Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4420
V. Bhanvadia, Ravija Kathiara
Natural killer T-cell lymphoma (NKTL) is associated with Epstein-Barr virus, a highly malignant tumor that typically arises in the nose and/or paranasal sinuses isolated orbital involvement by NKTL is extremely rare. Herein, we report a case of primary orbital NKTL in a young female patient. A 32-year-old female presented with gradually increasing painful swelling of the right eye. On examination, abaxial proptosis, inferolateral displacement of the eyeball, restricted extraocular muscle movement, and solid mass in the subconjunctival fornix and superior quadrant. The rest of the ocular and systemic examination was unremarkable. Magnetic resonance imaging with contrast of the orbit shows a lobulated mass lesion 35×30×18 mm involving the medial aspect of the right orbit extraconal and superior intraconal space extending up to the preseptal region. Informed consent and biopsy were done and sent for histopathology examination. Histopathological examination shows the spectrum of atypical lymphoid cells, indented or cleaved nuclei and pale to clear cytoplasm, few histiocytes, giant cells, and apoptotic body. To rule out lymphoma, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was advised. On IHC, tumor cells were positive for CD3, D56, CD4 focally, CD7, Ki-67–90% and negative for CD20, CD2, Tdt, PAX5, CD34, CD5, Cd8 leading to a diagnosis of extranodal NKTL of the orbit. To the best of our knowledge, around 20 cases of isolated orbital extranodal NKTL were reported in the literature review. Polymorphic lymphoid cell in a young patient often mimics the inflammatory conditions of orbit. The rarity of this tumor and inflammatory signs make it challenging to identify these tumors early.
{"title":"Primary isolated extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma of the orbit: A case report and diagnostic dilemma","authors":"V. Bhanvadia, Ravija Kathiara","doi":"10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4420","url":null,"abstract":"Natural killer T-cell lymphoma (NKTL) is associated with Epstein-Barr virus, a highly malignant tumor that typically arises in the nose and/or paranasal sinuses isolated orbital involvement by NKTL is extremely rare. Herein, we report a case of primary orbital NKTL in a young female patient. A 32-year-old female presented with gradually increasing painful swelling of the right eye. On examination, abaxial proptosis, inferolateral displacement of the eyeball, restricted extraocular muscle movement, and solid mass in the subconjunctival fornix and superior quadrant. The rest of the ocular and systemic examination was unremarkable. Magnetic resonance imaging with contrast of the orbit shows a lobulated mass lesion 35×30×18 mm involving the medial aspect of the right orbit extraconal and superior intraconal space extending up to the preseptal region. Informed consent and biopsy were done and sent for histopathology examination. Histopathological examination shows the spectrum of atypical lymphoid cells, indented or cleaved nuclei and pale to clear cytoplasm, few histiocytes, giant cells, and apoptotic body. To rule out lymphoma, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was advised. On IHC, tumor cells were positive for CD3, D56, CD4 focally, CD7, Ki-67–90% and negative for CD20, CD2, Tdt, PAX5, CD34, CD5, Cd8 leading to a diagnosis of extranodal NKTL of the orbit. To the best of our knowledge, around 20 cases of isolated orbital extranodal NKTL were reported in the literature review. Polymorphic lymphoid cell in a young patient often mimics the inflammatory conditions of orbit. The rarity of this tumor and inflammatory signs make it challenging to identify these tumors early.","PeriodicalId":13365,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Case Reports","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140744838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4467
Yogita Devi, Meena Pangarkar, Radhika Pagey
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a common soft-tissue malignancy of childhood, accounting for approximately 7% of cancers in children. They arise from primitive mesenchymal cells of skeletal muscle differentiation and occur most commonly in the head-and-neck region. Despite aggressive approaches, the overall outcome remains poor. Here, we present the case of a 9-year-old girl who presented with complaints of swelling over the left forearm for 2 months. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well-defined lobulated mass in the flexor compartment of the left forearm, suggestive of soft-tissue neoplasm. A biopsy done of the mass showed a malignant round blue cell tumor. Immunohistochemistry led to the diagnosis of RMS. The patient was started on multimodal therapy and is doing well on follow-up. Extremity swelling in the pediatric age group with malignant round cell morphology can pose diagnostic difficulty. A detailed work-up is essential for an accurate diagnosis. This case report emphasizes the role of a multimodality approach to the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric RMS.
{"title":"Pediatric extremity rhabdomyosarcoma–A diagnostic dilemma","authors":"Yogita Devi, Meena Pangarkar, Radhika Pagey","doi":"10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4467","url":null,"abstract":"Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a common soft-tissue malignancy of childhood, accounting for approximately 7% of cancers in children. They arise from primitive mesenchymal cells of skeletal muscle differentiation and occur most commonly in the head-and-neck region. Despite aggressive approaches, the overall outcome remains poor. Here, we present the case of a 9-year-old girl who presented with complaints of swelling over the left forearm for 2 months. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well-defined lobulated mass in the flexor compartment of the left forearm, suggestive of soft-tissue neoplasm. A biopsy done of the mass showed a malignant round blue cell tumor. Immunohistochemistry led to the diagnosis of RMS. The patient was started on multimodal therapy and is doing well on follow-up. Extremity swelling in the pediatric age group with malignant round cell morphology can pose diagnostic difficulty. A detailed work-up is essential for an accurate diagnosis. This case report emphasizes the role of a multimodality approach to the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric RMS.","PeriodicalId":13365,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Case Reports","volume":"36 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4304
Shrikant Srivastava, A. Sonal, Prerak Kumar
The occurrence of late-onset mania after 50 years of age for the 1st time is generally rare and is generally, but not necessarily, secondary to an organic lesion. Various underlying causes include neurological lesions, tumors, thyroid-related disorders, parathyroid abnormalities, electrolyte imbalances, and vascular lesions. After 75 years of age, the incidence of reported mania was 2/100,000, which is very rare. The main concern for such cases is to rule out secondary causes in assessment, diagnosis, and perspectives related to clinical management. We present a case where the first manic episode occurred at the age of 77 years with underlying infarcts in the temporal and parietal regions as seen in MRI brain contrast images.
{"title":"A temporoparietal infarct lesion presented as the first-episode mania in an elderly male","authors":"Shrikant Srivastava, A. Sonal, Prerak Kumar","doi":"10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4304","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of late-onset mania after 50 years of age for the 1st time is generally rare and is generally, but not necessarily, secondary to an organic lesion. Various underlying causes include neurological lesions, tumors, thyroid-related disorders, parathyroid abnormalities, electrolyte imbalances, and vascular lesions. After 75 years of age, the incidence of reported mania was 2/100,000, which is very rare. The main concern for such cases is to rule out secondary causes in assessment, diagnosis, and perspectives related to clinical management. We present a case where the first manic episode occurred at the age of 77 years with underlying infarcts in the temporal and parietal regions as seen in MRI brain contrast images.","PeriodicalId":13365,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Case Reports","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4446
Shujaat Khan, Nazir Ahmad Var, Sayadat Khan, M. Rashikh
Salivary gland tumors represent only 1–4% of head-and-neck tumors, with submandibular gland tumors representing around 10% of salivary gland tumors. Although rarely seen, submandibular pleomorphic adenoma is the most common of the submandibular gland neoplasms (36%). These tumors have a female predominance and present as a painless mass. We report a 42-year-old male patient with a 6-month history of swelling in his left submandibular region due to submandibular pleomorphic adenoma in a hospital in North India. Many diseases in the submandibular region with overlapping clinical pictures make diagnosing difficult. Integrated clinical, radiological, and cytological approaches help in differential diagnosis and making a provisional diagnosis. However, the final diagnosis can be established only by histopathology.
{"title":"Symptomatic pleomorphic adenoma of the submandibular gland in a malepatient: A case report and review of the literature","authors":"Shujaat Khan, Nazir Ahmad Var, Sayadat Khan, M. Rashikh","doi":"10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4446","url":null,"abstract":"Salivary gland tumors represent only 1–4% of head-and-neck tumors, with submandibular gland tumors representing around 10% of salivary gland tumors. Although rarely seen, submandibular pleomorphic adenoma is the most common of the submandibular gland neoplasms (36%). These tumors have a female predominance and present as a painless mass. We report a 42-year-old male patient with a 6-month history of swelling in his left submandibular region due to submandibular pleomorphic adenoma in a hospital in North India. Many diseases in the submandibular region with overlapping clinical pictures make diagnosing difficult. Integrated clinical, radiological, and cytological approaches help in differential diagnosis and making a provisional diagnosis. However, the final diagnosis can be established only by histopathology.","PeriodicalId":13365,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Case Reports","volume":"10 s1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4438
B. Mehta, Sonal Sanjiv Dalal, Udya Kotecha, Sandip Chandrakant Shah, A. Murnal
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare form of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) affecting multiple organs and can be sporadic or familial. It is most commonly caused by dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway. aHUS can occur at any age with a high rate of progression to end-stage kidney disease. We describe the case of a 24-year-old man with chronic kidney disease, severe hypertension, and antineutrophilic antibody by IF positive. On biopsy, diffuse global glomerulosclerosis with TMA and IF findings of full house pattern suggestive of lupus nephritis were present. Considering a lupus nephritis case, after 2 years of hemodialysis underwent live-related renal transplant (Father Donor). Immediate post-transplant period developed severe cortical necrosis and TMA. An etiological workup was done to ascertain the cause of post-transplant TMA. After excluding common causes of antibody-mediated rejection (C4d and donor-specific alloantibody neg), calcineurin inhibitor toxicity, and infection, we detected an abnormal complement CFHR5 mutation with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Pre-transplant diagnosis could have prevented taking the kidney from the father for transplant and further prevented recurrence. Systemic lupus erythematosus and TMA both can have alternate complement pathway dysregulation leading to full house IF pattern and misdiagnosis.
非典型溶血性尿毒症综合征（aHUS）是一种影响多个器官的罕见血栓性微血管病（TMA），可为散发性或家族性。它最常见的病因是替代补体途径失调。溶血性尿毒症可发生于任何年龄，进展为终末期肾病的几率很高。我们描述了一例 24 岁男子的病例，他患有慢性肾病、严重高血压和 IF 抗中性粒细胞抗体阳性。活组织检查发现，弥漫性全局性肾小球硬化，TMA 和 IF 检查结果显示为满屋子模式，提示狼疮肾炎。考虑到这是一个狼疮肾炎病例，患者在接受了两年的血液透析后，接受了活体肾移植（父亲捐献）。移植后不久出现了严重的皮质坏死和 TMA。为确定移植后 TMA 的病因，进行了病因学检查。在排除了抗体介导的排斥反应（C4d和供体特异性同种抗体阴性）、降钙素抑制剂毒性和感染等常见原因后，我们检测到了异常补体CFHR5突变，且为常染色体显性遗传。移植前的诊断可以避免从父亲那里取肾进行移植，并进一步防止复发。系统性红斑狼疮和TMA都可能出现互补通路失调，导致满屋子IF模式和误诊。
{"title":"Post-transplant CFHR5 mutation-related atypical HUS: The need for pre-transplant diagnosis","authors":"B. Mehta, Sonal Sanjiv Dalal, Udya Kotecha, Sandip Chandrakant Shah, A. Murnal","doi":"10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4438","url":null,"abstract":"Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare form of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) affecting multiple organs and can be sporadic or familial. It is most commonly caused by dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway. aHUS can occur at any age with a high rate of progression to end-stage kidney disease. We describe the case of a 24-year-old man with chronic kidney disease, severe hypertension, and antineutrophilic antibody by IF positive. On biopsy, diffuse global glomerulosclerosis with TMA and IF findings of full house pattern suggestive of lupus nephritis were present. Considering a lupus nephritis case, after 2 years of hemodialysis underwent live-related renal transplant (Father Donor). Immediate post-transplant period developed severe cortical necrosis and TMA. An etiological workup was done to ascertain the cause of post-transplant TMA. After excluding common causes of antibody-mediated rejection (C4d and donor-specific alloantibody neg), calcineurin inhibitor toxicity, and infection, we detected an abnormal complement CFHR5 mutation with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Pre-transplant diagnosis could have prevented taking the kidney from the father for transplant and further prevented recurrence. Systemic lupus erythematosus and TMA both can have alternate complement pathway dysregulation leading to full house IF pattern and misdiagnosis.","PeriodicalId":13365,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Case Reports","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140741225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4445
M. Jagadheeshwari, S. Keshavini, K. Dhivya
Psychogenic non-epileptic seizure (PNES) involves attacks that act as epilepsy-related seizures. PNES is more likely to affect women than men and utmost generally begins in the youth. Epileptic seizures generally last between 30 and 120 s depending on the type, while PNES occurrences generally last for two to five twinkles. Features that are common in PNES but rarer in epilepsy include smelling the tip of the lingo, seizures lasting further than two twinkles (easiest factor to distinguish), seizures having a gradational onset, a shifting course of complaint inflexibility, the eyes being closed during a seizure, and side to side head movements. Psychotherapy is the most constantly used treatment, which might include cognitive behavioral remedy or remedy to retrain the physical symptoms and allow the existent to recapture control of the attacks. There is also some substantiation supporting picky serotonin reuptake asset antidepressants. Here, we present the case of a 45-year-old female presented with the chief complaints of giddiness in the right ear for 1 week, vomiting for 2 days, and two episodes of bilateral upper and lower body jerks. Later on, she was diagnosed with PNES.
{"title":"A case report on psychogenic non-epileptic disorder","authors":"M. Jagadheeshwari, S. Keshavini, K. Dhivya","doi":"10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4445","url":null,"abstract":"Psychogenic non-epileptic seizure (PNES) involves attacks that act as epilepsy-related seizures. PNES is more likely to affect women than men and utmost generally begins in the youth. Epileptic seizures generally last between 30 and 120 s depending on the type, while PNES occurrences generally last for two to five twinkles. Features that are common in PNES but rarer in epilepsy include smelling the tip of the lingo, seizures lasting further than two twinkles (easiest factor to distinguish), seizures having a gradational onset, a shifting course of complaint inflexibility, the eyes being closed during a seizure, and side to side head movements. Psychotherapy is the most constantly used treatment, which might include cognitive behavioral remedy or remedy to retrain the physical symptoms and allow the existent to recapture control of the attacks. There is also some substantiation supporting picky serotonin reuptake asset antidepressants. Here, we present the case of a 45-year-old female presented with the chief complaints of giddiness in the right ear for 1 week, vomiting for 2 days, and two episodes of bilateral upper and lower body jerks. Later on, she was diagnosed with PNES.","PeriodicalId":13365,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Case Reports","volume":"43 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140741924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4465
Somarajan Anandan, Sajeesh S Rajendran, Jyothish P Kumar, Divine S Shajee
57-year-old
57 岁
{"title":"Bilateral dentate nuclei hyperintensity due to isoniazid toxicity","authors":"Somarajan Anandan, Sajeesh S Rajendran, Jyothish P Kumar, Divine S Shajee","doi":"10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4465","url":null,"abstract":"57-year-old","PeriodicalId":13365,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Case Reports","volume":"16 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4409
Keerthana Gopidalai, K. L. N. S. Srisurya, Jessica Akumarthi, Arijit Goswami, Sree Jyothsna Midathada, Chetan Priyanka Angati, Pavan Kumar Yanamadala
The thyroid gland’s robust defenses, including a rich blood supply, lymphatic drainage, high iodine content, and physical isolation, typically render it resistant to infections. However, acute suppurative thyroiditis (AST) leading to a primary thyroid abscess is an uncommon occurrence, especially among children, accounting for only 0.1–0.7% of thyroid disorders. This case report outlines the clinical presentation of a 12-year-old male with prolonged fever, neck pain, sore throat, and swallowing difficulties. Staphylococcus aureus was identified as the causative agent. Treatment involved a combination of intravenous antibiotics and incision and drainage, resulting in a successful recovery. Despite its rarity, AST requires prompt recognition and intervention to prevent complications. This case emphasizes the significance of including AST in the differential diagnosis of neck swelling and underscores the necessity for early identification and appropriate management to ensure optimal patient outcomes.
{"title":"Beyond the norm: A case report on the unfolding spectrum of acute suppurative thyroiditis leading to abscess formation","authors":"Keerthana Gopidalai, K. L. N. S. Srisurya, Jessica Akumarthi, Arijit Goswami, Sree Jyothsna Midathada, Chetan Priyanka Angati, Pavan Kumar Yanamadala","doi":"10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4409","url":null,"abstract":"The thyroid gland’s robust defenses, including a rich blood supply, lymphatic drainage, high iodine content, and physical isolation, typically render it resistant to infections. However, acute suppurative thyroiditis (AST) leading to a primary thyroid abscess is an uncommon occurrence, especially among children, accounting for only 0.1–0.7% of thyroid disorders. This case report outlines the clinical presentation of a 12-year-old male with prolonged fever, neck pain, sore throat, and swallowing difficulties. Staphylococcus aureus was identified as the causative agent. Treatment involved a combination of intravenous antibiotics and incision and drainage, resulting in a successful recovery. Despite its rarity, AST requires prompt recognition and intervention to prevent complications. This case emphasizes the significance of including AST in the differential diagnosis of neck swelling and underscores the necessity for early identification and appropriate management to ensure optimal patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":13365,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Case Reports","volume":"36 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4455
Mahesh Bharatrao Shinde, Mihir Ramesh Patel, HK Karthik Gowda, Vijay D Turukmane, Atharva R Sharma
Osteochondroma of the medial condyle of the humerus is rare; hence, diagnosis can be challenging as it may be confused with other causes of swelling around the elbow joint. This can lead to compression of neurovascular structure. We present a case of left medial condyle humerus osteochondroma with ulnar nerve involvement and conduct a literature review of this rare condition. A 25-year-old male patient presented with swelling around the left elbow joint for 1 year and tingling and numbness along ulnar nerve distribution for the last 3 months. He underwent an X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, electromyography, and nerve conduction velocity that confirmed the diagnosis of an osteochondroma with ulnar nerve involvement. An excisional biopsy was subsequently done. In conclusion, the case is an atypical location of osteochondroma. The history, clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging, and management outlined may help in the early identification and management of this rare but complicated condition.
肱骨内侧髁骨软骨瘤非常罕见，因此，诊断可能具有挑战性，因为它可能与肘关节周围肿胀的其他原因相混淆。这可能会导致神经血管结构受到压迫。我们介绍了一例左侧肱骨内侧髁骨软骨瘤伴尺神经受累的病例，并对这一罕见病症进行了文献综述。一名 25 岁的男性患者因左肘关节周围肿胀 1 年，最近 3 个月沿尺神经分布出现刺痛和麻木而就诊。他接受了 X 光检查、磁共振成像、肌电图和神经传导速度检查，确诊为尺神经受累的骨软骨瘤。随后进行了切除活检。总之，该病例是一个位置不典型的骨软骨瘤。概述的病史、临床表现、影像诊断和处理方法可能有助于早期识别和处理这种罕见但复杂的疾病。
{"title":"Osteochondroma of the distal humerus: A rare location","authors":"Mahesh Bharatrao Shinde, Mihir Ramesh Patel, HK Karthik Gowda, Vijay D Turukmane, Atharva R Sharma","doi":"10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijcr.v10i4.4455","url":null,"abstract":"Osteochondroma of the medial condyle of the humerus is rare; hence, diagnosis can be challenging as it may be confused with other causes of swelling around the elbow joint. This can lead to compression of neurovascular structure. We present a case of left medial condyle humerus osteochondroma with ulnar nerve involvement and conduct a literature review of this rare condition. A 25-year-old male patient presented with swelling around the left elbow joint for 1 year and tingling and numbness along ulnar nerve distribution for the last 3 months. He underwent an X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, electromyography, and nerve conduction velocity that confirmed the diagnosis of an osteochondroma with ulnar nerve involvement. An excisional biopsy was subsequently done. In conclusion, the case is an atypical location of osteochondroma. The history, clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging, and management outlined may help in the early identification and management of this rare but complicated condition.","PeriodicalId":13365,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Case Reports","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Here, we report the case of an elderly African male with multifocal neuraxial involvement in the form of progressive parkinsonism and ataxia over a year. On evaluation, dual neuronal antibody positivity was detected. A diagnosis of paraneoplastic encephalitis was made without any detection of primary neoplasm. He was successfully managed with pulse steroid therapy followed by oral steroid and steroid-sparing oral immunosuppressive drug without any need for intravenous immunoglobulin or plasma exchange.
{"title":"Steroid-responsive dual neuronal antibody-positive paraneoplastic encephalitis","authors":"Nemalidinne Krishna Vani, Rajiv Anand, Varun Rehani","doi":"10.32677/ijcr.v10i3.4175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ijcr.v10i3.4175","url":null,"abstract":"Here, we report the case of an elderly African male with multifocal neuraxial involvement in the form of progressive parkinsonism and ataxia over a year. On evaluation, dual neuronal antibody positivity was detected. A diagnosis of paraneoplastic encephalitis was made without any detection of primary neoplasm. He was successfully managed with pulse steroid therapy followed by oral steroid and steroid-sparing oral immunosuppressive drug without any need for intravenous immunoglobulin or plasma exchange.","PeriodicalId":13365,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Case Reports","volume":"25 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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