Pub Date : 2024-05-19eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.7150/ijms.94592
Na Che, Yang Zhang, Shu Zhang, Xiangxi Kong, Ying Zhang, Shukun Wang, Zengqiang Yuan, Yajin Liao
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory intestinal disease, characterized by dysregulated immune response. HDAC3 is reported to be an epigenetic brake in inflammation, playing critical roles in macrophages. However, its role in IBD is unclear. In our study, we found HDAC3 was upregulated in CX3CR1-positive cells in the mucosa from IBD mice. Conditional knockout (cKO) of Hdac3 in CX3CR1 positive cells attenuated the disease severity of Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. In addition, inhibition of HDAC3 with RGFP966 could also alleviate the DSS-induced tissue injury and inflammation in IBD. The RNA sequencing results revealed that Hdac3 cKO restrained DSS-induced upregulation of genes in the pathways of cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, complement and coagulation cascades, chemokine signaling, and extracellular matrix receptor interaction. We also identified that Guanylate-Binding Protein 5 (GBP5) was transcriptionally regulated by HDAC3 in monocytes by RNA sequencing. Inhibition of HDAC3 resulted in decreased transcriptional activity of interferon-gamma-induced expression of GBP5 in CX3CR1-positive cells, such as macrophages and microglia. Overexpression of HDAC3 upregulated the transcriptional activity of GBP5 reporter. Lastly, conditional knockout of Hdac3 in macrophages (Hdac3 mKO) attenuated the disease severity of DSS-induced colitis. In conclusion, inhibition of HDAC3 in macrophages could ameliorate the disease severity and inflammatory response in colitis by regulating GBP5-NLRP3 axis, identifying a new therapeutic avenue for the treatment of colitis.
{"title":"Macrophagic HDAC3 inhibition ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium induced inflammatory bowel disease through GBP5-NLRP3 pathway.","authors":"Na Che, Yang Zhang, Shu Zhang, Xiangxi Kong, Ying Zhang, Shukun Wang, Zengqiang Yuan, Yajin Liao","doi":"10.7150/ijms.94592","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ijms.94592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory intestinal disease, characterized by dysregulated immune response. HDAC3 is reported to be an epigenetic brake in inflammation, playing critical roles in macrophages. However, its role in IBD is unclear. In our study, we found HDAC3 was upregulated in CX3CR1-positive cells in the mucosa from IBD mice. Conditional knockout (cKO) of Hdac3 in CX3CR1 positive cells attenuated the disease severity of Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. In addition, inhibition of HDAC3 with RGFP966 could also alleviate the DSS-induced tissue injury and inflammation in IBD. The RNA sequencing results revealed that Hdac3 cKO restrained DSS-induced upregulation of genes in the pathways of cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, complement and coagulation cascades, chemokine signaling, and extracellular matrix receptor interaction. We also identified that Guanylate-Binding Protein 5 (GBP5) was transcriptionally regulated by HDAC3 in monocytes by RNA sequencing. Inhibition of HDAC3 resulted in decreased transcriptional activity of interferon-gamma-induced expression of GBP5 in CX3CR1-positive cells, such as macrophages and microglia. Overexpression of HDAC3 upregulated the transcriptional activity of GBP5 reporter. Lastly, conditional knockout of Hdac3 in macrophages (Hdac3 mKO) attenuated the disease severity of DSS-induced colitis. In conclusion, inhibition of HDAC3 in macrophages could ameliorate the disease severity and inflammatory response in colitis by regulating GBP5-NLRP3 axis, identifying a new therapeutic avenue for the treatment of colitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11186415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141431915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-19eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.7150/ijms.94052
Yiyao Li, Jianian Yang, Peijun Xue, Ting Zhang, Xuefeng Sun, Min Peng, Juhong Shi
Background: Hemoptysis is prevalent in acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and significantly influences clinical decision-making. Despite the increasing reports of PE in patients with autoimmune diseases, limited studies have investigated the association between acute PE with hemoptysis and autoimmune disease. Methods: The retrospective study aimed to investigate patients with autoimmune disease who presented with acute PE and hemoptysis at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) between January 2012 and October 2020. A comparative analysis was conducted between patients with and without hemoptysis, as well as between those with autoimmune diseases and those without. Clinical characteristics, PE severity stratification, the amount of hemoptysis, initial anticoagulation management, and prognosis were analyzed descriptively. Results: The study analyzed 896 patients diagnosed with acute PE, of whom 105 (11.7%) presented with hemoptysis. Hemoptysis in PE patients was frequently associated with autoimmune diseases (39%, 41/105), a younger patient population (42.0 vs. 52.7 years old, P =0.002), and a higher prevalence of low-risk PE (53.7 vs. 28.1, P=0.008) compared with non-autoimmune disease patients. Multivariate logistic analysis showed PE patients with primary or metastatic lung cancer, chest pain, age < 48 years old, chronic heart failure, autoimmune disease, pulmonary infection and male were more likely to develop hemoptysis. Patients were grouped based on maximum daily sputum blood volume and PE risk stratification. Most patients (73.2%) received therapeutic-dose anticoagulation. Poor prognosis is observed in patients with moderate to massive hemoptysis and intermediate-high-risk or high-risk PE. Conclusions: Hemoptysis is a relatively common manifestation in patients with PE, and its presence during the diagnostic workup of acute PE necessitates careful analysis of underlying comorbidities. In cases where hemoptysis occurs in individuals with autoimmune diseases in the context of PE, proactive management strategies targeting the primary disease are crucial. Therapeutic decisions should consider both PE severity stratification and the volume of hemoptysis.
背景:咯血在急性肺栓塞(PE)中很常见,并严重影响临床决策。尽管有关自身免疫性疾病患者发生 PE 的报道越来越多,但有关急性 PE 咯血与自身免疫性疾病之间关系的研究却很有限。研究方法该回顾性研究旨在调查 2012 年 1 月至 2020 年 10 月期间在北京协和医院就诊的急性 PE 并咯血的自身免疫性疾病患者。该研究对有咯血和无咯血的患者进行了比较分析,对有自身免疫性疾病和无自身免疫性疾病的患者进行了比较分析。对临床特征、PE严重程度分层、咯血量、初始抗凝管理和预后进行了描述性分析。研究结果研究分析了 896 名确诊为急性 PE 的患者,其中 105 人(11.7%)出现咯血。与非自身免疫性疾病患者相比,PE 患者咯血常与自身免疫性疾病(39%,41/105)、患者年龄较小(42.0 岁对 52.7 岁,P=0.002)和低风险 PE 患病率较高(53.7 对 28.1,P=0.008)有关。多变量逻辑分析显示,患有原发性或转移性肺癌、胸痛、年龄小于 48 岁、慢性心力衰竭、自身免疫性疾病、肺部感染和男性的 PE 患者更容易发生咯血。根据每日最大痰血量和 PE 风险分层对患者进行分组。大多数患者(73.2%)接受了治疗剂量的抗凝治疗。中度至大量咯血、中高危或高危 PE 患者的预后较差。结论:咯血是 PE 患者比较常见的一种表现,在急性 PE 的诊断过程中出现咯血必须仔细分析潜在的合并症。如果自身免疫性疾病患者在发生 PE 时出现咯血,针对原发疾病的积极治疗策略至关重要。治疗决策应同时考虑 PE 严重程度分层和咯血量。
{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Acute Pulmonary Embolism with Hemoptysis in Autoimmune Disease Patients.","authors":"Yiyao Li, Jianian Yang, Peijun Xue, Ting Zhang, Xuefeng Sun, Min Peng, Juhong Shi","doi":"10.7150/ijms.94052","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ijms.94052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Hemoptysis is prevalent in acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and significantly influences clinical decision-making. Despite the increasing reports of PE in patients with autoimmune diseases, limited studies have investigated the association between acute PE with hemoptysis and autoimmune disease. <b>Methods:</b> The retrospective study aimed to investigate patients with autoimmune disease who presented with acute PE and hemoptysis at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) between January 2012 and October 2020. A comparative analysis was conducted between patients with and without hemoptysis, as well as between those with autoimmune diseases and those without. Clinical characteristics, PE severity stratification, the amount of hemoptysis, initial anticoagulation management, and prognosis were analyzed descriptively. <b>Results:</b> The study analyzed 896 patients diagnosed with acute PE, of whom 105 (11.7%) presented with hemoptysis. Hemoptysis in PE patients was frequently associated with autoimmune diseases (39%, 41/105), a younger patient population (42.0 vs. 52.7 years old, <i>P</i> =0.002), and a higher prevalence of low-risk PE (53.7 vs. 28.1, <i>P</i>=0.008) compared with non-autoimmune disease patients. Multivariate logistic analysis showed PE patients with primary or metastatic lung cancer, chest pain, age < 48 years old, chronic heart failure, autoimmune disease, pulmonary infection and male were more likely to develop hemoptysis. Patients were grouped based on maximum daily sputum blood volume and PE risk stratification. Most patients (73.2%) received therapeutic-dose anticoagulation. Poor prognosis is observed in patients with moderate to massive hemoptysis and intermediate-high-risk or high-risk PE. <b>Conclusions:</b> Hemoptysis is a relatively common manifestation in patients with PE, and its presence during the diagnostic workup of acute PE necessitates careful analysis of underlying comorbidities. In cases where hemoptysis occurs in individuals with autoimmune diseases in the context of PE, proactive management strategies targeting the primary disease are crucial. Therapeutic decisions should consider both PE severity stratification and the volume of hemoptysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11186428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141431907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Predicting fall injuries can mitigate the sequelae of falls and potentially utilize medical resources effectively. This study aimed to externally validate the accuracy of the Saga Fall Injury Risk Model (SFIRM), consisting of six factors including age, sex, emergency transport, medical referral letter, Bedriddenness Rank, and history of falls, assessed upon admission. Methods: This was a two-center, prospective, observational study. We included inpatients aged 20 years or older in two hospitals, an acute and a chronic care hospital, from October 2018 to September 2019. The predictive performance of the model was evaluated by calculating the area under the curve (AUC), 95% confidence interval (CI), and shrinkage coefficient of the entire study population. The minimum sample size of this study was 2,235 cases. Results: A total of 3,549 patients, with a median age of 78 years, were included in the analysis, and men accounted for 47.9% of all the patients. Among these, 35 (0.99%) had fall injuries. The performance of the SFIRM, as measured by the AUC, was 0.721 (95% CI: 0.662-0.781). The observed fall incidence closely aligned with the predicted incidence calculated using the SFIRM, with a shrinkage coefficient of 0.867. Conclusions: The external validation of the SFIRM in this two-center, prospective study showed good discrimination and calibration. This model can be easily applied upon admission and is valuable for fall injury prediction.
{"title":"Validation of the Saga Fall Injury Risk Model.","authors":"Risa Hirata, Naoko E Katsuki, Shizuka Yaita, Eiji Nakatani, Hitomi Shimada, Yoshimasa Oda, Midori Tokushima, Hidetoshi Aihara, Motoshi Fujiwara, Masaki Tago","doi":"10.7150/ijms.92837","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ijms.92837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Predicting fall injuries can mitigate the sequelae of falls and potentially utilize medical resources effectively. This study aimed to externally validate the accuracy of the Saga Fall Injury Risk Model (SFIRM), consisting of six factors including age, sex, emergency transport, medical referral letter, Bedriddenness Rank, and history of falls, assessed upon admission. <b>Methods:</b> This was a two-center, prospective, observational study. We included inpatients aged 20 years or older in two hospitals, an acute and a chronic care hospital, from October 2018 to September 2019. The predictive performance of the model was evaluated by calculating the area under the curve (AUC), 95% confidence interval (CI), and shrinkage coefficient of the entire study population. The minimum sample size of this study was 2,235 cases. <b>Results:</b> A total of 3,549 patients, with a median age of 78 years, were included in the analysis, and men accounted for 47.9% of all the patients. Among these, 35 (0.99%) had fall injuries. The performance of the SFIRM, as measured by the AUC, was 0.721 (95% CI: 0.662-0.781). The observed fall incidence closely aligned with the predicted incidence calculated using the SFIRM, with a shrinkage coefficient of 0.867. <b>Conclusions:</b> The external validation of the SFIRM in this two-center, prospective study showed good discrimination and calibration. This model can be easily applied upon admission and is valuable for fall injury prediction.</p>","PeriodicalId":14031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11186423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141431933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in myopic control effects between orthokeratology (OK) contact lenses and defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses./nMethods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted that included patients who had received OK lens, DIMS spectacle lens or single-vision spectacle treatments. A total of 54 eyes from 27 individuals, 38 eyes from 19 individuals and 42 eyes from 21 individuals were enrolled into the OK lens, DIMS and control groups, respectively. The primary outcomes were the changes in the spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and axial length (AXL) among the groups. A repeated-measure ANCOVA was adopted to calculate the SER progression and AXL elongation of the OK lens group compared with the DIMS group./nResults: The difference in the SER progression was clinically non-significant in the OK lens group compared with the DIMS and control groups (P = 0.001). The total AXL elongation results were similar between the OK lens and DIMS groups, but these were lower than in the control group (P = 0.005). The repeated-measure ANCOVA revealed that the SER progression difference during the study interval was clinically non-significant in the OK lens group when compared with the DIMS group (P = 0.028). The AXL elongation results between the OK lens and DIMS populations did not illustrate a significant difference (P = 0.607). In a subgroup analysis of moderate astigmatism, better AXL control was observed in the DIMS subgroup compared with the OK lens subgroup (P = 0.016)./nConclusions: The OK lens demonstrated a clinically non-significant effect on the SER and AXL controls compared with the DIMS spectacle lens.
目的:本研究的目的是比较正角膜接触镜(OK)和散焦多片式眼镜片(DIMS)在近视控制效果上的差异:进行了一项回顾性队列研究,研究对象包括接受过 OK 镜片、DIMS 镜片或单光眼镜治疗的患者。共有 27 人的 54 只眼睛、19 人的 38 只眼睛和 21 人的 42 只眼睛分别被纳入 OK 镜片组、DIMS 镜片组和对照组。主要结果是各组之间球面等效屈光度(SER)和轴向长度(AXL)的变化。采用重复测量方差分析计算 OK 镜片组与 DIMS 组相比的球面等效屈光度(SER)和轴向长度(AXL)的变化:与 DIMS 组和对照组相比,OK镜片组的 SER 进展差异无临床意义(P = 0.001)。OK 镜片组和 DIMS 组的 AXL 总伸长率结果相似,但低于对照组(P = 0.005)。重复测量方差分析显示,与 DIMS 组相比,OK镜片组在研究间隔期间的 SER 进展差异无临床意义(P = 0.028)。OK 镜片组和 DIMS 组之间的 AXL 拉长结果没有显著差异(P = 0.607)。在中度散光亚组分析中,与 OK 镜片亚组相比,DIMS 亚组的 AXL 控制更好(P = 0.016):与 DIMS 镜片相比,OK 镜片对 SER 和 AXL 控制的临床效果不显著。
{"title":"Comparison of myopic control between orthokeratology contact lenses and defocus incorporated multiple segments spectacle lenses","authors":"Chia-Yi Lee, MD, Shun-Fa Yang, PhD, Yu-Ling Chang, MD, Jing-Yang Huang, PhD, Ie-Bin Lian, Chao-Kai Chang, MD, PhD","doi":"10.7150/ijms.93643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.93643","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Purpose:</b> The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in myopic control effects between orthokeratology (OK) contact lenses and defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses./n<b>Methods:</b> A retrospective cohort study was conducted that included patients who had received OK lens, DIMS spectacle lens or single-vision spectacle treatments. A total of 54 eyes from 27 individuals, 38 eyes from 19 individuals and 42 eyes from 21 individuals were enrolled into the OK lens, DIMS and control groups, respectively. The primary outcomes were the changes in the spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and axial length (AXL) among the groups. A repeated-measure ANCOVA was adopted to calculate the SER progression and AXL elongation of the OK lens group compared with the DIMS group./n<b>Results:</b> The difference in the SER progression was clinically non-significant in the OK lens group compared with the DIMS and control groups (P = 0.001). The total AXL elongation results were similar between the OK lens and DIMS groups, but these were lower than in the control group (P = 0.005). The repeated-measure ANCOVA revealed that the SER progression difference during the study interval was clinically non-significant in the OK lens group when compared with the DIMS group (P = 0.028). The AXL elongation results between the OK lens and DIMS populations did not illustrate a significant difference (P = 0.607). In a subgroup analysis of moderate astigmatism, better AXL control was observed in the DIMS subgroup compared with the OK lens subgroup (P = 0.016)./n<b>Conclusions:</b> The OK lens demonstrated a clinically non-significant effect on the SER and AXL controls compared with the DIMS spectacle lens.","PeriodicalId":14031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141147835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Interleukin-25 (IL-25) has been proved to play a role in the pathogenesis and metastasis of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the relationship between the level of IL-25 and the metastasis and prognosis of HCC is still not clear. This study aimed to investigate the expression of IL-25 and other potential biochemical indicators among healthy people, HBV-associated HCC patients without lung metastasis and HBV-associated HCC patients with lung metastasis./nMethods: From September 2019 to November 2021, 33 HCC patients without lung metastasis, 37 HCC patients with lung metastasis and 29 healthy controls were included in the study. IL-25 and other commonly used biochemical markers were measured to establish predictors of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) after treatment./nResults: The serum level of IL-25 was increased in HCC patients than healthy controls (p < 0.001) and HCC patients with lung metastasis had higher IL-25 level than HCC patients without metastasis (p = 0.035). Lung metastasis also indicated higher death rate (p < 0.001) by chi-square test, higher GGT level (p = 0.024) and higher AFP level (p = 0.049) by non-parametric test. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that IL-25 was negatively associated with PFS (p = 0.024). Multivariate Cox-regression analysis indicated IL-25 (p = 0.030) and GGT (p = 0.020) to be independent predictors of poorer PFS, while IL-25 showed no significant association with OS./nConclusion: The level of IL-25 was significantly associated with disease progression and lung metastasis of HBV-associated HCC. The high expression of IL-25 predicted high recurrence rate and death probability of HCC patients after treatment. Therefore, IL-25 may be an effective predictor of prognosis in HCC.
{"title":"Interleukin-25 as a Potential Biomarker in Lung Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with HBV History in Chinese Patients: A Single Center, Case-control Study","authors":"Yuan Liao, Yixin Xu, Ziying Mo, Tianyi Zhu, Huimin Dong, Wenying Zhou, Qing Xia","doi":"10.7150/ijms.90642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.90642","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Background:</b> Interleukin-25 (IL-25) has been proved to play a role in the pathogenesis and metastasis of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the relationship between the level of IL-25 and the metastasis and prognosis of HCC is still not clear. This study aimed to investigate the expression of IL-25 and other potential biochemical indicators among healthy people, HBV-associated HCC patients without lung metastasis and HBV-associated HCC patients with lung metastasis./n<b>Methods:</b> From September 2019 to November 2021, 33 HCC patients without lung metastasis, 37 HCC patients with lung metastasis and 29 healthy controls were included in the study. IL-25 and other commonly used biochemical markers were measured to establish predictors of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) after treatment./n<b>Results:</b> The serum level of IL-25 was increased in HCC patients than healthy controls (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and HCC patients with lung metastasis had higher IL-25 level than HCC patients without metastasis (<i>p</i> = 0.035). Lung metastasis also indicated higher death rate (<i>p</i> < 0.001) by chi-square test, higher GGT level (<i>p</i> = 0.024) and higher AFP level (<i>p</i> = 0.049) by non-parametric test. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that IL-25 was negatively associated with PFS (<i>p</i> = 0.024). Multivariate Cox-regression analysis indicated IL-25 (<i>p</i> = 0.030) and GGT (<i>p</i> = 0.020) to be independent predictors of poorer PFS, while IL-25 showed no significant association with OS./n<b>Conclusion:</b> The level of IL-25 was significantly associated with disease progression and lung metastasis of HBV-associated HCC. The high expression of IL-25 predicted high recurrence rate and death probability of HCC patients after treatment. Therefore, IL-25 may be an effective predictor of prognosis in HCC.","PeriodicalId":14031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141147880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yang Liu, Tianci Xiao, Zili Wang, Yangbin Ou, Ying Tan, Liting Chen, Na Zhou, Rongjun Zou
This study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms and associated pathways of myocardial infarction (MI). We employed a variety of analytical methods, including Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis, transcriptome microarray data analysis, gene function and pathway enrichment analysis, untargeted metabolomic mass spectrometry analysis, and gene-metabolite interaction network analysis. The MR analysis results revealed a significant impact of mitochondrial DNA copy number on MI and coronary artery bypass grafting. Transcriptome analysis unveiled numerous differentially expressed genes associated with myocardial ischemia, with enrichment observed in cardiac function and energy metabolism pathways. Metabolomic analysis indicated a significant downregulation of mitochondrial regulation pathways in ischemic myocardium. T500 metabolite quantification analysis identified 90 differential metabolites between MI and Sham groups, emphasizing changes in metabolites associated with energy metabolism. Gene-metabolite interaction network analysis revealed the significant roles of key regulatory molecules such as HIF1A, adenosine, TBK1, ATP, NRAS, and EIF2AK3, in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia. In summary, this study provides important insights into the molecular mechanisms of MI and highlights interactions at multiple molecular levels, contributing to the establishment of new theoretical foundations for the diagnosis and treatment of MI.
{"title":"A circular network of adenosine-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction as coregulators of acute myocardial infarction","authors":"Yang Liu, Tianci Xiao, Zili Wang, Yangbin Ou, Ying Tan, Liting Chen, Na Zhou, Rongjun Zou","doi":"10.7150/ijms.97066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.97066","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms and associated pathways of myocardial infarction (MI). We employed a variety of analytical methods, including Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis, transcriptome microarray data analysis, gene function and pathway enrichment analysis, untargeted metabolomic mass spectrometry analysis, and gene-metabolite interaction network analysis. The MR analysis results revealed a significant impact of mitochondrial DNA copy number on MI and coronary artery bypass grafting. Transcriptome analysis unveiled numerous differentially expressed genes associated with myocardial ischemia, with enrichment observed in cardiac function and energy metabolism pathways. Metabolomic analysis indicated a significant downregulation of mitochondrial regulation pathways in ischemic myocardium. T500 metabolite quantification analysis identified 90 differential metabolites between MI and Sham groups, emphasizing changes in metabolites associated with energy metabolism. Gene-metabolite interaction network analysis revealed the significant roles of key regulatory molecules such as HIF1A, adenosine, TBK1, ATP, NRAS, and EIF2AK3, in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia. In summary, this study provides important insights into the molecular mechanisms of MI and highlights interactions at multiple molecular levels, contributing to the establishment of new theoretical foundations for the diagnosis and treatment of MI.","PeriodicalId":14031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141147834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-19eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.7150/ijms.96395
Jinxi Wang, Xingwen Da, Yifei Chen, Ancai Yuan, Jun Pu
Glutamine (Gln), known as the most abundant free amino acid, is widely spread in human body. In this study, we demonstrated the protective effects of glutamine against mouse abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) induced by both angiotensin II (AngII) and calcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2) in vivo, which was characterized with lower incidence of mouse AAA. Moreover, histomorphological staining visually presented more intact elastic fiber and less collagen deposition in abdominal aortas of mice treated by glutamine. Further, we found glutamine inhibited the excessive production of reactive oxide species (ROS), activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), M1 macrophage activation, and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in suprarenal abdominal aortas of mice, what's more, the high expressions of MMP-2 protein, MMP-9 protein, pro-apoptotic proteins, and IL-6 as well as TNF-α in protein and mRNA levels in cells treated by AngII were down-regulated by glutamine. Collectively, these results revealed that glutamine protected against mouse AAA through inhibiting apoptosis of VSMCs, M1 macrophage activation, oxidative stress, and extracellular matrix degradation.
{"title":"Glutamine Protects against Mouse Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm through Modulating VSMC Apoptosis and M1 Macrophage Activation.","authors":"Jinxi Wang, Xingwen Da, Yifei Chen, Ancai Yuan, Jun Pu","doi":"10.7150/ijms.96395","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ijms.96395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glutamine (Gln), known as the most abundant free amino acid, is widely spread in human body. In this study, we demonstrated the protective effects of glutamine against mouse abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) induced by both angiotensin II (AngII) and calcium phosphate (Ca<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>) <i>in vivo</i>, which was characterized with lower incidence of mouse AAA. Moreover, histomorphological staining visually presented more intact elastic fiber and less collagen deposition in abdominal aortas of mice treated by glutamine. Further, we found glutamine inhibited the excessive production of reactive oxide species (ROS), activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), M1 macrophage activation, and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in suprarenal abdominal aortas of mice, what's more, the high expressions of MMP-2 protein, MMP-9 protein, pro-apoptotic proteins, and IL-6 as well as TNF-α in protein and mRNA levels in cells treated by AngII were down-regulated by glutamine. Collectively, these results revealed that glutamine protected against mouse AAA through inhibiting apoptosis of VSMCs, M1 macrophage activation, oxidative stress, and extracellular matrix degradation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11186418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141431912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor is an anti-glycemic agent that frequently used in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with antioxidant effects. Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common gynecological malignancy that correlates with oxidative stress. The aim in the present study is to survey the potential association between the SGLT2 inhibitor administration and the incidence of EC by the application of the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. A retrospective cohort study was directed and the T2DM participants were divided into the SGLT2 inhibitors users and non-SGLT2 inhibitors users. After matching, a total of 163,668 and 327,336 participants were included into the SGLT2 inhibitors and control groups, respectively. The primary outcome is regarded as the development of EC according to the diagnostic, image, and procedure codes. Cox proportional hazard regression was employed to generate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of EC between the two groups. There were 422 and 876 EC events observed in the SGLT2 inhibitors and control groups, respectively. The SGLT2 inhibitors group demonstrated a significantly lower incidence of EC formation compared to the control groups (aHR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.76-0.99). In the subgroup analysis, the correlation between SGLT2 inhibitor administration and lower rate of EC existed in the T2DM individuals with aged under 60. Moreover, the association between SGLT2 inhibitor administration and lower EC incidence only presented in the T2DM population with SGLT2 inhibitor administration under one year (aHR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.45-0.73). In conclusion, the administration of SGLT2 inhibitors correlates to lower incidence of EC in T2DM population.
{"title":"The lower incidence of endometrial cancer after sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors administration in type 2 diabetes mellitus population: a nationwide cohort study.","authors":"Po-Jen Yang, Po-Hui Wang, Jing-Yang Huang, Chia-Yi Lee, Chiao-Wen Lin, Chung-Yuan Lee, Shun-Fa Yang","doi":"10.7150/ijms.95584","DOIUrl":"10.7150/ijms.95584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor is an anti-glycemic agent that frequently used in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with antioxidant effects. Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common gynecological malignancy that correlates with oxidative stress. The aim in the present study is to survey the potential association between the SGLT2 inhibitor administration and the incidence of EC by the application of the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. A retrospective cohort study was directed and the T2DM participants were divided into the SGLT2 inhibitors users and non-SGLT2 inhibitors users. After matching, a total of 163,668 and 327,336 participants were included into the SGLT2 inhibitors and control groups, respectively. The primary outcome is regarded as the development of EC according to the diagnostic, image, and procedure codes. Cox proportional hazard regression was employed to generate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of EC between the two groups. There were 422 and 876 EC events observed in the SGLT2 inhibitors and control groups, respectively. The SGLT2 inhibitors group demonstrated a significantly lower incidence of EC formation compared to the control groups (aHR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.76-0.99). In the subgroup analysis, the correlation between SGLT2 inhibitor administration and lower rate of EC existed in the T2DM individuals with aged under 60. Moreover, the association between SGLT2 inhibitor administration and lower EC incidence only presented in the T2DM population with SGLT2 inhibitor administration under one year (aHR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.45-0.73). In conclusion, the administration of SGLT2 inhibitors correlates to lower incidence of EC in T2DM population.</p>","PeriodicalId":14031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11186417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141431932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yujun Xiong, Huazhao Xu, Xingyun Zhu, Zitian Zheng, Qingfeng Luo
Background: Limited research has examined the association between Oxidative Balance Score (OBS) and mortality, particularly in individuals with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. This study investigates the correlation between OBS and H. pylori infection and their impacts on all-cause mortality within a cohort of individuals, considering both infected and uninfected individuals./nMethods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018, comprising 4,532 participants, were analyzed. Logistic regression analyses assessed the relationship between H. pylori infection and relevant covariates. Cox regression and restricted cubic spline analysis evaluated the association between total OBS, lifestyle OBS, dietary OBS, and all-cause mortality in H. pylori-positive and -negative individuals./nResults: Restricted cubic spline modeling revealed a linear relationship between total OBS and all-cause mortality, particularly in H. pylori-negative patients. Total OBS, dietary OBS, and lifestyle OBS inversely correlated with H. pylori infection, even after adjusting for confounders. Higher dietary OBS was associated with decreased mortality risk exclusively in H. pylori-positive individuals, while lifestyle OBS was associated with mortality only in H. pylori-negative individuals. These findings underscore the complex relationships between OBS, H. pylori infection, and mortality, stressing the importance of infection status in assessing oxidative balance's impact on health./nConclusion: In this sample, higher OBS was associated with lower H. pylori infection risks. Dietary OBS correlated significantly with all-cause mortality in H. pylori-positive individuals, while lifestyle OBS was notably associated with mortality in H. pylori-negative participants. Further research is necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and clinical implications of these findings.
{"title":"Association of oxidative balance score with helicobacter pylori infection and mortality in the US population","authors":"Yujun Xiong, Huazhao Xu, Xingyun Zhu, Zitian Zheng, Qingfeng Luo","doi":"10.7150/ijms.95292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.95292","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Background:</b> Limited research has examined the association between Oxidative Balance Score (OBS) and mortality, particularly in individuals with <i>Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)</i> infection. This study investigates the correlation between OBS and <i>H. pylori</i> infection and their impacts on all-cause mortality within a cohort of individuals, considering both infected and uninfected individuals./n<b>Methods:</b> Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018, comprising 4,532 participants, were analyzed. Logistic regression analyses assessed the relationship between <i>H. pylori</i> infection and relevant covariates. Cox regression and restricted cubic spline analysis evaluated the association between total OBS, lifestyle OBS, dietary OBS, and all-cause mortality in <i>H. pylori</i>-positive and -negative individuals./n<b>Results:</b> Restricted cubic spline modeling revealed a linear relationship between total OBS and all-cause mortality, particularly in <i>H. pylori</i>-negative patients. Total OBS, dietary OBS, and lifestyle OBS inversely correlated with <i>H. pylori</i> infection, even after adjusting for confounders. Higher dietary OBS was associated with decreased mortality risk exclusively in <i>H. pylori</i>-positive individuals, while lifestyle OBS was associated with mortality only in <i>H. pylori</i>-negative individuals. These findings underscore the complex relationships between OBS, <i>H. pylori</i> infection, and mortality, stressing the importance of infection status in assessing oxidative balance's impact on health./n<b>Conclusion:</b> In this sample, higher OBS was associated with lower <i>H. pylori</i> infection risks. Dietary OBS correlated significantly with all-cause mortality in <i>H. pylori</i>-positive individuals, while lifestyle OBS was notably associated with mortality in <i>H. pylori</i>-negative participants. Further research is necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and clinical implications of these findings.","PeriodicalId":14031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141147832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is strongly associated with the cell adhesion signaling pathway in cell differentiation, migration, etc. Mechanistically, TGF-β is secreted in an inactive form and localizes to the extracellular matrix (ECM) via the latent TGF-β binding protein (LTBP). However, it is the release of mature TGF-β that is essential for the activation of the TGF-β signaling pathway. This progress requires specific integrins (one of the main groups of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)) to recognize and activate the dormant TGF-β. In addition, TGF-β regulates cell adhesion ability through modulating CAMs expression. The aberrant activation of the TGF-β signaling pathway, caused by abnormal expression of key regulatory molecules (such as Smad proteins, certain transcription factors, and non-coding RNAs), promotes tumor invasive and metastasis ability via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during the late stages of tumorigenesis. In this paper, we summarize the crosstalk between TGF-β and cell adhesion signaling pathway in cancer and its underlying molecular mechanisms.
{"title":"Cross-Talk between the TGF-β and Cell Adhesion Signaling Pathways in Cancer","authors":"Jiahao Liao, Rentang Chen, Bihua Lin, Runhua Deng, Yanfang Liang, Jincheng Zeng, Sha Ma, Xianxiu Qiu","doi":"10.7150/ijms.96274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.96274","url":null,"abstract":"Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is strongly associated with the cell adhesion signaling pathway in cell differentiation, migration, etc. Mechanistically, TGF-β is secreted in an inactive form and localizes to the extracellular matrix (ECM) via the latent TGF-β binding protein (LTBP). However, it is the release of mature TGF-β that is essential for the activation of the TGF-β signaling pathway. This progress requires specific integrins (one of the main groups of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)) to recognize and activate the dormant TGF-β. In addition, TGF-β regulates cell adhesion ability through modulating CAMs expression. The aberrant activation of the TGF-β signaling pathway, caused by abnormal expression of key regulatory molecules (such as Smad proteins, certain transcription factors, and non-coding RNAs), promotes tumor invasive and metastasis ability via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during the late stages of tumorigenesis. In this paper, we summarize the crosstalk between TGF-β and cell adhesion signaling pathway in cancer and its underlying molecular mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":14031,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141147750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}