Hypertension Research最新文献

Although previous studies reported that BP PRS is associated with CVD, it is less explored whether BP PRS and BP are jointly associated with CVD, especially among non-European populations. Therefore, we examined joint associations of BP control and BP polygenic risk score (PRS) with CVD mortality in a Japanese population. Data were obtained from the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) Study, the multi-centered cohort study with 14 study areas throughout Japan. Of which, we analyzed ~35,000 Japanese individuals (Mean age: 55 years old, Men: 44%) with measured BP data (11,242 and 23,904 participants in subgroup #1 and #2). We developed PRS for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in each subgroup. Participants were followed up from the baseline survey (2005-2014) to the end of 2020. Not elevated BP was defined as SBP ≤ 140 mmHg or DBP ≤ 90 mmHg regardless of antihypertensive medications. During the follow-up period, a total of 381 CVD deaths were observed. Compared with not elevated BP, HRs (95% CI) of CVD mortality were 1.98 (1.37-2.88) for elevated SBP and 2.41 (1.66-3.49) for elevated DBP. Compared to not elevated BP in the lowest PRS tertile, HRs (95% CI) of CVD mortality in the highest PRS tertile were 2.28 (1.17-4.43) for SBP and 3.08 (1.61-5.91) for DBP even though BP was not elevated. These associations in the subgroup #1 were replicated in the subgroup #2. Our findings highlighted the importance of BP PRS to detect a hidden CVD risk strata in addition to laboratory BP measurements.

Preeclampsia comprises early-onset (EOPE) and late-onset (LOPE) subtypes with distinct etiologies, placental pathology, and severity, but cellular/metabolic drivers and early biomarkers remain unclear. We integrated placental single-cell RNA-seq, spatial transcriptomics, and spatial metabolomics from EOPE, LOPE, and matched controls, and performed maternal serum metabolomics in a prospective cohort of 199 pregnancies. The scRNA-seq identified 14 cell types; Hofbauer cells and trophoblasts resolved into 7 and 3 subclusters. EOPE placentas showed increased macrophages and extravillous trophoblasts, reduced oxygen-transporting Hofbauer subtypes (HB_1, HB_6), and trophoblasts with heightened HIF-1, VEGF, and IGF signaling. LOPE preserved cellular composition but exhibited stronger inflammatory transcriptional programs. Spatial analyses indicated disrupted oxygen transport in EOPE and perturbed interferon-γ signaling and exosome secretion in LOPE. Metabolically, trophoblasts and Hofbauer cells displayed subtype-specific lipid-transport defects and mitochondrial dysfunction. Three early-pregnancy serum metabolites-phosphatidylcholine PC(22:5/0:0), 3-hydroxybutyric acid, and L-allothreonine-robustly predicted EOPE (AUC > 0.85). This study delineates preeclampsia as a spectrum of placental immune-metabolic disorders. Hofbauer cells and trophoblasts undergo subtype-specific transcriptional and metabolic remodeling in EOPE vs LOPE. Multi-omics-guided, noninvasive biomarkers enable early EOPE risk prediction, informing timely detection and intervention.

Hypertension is a common lifestyle-related disease and is influenced by various factors, including excessive salt intake. Recently, the gut microbiota (GM) has gained attention for its potential involvement in blood pressure regulation; however, polyamine metabolism involvement remains poorly understood. Sixty participants aged ≥40 years from Shika Town, Japan, were stratified into four groups (n = 15 each) based on mean blood pressure and urinary sodium chloride (u-NaCl) excretion. The clinical parameters were evaluated, and fecal samples were analyzed using shotgun metagenomic sequencing to assess the microbial composition and abundance of genes related to arginine-polyamine metabolism. Three major findings were observed: (1) Significant differences in the α-diversity of GM were observed between salt-sensitive and non-salt-sensitive hypertensive groups; (2) The abundance of spermidine synthase (EC 2.5.1.16), a key enzyme in polyamine metabolism with known antihypertensive effects, was significantly higher in normotensive individuals, independent of u-NaCl excretion; and (3) Bacterial species harboring polyamine metabolic enzyme genes, including EC 2.5.1.16, differed significantly between groups, suggesting group-specific microbial metabolic traits. These findings suggest that GM-mediated polyamine metabolism may contribute to the regulation of salt-sensitive blood pressure. While variations in spermidine-producing bacteria and the involvement of EC 2.5.1.16 were observed, these factors alone do not fully account for the intergroup differences related to salt intake. Thus, polyamine metabolism likely plays a part in salt sensitivity, but additional microbial and host factors are also involved. Further studies are needed to validate these findings and to explore microbiota-targeted strategies for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.