According to psychological and cognitive development theories, the preferences of pupils in elementary school toward inductive versus deductive and general types of reasoning when asked to prove or review mathematical claims, changes along the school years. This study examines this hypothesis through a survey in which 267 pupils from the Arabic sector in three different elementary schools in Israel, in grades 4 to 6 participated. The survey, based on the math reasoning tasks by Healy and Hoyles (1998), is comprised of Algebra and Geometry reasoning tasks. Additionally, 12 of these pupils’ teachers were interviewed in order to explore their attitudes toward mathematical reasoning and math proving tasks. Findings show that: 1) There is a difference in students’ preferences towards types of reasoning, between grades 4 and 6; 2) Sixth graders will be less likely to accept tautologic and inductive reasoning than fourth graders; 3) Elementary school pupils tend to prefer empirical arguments (such as inductive and example-based) as their approach in contrast to the arguments that they believe will receive the highest scores from their teachers. However, findings do not support the hypothesis that there will be a difference in teachers’ preferences towards different types of thinking. The research findings and their practical implications are discussed.
{"title":"Emphasizing the Thinking and Scientific Language in the Primary Classes","authors":"Saleh Y. Abo-Romi","doi":"10.4236/ce.2020.115059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2020.115059","url":null,"abstract":"According to psychological and cognitive development theories, the preferences of pupils in elementary school toward inductive versus deductive and general types of reasoning when asked to prove or review mathematical claims, changes along the school years. This study examines this hypothesis through a survey in which 267 pupils from the Arabic sector in three different elementary schools in Israel, in grades 4 to 6 participated. The survey, based on the math reasoning tasks by Healy and Hoyles (1998), is comprised of Algebra and Geometry reasoning tasks. Additionally, 12 of these pupils’ teachers were interviewed in order to explore their attitudes toward mathematical reasoning and math proving tasks. Findings show that: 1) There is a difference in students’ preferences towards types of reasoning, between grades 4 and 6; 2) Sixth graders will be less likely to accept tautologic and inductive reasoning than fourth graders; 3) Elementary school pupils tend to prefer empirical arguments (such as inductive and example-based) as their approach in contrast to the arguments that they believe will receive the highest scores from their teachers. However, findings do not support the hypothesis that there will be a difference in teachers’ preferences towards different types of thinking. The research findings and their practical implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":141411,"journal":{"name":"New Horizons in Education and Social Studies Vol. 9","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128387266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the most frequently encountered products of cultural contact is the borrowing. Borrowing is seen to be a source, an important source of language enrichment as well as of language endangerment. When a given language borrows a great amount of lexical terms from another language, we assume that the two languages have the same attributes or else they have been in contact for a long time. As a result, the current study investigates the Kanuri borrowed words from Hausa. The study is limited to what lexical terms have been borrowed by the Kanuri from the Hausa, how has the borrowing come about as all languages have the means to create, enrich themselves out of their own resources. In other words, why do the Kanuri people borrow a word or words from the Hausa while they have a fully equivalent beforehand? In this research, the researcher collected the data by taking notes and later arranged as documentations for further analysis. Finally, the researcher finds that actually many consider the Kanuri borrowed terms from the Hausa as typically Kanuri and could not dissociate them with other Kanuri words. Hence, the necessity for the current study to bring out the endangerment of borrowing for the Kanuri people and point out the necessity for the language to coin new words (neologism) that could better enrich its lexicon.
{"title":"Discussion on Sociolinguistic Dynamism: The Case of Kanuri Lexical Borrowing from Hausa in Damagaram","authors":"Aboubakar Nana Aichatou","doi":"10.4236/als.2020.82006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/als.2020.82006","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most frequently encountered products of cultural contact is the borrowing. Borrowing is seen to be a source, an important source of language enrichment as well as of language endangerment. When a given language borrows a great amount of lexical terms from another language, we assume that the two languages have the same attributes or else they have been in contact for a long time. As a result, the current study investigates the Kanuri borrowed words from Hausa. The study is limited to what lexical terms have been borrowed by the Kanuri from the Hausa, how has the borrowing come about as all languages have the means to create, enrich themselves out of their own resources. In other words, why do the Kanuri people borrow a word or words from the Hausa while they have a fully equivalent beforehand? In this research, the researcher collected the data by taking notes and later arranged as documentations for further analysis. Finally, the researcher finds that actually many consider the Kanuri borrowed terms from the Hausa as typically Kanuri and could not dissociate them with other Kanuri words. Hence, the necessity for the current study to bring out the endangerment of borrowing for the Kanuri people and point out the necessity for the language to coin new words (neologism) that could better enrich its lexicon.","PeriodicalId":141411,"journal":{"name":"New Horizons in Education and Social Studies Vol. 9","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123650701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-19DOI: 10.20319/PIJSS.2019.52.212221
C. Yizhe
Depression is a very serious problem in our modern society. It can influence people negatively in many ways. Although many scientists are trying to find efficient ways to deal with depression, there are still no final conclusions. Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), this study shows that in China, internet use among older people (aged 45 and above) helps relieve their depression symptoms. Combining this finding with steadily growing cellphone use, this suggests that developing specially APPs for older people to use smart phones can help combat depression in China. Other ways to reach the rural population via the internet can also be powerful tools to help with depression.
{"title":"Can the Internet Help Relieve Depression?","authors":"C. Yizhe","doi":"10.20319/PIJSS.2019.52.212221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20319/PIJSS.2019.52.212221","url":null,"abstract":"Depression is a very serious problem in our modern society. It can influence people negatively in many ways. Although many scientists are trying to find efficient ways to deal with depression, there are still no final conclusions. Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), this study shows that in China, internet use among older people (aged 45 and above) helps relieve their depression symptoms. Combining this finding with steadily growing cellphone use, this suggests that developing specially APPs for older people to use smart phones can help combat depression in China. Other ways to reach the rural population via the internet can also be powerful tools to help with depression.","PeriodicalId":141411,"journal":{"name":"New Horizons in Education and Social Studies Vol. 9","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129988384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research aimed to address Change Resistance phenomenon in Damietta University from its faculty members’ points of views and the requirements of facing this phenomenon. The research also examined the concept of Change Resistance and change resistance manifestations, change resistance types in Damietta University and the proposed vision to deal with this resistance. Then the research concluded to effective mechanisms through which trend towards change acceptance in Damietta University is promoted. The research analyzed change resistance reality in Damietta University by a specialized field study. The field study revealed that change resistance is the most prominent feature of the faculty members due to several reasons which are considered the major hindrance of change acceptance. The current study offered a proposed vision of change resistance requirements to promote the trend towards development and change among the faculty members of Damietta University in the light of the field study results.
{"title":"Research on Requirements of Facing Change Resistance in Damietta University from Its Faculty Members’ Points of View","authors":"Aly S. Gohar, Mayada M. F. El-Basil, M. Gomaa","doi":"10.4236/CE.2018.916208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/CE.2018.916208","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to address Change Resistance phenomenon in Damietta University from its faculty members’ points of views and the requirements of facing this phenomenon. The research also examined the concept of Change Resistance and change resistance manifestations, change resistance types in Damietta University and the proposed vision to deal with this resistance. Then the research concluded to effective mechanisms through which trend towards change acceptance in Damietta University is promoted. The research analyzed change resistance reality in Damietta University by a specialized field study. The field study revealed that change resistance is the most prominent feature of the faculty members due to several reasons which are considered the major hindrance of change acceptance. The current study offered a proposed vision of change resistance requirements to promote the trend towards development and change among the faculty members of Damietta University in the light of the field study results.","PeriodicalId":141411,"journal":{"name":"New Horizons in Education and Social Studies Vol. 9","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126979212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-02DOI: 10.9734/BPI/NHESS/V9/1619C
S. Taylor
The rise of Neoliberalism since the late twentieth century as the dominant global political and economic ideology has impacted on the social housing sectors in different countries. This ideology has introduced market forces to the provision of social housing which has historically been associated with service provision to fulfil a societal need. This paper looks at the experiences of four countries to understand the impact that marketisation has had on the social housing sector within those countries. The countries chosen have got a number of shared historical commonalities although each has evolved within their own context. The countries looked at are: the Netherlands, United States of America (USA), Australia and United Kingdom. It concludes that the impact of marketisation on the social housing sector has been a reduction in the role of the state although this has to be seen within the specific context of each country.
{"title":"Discussion on Neoliberalism & the Marketisation of Social Housing: A Study of Four Countries","authors":"S. Taylor","doi":"10.9734/BPI/NHESS/V9/1619C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BPI/NHESS/V9/1619C","url":null,"abstract":"The rise of Neoliberalism since the late twentieth century as the dominant global political and economic ideology has impacted on the social housing sectors in different countries. This ideology has introduced market forces to the provision of social housing which has historically been associated with service provision to fulfil a societal need. This paper looks at the experiences of four countries to understand the impact that marketisation has had on the social housing sector within those countries. The countries chosen have got a number of shared historical commonalities although each has evolved within their own context. The countries looked at are: the Netherlands, United States of America (USA), Australia and United Kingdom. It concludes that the impact of marketisation on the social housing sector has been a reduction in the role of the state although this has to be seen within the specific context of each country.","PeriodicalId":141411,"journal":{"name":"New Horizons in Education and Social Studies Vol. 9","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114568656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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