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Implementing a Decommissioning Programme in Swedish Healthcare: Experiences of Healthcare Managers. 在瑞典医疗保健领域实施 "退役计划":医疗保健管理人员的经验。
IF 2.4 Q2 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-11-19 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786329241299316
Inga-Britt Gustafsson, Lars Wallin, Ulrika Winblad, Mio Fredriksson

Decommissioning programmes pose a substantial risk of failure compared to other change processes in healthcare. A better understanding of the challenges associated with change processes initiated by resource scarcity faced by healthcare managers is crucial. This study describes and compares department and unit managers' experiences during the implementation of a large-scale decommissioning programme in a Swedish region. A survey was developed and a cross-sectional study was performed, measuring 172 healthcare managers' experiences of (1) the region's leadership, (2) their own participation and (3) their own commitment and responsibility during the implementation of the decommissioning programme. Respondents were 50 department managers and 122 unit managers (93% and 58% response rate, respectively). There was a significant difference between department and unit managers in their experiences of the region's leadership and their own participation in the decommissioning programme. Unit managers were more dissatisfied with the way it developed compared to department managers. For example, unit managers reported a lower level of leadership support, incentives to participate, and that their knowledge and skills were not fully utilised. Involvement of unit managers in a more fruitful way might enhance the results of decommissioning programmes. This study highlights a key actor in this context: the unit manager.

与医疗保健领域的其他变革过程相比,退役计划具有很大的失败风险。更好地了解与医疗保健管理人员所面临的资源稀缺所引发的变革过程相关的挑战至关重要。本研究描述并比较了瑞典某地区的部门和单位管理人员在实施大规模停用计划过程中的经验。本研究编制了一份调查问卷,并进行了一项横断面研究,以衡量 172 名医疗管理人员在实施退役计划期间对(1)地区领导、(2)自身参与以及(3)自身承诺和责任的体验。受访者包括 50 名部门经理和 122 名单位经理(回复率分别为 93% 和 58%)。部门和单位管理人员对地区领导和自身参与退役计划的体验存在明显差异。与部门管理者相比,单位管理者对其发展方式更为不满。例如,单位管理人员报告说,领导支持和参与激励的水平较低,他们的知识和技能没有得到充分利用。以更有成效的方式让单位管理人员参与进来,可能会提高退役计划的成果。本研究强调了这方面的一个关键角色:单位管理人员。
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引用次数: 0
Are There Shortages and Regional Disparities in Lecanemab Treatment Facilities? A Cross-Sectional Study. 来卡尼单抗治疗机构是否存在短缺和地区差异?一项横断面研究。
IF 2.4 Q2 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-11-18 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786329241299312
Kazuki Ohashi, Ikuko Takahashi-Iwata, Zhao Jieyu, Ken Sakushima, Ichiro Yabe, Katsuhiko Ogasawara

Introduction: Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, affecting 70% of patients with dementia. In Japan, over 5 million people aged 65 years and older had dementia in 2018, and this figure is expected to rise to 25% to 30% of this age group by 2045. In Japan, lecanemab, which was approved in 2023, is expected to be a new treatment for AD. However, lecanemab requires stringent management, including amyloid PET scans and MRI monitoring, necessitating specialized facilities, creating concerns regarding the lack of treatment facilities and poor treatment access.

Methods: This study assessed spatial accessibility to lecanemab in Hokkaido, Japan, using geographic information system data. Hospitals were categorized into 3 scenarios based on their capacity to meet the treatment criteria. Service area analysis in each scenario evaluated the population coverage within 30-, 60-, and 120-minute travel times. The inverted two-step floating catchment area method was used to calculate the potential high-demand areas index (PHDI) for each hospital.

Results: Population coverage ranged from 56% to 97%, depending on the scenario and travel time. Coverage for the most feasible scenario (Scenario 1) was 56%, 73.9%, and 88.3% within 30, 60, and 120 minutes, respectively. Northern and southern Hokkaido had the lowest coverage. PHDI analysis identified high-demand areas, with Sapporo facing potential overcapacity issues.

Conclusion: Lecanemab highlights the need for strategic resource allocation to enhance accessibility and capacity. Establishing additional treatment centers, particularly in areas with poor accessibility and capacity, is crucial to maximize the benefits of treatment for dementia.

简介阿尔茨海默病(AD)是最常见的痴呆症类型,影响着 70% 的痴呆症患者。在日本,2018 年 65 岁及以上的痴呆症患者超过 500 万,预计到 2045 年,这一数字将上升至该年龄组的 25% 至 30%。在日本,2023 年获批的 lecanemab有望成为治疗 AD 的新疗法。然而,莱卡奈单抗需要严格的管理,包括淀粉样蛋白PET扫描和核磁共振成像监测,因此需要专门的设施,这就造成了治疗设施缺乏和治疗可及性差的问题:本研究利用地理信息系统数据评估了日本北海道莱卡奈单抗的空间可及性。根据医院满足治疗标准的能力,将医院分为三种情况。每个方案的服务区分析评估了 30 分钟、60 分钟和 120 分钟行程内的人口覆盖率。采用倒置两步浮动集水区法计算每家医院的潜在高需求区域指数(PHDI):根据不同的方案和旅行时间,人口覆盖率从 56% 到 97% 不等。最可行的方案(方案 1)在 30、60 和 120 分钟内的覆盖率分别为 56%、73.9% 和 88.3%。北海道北部和南部的覆盖率最低。PHDI 分析确定了高需求地区,其中札幌面临着潜在的产能过剩问题:结论:Lecanemab 强调了战略性资源分配的必要性,以提高可及性和治疗能力。建立更多的治疗中心,尤其是在可及性和治疗能力较差的地区,对于最大限度地提高痴呆症治疗效果至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Nigerian Hospital and Community Pharmacists' Knowledge, Awareness, and Perceptions of Autism Spectrum Disorders. 尼日利亚医院和社区药剂师对自闭症谱系障碍的了解、认识和看法。
IF 2.4 Q2 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-11-12 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786329241299314
Ayobami Adesoji Aiyeolemi, Ogochukwu Ukamaka Amaeze, Veronica Okugbeni, Oyinlade Kehinde, Adekunle Faid Adeleke, Jamie C Barner

Background: Pharmacists can play a role in enhancing treatment outcomes of autistic people, but they must possess sufficient knowledge and awareness of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Current evidence is scant among Nigerian pharmacists. The objectives of this study were to: (1) Describe and compare Nigerian hospital and community pharmacists' ASD knowledge, awareness, and perceptions; (2) Determine if there is a significant correlation between ASD knowledge, awareness, and perceptions; (3) Determine if demographic and practice-related factors are significantly related to pharmacists' ASD awareness.

Method: Hospital and community pharmacists were administered a self-report survey to assess ASD knowledge and awareness, as well as confidence in caring for autistic people, and perceived benefits of ASD training and care. Data were collected from August to December 2021 and analyzed using inferential and descriptive statistics. Cronbach's alphas were used to assess reliability.

Results: Of respondents, (Total N = 383; N = 201 hospital pharmacists from various states) and N = 182 community pharmacists in Lagos state) community pharmacists had significantly higher mean knowledge than hospital pharmacists (58.10% ± 19.00% vs 53.20% ± 20.10%; P = .016). Overall mean awareness score was 2.90 ± 0.80, with no significant difference between community and hospital pharmacists (P = .096). Perception regarding ASD continuing education (CE) was strongly correlated with the perceived benefits of pharmacy services to autistic people in Nigeria (r = .69; P < .0001). Additionally, awareness was positively correlated with knowledge (r = .47, P < .0001) and perceived confidence in ASD medication counseling (r = .54, P < .0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that being a hospital pharmacist, having courses on ASD during pharmacy degree programs, undergoing ASD CE, and having <5 years of practice experience were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with higher ASD awareness.

Conclusion: Respondents had suboptimal knowledge and awareness of ASD. Including ASD in the pharmacy curriculum and providing CE programs may help improve pharmacists' ability to provide more optimal patient care services for autistic people.

背景:药剂师可以在提高自闭症患者的治疗效果方面发挥作用,但他们必须对自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 有足够的了解和认识。目前在尼日利亚药剂师中缺乏这方面的证据。本研究的目的是(1)描述并比较尼日利亚医院和社区药剂师对自闭症谱系障碍的了解、认识和看法;(2)确定自闭症谱系障碍的了解、认识和看法之间是否存在显著相关性;(3)确定人口统计学和实践相关因素是否与药剂师对自闭症谱系障碍的认识存在显著相关性:方法:对医院和社区药剂师进行自我报告调查,以评估他们对 ASD 的知识和认识、对护理自闭症患者的信心以及对 ASD 培训和护理的认知收益。数据收集时间为 2021 年 8 月至 12 月,采用推论和描述性统计方法进行分析。采用 Cronbach's alphas 评估信度:在受访者中,(总人数 = 383;来自各州的医院药剂师人数 = 201)和拉各斯州的社区药剂师人数 = 182)社区药剂师的平均知识水平明显高于医院药剂师(58.10% ± 19.00% vs 53.20% ± 20.10%;P = .016)。总体平均认知分数为 2.90 ± 0.80,社区药剂师与医院药剂师之间无明显差异(P = .096)。对自闭症持续教育(CE)的认知与尼日利亚自闭症患者对药学服务的获益认知密切相关(r = .69;P r = .47,P r = .54,P P < 0.05),与较高的自闭症认知相关:结论:受访者对自闭症的了解和认识不足。将 ASD 纳入药学课程并提供 CE 课程可能有助于提高药剂师为自闭症患者提供更优质患者护理服务的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Stationary Scholars: The Looming Health Crisis Among Preclinical and Paraclinical Doctors in India. 固定学者:印度临床前和准临床医生中迫在眉睫的健康危机。
IF 2.4 Q2 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-11-10 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786329241299313
S Johnson, Helan Rajan

This letter highlights the critical issue of sedentary lifestyles among preclinical and paraclinical doctors in India, which poses significant health risks that are often overlooked. This manuscript reviews research demonstrating the links between prolonged sitting and increased risks of cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal disorders, mental health issues, and impaired cognitive function in this population. The COVID-19 pandemic is also discussed as a factor that may have exacerbated sedentary behavior. The letter calls for Indian medical institutions, policymakers, and stakeholders to urgently implement strategies to promote healthier work environments for preclinical and paraclinical doctors, including active workstations, structured activity breaks, tailored wellness programs, and educational campaigns. Advocating for policy changes and further research in this area are also emphasized as key priorities to address this overlooked occupational health concern and improve the well-being of these essential members of India's medical academic community.

这封信强调了印度临床前和临床旁医生久坐不动的生活方式这一关键问题,久坐不动会带来严重的健康风险,而这一问题往往被忽视。本手稿回顾了一些研究,这些研究表明,久坐与心血管疾病、肌肉骨骼疾病、心理健康问题和认知功能受损风险的增加之间存在联系。信中还讨论了 COVID-19 大流行可能加剧久坐行为的一个因素。信中呼吁印度医疗机构、政策制定者和利益相关者紧急实施战略,促进临床前和临床辅助医生拥有更健康的工作环境,包括积极的工作站、有组织的活动休息时间、量身定制的健康计划和教育活动。此外,倡导政策变革和在该领域开展进一步研究也是解决这一被忽视的职业健康问题和改善这些印度医学学术界重要成员福祉的关键优先事项。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of the Mental Health Law on Peruvian Primary Care Physicians: A Cross-Sectional Study on Knowledge of Major Depressive Disorder. 精神健康法对秘鲁初级保健医生的影响:关于重度抑郁症知识的横断面研究。
IF 2.4 Q2 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-11-06 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786329241297913
Javier A Flores-Cohaila, Peter Garcia-Portocarrero, Deysi A Saldaña-Amaya, Fabricio Herrera-Escobar, Josue Y Guivar-Cajusol, Henry Ricardo Villarreal-Trujillo, Cesar Copaja-Corzo, Brayan Miranda-Chavez

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the level of knowledge of primary care physicians in Lambayeque, Peru, regarding the diagnosis and treatment of Major Depressive Disorder.

Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 106 primary care physicians in Lambayeque, Peru. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire assessing Major Depressive Disorder diagnosis and treatment knowledge. Physicians' knowledge levels were categorized as inadequate, adequate, or excellent. Poisson regression models were employed to identify factors associated with adequate knowledge.

Results: The response rate was 81.21%. Only 36.79% of physicians demonstrated adequate knowledge, with none achieving excellent knowledge. The median score was 6 (IQR: 5-7). Mental health training, which may reflect the new law's implementation, was significantly associated with higher knowledge levels (PR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.02 to 5.10). Other factors were not significantly associated with knowledge levels.

Conclusions: The proportion of primary care physicians with adequate Major Depressive Disorder knowledge has doubled since 2014, indicating a positive effect of the mental health law. However, to increase this number, continuous professional development programs are needed.

目的目的:评估秘鲁兰巴耶克初级保健医生对重度抑郁症诊断和治疗的了解程度:对秘鲁兰巴耶克的 106 名初级保健医生进行了一项横断面分析研究。数据收集采用了一份经过验证的调查问卷,评估重度抑郁症的诊断和治疗知识。医生的知识水平被分为不足、足够和优秀。采用泊松回归模型来确定与充分了解相关的因素:结果:回复率为 81.21%。只有 36.79% 的医生表现出足够的知识水平,没有人达到优秀水平。得分中位数为 6(IQR:5-7)。心理健康培训(可能反映了新法律的实施情况)与较高的知识水平显著相关(PR:2.42,95% CI:1.02 至 5.10)。其他因素与知识水平的关系不大:结论:自 2014 年以来,对重度抑郁障碍有充分了解的初级保健医生比例翻了一番,这表明精神卫生法产生了积极影响。然而,要提高这一比例,还需要持续的专业发展计划。
{"title":"Effects of the Mental Health Law on Peruvian Primary Care Physicians: A Cross-Sectional Study on Knowledge of Major Depressive Disorder.","authors":"Javier A Flores-Cohaila, Peter Garcia-Portocarrero, Deysi A Saldaña-Amaya, Fabricio Herrera-Escobar, Josue Y Guivar-Cajusol, Henry Ricardo Villarreal-Trujillo, Cesar Copaja-Corzo, Brayan Miranda-Chavez","doi":"10.1177/11786329241297913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786329241297913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective was to evaluate the level of knowledge of primary care physicians in Lambayeque, Peru, regarding the diagnosis and treatment of Major Depressive Disorder.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 106 primary care physicians in Lambayeque, Peru. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire assessing Major Depressive Disorder diagnosis and treatment knowledge. Physicians' knowledge levels were categorized as inadequate, adequate, or excellent. Poisson regression models were employed to identify factors associated with adequate knowledge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The response rate was 81.21%. Only 36.79% of physicians demonstrated adequate knowledge, with none achieving excellent knowledge. The median score was 6 (IQR: 5-7). Mental health training, which may reflect the new law's implementation, was significantly associated with higher knowledge levels (PR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.02 to 5.10). Other factors were not significantly associated with knowledge levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proportion of primary care physicians with adequate Major Depressive Disorder knowledge has doubled since 2014, indicating a positive effect of the mental health law. However, to increase this number, continuous professional development programs are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12876,"journal":{"name":"Health Services Insights","volume":"17 ","pages":"11786329241297913"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Improving Children's Rehabilitation Service Quality and Experience Through Innovative Programming: A Developmental Evaluation of the Bright Ideas Program. 通过创新计划改善儿童康复服务质量和体验:对 "光明想法 "计划的发展评估。
IF 2.4 Q2 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-11-06 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786329241297910
Meaghan Reitzel, Emily Cheung, Cynthia Lennon, Brendan Wylie-Toal, Michelle Phoenix

Introduction: Evidence-informed practice (EIP) is a widely accepted approach to providing rehabilitation services, however there are barriers to implementation. Bright Ideas is an innovative program developed by KidsAbility's Rocket Discovery Centre, aiming enhance uptake of EIP through incubating ideas identified by KidsAbility staff linked to organizational priorities of enhancing service access and outcomes.

Objectives: To evaluate Bright Ideas by identifying perceived successes and challenges associated with the program with the aim of supporting clinical innovation and the adoption of evidence-informed practices in children's rehabilitation centres.

Methods: A developmental evaluation approach was utilized to complete a real-time evaluation of Bright Ideas. Bright Ideas program materials were reviewed to describe the program. A focus group and interview were conducted with staff who led Bright Ideas projects (n = 7) to gain insight into their experiences. Additionally, interviews were conducted with the program coordinators (n = 2) to understand the evolution of the program. Data was analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Results: Successes that drive the Bright Ideas program and roadblocks it has encountered were identified across three dimensions: the personal level (involving Bright Ideas project leads), the programmatic level (focusing on the Bright Ideas program), and the organizational level (pertaining to KidsAbility as a whole). Key roadblocks included a lack of knowledge about the program organizationally, restricted time resources, competing organizational priorities, and an absence of infrastructure to scale ideas from Bright Ideas into the organization.

Conclusions: Bright Ideas is an innovative program aiming to make impactful change by enabling staff to lead implementation-driven projects. Our findings highlight many successes of the program and use the Theoretical Domains Framework and Behaviour Change Wheel to make recommendations to support its sustained implementation at KidsAbility.

导言:循证实践(EIP)是一种广为接受的提供康复服务的方法,但在实施过程中却存在障碍。Bright Ideas是由KidsAbility的火箭探索中心开发的一项创新计划,旨在通过孵化KidsAbility员工提出的与提高服务可及性和成果的组织优先事项相关的想法,提高EIP的采用率:评估 "光明点子 "计划,确定与该计划相关的成功经验和挑战,以支持儿童康复中心的临床创新和采用循证实践:方法: 采用发展性评估方法完成对 "光明点子 "计划的实时评估。对 "光明点子 "计划的材料进行了审查,以描述该计划。对领导 "光明点子 "项目的员工(7 人)进行了焦点小组讨论和访谈,以深入了解他们的经验。此外,还对项目协调员(n = 2)进行了访谈,以了解项目的演变情况。采用定性内容分析法对数据进行了分析:从以下三个层面确定了推动 "光明点子 "计划的成功之处和遇到的障碍:个人层面(涉及 "光明点子 "项目负责人)、计划层面(关注 "光明点子 "计划)和组织层面(涉及整个 KidsAbility)。主要障碍包括组织对该计划缺乏了解、时间资源有限、组织优先事项相互竞争,以及缺乏将 "光明点子 "的想法推广到组织的基础设施:结论:"光明点子 "是一项创新计划,旨在通过让员工领导实施驱动型项目来实现有影响力的变革。我们的研究结果强调了该计划的许多成功之处,并利用 "理论领域框架"(Theoretical Domains Framework)和 "行为改变轮"(Behaviour Change Wheel)提出了建议,以支持该计划在 KidsAbility 的持续实施。
{"title":"Improving Children's Rehabilitation Service Quality and Experience Through Innovative Programming: A Developmental Evaluation of the Bright Ideas Program.","authors":"Meaghan Reitzel, Emily Cheung, Cynthia Lennon, Brendan Wylie-Toal, Michelle Phoenix","doi":"10.1177/11786329241297910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11786329241297910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Evidence-informed practice (EIP) is a widely accepted approach to providing rehabilitation services, however there are barriers to implementation. Bright Ideas is an innovative program developed by KidsAbility's Rocket Discovery Centre, aiming enhance uptake of EIP through incubating ideas identified by KidsAbility staff linked to organizational priorities of enhancing service access and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate Bright Ideas by identifying perceived successes and challenges associated with the program with the aim of supporting clinical innovation and the adoption of evidence-informed practices in children's rehabilitation centres.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A developmental evaluation approach was utilized to complete a real-time evaluation of Bright Ideas. Bright Ideas program materials were reviewed to describe the program. A focus group and interview were conducted with staff who led Bright Ideas projects (<i>n</i> = 7) to gain insight into their experiences. Additionally, interviews were conducted with the program coordinators (<i>n</i> = 2) to understand the evolution of the program. Data was analysed using qualitative content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Successes that drive the Bright Ideas program and roadblocks it has encountered were identified across three dimensions: the personal level (involving Bright Ideas project leads), the programmatic level (focusing on the Bright Ideas program), and the organizational level (pertaining to KidsAbility as a whole). Key roadblocks included a lack of knowledge about the program organizationally, restricted time resources, competing organizational priorities, and an absence of infrastructure to scale ideas from Bright Ideas into the organization.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bright Ideas is an innovative program aiming to make impactful change by enabling staff to lead implementation-driven projects. Our findings highlight many successes of the program and use the Theoretical Domains Framework and Behaviour Change Wheel to make recommendations to support its sustained implementation at KidsAbility.</p>","PeriodicalId":12876,"journal":{"name":"Health Services Insights","volume":"17 ","pages":"11786329241297910"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to "Healthcare Professionals' Resilience during the COVID-19 and Organizational Factors That Improve Individual Resilience: A Mixed-Method Study". 医疗保健专业人员在 COVID-19 考试中的应变能力与提高个人应变能力的组织因素》的更正:混合方法研究 "的更正。
IF 2.4 Q2 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786329241298050

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1177/11786329231198991.].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1177/11786329231198991.].
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引用次数: 0
A Fuzzy Bi-objective Mathematical Model for Perishable Medical Goods Supply Chain Network Considering Crisis Situations: An Empirical Study. 考虑危机情况的易腐医疗用品供应链网络模糊双目标数学模型:实证研究。
IF 2.4 Q2 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-11-02 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786329241288772
Fereshteh Shahrabadi, Hamidreza Kia, Ali Heidari, Mohammad Khalilzadeh

In case of crisis, the salvation of injuries depends on the timely provision of medical goods, relief supplies, and equipment. The aim of this study is to present a mathematical model for the supply chain network of perishable medical goods in crisis situation considering the uncertain environment. In this paper, a three-level supply chain including suppliers, intermediate warehouses, and final customers is developed for perishable medical items. The uncertainty of customer demand for service and the spent time in the intermediate warehouses are considered using the exponential distribution functions. Also, it is assumed that the life-cycle of perishable medical goods follow the Weibull distribution function. The model attempts to minimize the total costs of the supply chain and total presence time of perishable items in the whole chain. The LP-Metric method is employed for solving small-sized problems. Due to the NP-Hardness of the problem, the modified Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) are utilized as 2 well-known and efficient meta-heuristic algorithms for solving large-sized problems. The findings indicate that the meta-heuristic algorithms are efficient in achieving close to the optimal solution for large-size problems in a reasonable time. Also, the results demonstrate that NSGA-II outperforms MOPSO in terms of the high quality solution. Finally, the applicability of the model to real-world problems is demonstrated using a real case study. This paper can assist the planners and decision-makers of perishable drugs supply chain networks in crisis conditions with on-time supplying and distributing the required emergency items.

在危机情况下,伤员的救治取决于医疗物资、救援物资和设备的及时供应。本研究的目的是在考虑不确定环境的情况下,提出危机情况下易腐医疗物品供应链网络的数学模型。本文针对易腐医疗物品建立了包括供应商、中间仓库和最终客户在内的三级供应链。使用指数分布函数考虑了客户服务需求和中间仓库停留时间的不确定性。此外,还假设易腐医疗物品的生命周期遵循 Weibull 分布函数。该模型试图最小化供应链的总成本和易腐物品在整个供应链中的总停留时间。该模型采用 LP-Metric 方法解决小型问题。由于问题的 NP-Hardness,我们采用了改进的多目标粒子群优化算法(MOPSO)和非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)这两种著名且高效的元启发式算法来解决大型问题。研究结果表明,元启发式算法能在合理的时间内高效地为大型问题找到接近最优的解决方案。此外,研究结果还表明,NSGA-II 在高质量解方面优于 MOPSO。最后,本文通过一个实际案例研究证明了该模型在实际问题中的适用性。本文可以帮助易腐药品供应链网络的规划者和决策者在危机条件下及时供应和分发所需的应急物品。
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引用次数: 0
Procedure Prioritization During a Nationwide Ban on Non-Urgent Healthcare: A Quasi-Experimental Retrospective Study of Hospital Data in Switzerland. 在全国范围内禁止非急诊医疗期间的手术优先顺序:瑞士医院数据的准实验性回顾研究》。
IF 2.4 Q2 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-10-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786329241293534
Thomas Grischott, Tarun Mehra, Matthias R Meyer, Oliver Senn, Yael Rachamin

Background: During the COVID-19 lockdown in spring 2020, Switzerland restricted non-urgent healthcare services to safeguard capacity. While prioritization of care was supposed to be driven by medical urgency, demographic factors or economic incentives might have influenced the hospitals' resource allocation decisions.

Objectives: This study investigates potential determinants of procedure prioritization in hospitalized patients during the lockdown period.

Design: Quasi-experimental retrospective study of hospital data in Switzerland.

Methods: We analyzed 496 456 adult patients with known insurance status and a recorded procedure, admitted for cardiovascular, orthopedic/musculoskeletal or oncological reasons from January 2017 (3 years before the COVID-19 outbreak) to mid-April 2020 (in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic), to obtain admission rate ratios (ARRs, "lockdown" admission rates divided by "normal" rates) from negative binomial regression analysis of fortnightly admissions for frequent procedure-diagnosis combinations. Quade and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests compared ARRs between sex×age, insurance and comorbidity strata.

Results: Admission rates showed significant reductions for 29 of 53 procedure-diagnosis combinations. Reductions varied strongly by emergency, with largest decreases in orthopedic procedures for arthrosis (osteoarthritis) and non-arthritic joint disorders, and the smallest in cerebral imaging for stroke patients and surgical procedures for malignant neoplasms. The only difference in ARRs between strata was a stronger decrease in admission rates for cardiovascular combinations for patients with private versus basic health insurance.

Conclusion: While medical procedures were affected to varying degrees by the ban on non-urgent healthcare during the COVID-19 lockdown, we found no robust evidence that factors other than medical urgency influenced healthcare prioritization.

背景:在 2020 年春季 COVID-19 封锁期间,瑞士限制了非紧急医疗服务,以保障医疗能力。虽然医疗服务的优先顺序应由医疗紧迫性决定,但人口因素或经济激励可能会影响医院的资源分配决策:本研究调查了封锁期间住院病人手术优先顺序的潜在决定因素:设计:瑞士医院数据的准实验性回顾研究:我们分析了2017年1月(COVID-19疫情爆发前3年)至2020年4月中旬(COVID-19大流行的第一年)期间因心血管、骨科/肌肉骨骼或肿瘤原因入院的496 456名已知保险状况且有手术记录的成年患者,通过对频繁手术-诊断组合的每两周入院情况进行负二项回归分析,得出入院率比(ARRs,"封锁 "入院率除以 "正常 "入院率)。Quade和Wilcoxon符号秩检验比较了性别×年龄、保险和合并症分层之间的ARR:在 53 种手术-诊断组合中,29 种的入院率明显下降。不同急诊病人的入院率差异很大,其中关节病(骨关节炎)和非关节炎性关节紊乱的骨科手术入院率降幅最大,中风病人的脑成像和恶性肿瘤的外科手术入院率降幅最小。各阶层之间平均住院日率的唯一差异是,私人医疗保险患者与基本医疗保险患者的心血管组合入院率降幅更大:虽然在 COVID-19 封锁期间,医疗程序在不同程度上受到了非紧急医疗禁令的影响,但我们没有发现有力的证据表明医疗紧急性以外的因素影响了医疗优先级的确定。
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引用次数: 0
Navigating Rehabilitation Transitions at Street Level: A Qualitative Analysis of Municipal Service Allocation to Individuals With Complex Needs. 在街道一级引导康复过渡:为有复杂需求的个人分配市政服务的定性分析。
IF 2.4 Q2 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2024-10-20 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/11786329241293347
Maren Ekenes, Eike Wehling, Olin Oldeide

The transition of patients with complex needs from hospital to municipal rehabilitation following moderate and severe brain injury is challenging. This qualitative study explored the municipal service allocation processes within such transitions. The caseworkers' comprehensive task of combining patients' preferences and needs, healthcare providers' recommendations and municipal guidelines and service allocation were analysed. Data comprised of patients' health records, meeting observations and semi-structured interviews with municipal staff, patients and next of kin. Results demonstrated that the issue of most concern was the location of where the patient was to continue municipal rehabilitation. Municipal caseworkers gathered extensive information, including recommendations from healthcare providers and preferences of patients and next of kin. These were frequently in contrast to the municipal guidelines' requirements and the services' organisational structure. The discrepancies led to tension, which was difficult to manoeuvre. This study indicates that incorporating individually tailored services into the daily service allocation practice can be demanding and even dilemmatic. The designated focus on the transition of patients with complex rehabilitation needs gives insights into how service allocation, user involvement and coordination policies are acted out in practice and may directly influence rehabilitation trajectories.

中度和重度脑损伤后,有复杂需求的患者从医院向市政康复机构的过渡是一项挑战。这项定性研究探讨了这种过渡中的市政服务分配过程。研究分析了个案工作者将患者的偏好和需求、医疗服务提供者的建议和市政指南与服务分配相结合的综合任务。数据包括患者的健康记录、会议观察以及对市政工作人员、患者和近亲进行的半结构化访谈。结果表明,最受关注的问题是患者继续市政康复的地点。市政个案工作者收集了大量信息,包括医疗服务提供者的建议以及病人和近亲的偏好。这些信息往往与市政指南的要求和服务机构的组织结构相悖。这些差异导致了紧张局势,很难加以控制。这项研究表明,在日常服务分配实践中纳入为个人量身定制的服务可能要求很高,甚至会陷入两难境地。对有复杂康复需求的病人的过渡情况进行专门关注,有助于深入了解服务分配、用户参与和协调政策在实践中是如何执行的,并可能直接影响康复轨迹。
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Health Services Insights
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