International journal of food microbiology最新文献_第6页

Co-evolution of virulence and drug resistance of transmissible multidrug-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in pre-cooked chicken and food-borne health risks 预熟鸡肉中传染性多药耐药高致病性肺炎克雷伯菌毒力和耐药性的共同进化及食源性健康风险

IF 5.2 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International journal of food microbiology

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2026.111626

Zheren Wang , Ping Wang , Lijiao Liang , Tianming Qu , Beibei Xu , Ying Chen

The contamination of multidrug-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR-hvKp) has become a significant public health concern. However, its contamination rate and epidemiological characteristics in pre-cooked chicken products remain unclear, rendering research into the prevalence of MDR-hvKp in such products of urgent public health significance. From 150 pre-prepared chicken samples collected in Beijing, 45 K. pneumoniae strains were isolated, of which 10 (22.22%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. Among these 10 MDR strains, four (KP167, KP284, KP485, KP493) were identified as hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKp), belonging to the high-risk sequence types ST23 and ST412. These strains harbour key virulence genes (iucA, iroB, rmpA, rmpA2) and exhibit strong biofilm-forming capabilities; among them, KP485 and KP493 simultaneously carry carbapenem resistance genes (bla_IMP) alongside hypervirulent determinants, presenting a multidrug-resistant and hypervirulent phenotype. Genomic analysis revealed that the plasmids carried by these MDR-hvKp strains exhibited >90% sequence similarity to the classical virulence plasmid pK2044. Conjugation experiments confirmed that the resistance-virulence plasmids from KP485 and KP493 could be successfully transferred and possessed transmissible properties. Comparative genomic analysis indicates that the foodborne plasmids of these four strains share an evolutionary distance ≤0.01 with clinical isolates (such as strain K186 from Chinese pneumonia patients), suggesting a potential “food-to-human” transmission pathway. This study indicates that pre-prepared chicken products may constitute a significant reservoir for MDR-hvKp. Upon entering the food chain via foodborne transmission, this pathogen poses a direct and serious threat to public health. Consequently, priority monitoring and risk management of such foodstuffs are urgently required.

耐多药高致病性肺炎克雷伯菌（MDR-hvKp）的污染已成为一个重大的公共卫生问题。然而，其在预熟鸡肉制品中的污染率和流行病学特征尚不清楚，因此研究耐多药hvkp在此类产品中的流行情况具有迫切的公共卫生意义。在北京市采集的150份鸡标本中，共分离出肺炎克雷伯菌45株，其中10株（22.22%）为耐多药菌株。10株MDR菌株中，4株（KP167、KP284、KP485、KP493）鉴定为高毒力肺炎克雷伯菌（hvKp），属于ST23和ST412高危序列型。这些菌株含有关键毒力基因（iucA、iroB、rmpA、rmpA2），并表现出较强的生物膜形成能力；其中，KP485和KP493同时携带碳青霉烯耐药基因（blaIMP）和高毒力决定因子，呈现多药耐药和高毒力表型。基因组分析显示，这些耐多药hvkp菌株携带的质粒与经典毒力质粒pK2044具有90%的序列相似性。偶联实验证实，KP485和KP493的耐毒质粒能够成功转移，并具有传播特性。比较基因组分析表明，这4株食源性菌株与临床分离株（如中国肺炎患者的K186菌株）的进化距离≤0.01，提示可能存在“从食物到人”的传播途径。这项研究表明，预先准备的鸡肉产品可能构成耐多药hvkp的一个重要水库。一旦通过食源性传播进入食物链，这种病原体就会对公众健康构成直接和严重的威胁。因此，迫切需要对这类食品进行优先监测和风险管理。

{"title":"Co-evolution of virulence and drug resistance of transmissible multidrug-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in pre-cooked chicken and food-borne health risks","authors":"Zheren Wang , Ping Wang , Lijiao Liang , Tianming Qu , Beibei Xu , Ying Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2026.111626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2026.111626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The contamination of multidrug-resistant hypervirulent <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (MDR-hvKp) has become a significant public health concern. However, its contamination rate and epidemiological characteristics in pre-cooked chicken products remain unclear, rendering research into the prevalence of MDR-hvKp in such products of urgent public health significance. From 150 pre-prepared chicken samples collected in Beijing, 45 <em>K. pneumoniae</em> strains were isolated, of which 10 (22.22%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. Among these 10 MDR strains, four (KP167, KP284, KP485, KP493) were identified as hypervirulent <em>K. pneumoniae</em> (hvKp), belonging to the high-risk sequence types ST23 and ST412. These strains harbour key virulence genes (<em>iucA, iroB, rmpA, rmpA2</em>) and exhibit strong biofilm-forming capabilities; among them, KP485 and KP493 simultaneously carry carbapenem resistance genes <em>(bla</em><sub>IMP</sub>) alongside hypervirulent determinants, presenting a multidrug-resistant and hypervirulent phenotype. Genomic analysis revealed that the plasmids carried by these MDR-hvKp strains exhibited >90% sequence similarity to the classical virulence plasmid pK2044. Conjugation experiments confirmed that the resistance-virulence plasmids from KP485 and KP493 could be successfully transferred and possessed transmissible properties. Comparative genomic analysis indicates that the foodborne plasmids of these four strains share an evolutionary distance ≤0.01 with clinical isolates (such as strain K186 from Chinese pneumonia patients), suggesting a potential “food-to-human” transmission pathway. This study indicates that pre-prepared chicken products may constitute a significant reservoir for MDR-hvKp. Upon entering the food chain via foodborne transmission, this pathogen poses a direct and serious threat to public health. Consequently, priority monitoring and risk management of such foodstuffs are urgently required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14095,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food microbiology","volume":"450 ","pages":"Article 111626"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Occurrence and identification of Bacillus thuringiensis in fresh vegetables and fruits in France” [Int. J. Food Microbiol. 445 (2026) 111477] “法国新鲜蔬菜和水果中苏云金芽孢杆菌的发生和鉴定”的勘误表[Int.]。[j].食品微生物学杂志，2015(5):444 - 444。

IF 5.2 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International journal of food microbiology

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111603

Arnaud Felten , Armelle Le Strat-Walton , Sylvie Pairaud , Jérôme Laville , Olivier Firmesse , Mathilde Bonis

引用次数: 0

Metagenomics insights into the effects of lactic acid bacteria inoculation on the microbial communities and antibiotic resistance genes in mare milk 接种乳酸菌对马奶微生物群落和抗生素耐药基因影响的宏基因组学研究

IF 5.2 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International journal of food microbiology

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2026.111622

Jun Liu , Xiaoxiao Huang , Yanrong Wang , Yingji Wang , Rongrong Luo , Xiaolin Lu , Ketao Cao , Jun Xing , Yixian Tu , Wenxin Zheng

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are emerging contaminants threatening public health, yet their transmission risk via mare milk products remains understudied. Using metagenomics, we analyzed lactic acid bacteria (LAB)-inoculated fermented, naturally fermented, raw, and pasteurized mare milk to investigate the effect of LAB inoculation on the distribution and transmission pathways of ARGs in mare milk. The results showed that naturally fermented, raw, and pasteurized mare milk had the highest number of pathogens, relative abundance of ARGs, and relative abundance of mobile genetic elements (MGEs), while LAB inoculation significantly reduced these (p < 0.05). Bacillota was the dominant microbial group in different samples. Compared to naturally fermented and raw mare milk, LAB-inoculated fermentation significantly altered microbial community structure (p < 0.05). This not only reduced or eliminated certain harmful bacteria but also decreased the abundance of total ARGs and multiple ARG subtypes by reducing host bacteria and MGEs. Microbes and MGEs jointly drove ARG transmission, with microbes being key. Transposon, Bacteroidota, and Pseudomonadota are the major MGEs and microbial taxa for ARG transmission. LAB inoculation can effectively inhibit the spread of 11 ARG types, including β-lactam and multidrug resistance, by weakening the co-occurrence network among microbes, ARGs, and MGEs. This study enhances understanding of resistance genes in diverse equine dairy products, elucidates the impact of LAB fermentation on ARG distribution and transmission pathways in mare milk, and provides valuable data references and theoretical guidance for safer equine dairy processing.

抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）是威胁公众健康的新兴污染物，但其通过马奶产品传播的风险仍未得到充分研究。采用元基因组学方法，对乳酸菌接种的发酵、自然发酵、生乳酸菌和巴氏杀菌马奶进行分析，探讨乳酸菌接种对马奶中ARGs分布和传播途径的影响。结果表明，自然发酵、生马奶和巴氏杀菌马奶的病原菌数量、ARGs相对丰度和移动遗传因子（MGEs）相对丰度最高，而乳酸菌接种显著降低了这些（p < 0.05）。芽孢杆菌在不同样品中均为优势菌群。与自然发酵和生马奶相比，实验室接种发酵显著改变了微生物群落结构（p < 0.05）。这不仅减少或消除了某些有害细菌，而且通过减少宿主细菌和MGEs，降低了总ARG和多种ARG亚型的丰度。微生物和MGEs共同推动了ARG的传播，微生物是关键。转座子、拟杆菌和假单胞菌是ARG传播的主要MGEs和微生物类群。接种乳酸菌可通过削弱微生物、ARGs和MGEs之间的共现网络，有效抑制β-内酰胺和多药耐药等11种ARG的传播。本研究增进了对不同马乳制品中ARG抗性基因的认识，阐明了乳酸菌发酵对马乳中ARG分布和传播途径的影响，为更安全的马乳加工提供了有价值的数据参考和理论指导。

{"title":"Metagenomics insights into the effects of lactic acid bacteria inoculation on the microbial communities and antibiotic resistance genes in mare milk","authors":"Jun Liu , Xiaoxiao Huang , Yanrong Wang , Yingji Wang , Rongrong Luo , Xiaolin Lu , Ketao Cao , Jun Xing , Yixian Tu , Wenxin Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2026.111622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2026.111622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are emerging contaminants threatening public health, yet their transmission risk via mare milk products remains understudied. Using metagenomics, we analyzed lactic acid bacteria (LAB)-inoculated fermented, naturally fermented, raw, and pasteurized mare milk to investigate the effect of LAB inoculation on the distribution and transmission pathways of ARGs in mare milk. The results showed that naturally fermented, raw, and pasteurized mare milk had the highest number of pathogens, relative abundance of ARGs, and relative abundance of mobile genetic elements (MGEs), while LAB inoculation significantly reduced these (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Bacillota was the dominant microbial group in different samples. Compared to naturally fermented and raw mare milk, LAB-inoculated fermentation significantly altered microbial community structure (<em>p</em> < 0.05). This not only reduced or eliminated certain harmful bacteria but also decreased the abundance of total ARGs and multiple ARG subtypes by reducing host bacteria and MGEs. Microbes and MGEs jointly drove ARG transmission, with microbes being key. Transposon, Bacteroidota, and Pseudomonadota are the major MGEs and microbial taxa for ARG transmission. LAB inoculation can effectively inhibit the spread of 11 ARG types, including β-lactam and multidrug resistance, by weakening the co-occurrence network among microbes, ARGs, and MGEs. This study enhances understanding of resistance genes in diverse equine dairy products, elucidates the impact of LAB fermentation on ARG distribution and transmission pathways in mare milk, and provides valuable data references and theoretical guidance for safer equine dairy processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14095,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food microbiology","volume":"450 ","pages":"Article 111622"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unlocking the genomic landscape of Staphylococcus equorum and understanding the functional role and technological application in dry-cured fermented meat products: A review 马状葡萄球菌基因组图谱揭示及其在干制发酵肉制品中的功能作用和技术应用综述

IF 5.2 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International journal of food microbiology

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111618

Lei Li , Guichuan Shang , Yinghui Guo , Jie Zhang , Yuli Qi , Huiping Wang , Mónica Flores , Carmela Belloch , Yingli Liu , Wang Jing , Xing Li , Kalekristos Yohannes Woldemariam

In Dry-cured fermented meat products, the role of Staphylococcus equorum has been given less attention. S. equorum enhances the flavour, colour, texture, and nutritional quality, and produces antimicrobial compounds that inhibit pathogens in dry-cured fermented meat products. This review aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of S. equorum as a potential starter culture in dry-cured fermented meat products, examines the main genomic and metabolic characteristics, and highlights the regulatory mechanisms. S. equorum is a gram-positive, catalase-positive coccus with high salt tolerance and optimal growth at 4–10 °C and pH 5–5.6. Modern PCR-based sequencing and metagenomics allow accurate identification of S. equorum using the major genes, including superoxide dismutase (sodA) and recombinase A (recA). Identification of this species has been made from different dry-cured fermented meat products, including Spanish dry-cured ham and “Chorizo” sausages from Spain, artisanal “Soppressata” fermented sausage from Italy. The functional role of S. equorum in protein and lipid hydrolysis contributes to key flavour and aroma compounds. Moreover, it has potential in the prevention of secondary lipid oxidation (superoxide dismutase (SOD)), contributes to nitrate reductase activity (NOS pathway), and biosynthesis of antibacterial peptide (micrococcin P1), which improves the quality and safety of dry-cured fermented meat products. Keeping this into account, the studies conducted on the S. equorum application as a starter culture in dry-cured fermented meat products are in their early stages and require further investigation and analysis.

在干制发酵肉制品中，equorum葡萄球菌的作用很少受到关注。马曲霉可以增强风味、颜色、质地和营养质量，并产生抑制干腌发酵肉制品中的病原体的抗菌化合物。本文旨在对马曲霉作为一种潜在的干腌发酵肉制品发酵剂进行全面评价，研究其主要的基因组和代谢特征，并强调其调控机制。equorum是一种革兰氏阳性，过氧化氢酶阳性的球菌，具有高耐盐性，在4-10°C和pH 5-5.6条件下生长最佳。现代基于pcr的测序和宏基因组学可以利用包括超氧化物歧化酶（sodA）和重组酶A （recA）在内的主要基因准确鉴定马棘球蚴。该物种已从不同的干腌发酵肉制品中得到鉴定，包括西班牙干腌火腿和西班牙的“Chorizo”香肠，意大利的手工“Soppressata”发酵香肠。苦参在蛋白质和脂质水解中的功能作用有助于形成关键的风味和香气化合物。此外，它还具有预防二次脂质氧化（超氧化物歧化酶（SOD））、促进硝酸盐还原酶活性（NOS途径）和抗菌肽（微球菌素P1）的生物合成的潜力，从而提高干腌发酵肉制品的质量和安全性。考虑到这一点，将马曲霉用作干腌发酵肉制品发酵剂的研究尚处于早期阶段，需要进一步的调查和分析。

{"title":"Unlocking the genomic landscape of Staphylococcus equorum and understanding the functional role and technological application in dry-cured fermented meat products: A review","authors":"Lei Li , Guichuan Shang , Yinghui Guo , Jie Zhang , Yuli Qi , Huiping Wang , Mónica Flores , Carmela Belloch , Yingli Liu , Wang Jing , Xing Li , Kalekristos Yohannes Woldemariam","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Dry-cured fermented meat products, the role of <em>Staphylococcus equorum</em> has been given less attention. <em>S. equorum</em> enhances the flavour, colour, texture, and nutritional quality, and produces antimicrobial compounds that inhibit pathogens in dry-cured fermented meat products. This review aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of <em>S. equorum</em> as a potential starter culture in dry-cured fermented meat products, examines the main genomic and metabolic characteristics, and highlights the regulatory mechanisms. <em>S. equorum</em> is a gram-positive, catalase-positive coccus with high salt tolerance and optimal growth at 4–10 °C and pH 5–5.6. Modern PCR-based sequencing and metagenomics allow accurate identification of <em>S. equorum</em> using the major genes, including superoxide dismutase (sodA) and recombinase A (recA). Identification of this species has been made from different dry-cured fermented meat products, including Spanish dry-cured ham and “Chorizo” sausages from Spain, artisanal “Soppressata” fermented sausage from Italy. The functional role of <em>S. equorum</em> in protein and lipid hydrolysis contributes to key flavour and aroma compounds. Moreover, it has potential in the prevention of secondary lipid oxidation (superoxide dismutase (SOD)), contributes to nitrate reductase activity (NOS pathway), and biosynthesis of antibacterial peptide (micrococcin P1), which improves the quality and safety of dry-cured fermented meat products. Keeping this into account, the studies conducted on the <em>S. equorum</em> application as a starter culture in dry-cured fermented meat products are in their early stages and require further investigation and analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14095,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food microbiology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 111618"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characteristics and comparative genomic analysis of Clostridium perfringens isolates from a foodborne outbreak 食源性产气荚膜梭菌分离株的特征和比较基因组分析

IF 5.2 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International journal of food microbiology

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2026.111623

Jiwei Liang , Juping Shi , Lan Xu , Yun Li , Keer Xia , Lu Sun , Qingli Dong , Yeru Wang , Xiang Wang

Clostridium perfringens is a widely distributed Gram-positive pathogen associated with a range of foodborne illnesses. In this study, a foodborne outbreak linked to a group meal was investigated, from which 25C. perfringens isolates were recovered from 116 samples collected from food (n = 3), kitchen environmental surfaces (n = 10), food handlers (n = 5), and clinical patients (n = 7). Comprehensive molecular typing using multilocus sequence typing (MLST), core-genome MLST (cgMLST), and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis were performed, and the results showed progressively increasing discriminatory power. MLST divided the C. perfringens isolates into 18 STs, including 14 novel STs. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) revealed a high level of genetic diversity among the isolates, with 7 enterotoxin-producing type F strains (ST1039) showing notable genetic homogeneity, while 18 type A strains exhibited substantial heterogeneity. High-resolution cgSNP analysis identified a close genomic relationship (15–50 SNP differences) between food isolates—from simmered aged duck soup (hot dish) and salted boiled broad beans (cold dish)—and clinical isolates. Notably, the 15-SNP difference between the duck soup isolate and a clinical isolate suggests a potential epidemiological link to the outbreak cases. This study highlights the superior resolution and accuracy of WGS molecular typing in foodborne outbreak investigations, enabling precise source tracing. It underscores the importance of integrating genomics into routine food safety surveillance and outbreak response to improve public health outcomes.

产气荚膜梭菌是一种广泛分布的革兰氏阳性病原体，与一系列食源性疾病有关。在这项研究中，调查了与集体用餐有关的食源性疾病爆发，其中25C。从食品（n = 3）、厨房环境表面（n = 10）、食品处理人员（n = 5）和临床患者（n = 7）收集的116份样品中分离出气荚膜菌。采用多位点序列分型（MLST）、核心基因组分型（cgMLST）和单核苷酸多态性（SNP）分析进行综合分子分型，结果显示分化能力逐渐增强。MLST将产气荚膜荚膜杆菌分离株划分为18个STs，其中14个为新STs。全基因组测序（WGS）结果显示，7株产肠毒素的F型菌株（ST1039）具有显著的遗传同质性，而18株产肠毒素的a型菌株具有显著的遗传异质性。高分辨率cgSNP分析确定了食物分离物（来自炖熟鸭汤（热菜）和咸煮蚕豆（凉菜））与临床分离物之间的密切基因组关系（15-50个SNP差异）。值得注意的是，鸭汤分离物与临床分离物之间的15个snp差异表明与暴发病例存在潜在的流行病学联系。本研究强调了WGS分子分型在食源性暴发调查中的高分辨率和准确性，从而实现了精确的源头追踪。它强调了将基因组学纳入常规食品安全监测和疫情应对以改善公共卫生结果的重要性。

{"title":"Characteristics and comparative genomic analysis of Clostridium perfringens isolates from a foodborne outbreak","authors":"Jiwei Liang , Juping Shi , Lan Xu , Yun Li , Keer Xia , Lu Sun , Qingli Dong , Yeru Wang , Xiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2026.111623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2026.111623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Clostridium perfringens</em> is a widely distributed Gram-positive pathogen associated with a range of foodborne illnesses. In this study, a foodborne outbreak linked to a group meal was investigated, from which 25<em>C. perfringens</em> isolates were recovered from 116 samples collected from food (<em>n</em> = 3), kitchen environmental surfaces (<em>n</em> = 10), food handlers (<em>n</em> = 5), and clinical patients (<em>n</em> = 7). Comprehensive molecular typing using multilocus sequence typing (MLST), core-genome MLST (cgMLST), and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis were performed, and the results showed progressively increasing discriminatory power. MLST divided the <em>C. perfringens</em> isolates into 18 STs, including 14 novel STs. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) revealed a high level of genetic diversity among the isolates, with 7 enterotoxin-producing type F strains (ST1039) showing notable genetic homogeneity, while 18 type A strains exhibited substantial heterogeneity. High-resolution cgSNP analysis identified a close genomic relationship (15–50 SNP differences) between food isolates—from simmered aged duck soup (hot dish) and salted boiled broad beans (cold dish)—and clinical isolates. Notably, the 15-SNP difference between the duck soup isolate and a clinical isolate suggests a potential epidemiological link to the outbreak cases. This study highlights the superior resolution and accuracy of WGS molecular typing in foodborne outbreak investigations, enabling precise source tracing. It underscores the importance of integrating genomics into routine food safety surveillance and outbreak response to improve public health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14095,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food microbiology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 111623"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fungal–bacterial interactions at species and strain-level influence γ-aminobutyric acid and ethyl esters accumulation in a simulated fermentation system 真菌-细菌在种和菌株水平上的相互作用影响了模拟发酵系统中γ-氨基丁酸和乙酯的积累。

IF 5.2 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International journal of food microbiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111619

Nan Zhang , Ruren Li , Lan Zhang , Di Zhang , Futong Song , Yafang Yao , Wenqian Li , Liangyan Rong

How microbial interactions at the species and strain-level regulate the accumulation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and ethyl esters in fermented meat systems remains poorly understood. This study investigated how Debaryomyces hansenii interacts with lactic acid bacteria and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) in a simulated sausage fermentation system to modulate these metabolites. Results showed that interactions between D. hansenii and Lactobacillus plantarum led to strain-specific differences in GABA accumulation. L. plantarum LP-2 significantly increased GABA accumulation (P < 0.001), whereas L. plantarum LP-6 showed a suppressive effect. For ethyl esters, interactions between D. hansenii and CNS strains showed distinct species-specific effects. Co-culture with Staphylococcus xylosus significantly increased ethyl esters accumulation (P < 0.05), whereas Staphylococcus equorum exhibited a suppressive effect. Mechanistic inferences based on metabolic profiling suggested that D. hansenii D1 may have promoted the growth of L. plantarum LP-2 and S. xylosus JH-3 via the release of amino acids, and potentially facilitated the conversion of key substrates (glutamate, 2-methylbutanoic acid, and 3-methylbutanoic acid), thereby contributing to the enhanced biosynthesis of GABA and ethyl esters. Based on functional complementarity at the strain level, a synthetic microbial consortium composed of L. plantarum LP-2, S. xylosus JH-3, and D. hansenii D1 exhibited synergistic advantages in the co-accumulation of GABA and ethyl esters. These findings provide a basis for targeted modulation of bioactive compounds and flavor metabolites in fermented food systems.

微生物在物种和菌株水平上的相互作用如何调节发酵肉系统中γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）和乙酯的积累仍然知之甚少。本研究研究了在模拟香肠发酵系统中，汉斯德巴氏菌如何与乳酸菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CNS）相互作用来调节这些代谢物。结果表明，汉氏乳杆菌与植物乳杆菌的相互作用导致了菌株特异性GABA积累的差异。L. plantarum LP-2显著增加GABA积累(P

{"title":"Fungal–bacterial interactions at species and strain-level influence γ-aminobutyric acid and ethyl esters accumulation in a simulated fermentation system","authors":"Nan Zhang , Ruren Li , Lan Zhang , Di Zhang , Futong Song , Yafang Yao , Wenqian Li , Liangyan Rong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How microbial interactions at the species and strain-level regulate the accumulation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and ethyl esters in fermented meat systems remains poorly understood. This study investigated how <em>Debaryomyces hansenii</em> interacts with lactic acid bacteria and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) in a simulated sausage fermentation system to modulate these metabolites. Results showed that interactions between <em>D. hansenii</em> and <em>Lactobacillus plantarum</em> led to strain-specific differences in GABA accumulation. <em>L. plantarum</em> LP-2 significantly increased GABA accumulation (<em>P</em> < 0.001), whereas L. <em>plantarum</em> LP-6 showed a suppressive effect. For ethyl esters, interactions between <em>D. hansenii</em> and CNS strains showed distinct species-specific effects. Co-culture with <em>Staphylococcus xylosus</em> significantly increased ethyl esters accumulation (<em>P</em> < 0.05), whereas <em>Staphylococcus equorum</em> exhibited a suppressive effect. Mechanistic inferences based on metabolic profiling suggested that <em>D. hansenii</em> D1 may have promoted the growth of L. <em>plantarum</em> LP-2 and <em>S. xylosus</em> JH-3 via the release of amino acids, and potentially facilitated the conversion of key substrates (glutamate, 2-methylbutanoic acid, and 3-methylbutanoic acid), thereby contributing to the enhanced biosynthesis of GABA and ethyl esters. Based on functional complementarity at the strain level, a synthetic microbial consortium composed of L. <em>plantarum</em> LP-2, <em>S. xylosus</em> JH-3, and <em>D. hansenii</em> D1 exhibited synergistic advantages in the co-accumulation of GABA and ethyl esters. These findings provide a basis for targeted modulation of bioactive compounds and flavor metabolites in fermented food systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14095,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food microbiology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 111619"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145911404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biodiversity of Aspergillus section Flavi species isolated along the peanut paste production chain in Côte d'Ivoire 在Côte科特迪瓦花生生产链上分离的黄曲霉物种的生物多样性。

IF 5.2 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International journal of food microbiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111620

Ama Lethicia Manizan , Amaranta Carvajal-Campos , Isabelle Piro-Metayer , David Koffi Akaki , Rose Koffi-Nevry , Didier Montet , Isabelle P. Oswald , Sophie Lorber , Olivier Puel , Catherine Brabet

The contamination of staple foods by mycotoxins is a significant issue in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly the presence of aflatoxins in raw peanuts and peanut-based products. This contamination has severe health and economic consequences. The main aflatoxin-producing fungi belong to Aspergillus section Flavi and are grouped in three main clades: A. flavus, A. tamarii and A. nomius, newly qualified as Flavi, Kitamyces and Nomiarum series respectively. The present study assessed the biodiversity of Aspergillus section Flavi species along the peanut paste production chain in the Korhogo region in northern Côte d'Ivoire. A polyphasic approach was used to identify 256 potentially aflatoxigenic strains isolated on AFPA medium. Experiments included (i) morphological characterization, (ii) aflatoxin production on PDA medium, (iii) molecular identification using a PCR-DGGE method and DNA sequencing, and (iv) phylogenetic analyses. Three species of A. flavus clade were isolated. The most prevalent was A. flavus, which comprised mainly aflatoxin-producing strains but also atoxigenic strains, followed by A. aflatoxiformans and A. korhogoensis. The latter two produced B and G aflatoxins at higher levels than A. flavus, which only produced B aflatoxins. A. aflatoxiformans, A. korhogoensis and aflatoxigenic A. flavus strains were mainly isolated after the stages of peanut pod drying and storage in villages, as well as after seed storage by wholesalers and retailers. However, AF production requires confirmation on most appropriate inducing media. The study also indicates that the PCR-DGGE method when combined with a multi-locus phylogenetic analysis is an effective strategy for discriminating and identifying Aspergillus section Flavi species, particularly those in the A. flavus clade.

在撒哈拉以南非洲，主食受到真菌毒素污染是一个重大问题，特别是生花生和花生制品中存在黄曲霉毒素。这种污染具有严重的健康和经济后果。黄曲霉毒素产生真菌主要属于黄曲霉科，分为黄曲霉、tamarii和nomius三个主要分支，分别新定名为Flavi、Kitamyces和Nomiarum系列。本研究评估了Côte科特迪瓦北部Korhogo地区花生生产链上的黄曲霉（Aspergillus section Flavi）物种的生物多样性。采用多相法对AFPA培养基上分离的256株潜在黄曲霉毒素菌株进行鉴定。实验包括(i)形态学表征，（ii） PDA培养基上黄曲霉毒素的产生，（iii）利用PCR-DGGE方法进行分子鉴定和DNA测序，以及（iv）系统发育分析。分离得到3种黄芽孢杆菌。以产黄曲霉毒素菌株为主的黄曲霉属（A. flavus）最常见，但也有产氧菌株，其次是黄曲霉形曲霉属（A.黄曲霉）和korhogoensis。后两者产生B和G黄曲霉毒素的水平高于黄曲霉，黄曲霉只产生B黄曲霉毒素。黄曲霉曲霉、korhogoensis和黄曲霉毒素A. flavus菌株主要在花生豆荚干燥和村庄储存阶段以及批发商和零售商储存种子后分离。然而，AF的产生需要确认最合适的诱导介质。研究还表明，PCR-DGGE方法与多位点系统发育分析相结合，是鉴别黄曲霉（Aspergillus section Flavi）种属，特别是黄曲霉枝种属的有效方法。

{"title":"Biodiversity of Aspergillus section Flavi species isolated along the peanut paste production chain in Côte d'Ivoire","authors":"Ama Lethicia Manizan , Amaranta Carvajal-Campos , Isabelle Piro-Metayer , David Koffi Akaki , Rose Koffi-Nevry , Didier Montet , Isabelle P. Oswald , Sophie Lorber , Olivier Puel , Catherine Brabet","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The contamination of staple foods by mycotoxins is a significant issue in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly the presence of aflatoxins in raw peanuts and peanut-based products. This contamination has severe health and economic consequences. The main aflatoxin-producing fungi belong to <em>Aspergillus</em> section <em>Flavi</em> and are grouped in three main clades: <em>A. flavus</em>, <em>A. tamarii</em> and <em>A. nomius</em>, newly qualified as Flavi, <em>Kitamyces</em> and <em>Nomiarum</em> series respectively. The present study assessed the biodiversity of <em>Aspergillus</em> section <em>Flavi</em> species along the peanut paste production chain in the Korhogo region in northern Côte d'Ivoire. A polyphasic approach was used to identify 256 potentially aflatoxigenic strains isolated on AFPA medium. Experiments included (i) morphological characterization, (ii) aflatoxin production on PDA medium, (iii) molecular identification using a PCR-DGGE method and DNA sequencing, and (iv) phylogenetic analyses. Three species of <em>A. flavus</em> clade were isolated. The most prevalent was <em>A. flavus</em>, which comprised mainly aflatoxin-producing strains but also atoxigenic strains, followed by <em>A. aflatoxiformans</em> and <em>A. korhogoensis.</em> The latter two produced B and G aflatoxins at higher levels than <em>A. flavus</em>, which only produced B aflatoxins<em>. A. aflatoxiformans</em>, <em>A. korhogoensis</em> and aflatoxigenic <em>A. flavus</em> strains were mainly isolated after the stages of peanut pod drying and storage in villages, as well as after seed storage by wholesalers and retailers. However, AF production requires confirmation on most appropriate inducing media. The study also indicates that the PCR-DGGE method when combined with a multi-locus phylogenetic analysis is an effective strategy for discriminating and identifying <em>Aspergillus</em> section <em>Flavi</em> species, particularly those in the <em>A. flavus</em> clade.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14095,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food microbiology","volume":"450 ","pages":"Article 111620"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146062864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antibacterial mechanism of action of perilla leaf essential oil on Shigella flexneri and its preservation effectiveness in fresh-cut lettuce 紫苏叶精油对鲜切生菜福氏志贺氏菌的抑菌机理及其保鲜效果。

IF 5.2 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International journal of food microbiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111616

Siying Zhu , Yongqi Chen , Ming Yang , Xue Lin , Yajing Fang , Liu Liu , Jiamu Kang

Shigella flexneri is a major foodborne pathogen and a leading cause of bacillary dysentery in developing countries, typically transmitted via contaminated water and fresh produce. Although perilla leaves—used as both food and medicine—are rich in bioactive compounds, the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of perilla leaf essential oil (PLEO) against S. flexneri remain unclear. This study investigated the antibacterial mechanisms of PLEO against S. flexneri and evaluated its potential for use in preserving fresh-cut lettuce. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis identified d-limonene, terpinolene, and p-cymene as the major constituents of PLEO. Morphological and physiological assays demonstrated that PLEO compromises bacterial membrane integrity in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in cytoplasmic leakage, membrane depolarization, and intracellular ATP depletion. PLEO also induced oxidative stress by increasing reactive oxygen species accumulation and inhibiting catalase activity. Untargeted metabolomics revealed that PLEO acts through multiple pathways, notably perturbing amino acid, lipid, and energy metabolism. Additionally, PLEO strongly inhibited biofilm formation and disrupted established mature biofilms on various surfaces. Application of PLEO to fresh-cut lettuce significantly reduced S. flexneri counts and delayed quality deterioration during storage at 4 °C. These results indicate that PLEO is a promising natural, multi-target antibacterial agent for food safety control and an environmentally friendly approach to produce preservation.

福氏志贺氏菌是一种主要的食源性病原体，也是发展中国家细菌性痢疾的主要原因，通常通过受污染的水和新鲜农产品传播。虽然作为食品和药物的紫苏叶含有丰富的生物活性化合物，但紫苏叶精油（PLEO）对flexneri的抗菌和抗膜活性尚不清楚。本研究探讨了PLEO对flexneri的抗菌机制，并评价了其在保鲜鲜切生菜中的应用潜力。气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析鉴定其主要成分为d-柠檬烯、萜油烯和对花香烃。形态学和生理学分析表明，PLEO以剂量依赖的方式损害细菌膜的完整性，导致细胞质渗漏、膜去极化和细胞内ATP耗竭。PLEO还通过增加活性氧积累和抑制过氧化氢酶活性来诱导氧化应激。非靶向代谢组学显示PLEO通过多种途径起作用，特别是干扰氨基酸、脂质和能量代谢。此外，PLEO强烈抑制生物膜的形成，并破坏各种表面上已建立的成熟生物膜。在鲜切生菜中应用PLEO可显著减少福氏弧菌数量，并延缓4°C储存期间的品质恶化。这些结果表明，PLEO是一种很有前途的天然多靶点抗菌剂，可用于食品安全控制和环境友好的保鲜方法。

{"title":"Antibacterial mechanism of action of perilla leaf essential oil on Shigella flexneri and its preservation effectiveness in fresh-cut lettuce","authors":"Siying Zhu , Yongqi Chen , Ming Yang , Xue Lin , Yajing Fang , Liu Liu , Jiamu Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Shigella flexneri</em> is a major foodborne pathogen and a leading cause of bacillary dysentery in developing countries, typically transmitted via contaminated water and fresh produce. Although perilla leaves—used as both food and medicine—are rich in bioactive compounds, the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of perilla leaf essential oil (PLEO) against <em>S. flexneri</em> remain unclear. This study investigated the antibacterial mechanisms of PLEO against <em>S. flexneri</em> and evaluated its potential for use in preserving fresh-cut lettuce. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis identified <span>d</span>-limonene, terpinolene, and p-cymene as the major constituents of PLEO. Morphological and physiological assays demonstrated that PLEO compromises bacterial membrane integrity in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in cytoplasmic leakage, membrane depolarization, and intracellular ATP depletion. PLEO also induced oxidative stress by increasing reactive oxygen species accumulation and inhibiting catalase activity. Untargeted metabolomics revealed that PLEO acts through multiple pathways, notably perturbing amino acid, lipid, and energy metabolism. Additionally, PLEO strongly inhibited biofilm formation and disrupted established mature biofilms on various surfaces. Application of PLEO to fresh-cut lettuce significantly reduced <em>S. flexneri</em> counts and delayed quality deterioration during storage at 4 °C. These results indicate that PLEO is a promising natural, multi-target antibacterial agent for food safety control and an environmentally friendly approach to produce preservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14095,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food microbiology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 111616"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145917656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biocontrol eggplant soft rot caused by Fusarium equiseti through Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and its lipopeptides 解淀粉芽孢杆菌及其脂肽类生物防治茄子赤霉病。

IF 5.2 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International journal of food microbiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111615

Ping Zhou , Xilang Yang , Ziyun Xu , Xiaowei Che , Xiangjing Wang , Wensheng Xiang , Junwei Zhao

China is the world's leading producer and consumer of eggplant, yet effective strategies are urgently needed to manage postharvest soft rot caused by Fusarium equiseti, a newly identified pathogen. This study explores the biocontrol potential and mechanism of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SDTA 2-1 against F. equiseti-induced soft rot in eggplants. Strain SDTA 2-1 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against F. equiseti, reducing the decay rate from 66.67 % to 26.67 %. Its biofilm-forming ability promoted colonization on eggplant fruit, enhancing disease control efficacy. Furthermore, SDTA 2-1 enhanced the activities of key defensive enzymes and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, thereby inducing host resistance. Crude lipopeptide extracts from strain SDTA 2-1 showed significant antifungal activity against F. equiseti, with an EC₅₀ value of 29.25 ± 1.45 μg/mL, effectively inhibiting both mycelial growth and conidial germination. The extract disrupted fungal cell membrane integrity, leading to cytoplasmic leakage, and increasing electrical conductivity and permeability. Notably, lipopeptide treatment significantly reduced both disease incidence and lesion size in eggplant fruits. PCR and LC-MS analyses identified three iturin A homologs in the lipopeptides. Collectively, this study highlights B. amyloliquefaciens SDTA 2-1 as a promising and sustainable biocontrol agent for managing postharvest eggplant soft rot and provides valuable insights into its antifungal mechanisms.

中国是世界上主要的茄子生产国和消费国，但迫切需要有效的策略来管理由镰刀菌（Fusarium equiseti）引起的采后软腐病。本研究旨在探讨解淀粉芽孢杆菌SDTA 2-1对茄子软腐病的生物防治潜力和作用机制。菌株SDTA 2-1对马尾草赤霉病菌具有显著的抑制作用，其腐率由66.67%降低至26.67%。其形成生物膜的能力促进了在茄子果实上的定植，提高了病害防治效果。此外，SDTA 2-1增强了关键防御酶的活性，降低了丙二醛（MDA）水平，从而诱导了宿主的抗性。菌株SDTA 2-1脂肽粗提物对牛毛霉的抑菌活性显著，其EC50值为29.25±1.45 μg/mL，能有效抑制菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发。提取物破坏真菌细胞膜的完整性，导致细胞质渗漏，增加电导率和渗透性。值得注意的是，脂肽处理显著降低了茄子果实的发病率和病变大小。PCR和LC-MS分析在脂肽中鉴定出三个iturin A同源物。综上所述，本研究突出了解淀粉芽孢杆菌SDTA 2-1作为一种有前景和可持续的茄子软腐病生物防治剂，并为其抗真菌机制提供了有价值的见解。

{"title":"Biocontrol eggplant soft rot caused by Fusarium equiseti through Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and its lipopeptides","authors":"Ping Zhou , Xilang Yang , Ziyun Xu , Xiaowei Che , Xiangjing Wang , Wensheng Xiang , Junwei Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>China is the world's leading producer and consumer of eggplant, yet effective strategies are urgently needed to manage postharvest soft rot caused by <em>Fusarium equiseti</em>, a newly identified pathogen. This study explores the biocontrol potential and mechanism of <em>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</em> SDTA 2-1 against <em>F. equiseti</em>-induced soft rot in eggplants. Strain SDTA 2-1 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against <em>F. equiseti</em>, reducing the decay rate from 66.67 % to 26.67 %. Its biofilm-forming ability promoted colonization on eggplant fruit, enhancing disease control efficacy. Furthermore, SDTA 2-1 enhanced the activities of key defensive enzymes and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, thereby inducing host resistance. Crude lipopeptide extracts from strain SDTA 2-1 showed significant antifungal activity against <em>F. equiseti</em>, with an EC<sub>50</sub> value of 29.25 ± 1.45 μg/mL, effectively inhibiting both mycelial growth and conidial germination. The extract disrupted fungal cell membrane integrity, leading to cytoplasmic leakage, and increasing electrical conductivity and permeability. Notably, lipopeptide treatment significantly reduced both disease incidence and lesion size in eggplant fruits. PCR and LC-MS analyses identified three iturin A homologs in the lipopeptides. Collectively, this study highlights <em>B. amyloliquefaciens</em> SDTA 2-1 as a promising and sustainable biocontrol agent for managing postharvest eggplant soft rot and provides valuable insights into its antifungal mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14095,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food microbiology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 111615"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145862925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in retail pork in Japan and genetic characterization of lineage-specific ΨSCCmec and novel ccr gene complexes in clonal complex 398 耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌在日本零售猪肉中的流行及谱系特异性ΨSCCmec和克隆复合物398中新型ccr基因复合物的遗传特征

IF 5.2 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

International journal of food microbiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111605

Moeka Sugiura , Michiyo Sugiyama , Yoshimasa Sasaki , Junzo Hisatsune , Yo Sugawara , Motoyuki Sugai , Tetsuo Asai

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clonal complex 398 (CC398) has recently been detected in pig farms of Japan as a major livestock-associated (LA) MRSA lineage. While the prevalence of MRSA in farm pigs and slaughterhouses in Japan has been investigated, the contamination in retail pork remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of LA-MRSA CC398 in retail pork and analyzed its antimicrobial susceptibility and phylogenetic characteristics. A total of 385 retail pork samples (268 domestic and 117 imported) were collected between 2021 and 2022. MRSA was detected in 3.1 % (12/385) of samples, with 4.1 % (11/268) in domestic pork and 0.8 % (1/117) in imported pork. All 12 isolates were identified as LA-MRSA CC398, resistant to methicillin and tetracycline, and some also to chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and levofloxacin. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Japanese pig-derived ST398 isolates could be classified into 5 major clusters, with 12 isolates from retail pork distributed in clusters 2–4. Analysis of the Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) element structure revealed that many isolates in clusters 3 and 4 lacked an approximately 50.3 kb region containing the cassette chromosome recombinase (ccr) gene complex (type 5); they were classified as “ΨSCCmec.” In contrast, cluster 5 carried SCCmec type IVd. We also propose two novel ccr gene types: type 23 (A6B3), detected in clusters 2 and 5, and type 24 (A5B5), detected in cluster 4. These findings demonstrate that diverse LA-MRSA CC398 genotypes are distributed across farms, slaughterhouses, and retail pork in Japan, indicating that the livestock sector is a critical reservoir.

耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）克隆复合体398 （CC398）最近在日本的猪场被检测到是一个主要的家畜相关（LA） MRSA谱系。虽然对日本农场猪和屠宰场的MRSA流行情况进行了调查，但零售猪肉的污染情况仍不清楚。因此，我们调查了零售猪肉中LA-MRSA CC398的流行情况，并分析了其抗菌敏感性和系统发育特征。在2021年至2022年期间，共收集了385份零售猪肉样本（国内268份，进口117份）。MRSA检出率为3.1%(12/385)，其中国产猪肉为4.1%(11/268)，进口猪肉为0.8%（1/117）。所有12株菌株均鉴定为LA-MRSA CC398，耐甲氧西林和四环素，部分菌株也耐氯霉素、红霉素和左氧氟沙星。系统发育分析表明，日本猪源ST398分离株可分为5个主要聚类，其中12个来自零售猪肉的分离株分布在聚类2-4。对葡萄球菌盒式染色体mec （SCCmec）元件结构的分析表明，簇3和簇4中的许多分离株缺乏一个约50.3 kb的包含盒式染色体重组酶（ccr）基因复合物（5型）的区域；它们被归类为“ΨSCCmec”。第5组携带SCCmec型IVd。我们还提出了两种新的ccr基因类型：在集群2和5中检测到的23型（A6B3）和在集群4中检测到的24型（A5B5）。这些发现表明，不同的LA-MRSA CC398基因型分布在日本的农场、屠宰场和零售猪肉中，表明畜牧业是一个关键的储存库。

{"title":"Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in retail pork in Japan and genetic characterization of lineage-specific ΨSCCmec and novel ccr gene complexes in clonal complex 398","authors":"Moeka Sugiura , Michiyo Sugiyama , Yoshimasa Sasaki , Junzo Hisatsune , Yo Sugawara , Motoyuki Sugai , Tetsuo Asai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2025.111605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) clonal complex 398 (CC398) has recently been detected in pig farms of Japan as a major livestock-associated (LA) MRSA lineage. While the prevalence of MRSA in farm pigs and slaughterhouses in Japan has been investigated, the contamination in retail pork remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of LA-MRSA CC398 in retail pork and analyzed its antimicrobial susceptibility and phylogenetic characteristics. A total of 385 retail pork samples (268 domestic and 117 imported) were collected between 2021 and 2022. MRSA was detected in 3.1 % (12/385) of samples, with 4.1 % (11/268) in domestic pork and 0.8 % (1/117) in imported pork. All 12 isolates were identified as LA-MRSA CC398, resistant to methicillin and tetracycline, and some also to chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and levofloxacin. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Japanese pig-derived ST398 isolates could be classified into 5 major clusters, with 12 isolates from retail pork distributed in clusters 2–4. Analysis of the Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome <em>mec</em> (SCC<em>mec</em>) element structure revealed that many isolates in clusters 3 and 4 lacked an approximately 50.3 kb region containing the cassette chromosome recombinase (<em>ccr</em>) gene complex (type 5); they were classified as “ΨSCC<em>mec</em>.” In contrast, cluster 5 carried SCC<em>mec</em> type IVd. We also propose two novel <em>ccr</em> gene types: type 23 (A6B3), detected in clusters 2 and 5, and type 24 (A5B5), detected in cluster 4. These findings demonstrate that diverse LA-MRSA CC398 genotypes are distributed across farms, slaughterhouses, and retail pork in Japan, indicating that the livestock sector is a critical reservoir.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14095,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food microbiology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 111605"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0