Pub Date : 2023-05-18DOI: 10.21157/ijtvbr.v8i1.32045
J. Melia, Desriwan Angga Putra, S. Syafruddin, T. Siregar, T. R. Ferasyi, W. E. Sari
This research aimed to determine the accuracy of the progesterone test kit for milk and blood as means of early pregnancy diagnosis in Ettawa cross goats (PE). Five lactating PE goats were used in this study and were synchronized with PGF2α intramuscularly. The result is that all goats showed a sigh of estrus. Four goats were mated naturally, while one other was not mated. The determination of day-0 was when the females were standing heat. Early pregnancy diagnosis using dairy cow test strips performed 18-22 days after mating or post-estrus. The accuracy of the diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasound examination on day 35 after mating/post estrus. Diagnosis using the milk progesterone kit showed negative results for five days of examination in all goats, whereas using the blood progesterone kit showed positive results in four goats. When confirmed, using ultrasound showed one goat was diagnosed as not pregnant, and four other goats were diagnosed pregnant. It can be concluded that the use of progesterone dairy cow pregnancy test strip kits is effectively used to diagnose early pregnancy in PE goats with high accuracy in blood samples (100%) and low accuracy in milk samples (20%).
{"title":"The Accuration of Progesterone Test Kits for Early Diagnosis in Ettawa Cross Goat","authors":"J. Melia, Desriwan Angga Putra, S. Syafruddin, T. Siregar, T. R. Ferasyi, W. E. Sari","doi":"10.21157/ijtvbr.v8i1.32045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21157/ijtvbr.v8i1.32045","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to determine the accuracy of the progesterone test kit for milk and blood as means of early pregnancy diagnosis in Ettawa cross goats (PE). Five lactating PE goats were used in this study and were synchronized with PGF2α intramuscularly. The result is that all goats showed a sigh of estrus. Four goats were mated naturally, while one other was not mated. The determination of day-0 was when the females were standing heat. Early pregnancy diagnosis using dairy cow test strips performed 18-22 days after mating or post-estrus. The accuracy of the diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasound examination on day 35 after mating/post estrus. Diagnosis using the milk progesterone kit showed negative results for five days of examination in all goats, whereas using the blood progesterone kit showed positive results in four goats. When confirmed, using ultrasound showed one goat was diagnosed as not pregnant, and four other goats were diagnosed pregnant. It can be concluded that the use of progesterone dairy cow pregnancy test strip kits is effectively used to diagnose early pregnancy in PE goats with high accuracy in blood samples (100%) and low accuracy in milk samples (20%). ","PeriodicalId":130318,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Tropical Veterinary and Biomedical Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129233702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is widely known that Escherichia coli (E. coli) can infect the gastrointestinal tract of various animals and damage some tissue organs. Through histopathological examination of the gastric and duodenal organs can provide valuable information relating to how the E. coli infection impacts the animal. On February 6th, 2023, euthanasia and necropsy of a dog belonging to Mr. Kamo Agil were carried out, which is located at Jl. Meyjend Sungkono, Gresik. Anamnesa is known to be a male dog, age ±1.5 months, body weight 0.6 kg. One kennel is filled with 9 dogs, dirty cage, in the house is not unused, damp and close to the warehouse area and furniture office. The dog has never been vaccinated and has not been dewormed. Temporary diagnosis of dogs with colibacillosis. Examination of pathology is carried out macroscopically and microscopically. Microbiological examination with isolation of escherichia coli bacteria and eosin methylene blue agar media. Followed by Gram staining and biochemical tests. The results of anatomical pathology examination showed that the dog had gastroenteritis. The results of microbiological examination showed that isolated and identified escherichia coli from duodenal organs. Based on the results of examinations showed that the dog had gastroenteritis caused by caused by escherichia coli infection.
{"title":"Histopathological Lesions in Gastric and Duodenum Organs in Dogs (Canis familaris) Suspected of Escherichia coli Infection","authors":"Olan Rahayu Puji Astuti Nussa, Arya Surya Kuswantos, Lailia Dwi Kusuma Wardhani","doi":"10.21157/ijtvbr.v8i1.32191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21157/ijtvbr.v8i1.32191","url":null,"abstract":"It is widely known that Escherichia coli (E. coli) can infect the gastrointestinal tract of various animals and damage some tissue organs. Through histopathological examination of the gastric and duodenal organs can provide valuable information relating to how the E. coli infection impacts the animal. On February 6th, 2023, euthanasia and necropsy of a dog belonging to Mr. Kamo Agil were carried out, which is located at Jl. Meyjend Sungkono, Gresik. Anamnesa is known to be a male dog, age ±1.5 months, body weight 0.6 kg. One kennel is filled with 9 dogs, dirty cage, in the house is not unused, damp and close to the warehouse area and furniture office. The dog has never been vaccinated and has not been dewormed. Temporary diagnosis of dogs with colibacillosis. Examination of pathology is carried out macroscopically and microscopically. Microbiological examination with isolation of escherichia coli bacteria and eosin methylene blue agar media. Followed by Gram staining and biochemical tests. The results of anatomical pathology examination showed that the dog had gastroenteritis. The results of microbiological examination showed that isolated and identified escherichia coli from duodenal organs. Based on the results of examinations showed that the dog had gastroenteritis caused by caused by escherichia coli infection.","PeriodicalId":130318,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Tropical Veterinary and Biomedical Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134328728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.21157/ijtvbr.v8i1.32779
W. E. Sari, H. Vanda, M. Hambal, Baidillah Zulkifli, R. S. Zamzami, A. Azhari, Annisa Nurul Qomariah
Infectious diseases caused by microorganisms are still a problem in Indonesia, both humans and animals. The problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics has an impact on increasing morbidity, mortality, and health care. The problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics has also been found in livestock, which can threaten human health. This situation has led many researchers to search for new bioactive compounds as alternative antibiotic candidates to fight multidrug resistant bacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus spp., and Streptococcus spp. This study aimed to discuss and determine the development of endophytic bacteria isolated from several plants so we can know the role of endophytic bacteria in producing bioactive compounds, especially for application in veterinary medicine. Endophytic bacteria provide great potential to produce various new bioactive compounds obtained from secondary metabolite compounds from their host. Plants are one of the hosts for endophytic bacteria. Bioactive compounds from endophytic bacteria are widely used in health and veterinary applications as antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. This shows that endophytic bacteria can be a promising source of new antibiotics to overcome the problem of pathogenic bacterial resistance and disease in the world of animal health which also threatens human health. This review discusses some aspects in the phytochemistry of endophytic bacteria producing bioactive compounds and its application in veterinary medicine.
{"title":"A Mini Review: Endophytic Bacteria from Plants and Their Potential to Produce Bioactive Compounds for Veterinary Applications","authors":"W. E. Sari, H. Vanda, M. Hambal, Baidillah Zulkifli, R. S. Zamzami, A. Azhari, Annisa Nurul Qomariah","doi":"10.21157/ijtvbr.v8i1.32779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21157/ijtvbr.v8i1.32779","url":null,"abstract":" Infectious diseases caused by microorganisms are still a problem in Indonesia, both humans and animals. The problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics has an impact on increasing morbidity, mortality, and health care. The problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics has also been found in livestock, which can threaten human health. This situation has led many researchers to search for new bioactive compounds as alternative antibiotic candidates to fight multidrug resistant bacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus spp., and Streptococcus spp. This study aimed to discuss and determine the development of endophytic bacteria isolated from several plants so we can know the role of endophytic bacteria in producing bioactive compounds, especially for application in veterinary medicine. Endophytic bacteria provide great potential to produce various new bioactive compounds obtained from secondary metabolite compounds from their host. Plants are one of the hosts for endophytic bacteria. Bioactive compounds from endophytic bacteria are widely used in health and veterinary applications as antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. This shows that endophytic bacteria can be a promising source of new antibiotics to overcome the problem of pathogenic bacterial resistance and disease in the world of animal health which also threatens human health. This review discusses some aspects in the phytochemistry of endophytic bacteria producing bioactive compounds and its application in veterinary medicine. ","PeriodicalId":130318,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Tropical Veterinary and Biomedical Research","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130789749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.21157/ijtvbr.v8i1.32430
M. Putri, Aida Fithri Fithri, Zuriana Siregar
Birds are organisms that can be found in a variety of habitats. One of the bird habitats is paddy fields. Birds found in paddy fields generally carry out activities such as foraging, breeding, and competing. This study aims to determine the diversity of birds in paddy field habitats during the paddy ripening phase (Oryza sativa L.). The study was conducted from April to June 2022. The location of the study was Jurong Peujera Village, Ingin Jaya District, Aceh Besar Regency. This study used the Point Count method with a radius of 50 m and a distance between points of 150 m. Observations were made at 9 observation points with 4 repetitions, in which the duration of observations was 10 minutes at each observation point. The observation was conducted in the morning and evening at 06.30-10.00 AM and 03.30-05.00 PM. The results obtained were 2586 bird individuals consisting of 14 species from 11 families. The species with the highest number of individuals are Lonchura punctulata with 1535 individuals and Bubulcus ibis with 637 individuals. The highest percentage of families by species is Ardeidae (22%), and Estrildidae (15%). The Shannon-Wiener bird species diversity index in the paddy field area during paddy ripening phase was obtained H'=1.24 which indicates the level of diversity of the bird species is moderate. Meanwhile, based on the dominance index, Simpson shows a value of C=0.42 which indicates a low bird dominance level. The low level of bird dominance is due to the moderate diversity of species in the paddy field area.
{"title":"Bird Diversity in Paddy Field Habitats During The Paddy Ripening Phase (Oryza sativa L.) Jurong Peujeura Village, Aceh Besar Regency, Indonesia","authors":"M. Putri, Aida Fithri Fithri, Zuriana Siregar","doi":"10.21157/ijtvbr.v8i1.32430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21157/ijtvbr.v8i1.32430","url":null,"abstract":" Birds are organisms that can be found in a variety of habitats. One of the bird habitats is paddy fields. Birds found in paddy fields generally carry out activities such as foraging, breeding, and competing. This study aims to determine the diversity of birds in paddy field habitats during the paddy ripening phase (Oryza sativa L.). The study was conducted from April to June 2022. The location of the study was Jurong Peujera Village, Ingin Jaya District, Aceh Besar Regency. This study used the Point Count method with a radius of 50 m and a distance between points of 150 m. Observations were made at 9 observation points with 4 repetitions, in which the duration of observations was 10 minutes at each observation point. The observation was conducted in the morning and evening at 06.30-10.00 AM and 03.30-05.00 PM. The results obtained were 2586 bird individuals consisting of 14 species from 11 families. The species with the highest number of individuals are Lonchura punctulata with 1535 individuals and Bubulcus ibis with 637 individuals. The highest percentage of families by species is Ardeidae (22%), and Estrildidae (15%). The Shannon-Wiener bird species diversity index in the paddy field area during paddy ripening phase was obtained H'=1.24 which indicates the level of diversity of the bird species is moderate. Meanwhile, based on the dominance index, Simpson shows a value of C=0.42 which indicates a low bird dominance level. The low level of bird dominance is due to the moderate diversity of species in the paddy field area. ","PeriodicalId":130318,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Tropical Veterinary and Biomedical Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124718795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-17DOI: 10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.30689
Baidillah Zulkifli, M. Akmal, S. Wahyuni, G. Gholib, M. Adam, Z. Zainuddin, T. M. Lubis, N. Usrina, Fadya Nirmala
The impact of free radicals on testicular Leydig cells can result in the disruption of male reproductive health. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of a high-fat diet on Leydig cells and the potential of kepok banana peel extract as a medication to mitigate these effects. In total of 20 adult male Wistar rats were assigned to five groups and treated with standard feed (P1), high-fat feed (P2), high-fat feed with simvastatin (P3), and high-fat feed with banana peel extract at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg BW (P4 and P5). After 60 days of treatment, the number of Leydig cells was determined using HE staining methods. Data were analyzed using an One Way ANOVA test. The results showed that the administration of 100 mg/kg BW of kepok banana peel extract (P4) was able to maintain the number of Leydig cells and counteract the negative effects of a high-fat diet. These findings suggest that kepok banana peel extract may have the potential as a herbal medicine for supporting male reproductive health.
自由基对睾丸间质细胞的影响可导致男性生殖健康的破坏。本研究旨在评估高脂肪饮食对间质细胞的影响，以及kepok香蕉皮提取物作为减轻这些影响的药物的潜力。将20只成年雄性Wistar大鼠分为5组，分别饲喂标准饲料(P1)、高脂饲料(P2)、高脂饲料加辛伐他汀(P3)和高脂饲料加香蕉皮提取物(P4和P5)，剂量分别为100和200 mg/kg BW。处理60 d后，采用HE染色法测定间质细胞数量。数据分析采用单因素方差分析(One Way ANOVA)检验。结果表明，饲粮中添加100 mg/kg BW的kepok香蕉皮提取物(P4)能够维持间质细胞的数量，抵消高脂肪饮食的负面影响。这些发现表明，kepok香蕉皮提取物可能有潜力作为一种支持男性生殖健康的草药。
{"title":"The number of Leydig cells in high‑fat diet-fed rats after administration of kepok banana peel extract","authors":"Baidillah Zulkifli, M. Akmal, S. Wahyuni, G. Gholib, M. Adam, Z. Zainuddin, T. M. Lubis, N. Usrina, Fadya Nirmala","doi":"10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.30689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.30689","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of free radicals on testicular Leydig cells can result in the disruption of male reproductive health. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of a high-fat diet on Leydig cells and the potential of kepok banana peel extract as a medication to mitigate these effects. In total of 20 adult male Wistar rats were assigned to five groups and treated with standard feed (P1), high-fat feed (P2), high-fat feed with simvastatin (P3), and high-fat feed with banana peel extract at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg BW (P4 and P5). After 60 days of treatment, the number of Leydig cells was determined using HE staining methods. Data were analyzed using an One Way ANOVA test. The results showed that the administration of 100 mg/kg BW of kepok banana peel extract (P4) was able to maintain the number of Leydig cells and counteract the negative effects of a high-fat diet. These findings suggest that kepok banana peel extract may have the potential as a herbal medicine for supporting male reproductive health.","PeriodicalId":130318,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Tropical Veterinary and Biomedical Research","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124527575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A cross-sectional study was conducted from December, 2019 to May, 2020 with the aim of determining seroprevalence and identifying the potential risk factors of brucellosis in dairy cows with recent cases of abortion and their owners and farm workers in selected sites in the central highland of Oromia, Ethiopia. The overall seroprevalence of bovine and human brucellosis was 0.61% (95%CI: 0.016–2.09) and 1.21% (95%CI: 0.032–4.27) using combined RBPT and CFT tests, respectively. The late stage of abortion (OR = 14.74, p =0.0002), retained fetal membrane (OR = 32.74, p=0.006), market-based stock replacement (OR = 16.55, p=0.002), and presence of parturition pen (OR = 11.511, p=0.027) were found to be significantly associated with seropositivity for Brucella infection in dairy cattle. Human housing (OR = 1.8, p = 0.002), contact with aborted fetus (OR = 21.19, p = 0.017), and drinking raw milk from aborted (OR = 5.72, 0.019) and retained fetal membrane (OR = 4.22, p= 0.029) cows all had a significant influence on human brucellosis seropositivity. A structured interview question was administered to 284 respondents. Accordingly, most respondents had no knowledge of bovine brucellosis and their zoonotic effects (93.3%) in contrast most of them drink raw milk. Implementation of a test and slaughter strategy with compensation is recommended with this low prevalence. In the case of human brucellosis, implementing one health approach framework should be practiced.
{"title":"Seroprevalence of Brucellosis in dairy animals and their owners in selected sites, Central Highlands of Ethiopia","authors":"Temesgen Kassa Getahun, Beksisa Urge, Gezahegn Mamo","doi":"10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.28054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.28054","url":null,"abstract":"A cross-sectional study was conducted from December, 2019 to May, 2020 with the aim of determining seroprevalence and identifying the potential risk factors of brucellosis in dairy cows with recent cases of abortion and their owners and farm workers in selected sites in the central highland of Oromia, Ethiopia. The overall seroprevalence of bovine and human brucellosis was 0.61% (95%CI: 0.016–2.09) and 1.21% (95%CI: 0.032–4.27) using combined RBPT and CFT tests, respectively. The late stage of abortion (OR = 14.74, p =0.0002), retained fetal membrane (OR = 32.74, p=0.006), market-based stock replacement (OR = 16.55, p=0.002), and presence of parturition pen (OR = 11.511, p=0.027) were found to be significantly associated with seropositivity for Brucella infection in dairy cattle. Human housing (OR = 1.8, p = 0.002), contact with aborted fetus (OR = 21.19, p = 0.017), and drinking raw milk from aborted (OR = 5.72, 0.019) and retained fetal membrane (OR = 4.22, p= 0.029) cows all had a significant influence on human brucellosis seropositivity. A structured interview question was administered to 284 respondents. Accordingly, most respondents had no knowledge of bovine brucellosis and their zoonotic effects (93.3%) in contrast most of them drink raw milk. Implementation of a test and slaughter strategy with compensation is recommended with this low prevalence. In the case of human brucellosis, implementing one health approach framework should be practiced.","PeriodicalId":130318,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Tropical Veterinary and Biomedical Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135424167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-12DOI: 10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.30735
S. R. Ayuti, Zahwa Amelia Pratiwi, Masda Admi, D. Darniati, M. Isa, Herrialfian Herrialfian
Mastitis is one of the causes of diseases that can reduce livestock production. Mastitis can be caused by various types of bacteria that cause a decrease in livestock production that is difficult to cure with antibiotics has been reported resistance. This study aims to determine gram-negative bacteria that can be the cause of mastitis in cows. The study used samples taken from folk farms by means of livestock udder swabs. Bacterial isolation is carried out by planting in Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) media and identifying by Gram staining and biochemical tests (maltose and lactose). The data analysis used is descriptive analysis, namely the types of bacteria as the causative agents of mastitis. The results of the study obtained bacteria that cause mastitis of gram-negative species Klebsiella sp and Enterobacter sp yang classified as Gram-negative bacteria. It can be concluded that in cows indicated mastitis there are Gram-negative bacteria, these are morphologically identified, namely Klebsiella sp and Enterobacter sp.
{"title":"Isolation and Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria on Cattle Farms Indicated by Mastitis","authors":"S. R. Ayuti, Zahwa Amelia Pratiwi, Masda Admi, D. Darniati, M. Isa, Herrialfian Herrialfian","doi":"10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.30735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.30735","url":null,"abstract":"Mastitis is one of the causes of diseases that can reduce livestock production. Mastitis can be caused by various types of bacteria that cause a decrease in livestock production that is difficult to cure with antibiotics has been reported resistance. This study aims to determine gram-negative bacteria that can be the cause of mastitis in cows. The study used samples taken from folk farms by means of livestock udder swabs. Bacterial isolation is carried out by planting in Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) media and identifying by Gram staining and biochemical tests (maltose and lactose). The data analysis used is descriptive analysis, namely the types of bacteria as the causative agents of mastitis. The results of the study obtained bacteria that cause mastitis of gram-negative species Klebsiella sp and Enterobacter sp yang classified as Gram-negative bacteria. It can be concluded that in cows indicated mastitis there are Gram-negative bacteria, these are morphologically identified, namely Klebsiella sp and Enterobacter sp.","PeriodicalId":130318,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Tropical Veterinary and Biomedical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130785148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-25DOI: 10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.28592
Andi Novita, Aulia Nuddi Yanti Putri, Herialfian Herialfian, M. Isa, T. Tr, M. Hasan
This study aims to determine of reductase and catalase enzymes in pasteurized goat's milk sold in Banda Aceh. The sample used was pasteurized goat's milk which was sold in Banda Aceh as many as 30 samples were taken by census. The research method used is a survey study method with a cross-sectional approach. Sample testing using reductase test and catalase test. The results showed that the reductase time of 30 samples of pasteurized goat's milk averaged 3-5 hours and the catalase number of 30 samples of pasteurized goat's milk was below 3 ml. Based on the results, it shows that there are reductase enzymes and catalase enzymes in goat's milk and have good quality in Banda Aceh.
{"title":"Detection of Reductase and Catalasse Enzymes in Goats Milk (Capra aegaggrus hircus) Sold in Banda Aceh","authors":"Andi Novita, Aulia Nuddi Yanti Putri, Herialfian Herialfian, M. Isa, T. Tr, M. Hasan","doi":"10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.28592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.28592","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine of reductase and catalase enzymes in pasteurized goat's milk sold in Banda Aceh. The sample used was pasteurized goat's milk which was sold in Banda Aceh as many as 30 samples were taken by census. The research method used is a survey study method with a cross-sectional approach. Sample testing using reductase test and catalase test. The results showed that the reductase time of 30 samples of pasteurized goat's milk averaged 3-5 hours and the catalase number of 30 samples of pasteurized goat's milk was below 3 ml. Based on the results, it shows that there are reductase enzymes and catalase enzymes in goat's milk and have good quality in Banda Aceh.","PeriodicalId":130318,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Tropical Veterinary and Biomedical Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128265026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-25DOI: 10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.30497
Z. Zuraidawati, M. Dewi, N. Syah, R. S. Zamzami
This study aims to test the samples of abdominal fluid from cats suspected of having FIP by using vinegar as a substitute for acetic acid in the rival method. Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is a viral disease that is not zoonotic, but is very fatal with an infectious prognosis in various types of cats and it’s transmitted orally. This study aims to determine the positive or negative results of FIP infection in cats. The diagnosis of FIP can be seen through clinical symptoms such as lack of appetite, diarrhea, weakness, dehydration (reaching 8%), Body Condition Score (BCS) 2, enlarged abdomen, and ultrasound results showing ascites and swollen kidneys. This study uses vinegar as a substitute for acetic acid in the rival method. The test was carried out experimentally in a laboratory. The research data were analyzed descriptively, the results of a positive FIP reaction were indicated by the presence of a cloudy jellyfish-shaped precipitate in the test tube.
{"title":"Use of Vinegar as A Candidate Substitute Of Acetic Acid (CH3COOH) in The Rivalta Test Method in Diagnosis Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) Domestic Cat","authors":"Z. Zuraidawati, M. Dewi, N. Syah, R. S. Zamzami","doi":"10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.30497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.30497","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to test the samples of abdominal fluid from cats suspected of having FIP by using vinegar as a substitute for acetic acid in the rival method. Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is a viral disease that is not zoonotic, but is very fatal with an infectious prognosis in various types of cats and it’s transmitted orally. This study aims to determine the positive or negative results of FIP infection in cats. The diagnosis of FIP can be seen through clinical symptoms such as lack of appetite, diarrhea, weakness, dehydration (reaching 8%), Body Condition Score (BCS) 2, enlarged abdomen, and ultrasound results showing ascites and swollen kidneys. This study uses vinegar as a substitute for acetic acid in the rival method. The test was carried out experimentally in a laboratory. The research data were analyzed descriptively, the results of a positive FIP reaction were indicated by the presence of a cloudy jellyfish-shaped precipitate in the test tube.","PeriodicalId":130318,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Tropical Veterinary and Biomedical Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127165090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-25DOI: 10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.30165
Novi Maulina, Z. Hayati, K. Hasballah, Z. Zulkarnain, Baidillah Zulkifli
The gut microbiota has a major contribution in human physiology and influences disease pathogenesis, including in tuberculosis (TB) lung infection. Gut-lung axis has demonstrated the interplay of these two organs, mediated by metabolites produced by the gut microbes or derived from host molecules transformation. Tryptophan (Trp) is one of the essential aromatic amino acids catabolized as kynurenine, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), and indole derivatives, including indole propionic acid (IPA), via 3 pathways. The latter was microbiota-derived Trp catabolism, which has known to have an immunomodulatory role, as ligands for Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR). Intriguingly, Mycobacterium tuberculosis required Trp as a nitrogen source, especially in CD4+ T cells-generated stress, to survive in the phagosome of macrophage and to cause disease. Recently, IPA is identified as a new anti-mycobacterial compound, which is specific and has broad spectrum of anti-mycobacterial activity. The structural similarity of this gut microbiota-derived metabolite and Trp allows IPA to inhibit the TrpE anthranilate synthase in Trp biosynthesis pathway in Mtb. In this review, we summarize findings from recent work by focusing on the role of Trp metabolites in host cells in TB infection. A better understanding of this chemical signal could potentially serve as a novel strategy for managing this chronic inflammatory disease.
{"title":"The Role of Gut Microbiota-derived Tryptophan Metabolites in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection: A Mini-Review","authors":"Novi Maulina, Z. Hayati, K. Hasballah, Z. Zulkarnain, Baidillah Zulkifli","doi":"10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.30165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21157/ijtvbr.v7i2.30165","url":null,"abstract":"The gut microbiota has a major contribution in human physiology and influences disease pathogenesis, including in tuberculosis (TB) lung infection. Gut-lung axis has demonstrated the interplay of these two organs, mediated by metabolites produced by the gut microbes or derived from host molecules transformation. Tryptophan (Trp) is one of the essential aromatic amino acids catabolized as kynurenine, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), and indole derivatives, including indole propionic acid (IPA), via 3 pathways. The latter was microbiota-derived Trp catabolism, which has known to have an immunomodulatory role, as ligands for Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR). Intriguingly, Mycobacterium tuberculosis required Trp as a nitrogen source, especially in CD4+ T cells-generated stress, to survive in the phagosome of macrophage and to cause disease. Recently, IPA is identified as a new anti-mycobacterial compound, which is specific and has broad spectrum of anti-mycobacterial activity. The structural similarity of this gut microbiota-derived metabolite and Trp allows IPA to inhibit the TrpE anthranilate synthase in Trp biosynthesis pathway in Mtb. In this review, we summarize findings from recent work by focusing on the role of Trp metabolites in host cells in TB infection. A better understanding of this chemical signal could potentially serve as a novel strategy for managing this chronic inflammatory disease.","PeriodicalId":130318,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Tropical Veterinary and Biomedical Research","volume":"414 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132414847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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