ABSTRACT The delta of the Nile as it enters Lake Albert is part of a Ramsar site and supports 35 km2 of papyrus swamp through which run channels of the river. For 12 months in 2017-2018, we made monthly bird counts, each of ten minutes, at 20 points along swamp edges. Overall, 143 species were recorded, of which 13 were particularly common in the papyrus, and a similar number along the channels. Of seven papyrus-restricted species observed, three are globally red-listed notably papyrus gonolek and shoebill. Most species are resident, but white-winged terns and several hirundine species were seasonally common. Our baseline counts should be repeated in future years as well as recording potential threats—climate change, oil and gas operations and other human activities. Most, but not all, of the Ramsar site is within Murchison Falls National Park, which is well-protected; if possible, the protection should be extended to the whole site.
尼罗河三角洲进入阿尔伯特湖，是拉姆萨尔湿地的一部分，支持35平方公里的纸莎草沼泽，流经河道。在2017-2018年的12个月里，我们每月在沼泽边缘的20个点进行鸟类计数，每次10分钟。总的来说，记录了143种，其中13种在纸莎草纸上特别常见，在河道沿线也有类似的数量。在观察到的七种纸莎草限制物种中，有三种是全球红色名录，特别是纸莎草gonolek和shoebill。大多数物种是常住的，但白翅燕鸥和一些水鸟物种是季节性的。我们应该在未来几年重复我们的基线计数，同时记录潜在的威胁——气候变化、石油和天然气作业以及其他人类活动。拉姆萨尔的大部分(但不是全部)都在默奇森瀑布国家公园(Murchison Falls National Park)内，该公园受到了很好的保护;如有可能，应将保护范围扩大到整个场地。
{"title":"Birds of an Extensive Papyrus Swamp in Uganda and Their Conservation","authors":"M. Kibuule, George Kaphu, D. Ochanda, D. Pomeroy","doi":"10.2982/028.111.0204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2982/028.111.0204","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The delta of the Nile as it enters Lake Albert is part of a Ramsar site and supports 35 km2 of papyrus swamp through which run channels of the river. For 12 months in 2017-2018, we made monthly bird counts, each of ten minutes, at 20 points along swamp edges. Overall, 143 species were recorded, of which 13 were particularly common in the papyrus, and a similar number along the channels. Of seven papyrus-restricted species observed, three are globally red-listed notably papyrus gonolek and shoebill. Most species are resident, but white-winged terns and several hirundine species were seasonally common. Our baseline counts should be repeated in future years as well as recording potential threats—climate change, oil and gas operations and other human activities. Most, but not all, of the Ramsar site is within Murchison Falls National Park, which is well-protected; if possible, the protection should be extended to the whole site.","PeriodicalId":143820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of East African Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131317026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Kim Monroe Howell: In Memoriam","authors":"","doi":"10.2982/028.111.0201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2982/028.111.0201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of East African Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115955736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"First Records of Two Potentially Invasive Daisy (Compositae) Species from Laikipia, Kenya","authors":"K. Matheka, Judith W. Nyamai, I. Malombe","doi":"10.2982/028.111.0205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2982/028.111.0205","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of East African Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127952635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Wildlife management areas (WMAs) have been used as a wildlife conservation model with a dual purpose: improving wildlife conservation and livelihoods of rural communities. While some WMAs such as Burunge WMA have been found to support species-rich and abundant wildlife communities, particularly large mammals, some wildlife taxa, including birds, have not been thoroughly studied. This study reports on the bird species (as well as their relative abundances) found in Acacia woodlands in Burunge WMA. From 106, 20-species lists, 145 species were observed, including 22 out of 77 Somali – Masai biome-restricted species found in Tanzania. The results suggest that the Acacia woodlands in Burunge WMA provide habitats for a diversity of birds. Given the diverse avifauna, the Burunge WMA remains as an important birding site within the Tarangire – Manyara ecosystem, and therefore, improving awareness will not only make the area potential for avitourism, but also encourage further avian research.
{"title":"A Contribution to the Avifauna of the Acacia Woodlands in Burunge Wildlife Management Area, Northern Tanzania","authors":"C. Werema","doi":"10.2982/028.111.0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2982/028.111.0103","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Wildlife management areas (WMAs) have been used as a wildlife conservation model with a dual purpose: improving wildlife conservation and livelihoods of rural communities. While some WMAs such as Burunge WMA have been found to support species-rich and abundant wildlife communities, particularly large mammals, some wildlife taxa, including birds, have not been thoroughly studied. This study reports on the bird species (as well as their relative abundances) found in Acacia woodlands in Burunge WMA. From 106, 20-species lists, 145 species were observed, including 22 out of 77 Somali – Masai biome-restricted species found in Tanzania. The results suggest that the Acacia woodlands in Burunge WMA provide habitats for a diversity of birds. Given the diverse avifauna, the Burunge WMA remains as an important birding site within the Tarangire – Manyara ecosystem, and therefore, improving awareness will not only make the area potential for avitourism, but also encourage further avian research.","PeriodicalId":143820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of East African Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125437839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT From 2003-2008, during soil zoological surveys in the Kibira National Park, Burundi, millipedes of the genus Eviulisoma were collected. Samples of E. cylindricum and E. silvaticum were recovered in addition to those containing two new species. Eviulisoma kirama sp. nov. and Eviulisoma nzigidahera sp. nov. are described and additional records, illustrations, and descriptive notes are given for the other two species. A key for the Burundian species and a distribution map for all species of the genus is presented.
{"title":"First Records of the Millipede Genus Eviulisoma (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae) from Burundi, with Descriptions of Two New Species","authors":"D. Vandenspiegel, D. Ntashavu","doi":"10.2982/028.111.0102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2982/028.111.0102","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT From 2003-2008, during soil zoological surveys in the Kibira National Park, Burundi, millipedes of the genus Eviulisoma were collected. Samples of E. cylindricum and E. silvaticum were recovered in addition to those containing two new species. Eviulisoma kirama sp. nov. and Eviulisoma nzigidahera sp. nov. are described and additional records, illustrations, and descriptive notes are given for the other two species. A key for the Burundian species and a distribution map for all species of the genus is presented.","PeriodicalId":143820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of East African Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123406444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Despite its small geographical size and its tumultuous recent political history, Rwanda is home to a diverse mammal fauna. Having reviewed 53 published books and papers, including the six volumes of Mammals of Africa, I have developed a simple checklist of all mammals recorded within Parc National des Volcans, Akagera National Park, Nyungwe National Park, and along the eastern shore of Lake Kivu. With a few exceptions, almost all of Rwanda's mammal species are represented in these four areas. A total of 205 species were identified within these four areas, though the presence of some species may be in doubt, some may become locally extirpated, and a few additional species may be found with more ground surveys.
{"title":"A Checklist of the Mammals of Rwanda","authors":"Zarek S. Cockar","doi":"10.2982/028.111.0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2982/028.111.0101","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite its small geographical size and its tumultuous recent political history, Rwanda is home to a diverse mammal fauna. Having reviewed 53 published books and papers, including the six volumes of Mammals of Africa, I have developed a simple checklist of all mammals recorded within Parc National des Volcans, Akagera National Park, Nyungwe National Park, and along the eastern shore of Lake Kivu. With a few exceptions, almost all of Rwanda's mammal species are represented in these four areas. A total of 205 species were identified within these four areas, though the presence of some species may be in doubt, some may become locally extirpated, and a few additional species may be found with more ground surveys.","PeriodicalId":143820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of East African Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124436377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fluttering Beauty with Benefits: The Butterflies of the Taita Hills","authors":"S. Collins","doi":"10.2982/028.110.0203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2982/028.110.0203","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of East African Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116886073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Field Guide to the Forest Trees of Uganda","authors":"B. Bytebier","doi":"10.2982/028.110.0204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2982/028.110.0204","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of East African Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127155249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Homeothermic animals have regulatory mechanisms to maintain a constant body temperature in response to harsh climatic conditions. In low latitude areas near the equator, animals have adapted a coat to avoid strong UV rays, but a thick coat interferes with heat dissipation due to high daytime temperatures. Therefore, animals spend hot hours in cool shade or dens as the most common method to avoid overheating Alternatively, some animals cool themselves by bathing with sand, mud or water. Spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) are medium-sized carnivorous animals weighing about 45–70 kg, and aredouble coated. Bathing is a well-known behaviour in spotted hyenas, but it is not clear from natural historical descriptions whether their bathing is a heat-resistant behaviour. Here we report on two bathing observation cases of hyena and describe them with reference to the heat resistance function of bathing based on the time and temperature at which observations occurred. A wild hyena of a four-headed clan inhabiting Laikipia, Kenya bathed in a pool at around 18:00 h and 9:00 h in the dry season. The temperature at 18:00 h showed largest difference from the highest annual mean temperature. The bathing at 9:00 h in the morning was the time when the temperature began to rise. These observations suggest that hyena bathing may be a heat-avoiding behaviour. Bathing also has other functions such as parasite extermination, play and ambush hunting, hence more observations are needed in the future.
{"title":"Bathing Behaviour in Spotted Hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) in Laikipia, Kenya: Two Observational Cases","authors":"A. Matsumoto-Oda","doi":"10.2982/028.110.0202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2982/028.110.0202","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Homeothermic animals have regulatory mechanisms to maintain a constant body temperature in response to harsh climatic conditions. In low latitude areas near the equator, animals have adapted a coat to avoid strong UV rays, but a thick coat interferes with heat dissipation due to high daytime temperatures. Therefore, animals spend hot hours in cool shade or dens as the most common method to avoid overheating Alternatively, some animals cool themselves by bathing with sand, mud or water. Spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) are medium-sized carnivorous animals weighing about 45–70 kg, and aredouble coated. Bathing is a well-known behaviour in spotted hyenas, but it is not clear from natural historical descriptions whether their bathing is a heat-resistant behaviour. Here we report on two bathing observation cases of hyena and describe them with reference to the heat resistance function of bathing based on the time and temperature at which observations occurred. A wild hyena of a four-headed clan inhabiting Laikipia, Kenya bathed in a pool at around 18:00 h and 9:00 h in the dry season. The temperature at 18:00 h showed largest difference from the highest annual mean temperature. The bathing at 9:00 h in the morning was the time when the temperature began to rise. These observations suggest that hyena bathing may be a heat-avoiding behaviour. Bathing also has other functions such as parasite extermination, play and ambush hunting, hence more observations are needed in the future.","PeriodicalId":143820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of East African Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133431839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT As humans modify native ecosystems with increasing frequency, natural habitats including forests are lost. Under such circumstances, secondary forests can increasingly be important to conservation of biodiversity at landscape scales. However, in East Africa, little is known about avian community composition in regenerating secondary forests. In this study, avian diversity of a regenerating secondary forest was assessed in Pangani, northeastern Tanzania, using point counts. Sixty point counts were conducted for a duration of 12 days in about 90 ha of the regenerating secondary forest. Thirty species were found to utilise the regenerating secondary forest, of which 12 are categorized as forest-dependent species, and 12 were forest visitors. Using the same sampling effort in the adjoining riverine forest, there were 42 bird species, of which 11 and 13 were forest-dependent species and forest visitors, respectively. These results suggest that the regenerating secondary forest provided a habitat for a number of bird species including forest-dependent species and a few intra-African migrants, and it is thus of conservation value, at least at a local scale. Maintaining such regenerating secondary forests can provide greater landscape connectivity for the survival and, possibly, dispersal of birds.
{"title":"The Avifauna of a Naturally Regenerating Secondary Forest, Pangani, North-Eastern Tanzania","authors":"C. Werema","doi":"10.2982/028.110.0201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2982/028.110.0201","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As humans modify native ecosystems with increasing frequency, natural habitats including forests are lost. Under such circumstances, secondary forests can increasingly be important to conservation of biodiversity at landscape scales. However, in East Africa, little is known about avian community composition in regenerating secondary forests. In this study, avian diversity of a regenerating secondary forest was assessed in Pangani, northeastern Tanzania, using point counts. Sixty point counts were conducted for a duration of 12 days in about 90 ha of the regenerating secondary forest. Thirty species were found to utilise the regenerating secondary forest, of which 12 are categorized as forest-dependent species, and 12 were forest visitors. Using the same sampling effort in the adjoining riverine forest, there were 42 bird species, of which 11 and 13 were forest-dependent species and forest visitors, respectively. These results suggest that the regenerating secondary forest provided a habitat for a number of bird species including forest-dependent species and a few intra-African migrants, and it is thus of conservation value, at least at a local scale. Maintaining such regenerating secondary forests can provide greater landscape connectivity for the survival and, possibly, dispersal of birds.","PeriodicalId":143820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of East African Natural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129957085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：