Vigilantism refers to organized civilians acting in a policing role without any legal authorization, using or displaying a capacity for violence, claiming that the police (or other homeland security agencies) are either unable or unwilling to handle a perceived crime problem. Vigilante activities are often targeting migrants and minorities, based on allegations that these categories of people are sources of crime.
{"title":"Vigilantism against Migrants and Minorities","authors":"M. Mareš, T. Bjørgo","doi":"10.4324/9780429485619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429485619","url":null,"abstract":"Vigilantism refers to organized civilians acting in a policing\u0000role without any legal authorization, using or displaying a\u0000capacity for violence, claiming that the police (or other\u0000homeland security agencies) are either unable or unwilling to\u0000handle a perceived crime problem. Vigilante activities are\u0000often targeting migrants and minorities, based on allegations\u0000that these categories of people are sources of crime.","PeriodicalId":143052,"journal":{"name":"Vigilantism against Migrants and Minorities","volume":"217 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114982929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-18DOI: 10.4324/9780429485619-19
T. Bjørgo, M. Mareš
The notion of vigilantism covers a wide variety of phenomena. This volume has concentrated on vigilantism targeting migrants and minorities. Even within this broad category, our 17 case studies have described a wide variety of vigilante activities, diverging in modus operandi, target groups, levels of violence used, and degrees of support or opposition from the police, other governmental agencies, and political organizations. This concluding chapter will explore the research questions we listed at the beginning of the Introduction chapter.
{"title":"Comparative perspectives on vigilantism against migrants and minorities","authors":"T. Bjørgo, M. Mareš","doi":"10.4324/9780429485619-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429485619-19","url":null,"abstract":"The notion of vigilantism covers a wide variety of phenomena.\u0000This volume has concentrated on vigilantism targeting migrants\u0000and minorities. Even within this broad category, our 17 case\u0000studies have described a wide variety of vigilante activities,\u0000diverging in modus operandi, target groups, levels of violence\u0000used, and degrees of support or opposition from the police,\u0000other governmental agencies, and political organizations. This\u0000concluding chapter will explore the research questions we\u0000listed at the beginning of the Introduction chapter.","PeriodicalId":143052,"journal":{"name":"Vigilantism against Migrants and Minorities","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125825259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ku Klux Klan","authors":"Kathleen M. Blee, Mehr Latif","doi":"10.4324/9780429485619-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429485619-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143052,"journal":{"name":"Vigilantism against Migrants and Minorities","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116176190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vigilantism has a long tradition in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, dating back to the interwar Czechoslovakia. Historically, it was connected mostly with extreme right and this orientation was manifested in the first vigilante groups formed after the fall of communism. Vigilantes coming from the right-wing extremist milieu in both countries targeted predominantly Roma and ethnic minorities and some even used the legacy of the various interwar paramilitary groups. The major cause of vigilante activities in the Czech Republic and in Slovakia until recently was connected with strong anti-Gypsyism in both countries, which was gradually replaced with an anti-migration focus. In a more recent development, both Slovakia and the Czech Republic witnessed the formation of vigilante groups coming from pro-Kremlin groups involved in more pronounced paramilitary activities, often composed of former soldiers. The existence of the vigilante groups hostile to the democratic system creates a security risk, since they could be used for subversive activities by state actors or as one element of hybrid threats.
{"title":"Vigilantism against migrants and minorities in Slovakia and in the Czech Republic","authors":"M. Mareš, Daniel S. Milo","doi":"10.4324/9780429485619-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429485619-8","url":null,"abstract":"Vigilantism has a long tradition in the Czech Republic and\u0000Slovakia, dating back to the interwar Czechoslovakia.\u0000Historically, it was connected mostly with extreme right and\u0000this orientation was manifested in the first vigilante groups\u0000formed after the fall of communism. Vigilantes coming from the\u0000right-wing extremist milieu in both countries targeted\u0000predominantly Roma and ethnic minorities and some even used the\u0000legacy of the various interwar paramilitary groups. The major\u0000cause of vigilante activities in the Czech Republic and in\u0000Slovakia until recently was connected with strong anti-Gypsyism\u0000in both countries, which was gradually replaced with an\u0000anti-migration focus. In a more recent development, both\u0000Slovakia and the Czech Republic witnessed the formation of\u0000vigilante groups coming from pro-Kremlin groups involved in\u0000more pronounced paramilitary activities, often composed of\u0000former soldiers. The existence of the vigilante groups hostile\u0000to the democratic system creates a security risk, since they\u0000could be used for subversive activities by state actors or as\u0000one element of hybrid threats.","PeriodicalId":143052,"journal":{"name":"Vigilantism against Migrants and Minorities","volume":"442 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125778711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-18DOI: 10.4324/9780429485619-12
Pietro Castelli Gattinara
{"title":"Forza Nuova and the security walks","authors":"Pietro Castelli Gattinara","doi":"10.4324/9780429485619-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429485619-12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143052,"journal":{"name":"Vigilantism against Migrants and Minorities","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124148945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anti-immigration militias and vigilante groups in Germany","authors":"D. Koehler","doi":"10.4324/9780429485619-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429485619-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143052,"journal":{"name":"Vigilantism against Migrants and Minorities","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128387558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-18DOI: 10.4324/9780429485619-14
Elizabeth Ralph-Morrow
{"title":"Vigilantism in the United Kingdom","authors":"Elizabeth Ralph-Morrow","doi":"10.4324/9780429485619-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429485619-14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143052,"journal":{"name":"Vigilantism against Migrants and Minorities","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123238498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-18DOI: 10.4324/9780429485619-17
Emil Archambault, Y. Veilleux-Lepage
{"title":"The Soldiers of Odin in Canada","authors":"Emil Archambault, Y. Veilleux-Lepage","doi":"10.4324/9780429485619-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429485619-17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143052,"journal":{"name":"Vigilantism against Migrants and Minorities","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115828318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-18DOI: 10.4324/9780429485619-15
Tommi Kotonen
{"title":"The Soldiers of Odin Finland","authors":"Tommi Kotonen","doi":"10.4324/9780429485619-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429485619-15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143052,"journal":{"name":"Vigilantism against Migrants and Minorities","volume":"132 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124255124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vigilante militias and activities against Roma and migrants in Hungary","authors":"Szilveszter Póczik, E. Sárik","doi":"10.4324/9780429485619-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429485619-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143052,"journal":{"name":"Vigilantism against Migrants and Minorities","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129663589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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