Indian Journal of Nephrology最新文献

Parvovirus B19 is a common human infection worldwide and is typically self-limiting in healthy persons but immunocompromised patients require specific treatments. Pretransplant B19 screening doesn't seem to be important or have any impact on the transplantation process but cytomegalovirus (CMV) study is crucial. We present a kidney-transplanted child infected by parvovirus B19 and cytomegalovirus presented with intractable anemia and raised creatinine.

Background: Nephrotic syndrome is a common cause of kidney diseases in children. Many studies have examined the association of microRNAs playing potential roles in many pathophysiological functions. We investigated the expression pattern of the microRNAs miR-17-5P, miR-155p, miR-424-5p in children with steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) and steroid resistance nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), along with the healthy subjects.

Materials and methods: Total RNA was isolated from the urine samples from the three groups (SSNS n = 100, SRNS n = 100, and healthy control group n = 100). Bioinformatics tools such as miRWalk and miR-Tar link were used in predicting targets for the microRNAs. Online database and g profiler software are used to evaluate the targets based on the biological functions. The expression pattern for the candidate microRNAs was carried out using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) equipment.

Results: miR-424 and miR-155 were upregulated in SRNS group while miR-17 was downregulated in SRNS group. miR-424-5p and miR-155p was up regulated in SRNS group while miR-17-5p was downregulated.

Conclusion: Combined analysis of gene expression along with studied candidate microRNAs can give better understanding of the pathogenesis of childhood nephrotic syndrome.

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a rare autoimmune disease, in which the circulating autoantibodies against antigens attack podocytes. Neural Epidermal Growth Factor like 1 (NELL1) 1-associated MN is the second most common antigen, following phospholipase A2 receptor. Complementary and alternative medicine and malignancies play a pivotal role in the development of NELL1-MN. This retrospective study describes the clinical characteristics, therapeutic strategies, and longitudinal outcomes in patients with NELL1-MN at our center.

Background: Viral infections can increase the likelihood of an individual developing membranous nephropathy (MN). Limited information is available regarding the treatment approaches for such cases. We conducted a review focusing on hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated MN.

Materials and methods: Our investigation encompassed patient records and cases documented in the literature, utilizing various search engines (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science). We aimed to identify all reported instances of MN associated with HBV, HCV, or HIV infections between 2010 and February 2023 in individuals aged 18 years and above, who underwent PLA2R testing in their serum or kidney biopsy.

Results: We analyzed 63 patients with MN associated with viral infections, comprising 7 patients from our center and 57 from the review, consisting of 43% with HIV, 28.5% with HBV, 17.5% with HCV, and 11% with mixed infections. The average age of these patients was 47 years. Their mean proteinuria, serum albumin, and creatinine levels were 7.5 g/day, 2.3 g/dl, and 1.4 mg/dl, respectively. Two-thirds of these cases were PLA2R-related. Notably, 24% of patients achieved remission solely through antiviral treatment, while nearly 40% attained remission with a combination of antiviral and immunosuppression therapies. Eight patients did not achieve remission despite receiving immunosuppressive therapy and antiviral agents.

Conclusion: The review suggests that using antiviral medications alone or combined with immunosuppressive therapy can lead to substantial remission in patients with viral-associated MN.