Pub Date : 2012-07-26DOI: 10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409578
K. Nithyanandan, R. Raja, T. Uthayakumar, K. Porsezian
We investigate the modulational instability (MI) of the optical beam propagating in the relaxing saturable nonlinear system. We identify and discuss the salient features of various functional forms of saturable nonlinear responses such as exponential, conventional and coupled type on the MI spectrum. Using suitable model, the relaxation of the nonlinear response is effectively included alongside the saturable nonlinear response (SNL) of the medium. The linear stability analysis is performed and an explicit dispersion relation is determined for various functional forms of SNL. Firstly, we analyze the impact of SNL on the MI spectrum and found that the MI gain and bandwidth is maximum for exponential nonlinearity in comparison to other types of SNLs. Latter the relaxation of the nonlinearity is included, the inclusion of the finite value of the response time extends the range of the unstable frequencies literally down to infinite frequencies. In the regime of slow response, the MI gets suppressed and it is found to be irrespective of the signs of dispersion coefficient. The saturation on the other hand inhibits the MI with increase in saturation parameter. To give better insight into the MI phenomena, the maximum MI gain and the optimum modulation frequency is drawn as a function of the delay. Thus the MI dynamics in the system of relaxing saturable nonlinear media is emphasized and the significance of various functional forms of SNL are highlighted.
{"title":"Interplay between saturation and relaxation of nonlinear response in the modulational instability of various nonlinear media","authors":"K. Nithyanandan, R. Raja, T. Uthayakumar, K. Porsezian","doi":"10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409578","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the modulational instability (MI) of the optical beam propagating in the relaxing saturable nonlinear system. We identify and discuss the salient features of various functional forms of saturable nonlinear responses such as exponential, conventional and coupled type on the MI spectrum. Using suitable model, the relaxation of the nonlinear response is effectively included alongside the saturable nonlinear response (SNL) of the medium. The linear stability analysis is performed and an explicit dispersion relation is determined for various functional forms of SNL. Firstly, we analyze the impact of SNL on the MI spectrum and found that the MI gain and bandwidth is maximum for exponential nonlinearity in comparison to other types of SNLs. Latter the relaxation of the nonlinearity is included, the inclusion of the finite value of the response time extends the range of the unstable frequencies literally down to infinite frequencies. In the regime of slow response, the MI gets suppressed and it is found to be irrespective of the signs of dispersion coefficient. The saturation on the other hand inhibits the MI with increase in saturation parameter. To give better insight into the MI phenomena, the maximum MI gain and the optimum modulation frequency is drawn as a function of the delay. Thus the MI dynamics in the system of relaxing saturable nonlinear media is emphasized and the significance of various functional forms of SNL are highlighted.","PeriodicalId":142915,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Optical Engineering (ICOE)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127297697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-26DOI: 10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409581
A. Tripathi, A. Singh, G. Soni
A spectrally efficient optical distribution system based on frequency interleaving is investigated. The technique shows effective interleaving of three channels of baseband signals for wired applications with a data rate of 2.5 Gbps and three channels of 62.5 GHz radio-over-fiber for wireless services with a data rate of 1.25 Gbps, with complete spectrum occupying a bandwidth of 110 GHz. The interleaved signal thus contains six users is transmitted over 60 km standard SMF without any dispersion compensation. The performance of this hybrid system is evaluated on the basis of BER, OSNR, Q-factor and receiver sensitivity.
{"title":"DWDM-interleaved photonic architecture for wired and wireless services","authors":"A. Tripathi, A. Singh, G. Soni","doi":"10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409581","url":null,"abstract":"A spectrally efficient optical distribution system based on frequency interleaving is investigated. The technique shows effective interleaving of three channels of baseband signals for wired applications with a data rate of 2.5 Gbps and three channels of 62.5 GHz radio-over-fiber for wireless services with a data rate of 1.25 Gbps, with complete spectrum occupying a bandwidth of 110 GHz. The interleaved signal thus contains six users is transmitted over 60 km standard SMF without any dispersion compensation. The performance of this hybrid system is evaluated on the basis of BER, OSNR, Q-factor and receiver sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":142915,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Optical Engineering (ICOE)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130009522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-26DOI: 10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409592
M. Rao, M. Priya, M. Meenakshi
This paper describes a Multi-Wavelength C-Band Tunable MEMS 2×2-array Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser. Optical detectors, optical filters and Wavelength-tunable lasers play a pivotal role in the future ultrahigh bandwidth dense-wavelength-division-multiplexed (DWDM) optical network, enabling revolutionary new applications such as wavelength-on-demand in a reconfigurable all-optical network. Vertical-cavity Surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) is the key optical source in optical communication. The advantages of VCSEL include simpler fiber coupling, easier packaging and testing, ability to be fabricated in arrays and low cost. The VCSEL array was made to be tunable in C-Band(1520-1550nm) by varying the length of the Fabry Perot(FP) cavity. The FP cavity length is varied by using fixed-fixed beam electrostatic actuation. The VCSEL array is designed on to a single wafer using Intellisuite software and the optical analysis is done by using MATLAB.
{"title":"MEMS-based multiwavelength tunable 2×2 VCSEL array for WDM applications","authors":"M. Rao, M. Priya, M. Meenakshi","doi":"10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409592","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a Multi-Wavelength C-Band Tunable MEMS 2×2-array Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser. Optical detectors, optical filters and Wavelength-tunable lasers play a pivotal role in the future ultrahigh bandwidth dense-wavelength-division-multiplexed (DWDM) optical network, enabling revolutionary new applications such as wavelength-on-demand in a reconfigurable all-optical network. Vertical-cavity Surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) is the key optical source in optical communication. The advantages of VCSEL include simpler fiber coupling, easier packaging and testing, ability to be fabricated in arrays and low cost. The VCSEL array was made to be tunable in C-Band(1520-1550nm) by varying the length of the Fabry Perot(FP) cavity. The FP cavity length is varied by using fixed-fixed beam electrostatic actuation. The VCSEL array is designed on to a single wafer using Intellisuite software and the optical analysis is done by using MATLAB.","PeriodicalId":142915,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Optical Engineering (ICOE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130644436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-26DOI: 10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409568
N. Goto, H. Hiura, Y. Makimoto, K. Inoshita, S. Yanagiya
Optical waveguide circuits for recognition of BPSK, QPSK, and 16QAM coded labels are proposed. The circuits consist of optical passive elements, such as a Y-branching junction, a 3-dB directional coupler, and an asymmetric X-junction coupler. The device performance is analyzed and verified by finite-difference beam propagation method.
{"title":"Optical waveguide circuits for recognition of PSK and QAM coded labels","authors":"N. Goto, H. Hiura, Y. Makimoto, K. Inoshita, S. Yanagiya","doi":"10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409568","url":null,"abstract":"Optical waveguide circuits for recognition of BPSK, QPSK, and 16QAM coded labels are proposed. The circuits consist of optical passive elements, such as a Y-branching junction, a 3-dB directional coupler, and an asymmetric X-junction coupler. The device performance is analyzed and verified by finite-difference beam propagation method.","PeriodicalId":142915,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Optical Engineering (ICOE)","volume":"296 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134476322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-26DOI: 10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409579
E. Gunasundari, K. Senthilnathan, P. R. Babu, S. Sivabalan, K. Nakkeeran
In this paper, we generate bright as well as dark soliton type ultrashort laser pulses in a photonic nanowire. The pulse evolution in the photonic nanowire is described by higher order nonlinear Schrödinger equation with an additional effect relating to the nonlinear change of group velocity, which, in turn, is proportional to the field intensity. The pulse evolution equation is solved by coupled amplitude-phase method. Further, we calculate the minimum power required for realizing the ultrashort laser pulses. The main crux of this work stems from the generation of ultrashort pulses by an entirely new nonlinear effect involving change of group velocity.
{"title":"Generation of bright and dark solitons in photonic nanowire","authors":"E. Gunasundari, K. Senthilnathan, P. R. Babu, S. Sivabalan, K. Nakkeeran","doi":"10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409579","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we generate bright as well as dark soliton type ultrashort laser pulses in a photonic nanowire. The pulse evolution in the photonic nanowire is described by higher order nonlinear Schrödinger equation with an additional effect relating to the nonlinear change of group velocity, which, in turn, is proportional to the field intensity. The pulse evolution equation is solved by coupled amplitude-phase method. Further, we calculate the minimum power required for realizing the ultrashort laser pulses. The main crux of this work stems from the generation of ultrashort pulses by an entirely new nonlinear effect involving change of group velocity.","PeriodicalId":142915,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Optical Engineering (ICOE)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114630253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-26DOI: 10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409587
S. Lee, M. K. Hari
Quadrature Phase Shift Keying along with Polarization Division Multiplexing is used in 100G Fiber Optic Transceivers for maximizing the fiber spectral efficiency. PDM in these systems involve multiplexing of linearly polarized optical signals. In the present article, we extend this concept of polarization multiplexing to circularly polarized signals. Here, for the first time, we propose the use of circularly polarized beams in addition to linearly polarized ones and QPSK for enhancing bit rate of transceivers without affecting the spectral width of the transmitter.
{"title":"Circular polarization division multiplexing for faster coherent fiber optic communication systems","authors":"S. Lee, M. K. Hari","doi":"10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409587","url":null,"abstract":"Quadrature Phase Shift Keying along with Polarization Division Multiplexing is used in 100G Fiber Optic Transceivers for maximizing the fiber spectral efficiency. PDM in these systems involve multiplexing of linearly polarized optical signals. In the present article, we extend this concept of polarization multiplexing to circularly polarized signals. Here, for the first time, we propose the use of circularly polarized beams in addition to linearly polarized ones and QPSK for enhancing bit rate of transceivers without affecting the spectral width of the transmitter.","PeriodicalId":142915,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Optical Engineering (ICOE)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114422571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-26DOI: 10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409594
N. Praveen, S. Vasista, T. Indumathi
ROADMs based on WSS represents the most recent generation. ROADMs are used to add, drop, pass and block wavelengths; and to remotely reconfigure network topologies. The WSS is used to dynamically attenuate, block, switch and route wavelengths independently. In this paper, the spectral waveforms obtained from Wavelength Selective Switches (WSS) after passing through a Gaussian filter are analyzed to evaluate their performance for application in Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers (ROADM) in Optical Networks. We have proposed a new concept of gridless ROADMs that can be used for carrying unusually high speed signals.
{"title":"Spectrum analysis for performance evaluation of wavelength selective switches and gridless ROADMs for next generation networks","authors":"N. Praveen, S. Vasista, T. Indumathi","doi":"10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409594","url":null,"abstract":"ROADMs based on WSS represents the most recent generation. ROADMs are used to add, drop, pass and block wavelengths; and to remotely reconfigure network topologies. The WSS is used to dynamically attenuate, block, switch and route wavelengths independently. In this paper, the spectral waveforms obtained from Wavelength Selective Switches (WSS) after passing through a Gaussian filter are analyzed to evaluate their performance for application in Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers (ROADM) in Optical Networks. We have proposed a new concept of gridless ROADMs that can be used for carrying unusually high speed signals.","PeriodicalId":142915,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Optical Engineering (ICOE)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116161375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-26DOI: 10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409567
J. Johny, S. Shashidharan, S. K. Sudheer
We investigate a linear light propagation mechanism in the photonic crystal fibers infiltrated with nematic liquid crystals which is used for Radio over Fiber (ROF) applications. PCF core region consists of soft glass and has nematic liquid crystal filled holes in the cladding region. Using the designed hexagonal solid core liquid crystal PCF, the wavelength dependent fundamental optical characteristics of single mode photonic crystal fibers (SMPCFs) such as birefringence, effective area, confinement loss and dispersion are numerically investigated. The effects of dispersion in an ROF communication are also analysed in detail. Coding and simulation of the problem have been done using MATLAB and COMSOL softwares.
{"title":"Determination of fiber parameters and the effects of dispersion in a Radio over Fiber system","authors":"J. Johny, S. Shashidharan, S. K. Sudheer","doi":"10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409567","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate a linear light propagation mechanism in the photonic crystal fibers infiltrated with nematic liquid crystals which is used for Radio over Fiber (ROF) applications. PCF core region consists of soft glass and has nematic liquid crystal filled holes in the cladding region. Using the designed hexagonal solid core liquid crystal PCF, the wavelength dependent fundamental optical characteristics of single mode photonic crystal fibers (SMPCFs) such as birefringence, effective area, confinement loss and dispersion are numerically investigated. The effects of dispersion in an ROF communication are also analysed in detail. Coding and simulation of the problem have been done using MATLAB and COMSOL softwares.","PeriodicalId":142915,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Optical Engineering (ICOE)","volume":"234 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122949915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-26DOI: 10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409577
S. N. Shahi, S. Kumar
Using a multi-core or multi-fiber architecture, interchannel nonlinear impairments can be suppressed in a WDM system and transmission reach can be significantly enhanced.
采用多芯或多光纤结构，可以抑制波分复用系统中的信道间非线性损伤，显著提高传输距离。
{"title":"A multi-core or multi-fiber WDM System","authors":"S. N. Shahi, S. Kumar","doi":"10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409577","url":null,"abstract":"Using a multi-core or multi-fiber architecture, interchannel nonlinear impairments can be suppressed in a WDM system and transmission reach can be significantly enhanced.","PeriodicalId":142915,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Optical Engineering (ICOE)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122092477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-26DOI: 10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409583
M. Vikas, G. Umesh, G. Hegde, G. Jagadeesh, K. Reddy
Quantitative molecular density distribution of Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) in turbulent nitrogen jet (Re≈2-3×103) was measured using PLIF technique. The tracer (MEK) was seeded in the nitrogen jet by purging through the liquid MEK at ambient temperature. Planar laser sheet from frequency quadrupled, Q-switched, Nd: YAG laser (266 nm) was used as an excitation source. Emitted fluorescence images of jet flow field were recorded on CMOS camera. To obtain quantitative density profile, the dependence of PLIF intensity on MEK partial pressure was employed. Thus an instantaneous quantitative density image of nitrogen jet, seeded with MEK was obtained.
{"title":"Quantitative density imaging of subsonic jet using planar laser induced fluorescence of MEK","authors":"M. Vikas, G. Umesh, G. Hegde, G. Jagadeesh, K. Reddy","doi":"10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOE.2012.6409583","url":null,"abstract":"Quantitative molecular density distribution of Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) in turbulent nitrogen jet (Re≈2-3×103) was measured using PLIF technique. The tracer (MEK) was seeded in the nitrogen jet by purging through the liquid MEK at ambient temperature. Planar laser sheet from frequency quadrupled, Q-switched, Nd: YAG laser (266 nm) was used as an excitation source. Emitted fluorescence images of jet flow field were recorded on CMOS camera. To obtain quantitative density profile, the dependence of PLIF intensity on MEK partial pressure was employed. Thus an instantaneous quantitative density image of nitrogen jet, seeded with MEK was obtained.","PeriodicalId":142915,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Conference on Optical Engineering (ICOE)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129132804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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