The NoSQL databases that emerged this century were created to solve the limitations of relational database systems due to the different types of data that have appeared for information processing. In this paper, we present the results of a secondary study carried out to find and synthesize the research made up to now on modeling processes, characteristics of the used types of data, and management tools for NoSQL Databases. Currently, four types are recognized and classified according to the data model they use: key-value, document-oriented, column-based, and graph-based. With this study, it was possible to identify that the most frequently type of NoSQL database model is that of documents because it offers greater flexibility and versatility compared to the other three models. Although it offers more complex search methods, in terms of data, column and document schemas are the ones that usually describe their characteristics. It was also possible to observe a trend in the use of the column-oriented model and the document-oriented model in the management tools, and, although they all comply with the basic functionalities, the differences lie in the way in which the information is stored and the way they can be accessed.
{"title":"NoSQL Database Modeling and Management: A Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Raul Aguilar Vera, Andrés Naal Jácome, Julio Díaz Mendoza, Omar Gómez Gómez","doi":"10.19053/01211129.v32.n65.2023.16519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v32.n65.2023.16519","url":null,"abstract":"The NoSQL databases that emerged this century were created to solve the limitations of relational database systems due to the different types of data that have appeared for information processing. In this paper, we present the results of a secondary study carried out to find and synthesize the research made up to now on modeling processes, characteristics of the used types of data, and management tools for NoSQL Databases. Currently, four types are recognized and classified according to the data model they use: key-value, document-oriented, column-based, and graph-based. With this study, it was possible to identify that the most frequently type of NoSQL database model is that of documents because it offers greater flexibility and versatility compared to the other three models. Although it offers more complex search methods, in terms of data, column and document schemas are the ones that usually describe their characteristics. It was also possible to observe a trend in the use of the column-oriented model and the document-oriented model in the management tools, and, although they all comply with the basic functionalities, the differences lie in the way in which the information is stored and the way they can be accessed.","PeriodicalId":142973,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad de Ingeniería","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139333075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-13DOI: 10.19053/01211129.v32.n65.2023.16729
Julián-Gustavo Barrera-Alvarado, Juan Sebastián González-Sanabria, J. Sarmiento-Rojas
The Business Process Management (BPM) methodology is emerging as an essential management philosophy in the optimization of business processes, demonstrating its relevance in the construction sector. In Colombia, where managing construction projects requires a more strategic approach, implementing BPM presents a valuable opportunity to improve efficiency and agility at all stages, from planning to after-sales. The effective integration of BPM represents a significant breakthrough, enabling companies to achieve higher levels of productivity and efficiency in a highly competitive environment. This article proves from the research the importance of the methodology and the potential benefit of its use in the different civil works projects since they are made up of processes. In the end, adopting the BPM methodology in the construction sector will not only optimize the management of projects but will also contribute to the sustainable growth and global development of this fundamental industry.
{"title":"BPM Methodology Applied in Construction Projects: A Reflection","authors":"Julián-Gustavo Barrera-Alvarado, Juan Sebastián González-Sanabria, J. Sarmiento-Rojas","doi":"10.19053/01211129.v32.n65.2023.16729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v32.n65.2023.16729","url":null,"abstract":"The Business Process Management (BPM) methodology is emerging as an essential management philosophy in the optimization of business processes, demonstrating its relevance in the construction sector. In Colombia, where managing construction projects requires a more strategic approach, implementing BPM presents a valuable opportunity to improve efficiency and agility at all stages, from planning to after-sales. The effective integration of BPM represents a significant breakthrough, enabling companies to achieve higher levels of productivity and efficiency in a highly competitive environment. This article proves from the research the importance of the methodology and the potential benefit of its use in the different civil works projects since they are made up of processes. In the end, adopting the BPM methodology in the construction sector will not only optimize the management of projects but will also contribute to the sustainable growth and global development of this fundamental industry.","PeriodicalId":142973,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad de Ingeniería","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139340326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-29DOI: 10.19053/01211129.v32.n65.2023.16054
Ingrid-Katherine Balero-Lozada, César-Augusto Pérez-Mateus, G. Puerto-Leguizamón
This paper presents the design of an optical transport architecture for the fronthaul segment in a 5G New Radio (NR) network based on both polarization and wavelength multiplexing using Polarization Splitters (PS) and an Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG), respectively. The proposed architecture is assessed by the transport of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) services, which allows the definition of different numerologies and service profiles; those are key aspects in the framework of 5G RN. The proposed design shows a flexible and scalable management of numerologies per polarized light component, featuring a suitable response in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER) and Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) measurements for 15 kHz, 30 kHz, and 60kHz subcarrier spacing of an OFDM based on 4QAM modulation format.
{"title":"Optical Transport Architecture for the Fronthaul Segment in a 5G NR Network based on Polarization and Wavelength Multiplexing","authors":"Ingrid-Katherine Balero-Lozada, César-Augusto Pérez-Mateus, G. Puerto-Leguizamón","doi":"10.19053/01211129.v32.n65.2023.16054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v32.n65.2023.16054","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design of an optical transport architecture for the fronthaul segment in a 5G New Radio (NR) network based on both polarization and wavelength multiplexing using Polarization Splitters (PS) and an Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG), respectively. The proposed architecture is assessed by the transport of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) services, which allows the definition of different numerologies and service profiles; those are key aspects in the framework of 5G RN. The proposed design shows a flexible and scalable management of numerologies per polarized light component, featuring a suitable response in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER) and Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) measurements for 15 kHz, 30 kHz, and 60kHz subcarrier spacing of an OFDM based on 4QAM modulation format.","PeriodicalId":142973,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad de Ingeniería","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139348498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development and use of nanosatellites have increased in recent years. Space programs were exclusive to governments with significant capital. Now, nanosatellites have changed the orbital ecosystem and have allowed new regions and a wide range of industries to position themselves in the so-called new space, a growing sector that democratizes the commercialization of space thanks to a smaller, more agile, and affordable technology. Nanosatellites have similar capabilities to their conventional counterparts but are commonly used for highly specific missions such as Earth observation, telecommunications, and meteorology. The complex development of a nanosatellite requires solving different engineering problems to assembly and integrate all hardware and software components into a small space. It requires the monitoring, control, and operation of the satellite’s features from the ground segment. One major challenge is the development of satellite mission control software for both space and ground segments in limited-time scheduled missions. This article describes the integration process of an EPSON M-G364PDCA Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) to a CubeSat platform nanosatellite based on the Danish company GomSpace devices and a CSP protocol. The result is a hardware implementation and software development by the Colombian Air Force (FAC) team as part of the FACSAT-2 program. The integration of these components into the space and ground segment contributes to solve one challenge in the development of control software for space missions, as described above, and becomes the first approach for Colombian space nanosatellites software development. In addition, this research presents the Colombian Air Force configuration for space mission subsystems on the CSP network, the software development for the main on-board computer based on a NanoMind A3200 to setup the IMU —controlled and monitored from the ground segment through a CSP terminal on a Linux server—, and setup telemetry data from space to be sent periodically to the ground segment and stored locally in a MongoDB database for its subsequent visualization and analysis.
{"title":"Software Integration of an IMU Sensor to a CubeSat Platform Based on CSP (CubeSat Space Protocol)","authors":"Sergio-Fernando Barrera-Molano, Javier-Enrique Méndez-Gómez, Dib-Ziyari Salek-Chaves","doi":"10.19053/01211129.v32.n64.2023.15732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v32.n64.2023.15732","url":null,"abstract":"The development and use of nanosatellites have increased in recent years. Space programs were exclusive to governments with significant capital. Now, nanosatellites have changed the orbital ecosystem and have allowed new regions and a wide range of industries to position themselves in the so-called new space, a growing sector that democratizes the commercialization of space thanks to a smaller, more agile, and affordable technology. Nanosatellites have similar capabilities to their conventional counterparts but are commonly used for highly specific missions such as Earth observation, telecommunications, and meteorology. The complex development of a nanosatellite requires solving different engineering problems to assembly and integrate all hardware and software components into a small space. It requires the monitoring, control, and operation of the satellite’s features from the ground segment. One major challenge is the development of satellite mission control software for both space and ground segments in limited-time scheduled missions. This article describes the integration process of an EPSON M-G364PDCA Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) to a CubeSat platform nanosatellite based on the Danish company GomSpace devices and a CSP protocol. The result is a hardware implementation and software development by the Colombian Air Force (FAC) team as part of the FACSAT-2 program. The integration of these components into the space and ground segment contributes to solve one challenge in the development of control software for space missions, as described above, and becomes the first approach for Colombian space nanosatellites software development. In addition, this research presents the Colombian Air Force configuration for space mission subsystems on the CSP network, the software development for the main on-board computer based on a NanoMind A3200 to setup the IMU —controlled and monitored from the ground segment through a CSP terminal on a Linux server—, and setup telemetry data from space to be sent periodically to the ground segment and stored locally in a MongoDB database for its subsequent visualization and analysis.","PeriodicalId":142973,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad de Ingeniería","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139366266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Machine Learning (ML) has positioned itself as one of the best tools to address different problems thanks to its data processing capabilities, as well as the different models, algorithms, and predictive factors that help to solve defined problems. Therefore, this article presents a systematic mapping from 2018 to 2023 focused on the application of ML to gender-based violence. The methodology followed for this study is based on the definition of elements such as research questions, search strings, bibliographic sources, and inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research results allow us to understand the benefits and challenges of using artificial intelligence, precisely one of its branches, ML, to help combat problems in different areas of society, such as education, health, and violence, among others. It also identifies the countries where ML is being researched and the contexts it is applied to. The study discusses the application of ML to combat gender-based violence. After conducting a literature review, beneficial results were found in the application of artificial intelligence and ML. The results obtained in the different articles showed a predictive capacity and improvements compared to currently used systems. However, despite the positive results, no evidence of the development of an ML model or algorithm applied to gender-based violence in Colombia was found in the review.
机器学习（ML）凭借其数据处理能力，以及有助于解决既定问题的不同模型、算法和预测因素，已被定位为解决不同问题的最佳工具之一。因此，本文介绍了从 2018 年到 2023 年的系统规划，重点是将 ML 应用于性别暴力。本研究采用的方法基于对研究问题、搜索字符串、书目来源、纳入和排除标准等要素的定义。研究结果让我们了解了使用人工智能（正是其分支之一--ML）帮助解决教育、卫生和暴力等不同社会领域问题的益处和挑战。它还确定了正在研究 ML 的国家及其应用环境。本研究讨论了应用 ML 打击性别暴力的问题。在进行文献综述后，发现了人工智能和 ML 应用方面的有益成果。不同文章中获得的结果表明，与目前使用的系统相比，人工智能具有预测能力并有所改进。然而，尽管取得了积极成果，但在审查中并未发现开发出适用于哥伦比亚性别暴力的人工智能模型或算法的证据。
{"title":"Machine Learning Applied to Gender Violence: A Systematic Mapping Study","authors":"Cristian-Camilo Pinto-Muñoz, Jhon-Alex Zuñiga-Samboni, Hugo-Armando Ordoñez-Erazo","doi":"10.19053/01211129.v32.n64.2023.15944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v32.n64.2023.15944","url":null,"abstract":"Machine Learning (ML) has positioned itself as one of the best tools to address different problems thanks to its data processing capabilities, as well as the different models, algorithms, and predictive factors that help to solve defined problems. Therefore, this article presents a systematic mapping from 2018 to 2023 focused on the application of ML to gender-based violence. The methodology followed for this study is based on the definition of elements such as research questions, search strings, bibliographic sources, and inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research results allow us to understand the benefits and challenges of using artificial intelligence, precisely one of its branches, ML, to help combat problems in different areas of society, such as education, health, and violence, among others. It also identifies the countries where ML is being researched and the contexts it is applied to. The study discusses the application of ML to combat gender-based violence. After conducting a literature review, beneficial results were found in the application of artificial intelligence and ML. The results obtained in the different articles showed a predictive capacity and improvements compared to currently used systems. However, despite the positive results, no evidence of the development of an ML model or algorithm applied to gender-based violence in Colombia was found in the review.","PeriodicalId":142973,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad de Ingeniería","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139369270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-29DOI: 10.19053/01211129.V30.N55.2021.11570
Á. Villabona-Ortíz, C. Tejada-Tovar, Lenis De-La-Rosa-Jiménez
The objective of the present investigation was to construct an electrocoagulation cell in a batch system and to evaluate its capacity to remove the anionic surfactant of the linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), which is present in gray water determining the effect of the type of electrodes (Al or Fe), distance between electrodes (1, 1.5 and 2 cm) and voltages (10, 15 and 20 V). The experimental tests were carried out for 20 min. The dimensions of the short wave electrolysis cell built in glass were 26 cm long, 7 cm wide and 12 cm high, with 10 electrodes of 12x6 cm supported by a PVC structure. The concentration of LAS in the solution was determined by employing UV-Vis spectrometry applying the Methylene Blue Active Substances (MBAS) method. A higher removal of 65.55% was obtained when aluminum electrodes were used, and 69.11% with iron electrodes a separation of 1.5 cm and a voltage of 20 V, presenting less change in pH, conductivity, and energy consumption when using the Al3 electrode. When evaluating the effect of time at the best experimental configuration (Al, 1.5 cm, 20 V) it was established that the removal efficiency increased to 75.13% in 60 min. Electrocoagulation with aluminum electrodes is presented as an efficient alternative for the removal of LAS in solution.
{"title":"Evaluation of Parameters in the Removal of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate Anionic Surfactant Using Electrocoagulation","authors":"Á. Villabona-Ortíz, C. Tejada-Tovar, Lenis De-La-Rosa-Jiménez","doi":"10.19053/01211129.V30.N55.2021.11570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.V30.N55.2021.11570","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present investigation was to construct an electrocoagulation cell in a batch system and to evaluate its capacity to remove the anionic surfactant of the linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), which is present in gray water determining the effect of the type of electrodes (Al or Fe), distance between electrodes (1, 1.5 and 2 cm) and voltages (10, 15 and 20 V). The experimental tests were carried out for 20 min. The dimensions of the short wave electrolysis cell built in glass were 26 cm long, 7 cm wide and 12 cm high, with 10 electrodes of 12x6 cm supported by a PVC structure. The concentration of LAS in the solution was determined by employing UV-Vis spectrometry applying the Methylene Blue Active Substances (MBAS) method. A higher removal of 65.55% was obtained when aluminum electrodes were used, and 69.11% with iron electrodes a separation of 1.5 cm and a voltage of 20 V, presenting less change in pH, conductivity, and energy consumption when using the Al3 electrode. When evaluating the effect of time at the best experimental configuration (Al, 1.5 cm, 20 V) it was established that the removal efficiency increased to 75.13% in 60 min. Electrocoagulation with aluminum electrodes is presented as an efficient alternative for the removal of LAS in solution.","PeriodicalId":142973,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad de Ingeniería","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128239966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-07DOI: 10.19053/01211129.v29.n54.2020.11528
David-Roberto Olaya-Escobar, Leonardo-Augusto Quintana-Jiménez, E. González-Jimenez, Erika-Sofia Olaya-Escobar
Reducing the viscosity of heavy oil through upgrading techniques is crucial to maintaining the demand for oil, which is growing at an annual rate of 1.8%. The phenomenon of acoustic cavitation occurs when ultrasound is applied in the treatment of heavy crudes. This is an emerging technology that is being developed to improve the physical and chemical properties of highly viscous crudes, which facilitates handling, increases the proportion of light factions, and improves their price in the market. Taking into account that it does not yet operate on an industrial scale, a bibliographic review of the advances in acoustic cavitation technology with ultrasound for the improvement of heavy crude is justified, to contribute to the development of its industrial application by identifying new approaches and research guidelines in engineering and science. The objective of this article is to show the advance of said technology and describe the experiments carried out by various authors. For this purpose, a literature review was conducted with documents published from 1970 to 2020, which were compiled through a systematic search in academic databases. As a result of this review, some conceptual gaps and deficiencies in the phenomenological foundation were found, which explain the current difficulties to implement experimental tests and design the process at larger scales. These deficiencies limit the quality and repeatability of the results. A need was also identified to focus the efforts on a systematic experimentation that fulfills the laboratory and pilot plant phases, which are essential to take these technologies to an industrial scale.
{"title":"Ultrasound Applied in the Reduction of Viscosity of Heavy Crude Oil","authors":"David-Roberto Olaya-Escobar, Leonardo-Augusto Quintana-Jiménez, E. González-Jimenez, Erika-Sofia Olaya-Escobar","doi":"10.19053/01211129.v29.n54.2020.11528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v29.n54.2020.11528","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing the viscosity of heavy oil through upgrading techniques is crucial to maintaining the demand for oil, which is growing at an annual rate of 1.8%. The phenomenon of acoustic cavitation occurs when ultrasound is applied in the treatment of heavy crudes. This is an emerging technology that is being developed to improve the physical and chemical properties of highly viscous crudes, which facilitates handling, increases the proportion of light factions, and improves their price in the market. Taking into account that it does not yet operate on an industrial scale, a bibliographic review of the advances in acoustic cavitation technology with ultrasound for the improvement of heavy crude is justified, to contribute to the development of its industrial application by identifying new approaches and research guidelines in engineering and science. The objective of this article is to show the advance of said technology and describe the experiments carried out by various authors. For this purpose, a literature review was conducted with documents published from 1970 to 2020, which were compiled through a systematic search in academic databases. As a result of this review, some conceptual gaps and deficiencies in the phenomenological foundation were found, which explain the current difficulties to implement experimental tests and design the process at larger scales. These deficiencies limit the quality and repeatability of the results. A need was also identified to focus the efforts on a systematic experimentation that fulfills the laboratory and pilot plant phases, which are essential to take these technologies to an industrial scale.","PeriodicalId":142973,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad de Ingeniería","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132949236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-03DOI: 10.19053/01211129.v29.n54.2020.10416
José Ignacio Marulanda-Bernal, Wilson Henry Gallo-Castrillón, D. M. Mosquera-Palacio
espanolEl presente trabajo se centra en la caracterizacion estructural, morfologica y dielectrica de peliculas de titanato de bario (BTO o BaTiO3por su formula quimica) depositadas mediante la tecnica que proporciona recubrimiento por medio de un sistema de rotacion (spin coating) sobre substratos de silicio cristalino (Si) y resonadores CPW a traves del metodo Sol-Gel, utilizando una relacion molar Ba/Ti de 0.5/0.5. Las guias de ondas se fabricaron sobre substratos de alumina (Al2O3) con 3 m de metalizacion en oro (Au) empleando la tecnica de ablacion laser. La microscopia electronica de barrido (SEM) con espectrometria de dispersion de energia de rayos X (EDS) permitio evidenciar la existencia de una pelicula de BTO con una composicion elemental de 14.62 % de bario y 5.65 % de titanio, ademas de un espesor de 0.77 m medido utilizando la modalidad perfilometrica de la microscopia de fuerza atomica (AFM). La caracterizacion dielectrica se llevo a cabo mediante la comparacion de la respuesta en frecuencia (parametro S21) de un resonador CPW con pelicula de BTO depositada y otro resonador de referencia (sin pelicula) usando un analizador vectorial de red (VNA). Estas medidas se comparan a su vez con simulaciones computacionales para obtener las propiedades dielectricas. Para la pelicula de BTO se determino una constante dielectrica relativa (r) de 160 con tangente de perdida (Tan) de 0.012 para una frecuencia de 3.60 GHz. La constante dielectrica y la propiedad ferroelectrica del material elaborado son caracteristicas bastante promisorias para aplicaciones en circuitos de microondas, tales como miniaturizacion y sintonizabilidad. EnglishThe present work focuses on the structural, morphological and dielectric characterization of barium titanate films (BTO or BaTiO3 due to its chemical formula) deposited by spin coating on crystalline silicon (Si) substrates and CPW resonators using the Sol-Gel technique with a Ba/Ti molar ratio of 0.5/0.5. The coplanar waveguides were manufactured on alumina substrates (Al2O3) with 3 m of gold (Au) metallization using the laser ablation technique. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with X-ray energy dispersion spectrometry (EDS) showed the existence of a BTO film with an elementary composition of 14.62% barium and 5.65% titanium, with a thickness of 0.77 m measured using the profilometric mode of the atomic force microscopy (AFM). Dielectric characterization was carried out by comparing the frequency response (parameter S21) of a CPW resonator with deposited BTO film and another reference resonator (without film) using a network vector analyzer (VNA). These measurements are compared in turn with computational simulations to obtain the dielectric properties. For the BTO film a relative dielectric constant (r) of 160 was determined with a loss tangent (Tan) of 0.012 for a frequency of 3.60 GHz. The dielectric constant and the ferroelectric property of the material produced are quite promising for applications in m
{"title":"Caracterización en frecuencia de microondas de películas de titanato de bario obtenidas vía Sol-Gel","authors":"José Ignacio Marulanda-Bernal, Wilson Henry Gallo-Castrillón, D. M. Mosquera-Palacio","doi":"10.19053/01211129.v29.n54.2020.10416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v29.n54.2020.10416","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl presente trabajo se centra en la caracterizacion estructural, morfologica y dielectrica de peliculas de titanato de bario (BTO o BaTiO3por su formula quimica) depositadas mediante la tecnica que proporciona recubrimiento por medio de un sistema de rotacion (spin coating) sobre substratos de silicio cristalino (Si) y resonadores CPW a traves del metodo Sol-Gel, utilizando una relacion molar Ba/Ti de 0.5/0.5. Las guias de ondas se fabricaron sobre substratos de alumina (Al2O3) con 3 m de metalizacion en oro (Au) empleando la tecnica de ablacion laser. La microscopia electronica de barrido (SEM) con espectrometria de dispersion de energia de rayos X (EDS) permitio evidenciar la existencia de una pelicula de BTO con una composicion elemental de 14.62 % de bario y 5.65 % de titanio, ademas de un espesor de 0.77 m medido utilizando la modalidad perfilometrica de la microscopia de fuerza atomica (AFM). La caracterizacion dielectrica se llevo a cabo mediante la comparacion de la respuesta en frecuencia (parametro S21) de un resonador CPW con pelicula de BTO depositada y otro resonador de referencia (sin pelicula) usando un analizador vectorial de red (VNA). Estas medidas se comparan a su vez con simulaciones computacionales para obtener las propiedades dielectricas. Para la pelicula de BTO se determino una constante dielectrica relativa (r) de 160 con tangente de perdida (Tan) de 0.012 para una frecuencia de 3.60 GHz. La constante dielectrica y la propiedad ferroelectrica del material elaborado son caracteristicas bastante promisorias para aplicaciones en circuitos de microondas, tales como miniaturizacion y sintonizabilidad. EnglishThe present work focuses on the structural, morphological and dielectric characterization of barium titanate films (BTO or BaTiO3 due to its chemical formula) deposited by spin coating on crystalline silicon (Si) substrates and CPW resonators using the Sol-Gel technique with a Ba/Ti molar ratio of 0.5/0.5. The coplanar waveguides were manufactured on alumina substrates (Al2O3) with 3 m of gold (Au) metallization using the laser ablation technique. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with X-ray energy dispersion spectrometry (EDS) showed the existence of a BTO film with an elementary composition of 14.62% barium and 5.65% titanium, with a thickness of 0.77 m measured using the profilometric mode of the atomic force microscopy (AFM). Dielectric characterization was carried out by comparing the frequency response (parameter S21) of a CPW resonator with deposited BTO film and another reference resonator (without film) using a network vector analyzer (VNA). These measurements are compared in turn with computational simulations to obtain the dielectric properties. For the BTO film a relative dielectric constant (r) of 160 was determined with a loss tangent (Tan) of 0.012 for a frequency of 3.60 GHz. The dielectric constant and the ferroelectric property of the material produced are quite promising for applications in m","PeriodicalId":142973,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad de Ingeniería","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121992757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-07DOI: 10.19053/01211129.v28.n49.2018.8745
S. Vijay
Waste disposal has become a serious issue worldwide due to the huge amount of by-products generated by refineries and smelting industries that threat the environment if they are disposed inefficiently. Development of roads leads to a large usage of vehicles and, hence, a large amount of rubber waste (i.e., from tyres). Given that storing this material pollutes the environment, its recycled reused is currently trending. Various percentages of crumb rubber (0, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40 and 50) were mixed with highly and low compressible clay to understand the strength and penetration characteristics of the modified clay. Additionally, the thickness reduction of the pavement layer that reduces construction costs was visualize.
{"title":"Stress-strain and penetration characteristics of clay modified with crumb rubber","authors":"S. Vijay","doi":"10.19053/01211129.v28.n49.2018.8745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v28.n49.2018.8745","url":null,"abstract":"Waste disposal has become a serious issue worldwide due to the huge amount of by-products generated by refineries and smelting industries that threat the environment if they are disposed inefficiently. Development of roads leads to a large usage of vehicles and, hence, a large amount of rubber waste (i.e., from tyres). Given that storing this material pollutes the environment, its recycled reused is currently trending. Various percentages of crumb rubber (0, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40 and 50) were mixed with highly and low compressible clay to understand the strength and penetration characteristics of the modified clay. Additionally, the thickness reduction of the pavement layer that reduces construction costs was visualize.","PeriodicalId":142973,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad de Ingeniería","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127199266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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