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Research on the national standard of the unit of mass in the range from 2 kg to 20 kg 2 ~ 20千克质量单位国家标准的研究
Pub Date : 2023-05-05 DOI: 10.33955/v5(2023)-033
V. Tuhai, S. Tsiporenko
It is difficult to imagine modern science, industry, and economics without mass measurements in a wide range: from a few tenths of a milligram up to hundreds or even thousands of tons. So, Ukraine, in this case, is not an exception. National science, medicine, industry, and other fields of activity increasingly feel the need for reliable and traceable results of mass measurements in the range of more than 1 kg. Considering this, a national standard of the unit of mass in the range from 2 kg to 20 kg was established in SE «Ukrmetrteststandart». This article provides information on the general structure of the national standard, its metrological characteristics, and the methods of its application. It is also described the dissemination procedure of the unit of mass from the 1kg reference weight to the weights in the range from 2 kg to 20 kg, as well as the processing of the obtained measurement results by means of the least squares method. In addition, the article presents the results of the national standard’s research, the results of the calculation of the masses of the standard weights, and their uncertainty assessment. The obtained results confirm compliance of the metrological characteristics of the national standard to the declared ones. It has been demonstrated that the national standard provides calibration of weights of accuracy class E1 in the range from 2 kg to 20 kg.
很难想象现代科学、工业和经济没有广泛的质量测量:从零点几毫克到几百甚至几千吨。因此,在这种情况下,乌克兰也不例外。国家科学、医学、工业和其他活动领域日益感到需要可靠和可追溯的质量测量结果,其范围超过1公斤。考虑到这一点,在SE«乌克兰计量测试标准»中建立了2公斤至20公斤范围内的质量单位的国家标准。本文介绍了该国标的总体结构、计量特点和应用方法。描述了质量单位从1kg基准重量向2kg ~ 20kg范围内的重量的传播过程,以及用最小二乘法对得到的测量结果进行处理。此外,本文还介绍了国家标准的研究成果、标准砝码质量的计算结果及其不确定度评定。所得结果证实了国家标准的计量特性与申报的计量特性符合。经证明,该国家标准提供了2公斤至20公斤范围内精度等级为E1级的砝码的校准。
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引用次数: 1
Systems engineering of cybersecured digital and information measuring systems based on the signature Boolean-polynomial algebra synthesis apparatus 基于签名布尔-多项式代数合成装置的网络安全数字和信息测量系统工程
Pub Date : 2023-05-05 DOI: 10.33955/v5(2023)-024
Viltalii Tupkalo, S. Cherepkov
Development of DIMSCC models with cyber-controllability of their apparatus and software for computing function (operations) in real time becomes the primary task since the problem relevance of the cyber security of digital information and measuring systems of control complexes (DIMSCC) for critical infrastructure objects is increasing. Based on an analysis of known digital systems functional control methods new term «functional cyber-controllability of the digital informational and measuring system» was defined in the article. New approach to operational functional control of hardware redundancy is proposed. This is the synthesis of DIMSCC computing operations. Hardware redundancy is a synthesized control node chosen for functional control of various DIMSCC basic arithmetic and logical functions (operations) which should be reduced to simple procedure of corresponding switching functionally complete combinational structures from a finite set (standard set). Concerning this, the synthesis task is as follows. Only inputs and outputs of specified object are available for functional control of arithmetic and logical operations on binary operands under external hacker influence. Combination type functional control node structure (operational compositional adaptation) should be developed depending on the type of controlled computing operation being performed. The result of the synthesis task solving is a system of formulae determination (signature control equations) of the signature functional control of all DIMSCC basic arithmetic and logical functions (operations) on a single basis of a single equivalent representation of their known formulaic expression by corresponding (adequate) descriptions in infix notation (infix models). Apparatus of Boolean-polynomial algebra is used aiming to realize infix notation. The practical advantage of the proposed approach to the synthesis of hardware redundancy of operational functional signature control of computing operations is the transition possibility from signature control equations formulae to their realization implementation in the form of a signature control node directly without additional interpreting and minimizing procedures use by simple logical composition (switching) functionally complete combinational structures from a finite set (standard set).
随着关键基础设施对象的数字信息和控制综合体测量系统(DIMSCC)的网络安全问题日益突出,开发具有设备和软件实时计算功能(操作)的网络可控性的DIMSCC模型成为首要任务。在分析现有数字系统功能控制方法的基础上,提出了“数字信息测量系统的功能网络可控性”这一新的概念。提出了一种新的硬件冗余操作功能控制方法。这是DIMSCC计算操作的综合。硬件冗余是为了对DIMSCC的各种基本算法和逻辑功能(操作)进行功能控制而选择的综合控制节点,将其从一个有限集(标准集)简化为相应的功能完备组合结构的简单切换过程。对此,综合任务如下。在外部黑客影响下,对二进制操作数的算术和逻辑运算进行功能控制时,只能使用指定对象的输入和输出。组合型功能控制节点结构(操作组合适应)应根据所执行的控制计算操作的类型来发展。综合任务求解的结果是所有DIMSCC基本算术和逻辑函数(操作)的签名功能控制的公式确定(签名控制方程)系统,该系统基于已知公式表达式的单一等价表示,通过中缀符号(中缀模型)的相应(充分)描述。利用布尔多项式代数装置实现中缀符号。所提出的计算操作功能签名控制的硬件冗余综合方法的实际优点是,可以直接从签名控制方程公式过渡到签名控制节点形式的实现实现,而无需额外的解释和最小化程序,只需从有限集(标准集)进行简单的逻辑组合(切换)功能完整的组合结构。
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引用次数: 0
Interlaboratory test results comparisons for active and reactive energy meter 有功电能表与无功电能表实验室间测试结果比较
Pub Date : 2023-05-05 DOI: 10.33955/v5(2023)-031
V. Dovhan, O. Velychko, D. Nikitenko
The article is dedicated to the organization and performance of bilateral interlaboratory comparisons of test results for active and reactive energy meter. Interlaboratory comparisons of test results are presented. Evaluation of the laboratory test results bias is provided by means of functioning statistics En criterion. Analysis and conclusions concerning laboratory competence are obtained.
本文致力于有功电能表和无功电能表试验结果的双边实验室间比较的组织和实施。提出了实验室间试验结果的比较。利用功能统计标准对实验室检测结果偏差进行评价。获得了有关实验室能力的分析和结论。
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引用次数: 0
Проблеми метрологічної діяльності у сфері охорони здоров’я
Pub Date : 2023-05-05 DOI: 10.33955/v5(2023)-027
І. В. Чижик, Л. Г. Сушко
Розглядаються питання, пов’язані із забезпеченням єдності вимірювань у сфері охорони здоров’я, відповідності метрологічної діяльності у зазначеній сфері вимогам чинного законодавства у сфері метрології. Розглядаються вимоги керівних документів Міністерства охорони здоров’я України, що регламентують шляхи впровадження системи менеджменту якості та забезпечення єдності вимірювань в медичних лабораторіях, та стан їх впровадження. Зазначаються проблеми, пов’язані з методичним забезпеченням лабораторних досліджень у сфері охорони здоров’я, відсутністю метрологічних вимог до процедур (методик) лабораторних досліджень, метрологічним підтверджуванням засобів вимірювальної техніки медичного призначення. В статті також зазначаються проблеми, пов’язані з акредитацією медичних лабораторій відповідно до вимог ДСТУ EN ISO 15189 [1].
文章论述了与确保医疗保健领域测量的统一性、该领域的计量活动符合计量领域现行法律要求有关的问题。研究了乌克兰卫生部关于实施质量管理体系和确保医学实验室测量统一性的指导性文件的要求及其实施情况。文章指出了与医疗保健领域实验室研究方法支持、实验室研究程序(方法)缺乏计量要求、医学测量仪器计量确认有关的问题。文章还强调了根据 DSTU EN ISO 15189 [1] 的要求对医学实验室进行认证的相关问题。
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引用次数: 0
Forecasting methods of intelligent systems technical condition analysis 智能系统技术状态分析预测方法
Pub Date : 2023-05-05 DOI: 10.33955/v5(2023)-030
V. Bohomia, Yevhen Zhukov, Alyona Mamitko
Modern information processing and control systems reached the level that makes it possible to use detailed information on device and human nervous system functioning. Using a cognitive psychological approach in intelligent systems development, allowed them to imitate human nervous system functions. The development of increasingly powerful intelligent information and control systems with learning and self-learning, including information and measuring systems, is expected as a result. They will have enhanced cognitive capabilities due to the stimulation of cognitive functions and processes responsible for perception, learning, thinking, and consciousness in the human nervous system. Development of this field allows to develop intelligent systems with thinking and behaviour analysis elements. Adding some creative possibilities, for example, related to automatic hypotheses and models creation and self-learning for new task solving, allows to improve the efficiency of intelligent systems. Due to this new approaches to the artificial brain and the artificial nervous system of robots development, which relate not only to artificial intelligence but also to its development in the form of an artificial mind. Thus, the main scientific and development task for models, methods, methodics, and algorithms for intelligent systems technical condition forecasting based on soft computing is important and relevant for science and practice. Intelligent technologies allowing to develop useful intelligent systems are continuously being improved. Currently, quite powerful tools for implementing the technology of expert systems, fuzzy logic, neural network systems, and multi-agent systems technology are used. They are rapidly improved by adding software packages and hardware tools. New technologies are being developed in the so-called neuromorphic systems field that models some brain structures and in the parallel computing and quantum computers field. These technologies aim to raise significantly the intelligence level of systems in the future.
现代信息处理和控制系统达到了可以利用设备和人体神经系统功能的详细信息的水平。在智能系统开发中使用认知心理学方法,使它们能够模仿人类神经系统的功能。因此,预计将开发出越来越强大的具有学习和自学习功能的智能信息和控制系统,包括信息和测量系统。由于刺激了人类神经系统中负责感知、学习、思考和意识的认知功能和过程,他们将具有增强的认知能力。该领域的发展允许开发具有思维和行为分析元素的智能系统。添加一些创造性的可能性,例如,与自动假设和模型创建以及解决新任务的自我学习有关,可以提高智能系统的效率。由于这种新的方法,人工大脑和人工神经系统的机器人的发展,这不仅涉及到人工智能,而且它的发展形式为人工思维。因此,研究基于软计算的智能系统技术状态预测的模型、方法、方法和算法具有重要的科学意义和现实意义。开发有用智能系统的智能技术不断得到改进。目前,专家系统、模糊逻辑、神经网络系统和多智能体系统等技术的实现工具非常强大。通过添加软件包和硬件工具,它们可以迅速得到改进。在模拟某些大脑结构的所谓神经形态系统领域,以及并行计算和量子计算机领域,正在开发新技术。这些技术的目标是在未来显著提高系统的智能水平。
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引用次数: 0
The interlaboratory comparisons role in the Ukrainian metrology system functioning 实验室间比较在乌克兰计量系统运作中的作用
Pub Date : 2023-05-05 DOI: 10.33955/v5(2023)-026
A. Glebov, O. V. Dengub
It is considered the usage of interlaboratory comparisons for the assuring of national metrology system functioning in the part of national measurement standards recognition (international standards comparisons), development and support the system of the units dissemination (the measurements methods evaluation and reference materials certification by interlaboratory experiment) and the calibration, testing and medical laboratories competence confirmation while their accreditation (proficiency testing). The information on valid European Proficiency Testing System EPTIS is presented. The programs for different types of laboratory studies are considered. The approaches to participants functioning evaluation are presented for the proficiency testing while calibration programs. The recommendations by international documents concerning laboratory activities monitoring reliability are presented.
在国家计量标准的认可(国际标准比较)、单位传播系统的发展和支持(通过实验室间实验的测量方法评价和标准物质认证)和校准方面,实验室间比较的使用被认为是为了保证国家计量系统的功能。测试和医学实验室的能力确认,同时他们的认可(能力测试)。介绍了有效的欧洲能力测试系统EPTIS的信息。考虑了不同类型的实验室研究方案。提出了在校准程序中进行能力测试的参与者功能评估方法。介绍了有关实验室活动监测可靠性的国际文件的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Interlaboratory comparisons of calibration results for electrical capacity measures and inductance measures 电容量测量和电感测量校准结果的实验室间比较
Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.33955/v4(2022)-021
O. Velychko, Serhii Shevkun, Maksym Dombrovskyi, V. Dovhan
The article is dedicated to the organization and performance of bilateral interlaboratory comparisons of calibration results for electrical capacity measures and inductivity measures at the frequency of 1 kHz. Interlaboratory comparisons of measuring instruments calibration results for electric quantities are presented. Evaluation of the laboratory calibration results bias is provided by means of functioning statistics En number. Analysis and conclusions concerning laboratory competence are obtained.
本文致力于在1khz频率下对电容量测量和电感测量的校准结果进行双边实验室间比较的组织和执行。介绍了电学量测量仪器校准结果的实验室间比较。对实验室校准结果偏差的评价是通过功能统计的方法提供的。获得了有关实验室能力的分析和结论。
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引用次数: 0
New OIML D1 implementation into Ukrainian metrology system — current stay and new challenges 新的OIML D1在乌克兰计量系统中的实施-当前停留和新的挑战
Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.33955/v4(2022)-013
Y. Kuzmenko, S. Pronenko, I. Pototskyi
Ukrainian Parliament had adopted the Law on joining the Convention establishing International Organization of Legal Metrology on the 5-th of November 2020, 998-IX [1]. The Convention came into force in Ukraine on April the 3-rd 2021 and for Ukraine it means the transition from Corresponding State status to joining OIML as the Member State. The adoption of the new edition of the OIML D1 National metrology systems — Developing the institutional and legislative framework [2] became the important event of international level. It may be considered as the result of this new document that the Ukrainian Metrological system complies the modern requirements but it is necessary to estimate how reasonable would be some changes to corresponding legislation.
乌克兰议会于2020年11月5日通过了《关于加入建立国际法制计量组织公约的法律》。《公约》于2021年4月3日在乌克兰生效,对乌克兰来说,这意味着从相应国地位过渡到以成员国身份加入国际海事组织。新版《国际计量体系指南》D1的通过——制定制度和立法框架[2]成为国际层面的重要事件。这可能被认为是这个新文件的结果,乌克兰计量系统符合现代要求,但有必要估计一些相应立法的变化有多合理。
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引用次数: 1
Information security system structural modelling concept of digital process-oriented enterprise 面向数字化流程的企业信息安全系统结构建模概念
Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.33955/v4(2022)-019
Viltalii Tupkalo, S. Cherepkov
The authors vision of the information security system structural model of digital process-oriented enterprise is based on analysis of existing «information security» and its components, «cyber security» and «network security» concepts. Model is based on complex causal-consequential chains character of two processual authors models: «enterprise business value creation chain» and «process management pyramid». The enterprise business value creation chain is determined as a logical sequence of digitalized technological business processes (TBP) of business value creation chain: customer/consumer engagement, production organization, goods production/services provision, goods/services sales. Herewith, «enterprise created business value» concept means the complex of two target production results: produced goods/services in terms of value for customer and sales revenue received on the seller bank account is value for the enterprise. Office automation systems (OAS) in all levels of the enterprise process management pyramid are used as an instrument for information collecting and processing and primary accounting data submitting from each technological business process in the value creation chain and analytical management data from managers personal business processes. This system is a corporate enterprise portal having an Internet connection. Herewith, «enterprise process management pyramid» concept is considered a digital organizational management structural model for the process-oriented enterprise. The structure model is a hierarchical system of managed by known PDCA (plan — do — check — act) management cycle internal and interrelated functions of each manager and lower (adjacent) level directly subordinate managers whose aim is managerial decisions production for directly subordinate executors. Concerning digitalized process-oriented enterprise management model, a vision of possible internal accidents and enterprise automated management system database hackers distortions model is created. Authors proposed «informational security of digital enterprise» concept variant is based on these two models components analysis.
在对现有的“信息安全”及其组成部分、“网络安全”和“网络安全”概念进行分析的基础上,提出了面向数字化流程的企业信息安全体系结构模型的设想。该模型基于两个过程作者模型的复杂因果链特征:“企业业务价值创造链”和“过程管理金字塔”。企业商业价值创造链被确定为商业价值创造链的数字化技术业务流程(TBP)的逻辑序列:客户/消费者参与、生产组织、产品生产/服务提供、产品/服务销售。因此,“企业创造商业价值”的概念是指两种目标生产结果的综合体:生产的产品/服务对客户的价值和在卖方银行账户上收到的销售收入对企业的价值。在企业流程管理金字塔的各个层次上,办公自动化系统(OAS)被用作收集和处理信息的工具,并从价值链的各个技术业务流程中提交主要的会计数据和从管理者个人业务流程中分析管理数据。该系统是一个具有Internet连接的公司企业门户。因此,“企业流程管理金字塔”概念被认为是面向流程的企业的数字化组织管理结构模型。结构模型是一个由已知的PDCA(计划-执行-检查-行动)管理循环管理的层次系统,每个管理者和更低(相邻)级别的直接下属管理者的内部和相互关联的功能,其目的是为直接下属的执行者提供管理决策。针对面向数字化流程的企业管理模型,建立了企业内部可能发生的事故和企业自动化管理系统数据库黑客扭曲模型。作者提出的“数字化企业信息安全”概念变体正是基于这两个模型的成分分析。
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引用次数: 0
The current state of application of internationally accepted terminology in the field of metrology in Ukraine 国际公认的术语在乌克兰计量领域的应用现状
Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.33955/v4(2022)-022
Y. Kuzmenko, O. Samoilenko, S. Tsiporenko
The article considers the current state of the practical use of the terms measurement standard (hereinafter standard), national standard, state standard, primary standard, and secondary standard in the internationally accepted interpretation. A comparative analysis was conducted and the main differences in the definitions of these terms before and after the entry into force of the latest version of the Law of Ukraine «On Metrology and Metrological Activity» were presented. Based on the example of the mass standard, it was revealed the meaning of the terms «primary standard» and «national prototype» and pointed out the main mistakes in their application. It was shown in the specific examples how fundamental the difference in definitions of the same terms can be in different terminology systems and how important it is to adhere to terminology in metrology. Examples of incorrect granting of the status of «primary standard» to some national standards of Ukraine are given.
本文考察了计量标准(以下简称标准)、国家标准、国家标准、一级标准、二级标准等术语在国际公认的解释中的实际使用现状。进行了比较分析,并介绍了乌克兰法律“计量和计量活动”最新版本生效之前和之后这些术语定义的主要差异。以质量标准为例,揭示了“初级标准”和“国家原型”的含义,指出了它们在应用中的主要错误。具体的例子表明,在不同的术语系统中,相同术语的定义有多么根本的差异,以及在计量中坚持使用术语是多么重要。给出了错误授予乌克兰一些国家标准“初级标准”地位的例子。
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引用次数: 0
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Measurements infrastructure
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