Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022023000501310
Juan Morales-Verdugo, José Antonio Lozano-Lozano, Francisco Pérez-Rojas, Guillermo Mendez-Rebolledo, Andrés Carreño-Vásquez
Although COVID-19 is primarily considered a respiratory pathology, it has been observed to impact other bodily systems, including the nervous system. While several studies have investigated anatomical changes in brain structures, such as volume or thickness post-COVID-19, there are no comprehensive reviews of these changes using imaging techniques for a holistic understanding. The aim of this study was to systematically analyze the literature on brain changes observed through neuroimaging after COVID-19. We conducted a systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines using Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, Pubmed, Sciencedirect, and LitCOVID. We selected studies that included adult patients during or after COVID-19 development, a control group or pre-infection images, and morphometric measurements using neuroimaging. We used the MSQ scale to extract information on sample characteristics, measured anatomical structures, imaging technique, main results, and methodological quality for each study. Out of 1126 identified articles, we included 19 in the review, encompassing 1155 cases and 1284 controls. The results of these studies indicated a lower volume of the olfactory bulb and variable increases or decreases in cortical and limbic structures' volumes and thicknesses. Studies suggest that brain changes occur post-COVID-19, primarily characterized by a smaller olfactory bulb. Additionally, there may be variations in cortical and limbic volumes and thicknesses due to inflammation or neuroplasticity, but these findings are not definitive. These differences may be attributed to methodological, geographical, and temporal variations between studies. Thus, additional studies are required to provide a more comprehensive and quantitative view of the evidence.
虽然COVID-19主要被认为是一种呼吸系统疾病，但人们已经观察到它会影响包括神经系统在内的其他身体系统。虽然有几项研究调查了covid -19后大脑结构的解剖变化，如体积或厚度，但没有使用成像技术对这些变化进行全面的回顾，以全面理解。本研究的目的是系统分析通过神经影像学观察到的COVID-19后大脑变化的文献。我们根据PRISMA指南使用Web of Science、Scopus、Medline、Pubmed、Sciencedirect和LitCOVID进行了系统评价。我们选择的研究包括COVID-19发展期间或之后的成年患者，对照组或感染前图像，以及使用神经影像学进行形态测量。我们使用MSQ量表提取每项研究的样本特征、测量的解剖结构、成像技术、主要结果和方法学质量等信息。在确定的1126篇文章中，我们纳入了19篇，包括1155例病例和1284例对照。这些研究结果表明，嗅球体积变小，皮质和边缘结构的体积和厚度增加或减少。研究表明，大脑会在covid -19后发生变化，主要特征是嗅球变小。此外，由于炎症或神经可塑性，皮质和边缘的体积和厚度可能会发生变化，但这些发现并不确定。这些差异可归因于研究之间的方法、地理和时间差异。因此，需要进行更多的研究，以对证据提供更全面和定量的看法。
{"title":"Structural Brain Alterations in Individuals Post-COVID-19: A Systematic Review","authors":"Juan Morales-Verdugo, José Antonio Lozano-Lozano, Francisco Pérez-Rojas, Guillermo Mendez-Rebolledo, Andrés Carreño-Vásquez","doi":"10.4067/s0717-95022023000501310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-95022023000501310","url":null,"abstract":"Although COVID-19 is primarily considered a respiratory pathology, it has been observed to impact other bodily systems, including the nervous system. While several studies have investigated anatomical changes in brain structures, such as volume or thickness post-COVID-19, there are no comprehensive reviews of these changes using imaging techniques for a holistic understanding. The aim of this study was to systematically analyze the literature on brain changes observed through neuroimaging after COVID-19. We conducted a systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines using Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, Pubmed, Sciencedirect, and LitCOVID. We selected studies that included adult patients during or after COVID-19 development, a control group or pre-infection images, and morphometric measurements using neuroimaging. We used the MSQ scale to extract information on sample characteristics, measured anatomical structures, imaging technique, main results, and methodological quality for each study. Out of 1126 identified articles, we included 19 in the review, encompassing 1155 cases and 1284 controls. The results of these studies indicated a lower volume of the olfactory bulb and variable increases or decreases in cortical and limbic structures' volumes and thicknesses. Studies suggest that brain changes occur post-COVID-19, primarily characterized by a smaller olfactory bulb. Additionally, there may be variations in cortical and limbic volumes and thicknesses due to inflammation or neuroplasticity, but these findings are not definitive. These differences may be attributed to methodological, geographical, and temporal variations between studies. Thus, additional studies are required to provide a more comprehensive and quantitative view of the evidence.","PeriodicalId":14023,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Morphology","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136127706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022023000501364
Marcelo Mancilla, Veronica Iturriaga, Javiera Muñoz, Hugo Landaeta, Nicol Velasquez, Thomas Bornhardt
.
{"title":"Characterization of Salivary Gland Pain: A Review of the Literature","authors":"Marcelo Mancilla, Veronica Iturriaga, Javiera Muñoz, Hugo Landaeta, Nicol Velasquez, Thomas Bornhardt","doi":"10.4067/s0717-95022023000501364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-95022023000501364","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":14023,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Morphology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136152107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
en los músculos depresor mandibular, preorbital medial, interbranquial y depresor hiomandibular. Este último músculo está formado por dos paquetes en D. ommata , en tanto que en N. vermiculatus por uno. Se puede concluir que la morfología de la musculatura cefálica es constante; sin embargo, se observan diferencias importantes en el grado de desarrollo de los músculos tanto en la región dorsal como en la ventral.
{"title":"Variación Morfológica en la Musculatura Cefálica de Diplobatis ommata y Narcine vermiculatus (Chondrychthyes: Narcinidae)","authors":"Mónica González-Isáis, Héctor Marcos Montes-Domínguez","doi":"10.4067/s0717-95022023000501304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-95022023000501304","url":null,"abstract":"en los músculos depresor mandibular, preorbital medial, interbranquial y depresor hiomandibular. Este último músculo está formado por dos paquetes en D. ommata , en tanto que en N. vermiculatus por uno. Se puede concluir que la morfología de la musculatura cefálica es constante; sin embargo, se observan diferencias importantes en el grado de desarrollo de los músculos tanto en la región dorsal como en la ventral.","PeriodicalId":14023,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Morphology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136152141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022023000501492
Ahmed Kamal Elbana
of
{"title":"Effect of Clomiphene Citrate on the Ultrastructure of Testis in Albino Rats","authors":"Ahmed Kamal Elbana","doi":"10.4067/s0717-95022023000501492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-95022023000501492","url":null,"abstract":"of","PeriodicalId":14023,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Morphology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136153713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022023000501550
Carlos Manterola, Josue Rivadeneira, Carla Salgado, Antonia Enríquez, Diego Lara
. Metástasis pancreática metacrónica de un carcinoma de células renales. Reporte de un caso. Int. J. Morphol., 41(5) :1550-1557, 2023
{"title":"Metástasis Pancreática Metacrónica de un Carcinoma de Células Renales. Reporte de un Caso","authors":"Carlos Manterola, Josue Rivadeneira, Carla Salgado, Antonia Enríquez, Diego Lara","doi":"10.4067/s0717-95022023000501550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-95022023000501550","url":null,"abstract":". Metástasis pancreática metacrónica de un carcinoma de células renales. Reporte de un caso. Int. J. Morphol., 41(5) :1550-1557, 2023","PeriodicalId":14023,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Morphology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136153905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022023000501480
María de los Milagros Corsiglia, Pablo Andrés Martinez-Hinojosa, Melanie Ayelén d´Annibale, Camila Belén Gonzalez, Facundo Joaquín Firpo, Vinicius Ferrari, Esteban Daniel Blasi, Sergio Alberto Shinzato, Vicente Hugo Bertone
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022023000501564
Raif Zileli, Mehmet Söyler, Gürkan Diker, Hüseyin Özkamçı, Serdar Bayrakdaroglu, Mehmet Onur Sever, Ibrahim Can, Sadi Ön, Beste Tacal Aslan, Korkut Ulucan, Tolga Polat, Özlem Özge Yılmaz
The purpose of this study was to reveal the differences between ACTN3 genotype (RR, RX, XX) and aerobic performance [Yo-Yo IRT1 (m), VO2 max (ml/kg/min)] in professional and regional amateur league soccer players and to reveal which of these parameters was a distinctive factor in these athletes.71 professional soccer players (age: 23.66 ± 4.11 years; body height: 1.79 ± 6.99 m; body weight: 76.02 ± 6.76 kg; body fat: 11.59±3.11 %) and 62 regional amateur soccer players (age: 23.63 ±3.77 years; body height: 1.81 ± 5.77 m; body weight: 76.36 ± 7.53 kg; body fat: 15.60±4.65 %) volunteered for the study. After DNA extraction from buccal epithelial cells via a commercial kit was performed for the genetic background of the athletes, Real-Time PCR was carried out for genotyping. Furthermore, Yo-Yo IRT1 test was performed to determine the aerobic performance of the soccer players. SPSS 23 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) package program was used for the statistical analysis of the data obtained in the tests. Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and Levene's test for homogeneity of variance were performed. Chi-Square, Independent Sample T Test and One Way ANOVA test were used in the analysis of the parameters. Statistical significance was set as p<0.05. In the study, there found no meaningful statistical significance in terms of the rs1815739 polymorphism in the ACTN3 gene between the groups (p>0.05); however, there was a statistical significance in favor of professional soccer players in terms of aerobic parameters (p<0.05). Consequently, it can be said that aerobic performance is the distinguishing factor, not the ACTN3 gene, in soccer players.
{"title":"The Distinguishing Factor in Soccer Players is Aerobic Performance, not the ACTN3 Gene","authors":"Raif Zileli, Mehmet Söyler, Gürkan Diker, Hüseyin Özkamçı, Serdar Bayrakdaroglu, Mehmet Onur Sever, Ibrahim Can, Sadi Ön, Beste Tacal Aslan, Korkut Ulucan, Tolga Polat, Özlem Özge Yılmaz","doi":"10.4067/s0717-95022023000501564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-95022023000501564","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to reveal the differences between ACTN3 genotype (RR, RX, XX) and aerobic performance [Yo-Yo IRT1 (m), VO2 max (ml/kg/min)] in professional and regional amateur league soccer players and to reveal which of these parameters was a distinctive factor in these athletes.71 professional soccer players (age: 23.66 ± 4.11 years; body height: 1.79 ± 6.99 m; body weight: 76.02 ± 6.76 kg; body fat: 11.59±3.11 %) and 62 regional amateur soccer players (age: 23.63 ±3.77 years; body height: 1.81 ± 5.77 m; body weight: 76.36 ± 7.53 kg; body fat: 15.60±4.65 %) volunteered for the study. After DNA extraction from buccal epithelial cells via a commercial kit was performed for the genetic background of the athletes, Real-Time PCR was carried out for genotyping. Furthermore, Yo-Yo IRT1 test was performed to determine the aerobic performance of the soccer players. SPSS 23 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) package program was used for the statistical analysis of the data obtained in the tests. Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and Levene's test for homogeneity of variance were performed. Chi-Square, Independent Sample T Test and One Way ANOVA test were used in the analysis of the parameters. Statistical significance was set as p<0.05. In the study, there found no meaningful statistical significance in terms of the rs1815739 polymorphism in the ACTN3 gene between the groups (p>0.05); however, there was a statistical significance in favor of professional soccer players in terms of aerobic parameters (p<0.05). Consequently, it can be said that aerobic performance is the distinguishing factor, not the ACTN3 gene, in soccer players.","PeriodicalId":14023,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Morphology","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136161245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022023000501575
Marcelo Parra, Luis Araneda, Héctor Torres, Sergio Olate
Subjects with maxillary skeletal classes II and III not only express alterations in the hard and soft maxillofacial tissues, but also in the morphology and dimensions of the upper airway. A small space in the upper airway has been associated with sleep disorders, such as snoring and mainly obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Consequently, interest has increased due to the influence of orthognathic surgery in the airway space. Although there are studies in the literature that have compared upper airway spaces, most have evaluated the changes using two-dimensional images, mainly lateral skull X-rays. The present study aimed to determine the airway volume in subjects with skeletal classes II and III who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. 80 CBCT exams from 40 subjects obtained before and 6 months after surgery were used. There were 20 class II and 20 class III subjects. For the volumetric analysis, a 3D rendering of the upper airway was made in previously established segments, and then the airway volume was calculated using the 3D Slicer® software version 4.11 (Slicer, USA). The statistical analysis by t-test of related samples revealed statistically significant volumetric increases in the nasopharynx, laryngopharynx, and total volume in class II patients. However, in class III patients, there were significant increases in the nasopharynx and total volume, while the volume was maintained in the oropharynx and laryngopharynx.
{"title":"Effect of Bimaxillary Orthognathic Surgery on Pharyngeal Airway Volume","authors":"Marcelo Parra, Luis Araneda, Héctor Torres, Sergio Olate","doi":"10.4067/s0717-95022023000501575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-95022023000501575","url":null,"abstract":"Subjects with maxillary skeletal classes II and III not only express alterations in the hard and soft maxillofacial tissues, but also in the morphology and dimensions of the upper airway. A small space in the upper airway has been associated with sleep disorders, such as snoring and mainly obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Consequently, interest has increased due to the influence of orthognathic surgery in the airway space. Although there are studies in the literature that have compared upper airway spaces, most have evaluated the changes using two-dimensional images, mainly lateral skull X-rays. The present study aimed to determine the airway volume in subjects with skeletal classes II and III who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. 80 CBCT exams from 40 subjects obtained before and 6 months after surgery were used. There were 20 class II and 20 class III subjects. For the volumetric analysis, a 3D rendering of the upper airway was made in previously established segments, and then the airway volume was calculated using the 3D Slicer® software version 4.11 (Slicer, USA). The statistical analysis by t-test of related samples revealed statistically significant volumetric increases in the nasopharynx, laryngopharynx, and total volume in class II patients. However, in class III patients, there were significant increases in the nasopharynx and total volume, while the volume was maintained in the oropharynx and laryngopharynx.","PeriodicalId":14023,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Morphology","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136127505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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