This will be a short genealogy, full of unsupported generalizations plus a prediction or two. First, a definition: What we think of as fantastic literature—incorpo rating elements by turns supernatural, antirepresentational, and gro tesque—is a form that rose to prominence during the Romantic era as a way of overturning the Enlightenment critique of the supernatural. This peculiarly hermetic strain of storytelling, exemplified by a writer such as E. T. A. Hoffmann, flowered in America in the person of Edgar Allan Poe, who in turn exerted a dramatic and enduring influence on the literature of continental Europe that far exceeded his impact on the serious literature of his own country. Over the course of the nineteenth century a second, popular variant of fantastic literature, the Gothic novel, together with its stepchild the Victorian ghost story became perhaps the first truly mass culture literary form. In the twentieth century, however, fantastic literature had absolutely divergent fates in Europe and America. Whereas the Old World saw a resurgence of the fantastic in "high" literature—European antirepresenta tional literature, especially in France and Germany, served as a vehicle of continental avant-garde art movements such as Dadaism, expression ism, surrealism, and futurism—in North America it became confined almost entirely to the mass culture forms. The sophisticated literary experimentation that continued through the rest of the twentieth century
这将是一个简短的家谱，充满了不受支持的概括和一两个预测。首先，一个定义:我们所认为的奇幻文学——包括超自然、反具象和怪诞的元素——是在浪漫主义时代兴起的一种突出形式，它推翻了启蒙运动对超自然的批判。以e·t·a·霍夫曼(E. T. a . Hoffmann)等作家为代表的这种独特的封闭叙事风格，在美国以埃德加·爱伦·坡(Edgar Allan Poe)为代表，后者反过来对欧洲大陆文学产生了戏剧性而持久的影响，远远超过了他对美国严肃文学的影响。在19世纪，奇幻文学的第二种流行变体——哥特小说，连同它的继子——维多利亚时代的鬼故事，可能成为第一个真正的大众文化文学形式。然而，在20世纪，奇幻文学在欧洲和美国有着截然不同的命运。当旧世界看到幻想在“高雅”文学中的复兴——欧洲的反写实文学，特别是在法国和德国，作为大陆前卫艺术运动的载体，如达达主义、表现主义、超现实主义和未来主义——在北美，它几乎完全局限于大众文化形式。这种复杂的文学实验贯穿了整个20世纪
{"title":"THE STRANGE HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN FANTASTIC","authors":"V. Nelson, E. Poe, N. Hawthorne","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.7","url":null,"abstract":"This will be a short genealogy, full of unsupported generalizations plus a prediction or two. First, a definition: What we think of as fantastic literature—incorpo rating elements by turns supernatural, antirepresentational, and gro tesque—is a form that rose to prominence during the Romantic era as a way of overturning the Enlightenment critique of the supernatural. This peculiarly hermetic strain of storytelling, exemplified by a writer such as E. T. A. Hoffmann, flowered in America in the person of Edgar Allan Poe, who in turn exerted a dramatic and enduring influence on the literature of continental Europe that far exceeded his impact on the serious literature of his own country. Over the course of the nineteenth century a second, popular variant of fantastic literature, the Gothic novel, together with its stepchild the Victorian ghost story became perhaps the first truly mass culture literary form. In the twentieth century, however, fantastic literature had absolutely divergent fates in Europe and America. Whereas the Old World saw a resurgence of the fantastic in \"high\" literature—European antirepresenta tional literature, especially in France and Germany, served as a vehicle of continental avant-garde art movements such as Dadaism, expression ism, surrealism, and futurism—in North America it became confined almost entirely to the mass culture forms. The sophisticated literary experimentation that continued through the rest of the twentieth century","PeriodicalId":142310,"journal":{"name":"The Secret Life of Puppets","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115027903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE HERMETICON OF UMBERTUS E.","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":142310,"journal":{"name":"The Secret Life of Puppets","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124543604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TWO OLD BIRDS AND THEIR NEW FEATHERS","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":142310,"journal":{"name":"The Secret Life of Puppets","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127943325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SYMMES HOLE, OR THE SOUTH POLAR GROTTO","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":142310,"journal":{"name":"The Secret Life of Puppets","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117152353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"INDEX","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":142310,"journal":{"name":"The Secret Life of Puppets","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130789111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Door in the Sky","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv15r5ddt","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv15r5ddt","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":142310,"journal":{"name":"The Secret Life of Puppets","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116535520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE GREAT TWENTIETH-CENTURY PUPPET UPGRADE","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":142310,"journal":{"name":"The Secret Life of Puppets","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130353759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IS THIS REAL OR AM I CRAZY?","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":142310,"journal":{"name":"The Secret Life of Puppets","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131664380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE NEW EXPRESSIONISTS","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":142310,"journal":{"name":"The Secret Life of Puppets","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116873832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"H. P. LOVECRAFT AND THE GREAT HERESIES","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv22zp3fd.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":142310,"journal":{"name":"The Secret Life of Puppets","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122918236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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