International journal of systematic bacteriology最新文献

A soil isolate representing the putatively novel species 'Nocardia uniformis' was found to have morphological, staining and chemotaxonomic properties consistent with its classification in the genus Nocardia. An almost complete sequence of the 16S rDNA of the strain was determined following cloning and sequencing of the amplified gene. The sequence was aligned with those available for nocardiae and phylogenetic trees were inferred using four tree-making algorithms. The organism was consistently associated with the type strain of Nocardia otitidiscaviarum albeit with a relatively low bootstrap value recorded for neighbour-joining analysis. The strain was also readily separated from representatives of all validly described Nocardia species using a set of phenotypic properties. The genotypic and phenotypic data indicate that the strain should be assigned to the genus Nocardia as a new species. The name proposed for the new species is Nocardia uniformis. The type strain is JCM 3224T.

Phenotypic and phylogenetic studies were performed on an unknown Gram-positive catalase-negative coccus isolated from a common otter (Lutra lutra). Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing demonstrated that the unknown bacterium represents a new subline within the genus Vagococcus, close to, but distinct from, Vagococcus fluvialis and Vagococcus salmoninarum. The unknown bacterium was readily distinguished from the two currently recognized Vagococcus species by biochemical tests and electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell proteins. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as a new species, Vagococcus lutrae, the type strain of which is CCUG 39187T.

A new genus, Mastigobasidium, is proposed for teliospore-forming, xylose-lacking, ballistosporogenous, glucuronate-positive yeasts. The distinguishing features of the genus are: germination of the teliospore by several long aseptate hyphae; curved phragmometabasidia development on the apices of these hyphae; and production of basidiospores on a peg in clusters. The type strain of heterothallic, nitrate-negative species Mastigobasidium intermedium is VKM Y-2720T (Bullera intermedia type strain) and the allotype strain is VKM Y-2727AL (Sporobolomyces weijmanii type strain).

A succinate-decarboxylating anaerobic bacterium, designated strain 19gly1T, was previously isolated from a mixed culture growing with glycolate. The almost complete sequence of the 16S rRNA gene (1495 nt) was determined for this strain. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence homology, strain 19gly1T was identified as a member of the Sporomusa sub-branch of the 'low G+C' Gram-positive bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain 19gly1T was most closely related to Succiniclasticum ruminis, Phascolarctobacterium faecium and Acidaminococcus fermentans. The use of different algorithms, such as least-squares or neighbour-joining analyses of Jukes-Cantor pairwise distances, or maximum-parsimony or maximum-likelihood analyses of the aligned sequence data, revealed that strain 19gly1T grouped as the most deeply branching lineage of the strain 19gly1T-Succiniclasticum- Acidaminococcus-Phascolarctobacterium cluster. The phenotypic characteristics of strain 19gly1T distinguish it from members of the genera Succiniclasticum, Phascolarctobacterium and Acidaminococcus, and the phylogenetic distances inferred from comparative analysis of the 16S rDNA sequences suggest that strain 19gly1T is a representative of a new genus. Accordingly, strain 19gly1T (= DSM 6222T) is proposed as the type strain of a new species within a new genus, Succinispira mobilis gen. nov., sp. nov.

The Bacteriological Code contains Principles and Rules governing the naming of prokaryotic taxa. However, interpretation of the Code is not always easy, nor is the dynamic link between the names of taxa and a particular taxonomic opinion always fully appreciated.

[Pseudomonas] echinoides DSM 1805T (= ATTC 14820T, DSM 50409T, ICBP 2835T, NCIB 9420T) has been reinvestigated to clarify its taxonomic position. 16S rDNA sequence comparisons demonstrated that this species clusters phylogenetically with species of the genus Sphingomonas. Investigation of fatty acid patterns, polar lipid profiles, polyamine patterns and quinone systems supported this delineation. Substrate utilization profiles and biochemical characteristics displayed no distinct overall similarity to any validly described species of the genus Sphingomonas. Therefore, the reclassification of [Pseudomonas] echinoides as Sphingomonas echinoides comb. nov. is proposed, based upon the estimated phylogenetic position derived from 16S rRNA gene sequence data, chemotaxonomic data and previously published genomic DNA G+C content data.

Fifty-two strains of the yeast species Malassezia pachydermatis were analysed by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. M. pachydermatis appeared to be genetically heterogeneous. A total of 27 electrophoretic types were identified that could be divided into five distinct groups with different host specificities. The diversity revealed by this electrophoretic method matched remarkably well the reported genetic variability obtained by comparing large subunit rRNA sequences. This study also suggests that genetic exchanges can occur in the anamorphic species M. pachydermatis.

Three strains, designated VS-751T, VS-511 and VS-732, of a strictly anaerobic, moderately halophilic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium were isolated from a highly saline (15-20%) brine from an oil reservoir in central Oklahoma, USA. The optimal concentration of NaCl for growth of these three strains was 2 M (12%), and the strains also grew in the presence of an additional 1 M MgCl2. The strains were mesophilic and grew at a pH range of 6-8. Carbohydrates used by all three strains included glucose, fructose, arabinose, galactose, maltose, mannose, cellobiose, sucrose and inulin. Glucose fermentation products included ethanol, acetate, H2 and CO2, with formate produced by two of the three strains. Differences were noted among strains in the optimal temperature and pH for growth, the maximum and minimum NaCl concentration that supported growth, substrate utilization and cellular fatty acid composition. Despite the phenotypic differences among the three strains, analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences and DNA-DNA hybridizations showed that these three strains were members of the same genospecies which belonged to the genus Haloanaerobium. The phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of strains VS-751T, VS-511 and VS-732 are different from those of previously described species of Haloanaerobium. It is proposed that strain VS-751T (ATCC 700103T) be established as the type strain of a new species, Haloanaerobium kushneri.

Phylogenetic relationships of Campylobacter hyointestinalis subspecies were examined by means of 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Sequence similarities among C. hyointestinalis subsp. lawsonii strains exceeded 99.0%, but values among C. hyointestinalis subsp. hyointestinalis strains ranged from 96.4 to 100%. Sequence similarities between strains representing the two different subspecies ranged from 95.7 to 99.0%. An intervening sequence was identified in certain of the C. hyointestinalis subsp. lawsonii strains. C. hyointestinalis strains occupied two distinct branches in a phylogenetic analysis of the genus Campylobacter, emphasizing the need for multiple strain analysis when using 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons for taxonomic investigations.

A phylogenetic investigation was done on the members of the genus Bartonella, based on the DNA sequence analysis of the groEL gene, which encodes the 60 kDa heat-shock protein GroEL. Nucleotide sequence data were determined for a near full-length fragment (1368 bp) of the groEL gene of the established Bartonella species and used to infer intraspecies phylogenetic relationships. Phylogenetic trees were inferred from multiple sequence alignments by using both distance and parsimony methods, which demonstrated an architecture composed of six well-supported lineages. The results are consistent with relationships deduced from recent sequence analysis studies based upon citrate synthase (gItA) and previously observed genotypic and phenotypic characteristics; however, they showed greater statistical support at the intragenus level. This suggests that groEL may be a more robust tool for phylogenetic analysis of Bartonella lineages.