儿出生时是否患有先天性心脏缺陷(唐氏综合征婴儿常见的伴随疾病)。这些结果与之前发表的关于夏威夷出生和怀孕唐氏综合症患病率的研究进行了比较,也与CDC最近发表的数据进行了比较。研究结果:研究发现,在9年期间,夏威夷出生的唐氏综合症患病率没有显著变化。因此,这一发现与CDC的研究结果不符。此外,数据显示先天性心脏缺陷的患病率在夏威夷高于其他地区。然而,由于夏威夷出生缺陷项目可用资源的变化,不可能将1997-2005年期间的所有数据与夏威夷早些时候进行的研究进行全面比较。结论:数据确定了一些需要进一步研究的领域。这些领域包括:1)检查初级保健提供者在产前诊断为唐氏综合症后向妇女提供的各种信息和咨询;2)分析这些妇女的特点、价值观以及终止妊娠或继续妊娠至足月的选择;3)确定为什么在夏威夷出生的唐氏综合症婴儿中先天性心脏缺陷的患病率高于其他地方。
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Hawaii medical journal
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