IBRO Neuroscience Reports最新文献

{"title":"Auditory agnosia for environmental sounds in Alzheimer’s disease: Effects on daily life","authors":"J.A. Coebergh ,&nbsp;S. McDowell ,&nbsp;T.C.A.M. van Woerkom ,&nbsp;J.P. Koopman ,&nbsp;J.L. Mulder ,&nbsp;F.R.E. Smink ,&nbsp;J.D. Blom ,&nbsp;S.F.T.M. de Bruijn","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Auditory agnosia for environmental sounds is a type of agnosia attributed to central auditory dysfunction. It is common in Alzheimer’s disease, and is associated with peripheral hearing loss, although independent of it, and presumed independent of language deficits. The effects of this type of agnosia on daily life in Alzheimer’s disease are unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We aimed to assess the impact of auditory agnosia for environmental sounds in people with Alzheimer’s disease while also exploring the role of unrecognized hearing loss.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We tested 34 home-dwelling people with Alzheimer’s disease and a mean MMSE of 21.9 with the aid of a sound naming and recognition test, the tailor-made EESAA (<em>Experiencing Environmental Sounds in Auditory Agnosia</em>) questionnaire, the ADQRL (<em>Alzheimer’s Disease-Related Quality of Life</em>) scale, and speech and tone audiometry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Some 57 % of our 34 participants showed clinical signs of auditory agnosia for environmental sounds, and 47 % had undetected hearing loss to such an extent that it made them eligible for a hearing aid. Although the two factors appear to be independent, their joint effect can impact people’s daily functioning. Nonetheless, we found them to have only little impact on the participants’ quality of life as measured by the ADQRL, possibly because most of them lived in a sheltered environment, and some moreover showed anosognosia for their agnosia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Difficulties recognizing environmental sounds in daily life are very common in people with Alzheimer’s disease. Although we found no direct relation with quality of life as measured by a questionnaire, awareness of auditory agnosia for environmental sounds is still important since it may help explain why function declines. The additional finding that 47 % of people in this group had unrecognized hearing loss shows that self-assessment of hearing is often inaccurate in Alzheimer’s disease, with implications for daily practice where clinicians might only explore hearing loss when acknowledged by their patient. On the basis of our findings we advise further longitudinal, multi-year studies of hearing screening and rehabilitation in Alzheimer’s disease, if possible starting during its prodromal stage, something supported by findings in a large trials suggesting that hearing interventions might be slowing cognitive decline in an older population at risk of this.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 142-147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of obesity on aging brain and cognitive decline: A cohort study from the UK Biobank","authors":"Panlong Li ,&nbsp;Xirui Zhu ,&nbsp;Chun Huang ,&nbsp;Shan Tian ,&nbsp;Yuna Li ,&nbsp;Yuan Qiao ,&nbsp;Min Liu ,&nbsp;Jingjing Su ,&nbsp;Dandan Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the impact of obesity on brain structure and cognition using large neuroimaging and genetic data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Associations between body mass index (BMI), gray matter volume (GMV), whiter matter hyper-intensities (WMH), and fluid intelligence score (FIS) were estimated in 30283 participants from the UK Biobank. Longitudinal data analysis was conducted. Genome-wide association studies were applied to explore the genetic loci associations among BMI, GMV, WMH, and FIS. Mendelian Randomization analyses were applied to further estimate the effects of obesity on changes in the brain and cognition.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The observational analysis revealed that BMI was negatively associated with GMV (r = -0.15, p &lt; 1<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>10⁻²⁴) and positively associated with WMH (r = 0.08, p &lt; 1<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>10⁻¹⁶). The change in BMI was negatively associated with the change in GMV (r = -0.04, p &lt; 5<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>10⁻⁵). Genetic overlap was observed among BMI, GMV, and FIS at SBK1 (rs2726032), SGF29 (rs17707300), TUFM (rs3088215), AKAP6 (rs1051695), IL27 (rs4788084), and SPI1 (rs3740689 and rs935914). The MR analysis provided evidence that higher BMI was associated with lower GMV (β=-1119.12, p = 5.77 ×10⁻⁶), higher WMH (β=42.76, p = 6.37 ×10⁻⁴), and lower FIS (β=-0.081, p = 1.92 ×10⁻²³).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The phenotypic and genetic association between obesity and aging brain and cognitive decline suggested that weight control could be a promising strategy for slowing the aging brain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 148-157"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined therapy of human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells and scalp acupuncture alleviates brain damage in a rat model of cerebral palsy","authors":"Yu Zhou ,&nbsp;Xu-Huan Li ,&nbsp;Lu-Na He ,&nbsp;Li-Na Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Zang ,&nbsp;Dong-Ming Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Gao ,&nbsp;Xue-feng Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cerebral palsy (CP) is a prevalent cause of physical disability in children, often resulting from hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, with current therapies often failing to address the underlying pathophysiology. This study aimed to investigate the potential synergistic effects of human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) combined with scalp acupuncture in a rat model of CP.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham, CP, hAMSCs, and hAMSCs+scalp acupuncture (hAMSCs+AP). The CP model was induced via left common carotid artery ligation. hAMSCs were administered through tail vein injection, followed by scalp acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) and Qubin (GB7) points. Neurobehavioral function was assessed using the Bederson score, and brain tissues were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining, TUNEL staining, and RT-qPCR for apoptosis-related genes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The CP group exhibited significant neurobehavioral deficits and increased apoptosis. Both hAMSCs and hAMSCs+AP treatments improved neurobehavioral function and reduced apoptosis. The combination therapy further decreased apoptosis levels, normalized mRNA expression of Bax, Caspase 9, and Caspase 3, and alleviated histological damage.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The combination of hAMSCs and scalp acupuncture provides a promising treatment for CP, potentially alleviating brain damage through apoptosis regulation. Further studies are required to elucidate the detailed mechanisms and assess clinical feasibility and safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 263-269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recanalization of atherosclerotic stenosis and occlusion of intracranial vertebrobasilar artery","authors":"Zhi-Long Zhou,&nbsp;Liang-Fu Zhu,&nbsp;Tian-Xiao Li,&nbsp;Bu-Lang Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intracranial vertebrobasilar atherosclerosis is one of the major causes of posterior circulation ischemic strokes and may result in a high risk of recurrent stroke. Current treatment for vertebrobasilar stenosis comprises aggressive medication and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting (PTAS). Endarterectomy and intracranial-extracranial bypass surgery may be considered for large artery stenosis in the anterior circulation, but they may be deterred by some technical difficulties and great complication rates in the vertebrobasilar stenoses. PTAS may be good for eliminating the arterial stenosis and preventing recoil of arterial wall after balloon angioplasty alone, however, higher peri-procedural complications and poor follow-up outcomes prevent PTAS as a common treatment strategy. Nonetheless, for selected patients with severe (≥70 %) stenosis and non-acute occlusion of the intracranial vertebrobasilar artery refractory to the best medication, PTAS may be feasible, safe and effective if the treatment approaches and endovascular devices were tailored to the clinic-radiological features of each lesion and patient. Sub-satisfactory stenting recanalization of the stenosis using a balloon &lt; 80 % of the diameter of the nearby normal artery for dilatation of the stenosis and selection of softer and more flexible stents and delivery systems may be advantageous in decreasing the peri-procedural complications. This study reviewed the concept of intracranial vertebrobasilar atherosclerotic stenosis, available treatment modalities, peri-procedural complications, risk factors for endovascular treatment and prognosis, evidence for sub-satisfactory recanalization of the stenosis, and strategies to improve the peri-procedural complications and prognosis with the hope of improving the treatment outcome of endovascular recanalization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 88-95"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poor sleep quality remains a major challenge among tertiary education students in Ghana: A cross-sectional study in a Ghanaian University","authors":"David Larbi Simpong ,&nbsp;Ansumana Bockarie ,&nbsp;Akosua Bema Kumah ,&nbsp;Alex Bismark Atta-Owusu ,&nbsp;Mordecai Eshun ,&nbsp;Bernice Akua Frimpong ,&nbsp;Beatrice Bachella ,&nbsp;George Nkrumah Osei","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Sleep plays a crucial role in health, well-being, and academic performance. Despite the recognized importance of good sleep for students, there is a need for a deeper understanding of the sleep problems faced by university students to inform effective campus support services and interventions. This study aimed to evaluate sleep quality among university students by assessing differences in key sleep parameters between sex and age groups.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess sleep quality using the validated Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index among 295 undergraduate students at the University of Cape Coast, Ghana. Demographic characteristics of age and sex were also collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and cross-tabulations to compare sleep quality scores between sex and age groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 295 undergraduate students aged 20–29 years, of which 53.2 % were male. Overall, 48.5 % of participants exhibited poor sleep quality (PSQI &gt;5). The distribution of global PSQI scores varied by age group, with those aged 25, 27, 28, and 29 reporting higher rates of poor sleep quality. Mean scores on global PSQI scores and other components, including sleep duration and habitual sleep efficiency, were highest among those aged 25 years. Female students were more likely to experience poor sleep quality than male students (51.4 % vs. 45.2 %). Key sleep parameters such as sleep latency, disturbances, and daytime dysfunction showed significant associations with increasing age, although the correlations were weak. Global PSQI scores significantly correlated with both age (r = 0.378, p = 0.001) and sex (r = 0.212, p = 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study revealed a high prevalence of poor sleep quality among the respondent, with sleep disturbances and duration disproportionately affecting their sleep quality. These findings underscore the need for universities to prioritize promoting healthy sleep habits and addressing diverse sleep component issues within their student populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 130-134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying peripheral nerve injury-induced cellular ecological shifts: Implications for neuroregeneration","authors":"Limao Wu ,&nbsp;Jinglan He ,&nbsp;Na Shen ,&nbsp;Song Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The peripheral nervous system is a complex ecological network, and its injury triggers a series of fine-grained intercellular regulations that play a crucial role in the repair process. The peripheral nervous system is a sophisticated ecological network, and its injury initiates a cascade of intricate intercellular regulatory processes that are instrumental in the repair process. Despite the advent of sophisticated microsurgical techniques, the repair of peripheral nerve injuries frequently proves inadequate, resulting in adverse effects on patients' quality of life. Accordingly, the continued pursuit of more efficacious treatments is of paramount importance. In this paper, a review of the relevant literature from recent years was conducted to identify the key cell types involved after peripheral nerve injury. These included Schwann cells, macrophages, neutrophils, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts. The review was conducted in depth. This paper analyses the phenotypic changes of these cells after injury, the relevant factors affecting these changes, and how they coordinate with neurons and other cell types. In addition, it explores the potential mechanisms that mediate the behaviour of these cells. Understanding the interactions between these cells and their mutual regulation with neurons is of great significance for the discovery of new neuroregenerative treatments and the identification of potential therapeutic targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 120-129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review of the neurological effects of anethole","authors":"Ramina Khodadadian,&nbsp;Shima Balali- Dehkordi","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since ancient times many countries have employed medicinal plants as part of traditional medicine. Anethole is a substance found in various plants and has two isomers, cis-anethole (CA) and trans-anethole (TA). Currently, the food industry extensively use anethole as an aromatic and flavoring component. Extensive scientific research are warranted to provide scientific proof for the usage of anethole, given its widespread use and affordable price. Preclinical studies have suggested several pharmacological effects for anethole including neuroprotective properties. It has been determined that anethole through modulation of monoamines, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic and glutamatergic neurotransmissions as well as its possible anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress properties affected central nervous system (CNS). In this concept previous studies have demonstrated anxiolytic, antidepressant, antinociceptive, anticonvulsant, and memory improvement effects for anethole. To fully understand its therapeutic potentials, more research are required to elucidate the precise mechanisms by which TA and CA affected CNS. This review summarizes the current knowledge on pharmacological activities of the anethole concentrating its neurological properties, and the possible mechanisms underlying these effects. Various pharmacological effects which have been reported suggesting that anethole could be considered as a potential agent for management of neurological disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 50-56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the diversity of cannabis cannabinoid and non-cannabinoid compounds and their roles in Alzheimer's disease: A review","authors":"Hanane Doumar ,&nbsp;Hicham El Mostafi ,&nbsp;Aboubaker Elhessni ,&nbsp;Mohamed Ebn Touhami ,&nbsp;Abdelhalem Mesfioui","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cannabis sativa is recognized for its chemical diversity and therapeutic potential, particularly in addressing neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Given the complexity of AD, where single-target therapies often prove inadequate, a multi-target approach utilizing cannabis-derived compounds may offer promising alternatives. This review first highlights the chemical diversity of cannabis by categorizing its compounds into cannabinoids and non-cannabinoids. It then examines studies investigating the effects of these compounds on AD-related pathological features. By synthesizing existing knowledge, identifying research gaps, and facilitating comparative analysis, this review aims to advance future research and understanding. It underscores cannabis's potential as a multi-target therapeutic strategy for AD, contributing valuable insights to ongoing scientific discussions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 96-119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11763173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of Khaya senegalensis to mitigate epileptogenesis and cognitive dysfunction on kainate-induced post-status epilepticus model","authors":"Antoine Kavaye Kandeda ,&nbsp;Liliane Yimta Foutse ,&nbsp;Stéphanie Lewale ,&nbsp;Théophile Dimo","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>To date, there is no treatment to prevent the development of temporal lobe epilepsy, the most common form of drug-resistant epilepsy. A recent study revealed the antiepileptic-like effect of the aqueous extract of <em>Khaya senegalensis</em>. Given the potential of this extract, the antiepileptogenic- and learning and memory-facilitating-like effects of the aqueous extract of <em>Khaya senegalensis</em> were assessed using the kainate-induced post-<em>status epilepticus</em> model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Epilepsy was induced by injecting a single dose of kainate (12 mg/kg, i.p.) in rats. Animals that developed 2 hours of <em>status-epilepticus</em> were randomized and treated as follows: a negative control group received distilled water (10 ml/kg, <em>p.o.</em>); two positive control groups received sodium valproate (300 mg/kg, <em>p.o.</em>) or phenobarbital (20 mg/kg, <em>p.o.</em>); and three test groups received the extract (50, 100, 200 mg/kg, <em>p.o</em>.). A sham group was added and received distilled water (10 ml/kg, <em>p.o.</em>). All treatments were performed twice daily until the occurrence of the first spontaneous seizure (stage 4 or 5) in the negative control group, on day 14. After the completion of treatments, memory impairment was assessed using the T-maze. Two weeks following behavioral analysis, the rats that received the most effective dose of the extract on spontaneous recurrent were challenged with pentylenetetrazole (30 mg/kg, i.p.). This is to assess their susceptibility to generalized tonic-clonic seizures (stage 5). Rats were finally euthanized, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, or neurogenesis markers were quantified in the hippocampus.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The extract of <em>Khaya senegalensis</em> significantly prevented spontaneous recurrent seizures on day 14. It also reduced cognitive decline. Furthermore, it significantly decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines levels and increased those of neurotrophic factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings thus suggest that the extract is endowed with antiepileptogenic- and learning and memory-enhancing-like effects. These effects are likely mediated by anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic pathways. This justifies, therefore, its use to treat empirically epilepsy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 57-65"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal dietary folate imbalance alters cerebellar astrocyte morphology and density in offspring","authors":"Philip Maseghe Mwachaka,&nbsp;Peter Gichangi,&nbsp;Adel Abdelmalek,&nbsp;Paul Odula,&nbsp;Julius Ogeng’o","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Maternal folate usage is essential for neurodevelopment, but its effects on cerebellar structure are unclear. Cerebellum undergoes a protracted period of development, making it sensitive to maternal nutritional imbalances. Astrocytes are necessary for cerebellar cortex structure and function. This study examined the impact of varying maternal dietary folate levels on the morphology and density of cerebellar astrocytes in rat offspring.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Twelve adult female rats (<em>Rattus norvegicus</em>) were randomly allocated to one of four premixed food groups: standard (2 mg/kg), folate-deficient (0 mg/kg), folate-supplemented (8 mg/kg), or folate supra-supplemented (40 mg/kg). The rats began their diets 14 days before mating and continued throughout pregnancy and lactation. On postnatal day 35, five pups from each group were sacrificed and their cerebellums were processed for immunohistochemical examination. The cerebellar astrocytes were labelled with an antibody against Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein (GFAP).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The offspring of the folate-deficient diet group exhibited few Bergmann and granule layer astrocytes. The Bergmann radial glial processes in this group were thinner, discontinuous, poorly organised, and had unclear end feet compared to controls. Conversely, the folate-supplemented group showed a predominance of well-organized Bergmann glia astrocytes with distinct, thicker, and densely packed processes, ending in clear conical pial foot processes. In the supra-supplemented group, there was evidence of astrogliosis in the form of large granule layer astrocytes with extended cytoplasmic projections. The Bergmann glia in this group were fewer and more varied in distribution and morphology. Some locations had many astrocytic processes, whereas others had none. Some processes were discontinuous and tortuous. The proportion of cerebellar cortical GFAP immunoreactive cells in folate-deficient diet, controls, folate-supplemented, and folate supra-supplemented groups were 2.09 ± 0.06 %, 4.69 ± 0.12 %, 10.14 ± 0.67 %, and 23.12 ± 3.48 %, respectively (p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings imply that both folate deficiency and excess supplementation in pregnancy can impair normal cerebellar astrocyte development, highlighting the importance of balanced folate levels during pregnancy for optimal neurodevelopmental outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 78-87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}