Pub Date : 2021-07-21DOI: 10.26480/trab.02.2021.59.66
A. Hossaina, Md. Tareq, M. Islam, Md. Bahadur Meah, Md Abu Sadat, Md. Shahidul Haque
Germplasm plays an important role for developing new varieties of crops to the plant bredders. In Bangladesh, kenaf is geeting more attention as the substitute of jute and breeding new varieties of kenaf is time demanding. In the present research, morphological and genetic variation of 51 kenaf germplasms were analysed. Analysis revealed that genotype HC-92 had the higer plant height (3.4 m) with base diameter (27.3 mm), higher number of node in each plant, plant weight with or without leaves and fiber yield (37.9 g) compare to the other kenaf accessions. However, internode length, number of fruit and seeds and dry stick weight was higher in kenaf accession 5018, 5083, 1623 and 3746, respectively. Analysis also found the higher phenotypic variation than the genetic variation. During genotypic variation analysis, three primers among the sixteen primers produced polymorphism in kenaf accessions. The dendrogram had indicated segregation of 51 germplasms of Kenaf into 8 clusters where cluster II consisted 18 and cluster III consisted 20 accessions respectively. The information obtained in this study can be used for further breeding programs for the improvement of kenaf in Bangladesh.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF MORPHO- MOLOECULAR VARIATION IN KENAF","authors":"A. Hossaina, Md. Tareq, M. Islam, Md. Bahadur Meah, Md Abu Sadat, Md. Shahidul Haque","doi":"10.26480/trab.02.2021.59.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/trab.02.2021.59.66","url":null,"abstract":"Germplasm plays an important role for developing new varieties of crops to the plant bredders. In Bangladesh, kenaf is geeting more attention as the substitute of jute and breeding new varieties of kenaf is time demanding. In the present research, morphological and genetic variation of 51 kenaf germplasms were analysed. Analysis revealed that genotype HC-92 had the higer plant height (3.4 m) with base diameter (27.3 mm), higher number of node in each plant, plant weight with or without leaves and fiber yield (37.9 g) compare to the other kenaf accessions. However, internode length, number of fruit and seeds and dry stick weight was higher in kenaf accession 5018, 5083, 1623 and 3746, respectively. Analysis also found the higher phenotypic variation than the genetic variation. During genotypic variation analysis, three primers among the sixteen primers produced polymorphism in kenaf accessions. The dendrogram had indicated segregation of 51 germplasms of Kenaf into 8 clusters where cluster II consisted 18 and cluster III consisted 20 accessions respectively. The information obtained in this study can be used for further breeding programs for the improvement of kenaf in Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":134753,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Agrobiodiversity","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115812290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-21DOI: 10.26480/trab.02.2021.77.81
Avdhesh Kumar Chaudhary, J. Yadav, Aman Kumar Gupta, K. Gupta
This review is to reviewed with an objective of reviewing the overall aspect of early blight of potato crop along with its management options. Potato is the most important vegetable crop in terms of quantities produced and consumed worldwide. It is the fast-growing major crop in the world with important economic impact on many resource-poor farming families. However, its production is currently disturbed by a number of biotic and abiotic constraints. Epidemics of early blight caused by Alternaria spp. can cause significant economic damage to potato production if not timely controlled. It is prevalent worldwide wherever potatoes, tomatoes, peppers, and eggplants are grown. The disease can damage both potato foliage and tubers and can causes yield losses of 5-50%. Early blight is a poly cyclic disease that can cause more than one disease epidemics within a single cropping season. It is difficult to control because of its capacity to produce huge amounts of secondary inoculum. Since the disease is very important in causing economic losses of yields on potato crop, developing and using effective and appropriate management options is necessary. Using good cultural practices and applying chemical fungicides are important in reducing as well as managing of early blight disease of potato. Even though there is no well-developed biological control of early blight, it is very important to develop such management strategies. Because biological control measures are specific, efficient and environmentally safe. In order to control early blight in potato, studies were conducted to identify the optimal fungicide strategy and, if possible, to reduce the number of fungicide applications per growing season. Therefore, a disease-threshold-based framework was tested to define the optimal timing of fungicide application. The initiation and subsequent applications of fungicides were based on increases in disease incidence or severity.
{"title":"INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGEMENT OF EARLY BLIGHT (ALTERNARIA SOLANI) OF POTATO","authors":"Avdhesh Kumar Chaudhary, J. Yadav, Aman Kumar Gupta, K. Gupta","doi":"10.26480/trab.02.2021.77.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/trab.02.2021.77.81","url":null,"abstract":"This review is to reviewed with an objective of reviewing the overall aspect of early blight of potato crop along with its management options. Potato is the most important vegetable crop in terms of quantities produced and consumed worldwide. It is the fast-growing major crop in the world with important economic impact on many resource-poor farming families. However, its production is currently disturbed by a number of biotic and abiotic constraints. Epidemics of early blight caused by Alternaria spp. can cause significant economic damage to potato production if not timely controlled. It is prevalent worldwide wherever potatoes, tomatoes, peppers, and eggplants are grown. The disease can damage both potato foliage and tubers and can causes yield losses of 5-50%. Early blight is a poly cyclic disease that can cause more than one disease epidemics within a single cropping season. It is difficult to control because of its capacity to produce huge amounts of secondary inoculum. Since the disease is very important in causing economic losses of yields on potato crop, developing and using effective and appropriate management options is necessary. Using good cultural practices and applying chemical fungicides are important in reducing as well as managing of early blight disease of potato. Even though there is no well-developed biological control of early blight, it is very important to develop such management strategies. Because biological control measures are specific, efficient and environmentally safe. In order to control early blight in potato, studies were conducted to identify the optimal fungicide strategy and, if possible, to reduce the number of fungicide applications per growing season. Therefore, a disease-threshold-based framework was tested to define the optimal timing of fungicide application. The initiation and subsequent applications of fungicides were based on increases in disease incidence or severity.","PeriodicalId":134753,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Agrobiodiversity","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125762741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-21DOI: 10.26480/trab.02.2021.82.86
Md. Touhidul Islam
Seed source is influenced on plant growth and yield of a crop. The objective of this research was to investigate the plant growth and yield including gap of rice collected seed from different sources in Bangladesh. The seed of rice variety BRRI dhan28 of Oryza sativa L. was used as study material. The treatments were consisted of four sources of seed viz. Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation (BADC), private seed company, farmers’ own seed and seed from local market. The seed was also obtained from Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) that was used for control. Data regarding plant growth parameters (plant height, leaf area, absolute growth rate, AGR and relative growth rate, RGR); yield attributes (number of spikelet/panicles, 1000-grain weight and yield/ton); and percentage of yield gap were investigated. Minimum plant growth parameters except RGR and all yield attributes of rice were observed in the seed of BRRI followed by BADC; while the highest RGR was observed in the seed of BRRI and BADC simultaneously. The yield gap of rice was the highest in the seed of the market. The plant growth and grain yield of rice were comparatively higher in the seed of BRRI followed by BADC and company due to higher knowledge of seed production and processing technology; while higher yield gap were observed in the seed of farmer and market due to poor seed production and processing facilities as well as their poor knowledge.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF SEED SOURCE ON PLANT GROWTH, YIELD AND YIELD GAP OF RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.)","authors":"Md. Touhidul Islam","doi":"10.26480/trab.02.2021.82.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/trab.02.2021.82.86","url":null,"abstract":"Seed source is influenced on plant growth and yield of a crop. The objective of this research was to investigate the plant growth and yield including gap of rice collected seed from different sources in Bangladesh. The seed of rice variety BRRI dhan28 of Oryza sativa L. was used as study material. The treatments were consisted of four sources of seed viz. Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation (BADC), private seed company, farmers’ own seed and seed from local market. The seed was also obtained from Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) that was used for control. Data regarding plant growth parameters (plant height, leaf area, absolute growth rate, AGR and relative growth rate, RGR); yield attributes (number of spikelet/panicles, 1000-grain weight and yield/ton); and percentage of yield gap were investigated. Minimum plant growth parameters except RGR and all yield attributes of rice were observed in the seed of BRRI followed by BADC; while the highest RGR was observed in the seed of BRRI and BADC simultaneously. The yield gap of rice was the highest in the seed of the market. The plant growth and grain yield of rice were comparatively higher in the seed of BRRI followed by BADC and company due to higher knowledge of seed production and processing technology; while higher yield gap were observed in the seed of farmer and market due to poor seed production and processing facilities as well as their poor knowledge.","PeriodicalId":134753,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Agrobiodiversity","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128604465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-21DOI: 10.26480/trab.02.2021.54.58
Himani Chand
Host Plant Resistance (HPR) is an effective, economical and eco-friendly method introduced for pest management. The concept of HPR has been emphasized mainly in order to reduce the use of pesticides as it provides opportunities to improve research and extension documentation to assist producers. It can also be taken as an effective tool for sustainable agriculture also focusing over the creation of organic farming where very low doses of pesticides are said to be applied if we can focus over this technology. But still in Nepal, the limitation of germplasm availability and development of biotype that can overcome resistance compared to the developed and other developing countries creates disadvantageous situations to completely depend upon this technology right now. Much interest in biotechnology relative to developing insect-resistant plants is in methods known collectively as genetic transformation, rDNA methods, or genetic engineering. These methods enable transfer of a resistance gene that could not be transferred by traditional sexual hybridization. NARC and Government need to prioritize moreover to the entomological research from onwards by increasing manpower in this sector and developing improved resistant and also regarding storage and multiplication of those germplasms.
{"title":"HOST-PLANT RESISTANCE IN PEST MANAGEMENT","authors":"Himani Chand","doi":"10.26480/trab.02.2021.54.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/trab.02.2021.54.58","url":null,"abstract":"Host Plant Resistance (HPR) is an effective, economical and eco-friendly method introduced for pest management. The concept of HPR has been emphasized mainly in order to reduce the use of pesticides as it provides opportunities to improve research and extension documentation to assist producers. It can also be taken as an effective tool for sustainable agriculture also focusing over the creation of organic farming where very low doses of pesticides are said to be applied if we can focus over this technology. But still in Nepal, the limitation of germplasm availability and development of biotype that can overcome resistance compared to the developed and other developing countries creates disadvantageous situations to completely depend upon this technology right now. Much interest in biotechnology relative to developing insect-resistant plants is in methods known collectively as genetic transformation, rDNA methods, or genetic engineering. These methods enable transfer of a resistance gene that could not be transferred by traditional sexual hybridization. NARC and Government need to prioritize moreover to the entomological research from onwards by increasing manpower in this sector and developing improved resistant and also regarding storage and multiplication of those germplasms.","PeriodicalId":134753,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Agrobiodiversity","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127237753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-21DOI: 10.26480/trab.02.2021.72.76
Niruta Gautam, M. Sah, Laxmi Bhandari, Saraswati Aryal, Jyoti Kafle, Sudha Pokharel, K. Dhakal
Wheat is the major staple cereal crop of the world population. In developing countries like Nepal, cultivation of wheat is dependent upon the monsoon and the irregular monsoon gives way to the drought condition. The studies and researches of recent years have found pronounced effect of drought on the wheat production. The drought stress in crop leads to several changes in the physiological, morphological and biochemical traits leading to the economic losses. The morphological changes can be viewed through two ways as change in shoot and root system such as effect on plant height, leaf senescence, flowering and so on. Similarly, physiological changes involve change in cell growth pattern, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis disturbance and biochemical changes occur in concentration of different chemicals and activity of different enzymes, hence resulting alteration in the natural processes in different phenological stages of wheat. To reduce the effect of drought stress, various approaches have been made but the more focus has been given in the identification of traits that yields high rather than introducing those traits which show better responses towards environmental irregularities. This review study is done to assess the various changes in characters of wheat due to drought and their effect on the crop yield and productivity.
{"title":"BIOCHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL CHANGES DUE TO DROUGHT STRESS IN WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)","authors":"Niruta Gautam, M. Sah, Laxmi Bhandari, Saraswati Aryal, Jyoti Kafle, Sudha Pokharel, K. Dhakal","doi":"10.26480/trab.02.2021.72.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/trab.02.2021.72.76","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat is the major staple cereal crop of the world population. In developing countries like Nepal, cultivation of wheat is dependent upon the monsoon and the irregular monsoon gives way to the drought condition. The studies and researches of recent years have found pronounced effect of drought on the wheat production. The drought stress in crop leads to several changes in the physiological, morphological and biochemical traits leading to the economic losses. The morphological changes can be viewed through two ways as change in shoot and root system such as effect on plant height, leaf senescence, flowering and so on. Similarly, physiological changes involve change in cell growth pattern, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis disturbance and biochemical changes occur in concentration of different chemicals and activity of different enzymes, hence resulting alteration in the natural processes in different phenological stages of wheat. To reduce the effect of drought stress, various approaches have been made but the more focus has been given in the identification of traits that yields high rather than introducing those traits which show better responses towards environmental irregularities. This review study is done to assess the various changes in characters of wheat due to drought and their effect on the crop yield and productivity.","PeriodicalId":134753,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Agrobiodiversity","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115400490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-21DOI: 10.26480/trab.02.2021.67.71
E. Kingsley
Investigation of plant-parasitic nematodes of yam in selected yam farms in two Local Government Areas of Rivers State was conducted. A total of 22 yam farms were selected and assessed, 12 from Emohua and 10 from Etche Local Governemnet Areas (LGA). Two tubers of yam ready to be harvested were randomly selected and the soil around it were collected, bagged individually and transported to the laboratory for bioassay. Sieve plate nematode extraction technique was used for extraction of nematodes from the tubers and soil. The purpose of the study was to identify the plant parasitic nematodes that affect yam in the selected zone and likely to predict if nematode was a predisposing agent to yam rot in the study area. The results showed that in Emohua LGA, Meloidogtne spp. with mean population of 90.407±0.543 were the most prevalent species in the soil samples followed by Heterodera spp. with 38.622±0.891 and Pratylenchus spp. with 26.322±0.962 while in the roots and yam tuber Meloidogyne spp. had the most prevalent species with mean population of 69.510±0.907, followed by Scutellonema spp. with 15.651±2.201 and then Ditylenchus spp. with 13.7651±2.644. Also, in Etche LGA, Meloidogyne spp., Tylenchulus spp. and Rotylenchulus spp. had the most prevalent species in the soil with mean populations of 24.920±0.479, 22.426±1.093 and 20.202±0.828 respectively. In the roots and yam tubers, Scutellonema spp., Meloidogyne spp. and Heterodera spp. in that order had the most prevalent species with mean populations of 17.814±0.253, 13.240±0.286 and 10.619±0.401 respectively. Data analysis showed that plant-parasitic nematodes recovered from the soil and roots/yam tuber were statistically significant at P<0.05. These showed that the presence of these plant-parasitic nematodes in the study area suggests that they are important pests of yams even though their presence is not noticed by farmers. They could be attributed to poor yield in yams in the study areas.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES OF YAM IN SELECTED YAM FARMS IN TWO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF RIVERS STATE","authors":"E. Kingsley","doi":"10.26480/trab.02.2021.67.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/trab.02.2021.67.71","url":null,"abstract":"Investigation of plant-parasitic nematodes of yam in selected yam farms in two Local Government Areas of Rivers State was conducted. A total of 22 yam farms were selected and assessed, 12 from Emohua and 10 from Etche Local Governemnet Areas (LGA). Two tubers of yam ready to be harvested were randomly selected and the soil around it were collected, bagged individually and transported to the laboratory for bioassay. Sieve plate nematode extraction technique was used for extraction of nematodes from the tubers and soil. The purpose of the study was to identify the plant parasitic nematodes that affect yam in the selected zone and likely to predict if nematode was a predisposing agent to yam rot in the study area. The results showed that in Emohua LGA, Meloidogtne spp. with mean population of 90.407±0.543 were the most prevalent species in the soil samples followed by Heterodera spp. with 38.622±0.891 and Pratylenchus spp. with 26.322±0.962 while in the roots and yam tuber Meloidogyne spp. had the most prevalent species with mean population of 69.510±0.907, followed by Scutellonema spp. with 15.651±2.201 and then Ditylenchus spp. with 13.7651±2.644. Also, in Etche LGA, Meloidogyne spp., Tylenchulus spp. and Rotylenchulus spp. had the most prevalent species in the soil with mean populations of 24.920±0.479, 22.426±1.093 and 20.202±0.828 respectively. In the roots and yam tubers, Scutellonema spp., Meloidogyne spp. and Heterodera spp. in that order had the most prevalent species with mean populations of 17.814±0.253, 13.240±0.286 and 10.619±0.401 respectively. Data analysis showed that plant-parasitic nematodes recovered from the soil and roots/yam tuber were statistically significant at P<0.05. These showed that the presence of these plant-parasitic nematodes in the study area suggests that they are important pests of yams even though their presence is not noticed by farmers. They could be attributed to poor yield in yams in the study areas.","PeriodicalId":134753,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Agrobiodiversity","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124418856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-03DOI: 10.26480/trab.01.2021.37.41
Nur Izzah Khadijah E’rahim, M. Nordin, M. Salleh
Seed priming may improve seed germination and early seedling growth of plants under water deficit condition. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of seed priming on the germination and early seedling growth of chili under water deficit condition and to identify the optimum rate of seed priming for higher seed germination and early seedling growth. The water deficit stress level towards early seedling growth also been identified. The priming treatments involved were non-priming as control, and priming with gibberellic acid (GA3) at 5 mg/L, 10 mg/L and 15 mg/L. Seed germination experiment was conducted using wet-tissue method for seven days duration. Germination percentage, germination index and seedling vigour index were recorded in the seed germination experiment. The germinated seeds were then sown and grown under five different levels of water deficit treatment in accordance with the frequency of watering mainly watering 8 times (S1), 4 times (S2), 2 times (S3), once (S4), and not watered (S5), in a duration of 14 days. The early seedling growth performance was based on plant height, and root length. Seed germination and early seedling growth performance of 5 mg/L GA3 primed seeds was significantly better as compared to other seed priming treatments. In addition, the S1 and S2 could be regarded as non-stress condition, S3 and S4 as mild to moderate stress and S5 as severe stress since all seedlings were not survived under S5 condition. In general, S2 was found to be the optimum watering treatment as it recorded the highest plant height and root length of the seedlings.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF SEED PRIMING ON SEED GERMINATION AND EARLY SEEDLING GROWTH OF CHILI (CAPSICUM ANNUM L.) UNDER WATER DEFICIT CONDITION","authors":"Nur Izzah Khadijah E’rahim, M. Nordin, M. Salleh","doi":"10.26480/trab.01.2021.37.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/trab.01.2021.37.41","url":null,"abstract":"Seed priming may improve seed germination and early seedling growth of plants under water deficit condition. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of seed priming on the germination and early seedling growth of chili under water deficit condition and to identify the optimum rate of seed priming for higher seed germination and early seedling growth. The water deficit stress level towards early seedling growth also been identified. The priming treatments involved were non-priming as control, and priming with gibberellic acid (GA3) at 5 mg/L, 10 mg/L and 15 mg/L. Seed germination experiment was conducted using wet-tissue method for seven days duration. Germination percentage, germination index and seedling vigour index were recorded in the seed germination experiment. The germinated seeds were then sown and grown under five different levels of water deficit treatment in accordance with the frequency of watering mainly watering 8 times (S1), 4 times (S2), 2 times (S3), once (S4), and not watered (S5), in a duration of 14 days. The early seedling growth performance was based on plant height, and root length. Seed germination and early seedling growth performance of 5 mg/L GA3 primed seeds was significantly better as compared to other seed priming treatments. In addition, the S1 and S2 could be regarded as non-stress condition, S3 and S4 as mild to moderate stress and S5 as severe stress since all seedlings were not survived under S5 condition. In general, S2 was found to be the optimum watering treatment as it recorded the highest plant height and root length of the seedlings.","PeriodicalId":134753,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Agrobiodiversity","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129876518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-03DOI: 10.26480/trab.01.2021.42.44
Milan Nepali Joseph, Nisha Boudhacharya
Tomato is cultivated all over the world as it has high economic value and more demand. Tomato leaf minor is most hazardous pest of tomato all over the world. It causes high economic loss in tomato from 50-100%. Various methods like cultural, physical, biological, chemical methods are used for control of the pest. Due to excessive use of chemical pesticides, pests are gaining resistance power and pesticides are becoming less effective to controal it. IPM methods, use of trap, use of neem-based pesticides are one of safe and more effective methods to control it. This review article provides information about the identification of pest, their nature of damage and different control measures of tomato leaf minor.
{"title":"TOMATO LEAF MINOR TUTA ABSOLUTA IN TOMATO & ITS CONTROL METHODS: A REVIEW","authors":"Milan Nepali Joseph, Nisha Boudhacharya","doi":"10.26480/trab.01.2021.42.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/trab.01.2021.42.44","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato is cultivated all over the world as it has high economic value and more demand. Tomato leaf minor is most hazardous pest of tomato all over the world. It causes high economic loss in tomato from 50-100%. Various methods like cultural, physical, biological, chemical methods are used for control of the pest. Due to excessive use of chemical pesticides, pests are gaining resistance power and pesticides are becoming less effective to controal it. IPM methods, use of trap, use of neem-based pesticides are one of safe and more effective methods to control it. This review article provides information about the identification of pest, their nature of damage and different control measures of tomato leaf minor.","PeriodicalId":134753,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Agrobiodiversity","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127933089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-03DOI: 10.26480/trab.01.2021.30.36
M. Panigrahi, S. Nayak, N. Gupta
A pot experiment using submerged culture of native phosphate solubilising microflora of Piper longum with completely randomized design with 12 treatments and 20 replications along with control was carried out. The experiments were conducted on Piper longum seedlings grown by vegetative propagation method in two different seasons along with control and different fungal inoculation either individual and /or dual sets. The morphological parameters recorded on plant height, root length, biomass, leaf no., area as well as physiological growth parameters like relative growth rate, leaf area ratio, net assimilation rate, quality index and chlorophyll content of the plants of 160 days of growth. All data subjected to analysis of variance as one factor at a time in different experimental sets. Data recorded on growth performance of plants revealed better effect on enhancement of growth of plants in rainy and winter season as compared to control. The plants developed good growth under inoculated condition in rainy season and growth promotion effect of fungi exhibited the higher shoot height, leaf no and fruit no. whereas winter season promoted more leaf area of the plants. Overall, piperine content of the fruits was more or less similar in both the season. However, winter season supported richer physiological state of plant in terms of total carbohydrate, reducing and non-reducing sugar. However, physiological parameters of fungi inoculated plants during rainy season exhibited higher variation than the winter season. Overall potential for growth promotion and development of Piper longum is clearly visible due to inoculation of P. admetzi in both seasons. This fungus also performs better in dual inoculation with F. moniliforme, A. acculeatus and Paecilomyces lilacinus. A. niger also performed good in combination with F. moniliforme and Paecilomyces lilacinus. Though A. acculeatus supports good for plant promotion during winter season individually, plants of rainy season under inoculated conditions performed better for the implementation as conservation and production strategies is concerned. However, inoculation of P. admetzi during winter season gives more leaf area useful for more appropriate strategies for commercial promotion of Piper longum for vegetative propagation and commercialization in large scale.
{"title":"GROWTH PROMOTING IMPACT OF DUAL FUNGAL INOCULATIONS ON Piper longum, A BIOACTIVE & RET MEDICINAL PLANT OF ODISHA, INDIA","authors":"M. Panigrahi, S. Nayak, N. Gupta","doi":"10.26480/trab.01.2021.30.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/trab.01.2021.30.36","url":null,"abstract":"A pot experiment using submerged culture of native phosphate solubilising microflora of Piper longum with completely randomized design with 12 treatments and 20 replications along with control was carried out. The experiments were conducted on Piper longum seedlings grown by vegetative propagation method in two different seasons along with control and different fungal inoculation either individual and /or dual sets. The morphological parameters recorded on plant height, root length, biomass, leaf no., area as well as physiological growth parameters like relative growth rate, leaf area ratio, net assimilation rate, quality index and chlorophyll content of the plants of 160 days of growth. All data subjected to analysis of variance as one factor at a time in different experimental sets. Data recorded on growth performance of plants revealed better effect on enhancement of growth of plants in rainy and winter season as compared to control. The plants developed good growth under inoculated condition in rainy season and growth promotion effect of fungi exhibited the higher shoot height, leaf no and fruit no. whereas winter season promoted more leaf area of the plants. Overall, piperine content of the fruits was more or less similar in both the season. However, winter season supported richer physiological state of plant in terms of total carbohydrate, reducing and non-reducing sugar. However, physiological parameters of fungi inoculated plants during rainy season exhibited higher variation than the winter season. Overall potential for growth promotion and development of Piper longum is clearly visible due to inoculation of P. admetzi in both seasons. This fungus also performs better in dual inoculation with F. moniliforme, A. acculeatus and Paecilomyces lilacinus. A. niger also performed good in combination with F. moniliforme and Paecilomyces lilacinus. Though A. acculeatus supports good for plant promotion during winter season individually, plants of rainy season under inoculated conditions performed better for the implementation as conservation and production strategies is concerned. However, inoculation of P. admetzi during winter season gives more leaf area useful for more appropriate strategies for commercial promotion of Piper longum for vegetative propagation and commercialization in large scale.","PeriodicalId":134753,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Agrobiodiversity","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122502190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-03DOI: 10.26480/trab.01.2021.16.21
Anup Sharma, D. Devkota, S. Thapa, M. Sapkota, B. Bista
This study was conducted at Boach, Bhimeshwor-8, Dolakha, Nepal from February to April, 2020 to analyze the effect of varied concentrations of gibberellic acid and growing media on germination of kiwifruit seeds. The experiment was done by using Factorial combination of four different concentrations: 0 ppm, 2000 ppm, 4000 ppm and 6000 ppm of gibberellic acid and different growing media: Peat moss, Cocopeat, Vermicompost and Normal Soil laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD); each treatment were replicated four times. Germination percentage, mean germination time, germination rate, mean germination rate, germination index, coefficient of velocity of germination and germination rate index were the parameters measured. The germination of kiwifruit seeds was significantly affected by gibberellic acid and growing media. The highest germination percentage (48.25%), germination rate (87.73%), germination index (0.88) and germination rate index (11.82) was recorded from seeds treated with 6000 ppm gibberellic acid and sown at peat moss whereas, the minimum germination percentage (13%), germination rate (23.64%) and germination index (0.24) was observed in seeds treated with 4000 ppm gibberellic acid and sown at vermicompost. The maximum time taken (46 days) to germinate was shown by seeds treated with 6000 ppm gibberellic acid and sown at normal soil whereas, the minimum time taken (35 days) to germinate was recorded in seeds treated with 6000 ppm gibberellic acid and sown at cocopeat. The highest mean germination rate (0.028 day-1) and coefficient of velocity of germination (2.79%) was observed in seeds treated with 6000 ppm gibberellic acid and sown at cocopeat whereas the least mean germination rate (0.022 day-1) and coefficient of velocity of germination (2.18%) was recorded in seeds treated with 6000 ppm gibberellic acid and sown at normal soil. From the findings of this experiment, it is revealed that the seeds treated with 6000 ppm gibberellic acid and sown at peat moss could be the most effective and appropriate to improve the germination and stand establishment of kiwifruit seeds.
本研究于2020年2 - 4月在尼泊尔Dolakha bhimeshwor8号的Boach进行，分析了不同浓度的赤霉素酸和生长介质对猕猴桃种子萌发的影响。试验采用全随机设计(CRD)，将0 ppm、2000 ppm、4000 ppm和6000 ppm 4种不同浓度的赤霉素与泥炭藓、鸡粪、蚯蚓堆肥和普通土壤进行因子组合;每个治疗重复4次。测定了发芽率、平均发芽时间、发芽率、平均发芽率、发芽指数、发芽速度系数和发芽率指数。赤霉素和生长介质对猕猴桃种子萌发有显著影响。6000 ppm赤霉素处理的种子在泥炭苔藓上的发芽率最高(48.25%)，发芽率最高(87.73%)，发芽率指数最高(0.88)，发芽率指数最高(11.82);4000 ppm赤霉素处理的种子在蚯蚓堆肥上的发芽率最低(13%)，发芽率最低(23.64%)，发芽率最低(0.24)。用6000 ppm赤霉素酸处理的种子在正常土壤中播种的发芽时间最长(46天)，而用6000 ppm赤霉素酸处理的种子在cocopat土壤中播种的发芽时间最短(35天)。6000ppm赤霉素酸处理的种子平均发芽率最高，为0.028 d -1，萌发速度系数最高，为2.79%;6000ppm赤霉素酸处理的种子平均发芽率最低，为0.022 d -1，萌发速度系数最低，为2.18%。本试验结果表明，6000 ppm赤霉素酸处理的种子在泥炭苔藓上播种对猕猴桃种子的萌发和立枝最有效、最适宜。
{"title":"IMPROVING GERMINATION AND STAND ESTABLISHMENT OF KIWIFRUIT (Actinidia deliciosa cv. Hayward) SEED THROUGH MEDIA SELECTION AND HORMONAL USE IN DOLAKHA, NEPAL","authors":"Anup Sharma, D. Devkota, S. Thapa, M. Sapkota, B. Bista","doi":"10.26480/trab.01.2021.16.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/trab.01.2021.16.21","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted at Boach, Bhimeshwor-8, Dolakha, Nepal from February to April, 2020 to analyze the effect of varied concentrations of gibberellic acid and growing media on germination of kiwifruit seeds. The experiment was done by using Factorial combination of four different concentrations: 0 ppm, 2000 ppm, 4000 ppm and 6000 ppm of gibberellic acid and different growing media: Peat moss, Cocopeat, Vermicompost and Normal Soil laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD); each treatment were replicated four times. Germination percentage, mean germination time, germination rate, mean germination rate, germination index, coefficient of velocity of germination and germination rate index were the parameters measured. The germination of kiwifruit seeds was significantly affected by gibberellic acid and growing media. The highest germination percentage (48.25%), germination rate (87.73%), germination index (0.88) and germination rate index (11.82) was recorded from seeds treated with 6000 ppm gibberellic acid and sown at peat moss whereas, the minimum germination percentage (13%), germination rate (23.64%) and germination index (0.24) was observed in seeds treated with 4000 ppm gibberellic acid and sown at vermicompost. The maximum time taken (46 days) to germinate was shown by seeds treated with 6000 ppm gibberellic acid and sown at normal soil whereas, the minimum time taken (35 days) to germinate was recorded in seeds treated with 6000 ppm gibberellic acid and sown at cocopeat. The highest mean germination rate (0.028 day-1) and coefficient of velocity of germination (2.79%) was observed in seeds treated with 6000 ppm gibberellic acid and sown at cocopeat whereas the least mean germination rate (0.022 day-1) and coefficient of velocity of germination (2.18%) was recorded in seeds treated with 6000 ppm gibberellic acid and sown at normal soil. From the findings of this experiment, it is revealed that the seeds treated with 6000 ppm gibberellic acid and sown at peat moss could be the most effective and appropriate to improve the germination and stand establishment of kiwifruit seeds.","PeriodicalId":134753,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Agrobiodiversity","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124172947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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