Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753831
Conor Wallace, P. Benavidez, M. Jamshidi
The field of robotics research is continuously expanding at an ever-increasing rate. So much so, that as a systems' complexity grows, so too does the amount of possible points of failure. In recent years, these systems have been integrated together to create systems of systems, dramatically increasing the fragility of these networked systems, also known as a swarm. This paper presents a method for abstracting the fault of a networked control system, namely a system of mobile robots, into general feature sets and producing the capability of predicting the present fault as well as the compensation thereof.
{"title":"Predicting Fault Behaviors of Networked Control Systems Using Deep Learning for Mobile Robots","authors":"Conor Wallace, P. Benavidez, M. Jamshidi","doi":"10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753831","url":null,"abstract":"The field of robotics research is continuously expanding at an ever-increasing rate. So much so, that as a systems' complexity grows, so too does the amount of possible points of failure. In recent years, these systems have been integrated together to create systems of systems, dramatically increasing the fragility of these networked systems, also known as a swarm. This paper presents a method for abstracting the fault of a networked control system, namely a system of mobile robots, into general feature sets and producing the capability of predicting the present fault as well as the compensation thereof.","PeriodicalId":133413,"journal":{"name":"2019 14th Annual Conference System of Systems Engineering (SoSE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129683046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753844
G. Muller, Laura Elvebakk, J. V. D. Velde, Frans Mac Lean
The United Nations have defined 17 Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs). These goals cascade down to all governmental levels, such as EU, national, province, regional, and municipality. The realization of these goals requires developments in many systems, including non-technical systems (e.g. social, political, and ecological). One of the challenges is the complexity due to the large number of stakeholders (individuals, as well as many types of organizations) and the number of systems, all of them interacting and mutually dependent. A key function of SoS architecting is the creation and maintenance of the overview of the problem and solution space. SoS architects have many tools available to do this, such as conceptual modeling. In this paper, we will focus on Roadmapping as interaction tool between stakeholders. We are applying the tool at municipality level to study the tool's effectiveness.
{"title":"Roadmapping for Sustainability; How to Navigate a Social, Political, and Many Systems-of-Systems Playing Field? A Local Initiative","authors":"G. Muller, Laura Elvebakk, J. V. D. Velde, Frans Mac Lean","doi":"10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753844","url":null,"abstract":"The United Nations have defined 17 Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs). These goals cascade down to all governmental levels, such as EU, national, province, regional, and municipality. The realization of these goals requires developments in many systems, including non-technical systems (e.g. social, political, and ecological). One of the challenges is the complexity due to the large number of stakeholders (individuals, as well as many types of organizations) and the number of systems, all of them interacting and mutually dependent. A key function of SoS architecting is the creation and maintenance of the overview of the problem and solution space. SoS architects have many tools available to do this, such as conceptual modeling. In this paper, we will focus on Roadmapping as interaction tool between stakeholders. We are applying the tool at municipality level to study the tool's effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":133413,"journal":{"name":"2019 14th Annual Conference System of Systems Engineering (SoSE)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128530347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753869
Chengen Wang
Systematically managing product models and their derivative data becomes a rudimentary and essential requirement for manufacturing companies to cost-effectively develop and operate complex product systems. It is recognized that conventional product data management techniques are deficient in information integration across disciplinary boundaries and product lifecycle stages. Increasing complexity in product developments demands all related aspects be dealt in accordance with systems engineering methodologies. In compliance with the prevailing model-based systems engineering (MBSE) methodology, this paper proposes to extend conventional product data management to product lifecycle model management (PLMM), which shift emphasis from data managements to model managements throughout a whole product lifecycle. This paper first presents a MBSE-compliant PLMM architecture that outlines the related methodology, modeling techniques, processes, knowledge management, etc. Then, this paper describes basic compositions of a generic PLMM software platform that materializes the PLMM approaches. Subsequently, this paper reports a joint PLMM research initiative in China. It is anticipated that manufacturing companies will benefit much from implementations of PLMM techniques.
{"title":"MBSE-Compliant Product Lifecycle Model Management","authors":"Chengen Wang","doi":"10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753869","url":null,"abstract":"Systematically managing product models and their derivative data becomes a rudimentary and essential requirement for manufacturing companies to cost-effectively develop and operate complex product systems. It is recognized that conventional product data management techniques are deficient in information integration across disciplinary boundaries and product lifecycle stages. Increasing complexity in product developments demands all related aspects be dealt in accordance with systems engineering methodologies. In compliance with the prevailing model-based systems engineering (MBSE) methodology, this paper proposes to extend conventional product data management to product lifecycle model management (PLMM), which shift emphasis from data managements to model managements throughout a whole product lifecycle. This paper first presents a MBSE-compliant PLMM architecture that outlines the related methodology, modeling techniques, processes, knowledge management, etc. Then, this paper describes basic compositions of a generic PLMM software platform that materializes the PLMM approaches. Subsequently, this paper reports a joint PLMM research initiative in China. It is anticipated that manufacturing companies will benefit much from implementations of PLMM techniques.","PeriodicalId":133413,"journal":{"name":"2019 14th Annual Conference System of Systems Engineering (SoSE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128970326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753880
J. B. Gómez, A. Bechina
The last few years, the concept of Unmanned Traffic Management (UTM), adopted in Europe as U-Space by the Warsaw Declaration, has triggered numerous research and development projects on new technologies and procedures enabling Remote Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) flights at low altitudes while respecting other airspace users' safety. As a new field, this U-Space concept can defined as a set of innovative services based on latest technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, or Internet of Things and thus opening up a new range of domain of applications. This emerging field of research requires different approaches in order to design a safe and efficient U-Space. We believe that a Systems of Systems Engineering approach could be suitable to design a functional architecture of U-Space. This paper outlines how a framework of Systems Engineering could be suitable for designing a U-Space for Spain while considering requirements from SESAR Joint Undertaking projects for Single European Sky (SES).
{"title":"A systems engineering approach applied to U-Space drones: concepts and challenges","authors":"J. B. Gómez, A. Bechina","doi":"10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753880","url":null,"abstract":"The last few years, the concept of Unmanned Traffic Management (UTM), adopted in Europe as U-Space by the Warsaw Declaration, has triggered numerous research and development projects on new technologies and procedures enabling Remote Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) flights at low altitudes while respecting other airspace users' safety. As a new field, this U-Space concept can defined as a set of innovative services based on latest technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, or Internet of Things and thus opening up a new range of domain of applications. This emerging field of research requires different approaches in order to design a safe and efficient U-Space. We believe that a Systems of Systems Engineering approach could be suitable to design a functional architecture of U-Space. This paper outlines how a framework of Systems Engineering could be suitable for designing a U-Space for Spain while considering requirements from SESAR Joint Undertaking projects for Single European Sky (SES).","PeriodicalId":133413,"journal":{"name":"2019 14th Annual Conference System of Systems Engineering (SoSE)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116109817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753840
Benjamin E Lanier, Leonard Petnga
Our work is concerned with the modeling and analysis of safety-critical systems of systems (SoS). They emerge from the arrangement of independent and useful physical systems integrated into a larger system that delivers unique capabilities such as multi-Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) or robotic swarms. Successful collaboration and interaction between component systems in (increasingly) reduced spaces is contingent to precise and accurate perception, interpretation and management of various spatial representations of self and teaming systems. This is needed for effective decision making (the right action at the right time, and in the right place) for keeping safety-critical SoS safe. Thus, we develop and propose space-based interaction functions to model and evaluate the spatial properties and interactions of systems (as agents) within a safety-critical SoS. These mathematical spatial functions define, express and provide means to evaluate physical and communication interactions between pairs of agents and between an agent and all the other agents in the SoS. They are shown to be valuable mechanisms for rigorous, systematic, domain independent analysis of safety-critical SoS and can be implemented by systems of any size or shape. Architecture for the implementation of the functions is described for support of models and simulations of safety-critical SoS across a wide variety of applications including multi-UAS package delivery systems.
{"title":"Spatial Functions for Modeling and Analysis of Safety-Critical Systems of Systems","authors":"Benjamin E Lanier, Leonard Petnga","doi":"10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753840","url":null,"abstract":"Our work is concerned with the modeling and analysis of safety-critical systems of systems (SoS). They emerge from the arrangement of independent and useful physical systems integrated into a larger system that delivers unique capabilities such as multi-Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) or robotic swarms. Successful collaboration and interaction between component systems in (increasingly) reduced spaces is contingent to precise and accurate perception, interpretation and management of various spatial representations of self and teaming systems. This is needed for effective decision making (the right action at the right time, and in the right place) for keeping safety-critical SoS safe. Thus, we develop and propose space-based interaction functions to model and evaluate the spatial properties and interactions of systems (as agents) within a safety-critical SoS. These mathematical spatial functions define, express and provide means to evaluate physical and communication interactions between pairs of agents and between an agent and all the other agents in the SoS. They are shown to be valuable mechanisms for rigorous, systematic, domain independent analysis of safety-critical SoS and can be implemented by systems of any size or shape. Architecture for the implementation of the functions is described for support of models and simulations of safety-critical SoS across a wide variety of applications including multi-UAS package delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":133413,"journal":{"name":"2019 14th Annual Conference System of Systems Engineering (SoSE)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115122264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753851
A. Gorod, Leonie Hallo
This paper discusses the need for an Evolving Toolbox in the field of SoSE management. A new paradigm is needed now to cope with ever-increasing levels of complexity that occur within engineered SoS. This paper proposes an Evolving Toolbox which will allow SoSE management to become “smart.” The Evolving Toolbox will have several features necessary in successfully managing SoS. An initial range of toolsets is suggested. These toolsets interact inside the toolbox allowing emergence to occur. The toolbox is open to the external environment and so the tools can adapt. There is also the capacity for newly emerging tools to be integrated into the toolbox. This proposal will lead to more efficient and effective management and could have implications for standardization and certification in SoSE. New tools can emerge within the cloud including tools which are proprietary to SoS.
{"title":"Toward “Smart” System of Systems Engineering (SoSE) Management: An Evolving Toolbox Approach","authors":"A. Gorod, Leonie Hallo","doi":"10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753851","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the need for an Evolving Toolbox in the field of SoSE management. A new paradigm is needed now to cope with ever-increasing levels of complexity that occur within engineered SoS. This paper proposes an Evolving Toolbox which will allow SoSE management to become “smart.” The Evolving Toolbox will have several features necessary in successfully managing SoS. An initial range of toolsets is suggested. These toolsets interact inside the toolbox allowing emergence to occur. The toolbox is open to the external environment and so the tools can adapt. There is also the capacity for newly emerging tools to be integrated into the toolbox. This proposal will lead to more efficient and effective management and could have implications for standardization and certification in SoSE. New tools can emerge within the cloud including tools which are proprietary to SoS.","PeriodicalId":133413,"journal":{"name":"2019 14th Annual Conference System of Systems Engineering (SoSE)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129990908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753874
Erol Ozan
The road work zone crash statistical data indicate that there is a clear need for more efficient and effective safety devices and methods in work zones. This paper focuses on developing an initial requirements analysis for smart work zone safety systems. It is anticipated that work zones can benefit from systems that integrate reliable and effective detectors with fast and efficient data dissemination technologies. Such systems can be employed in work zones and generate timely and customized alerts within the vicinity of the area to prevent accidents. The advances in the areas of sensor design, artificial intelligent systems, image analysis tools, low cost mobile computing devices, advanced wireless networks, and web applications can be translated and fused into integrative systems and reliable methods that enable the implementation and operation of safer work zones. A successful requirements analysis constitutes the first step towards building systems that meet the needs of various stakeholders. This paper gives an account of the major requirements that need to be met by effective smart work zones to address the problem of work zone accidents.
{"title":"Requirements Analysis for the System Level Design of Smart Work Zones","authors":"Erol Ozan","doi":"10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753874","url":null,"abstract":"The road work zone crash statistical data indicate that there is a clear need for more efficient and effective safety devices and methods in work zones. This paper focuses on developing an initial requirements analysis for smart work zone safety systems. It is anticipated that work zones can benefit from systems that integrate reliable and effective detectors with fast and efficient data dissemination technologies. Such systems can be employed in work zones and generate timely and customized alerts within the vicinity of the area to prevent accidents. The advances in the areas of sensor design, artificial intelligent systems, image analysis tools, low cost mobile computing devices, advanced wireless networks, and web applications can be translated and fused into integrative systems and reliable methods that enable the implementation and operation of safer work zones. A successful requirements analysis constitutes the first step towards building systems that meet the needs of various stakeholders. This paper gives an account of the major requirements that need to be met by effective smart work zones to address the problem of work zone accidents.","PeriodicalId":133413,"journal":{"name":"2019 14th Annual Conference System of Systems Engineering (SoSE)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128897343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753866
C. Adams, R. Giachetti
This paper addresses the conceptual design of Mobile Cyber-Physical Systems (MCPS) forming a part of a convoy of similar vehicles operating as a system of systems. MCPS are a type of cyber-physical system with intelligent control that may be realized by cyber components, human operators or a combination of the two. Traditional systems engineering modeling and design methodologies are not adequate for representing the intelligent behaviors exhibited by MCPS without early commitment to design solutions. As a result, many of the important design decisions made during conceptual design have inadequate model support. This paper presents an agent-based model framework specifically for MCPS during conceptual design. The agents are abstract logical components corresponding to elements of the MCPS vehicle. An important part of the model is representation of goals as a driver of intelligent behaviors. We describe the model using a current Army system, the Palletized Loading System (PLS).
{"title":"Agent Modeling to Support Allocation Decisions in Mobile Cyber-Physical Systems","authors":"C. Adams, R. Giachetti","doi":"10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753866","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the conceptual design of Mobile Cyber-Physical Systems (MCPS) forming a part of a convoy of similar vehicles operating as a system of systems. MCPS are a type of cyber-physical system with intelligent control that may be realized by cyber components, human operators or a combination of the two. Traditional systems engineering modeling and design methodologies are not adequate for representing the intelligent behaviors exhibited by MCPS without early commitment to design solutions. As a result, many of the important design decisions made during conceptual design have inadequate model support. This paper presents an agent-based model framework specifically for MCPS during conceptual design. The agents are abstract logical components corresponding to elements of the MCPS vehicle. An important part of the model is representation of goals as a driver of intelligent behaviors. We describe the model using a current Army system, the Palletized Loading System (PLS).","PeriodicalId":133413,"journal":{"name":"2019 14th Annual Conference System of Systems Engineering (SoSE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130917811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753878
R. G. Randall, Michael Heffner
This paper illustrates how information technology (IT) systems of systems (SoS) exist at three hierarchical levels, a micro, a meso, and a macro level, in the environment of the U.S. Medicaid program. An example at the micro level is used to illustrate the opportunity inherent in the Medicaid SoS to integrate Internet-of-Things technologies to advance specific outcomes in managing the delivery of Medicaid services.
{"title":"Medicaid IT as a System of Systems","authors":"R. G. Randall, Michael Heffner","doi":"10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753878","url":null,"abstract":"This paper illustrates how information technology (IT) systems of systems (SoS) exist at three hierarchical levels, a micro, a meso, and a macro level, in the environment of the U.S. Medicaid program. An example at the micro level is used to illustrate the opportunity inherent in the Medicaid SoS to integrate Internet-of-Things technologies to advance specific outcomes in managing the delivery of Medicaid services.","PeriodicalId":133413,"journal":{"name":"2019 14th Annual Conference System of Systems Engineering (SoSE)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114428425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753887
J. Axelsson
Platooning of trucks on motorways has been proposed as a method of reducing fuel consumption. It requires communication between the trucks to control the distance between them. However, this system-of-systems (SoS) cannot only contain the trucks, but also needs to include mediating off-board services for match-making to find suitable constellations of trucks, and for creating platooning incentives by distributing the profit made equally among the constituent systems. This paper analyzes what actors in the SoS would be suitable to operate these services, and also business models that cover the cost for their implementation and operation. It concludes that the truck OEMs have a vital role in creating the mediating services, and that a suitable business model would be based on usage fees for the services rather than upfront payment for platooning equipment.
{"title":"Business Models and Roles for Mediating Services in a Truck Platooning System-of-Systems","authors":"J. Axelsson","doi":"10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SYSOSE.2019.8753887","url":null,"abstract":"Platooning of trucks on motorways has been proposed as a method of reducing fuel consumption. It requires communication between the trucks to control the distance between them. However, this system-of-systems (SoS) cannot only contain the trucks, but also needs to include mediating off-board services for match-making to find suitable constellations of trucks, and for creating platooning incentives by distributing the profit made equally among the constituent systems. This paper analyzes what actors in the SoS would be suitable to operate these services, and also business models that cover the cost for their implementation and operation. It concludes that the truck OEMs have a vital role in creating the mediating services, and that a suitable business model would be based on usage fees for the services rather than upfront payment for platooning equipment.","PeriodicalId":133413,"journal":{"name":"2019 14th Annual Conference System of Systems Engineering (SoSE)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115818087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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