Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1186/s13052-025-02098-1
Osman M Osman, Hamse Adam Abdi, Abdulkadir Mohamed Nuh, Hamse Arab Ali, Abdisalam Hassan Muse, Abdirahman M Osman
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inadequate feeding practices during infancy and early childhood have profound and often irreversible consequences for child nutrition, with devastating impacts particularly prevalent in low- and middle-income countries. These suboptimal practices contribute significantly to elevated mortality rates and heightened global disease burden. Alarmingly, more than 3.4 million children under the age of five lose their lives each year due to inappropriate feeding practices, underscoring the urgent need for targeted interventions to address this critical public health challenge. In Somaliland, little is known about how the dietary diversity of children aged 6-23 months aligns with the recommendations and factors that shape it, whether individual, community-based, or both.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used data from the Somaliland Demographic and Health Survey 2020 (SLDHS 2020). SLDHS2020 represents the nationwide household survey gathering demographic and health information across all six primary regions of Somaliland. The survey participants were women aged between 15 and 49 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of infants and young children who met the recommended minimum dietary diversity was only 9.3%. Mothers aged 35 years and older were 2.75 times more likely to have MDD in their children compared to those aged 15-24 years (AOR = 2.75, 95% CI: 1.00-7.12). Similarly, mothers with formal education had 2.45 times higher odds of ensuring MDD for their children than those without formal education (AOR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.26-4.77). Mothers without media exposure were 85% less likely to provide diverse diets to their children than those with media exposure (AOR = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.045-0.502). Older children (12-23 months) had nearly five times higher odds of meeting MDD than younger children (6-8 months) (AOR = 4.95, 95% CI: 1.59-15.3).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study found that only 9.3% of children aged 6-23 months in Somaliland met the Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) criteria. Significant variations were observed in relation to the mother's educational attainment, with those possessing formal education exhibiting 2.45 times higher odds of their children achieving MDD (AOR = 2.45, 95%CI:1.26-4.77). Additionally, maternal age was a factor, as mothers aged 35 and above had 2.75 times higher odds (AOR = 2.75, 95%CI:1.00-7.12). Household wealth also played a critical role, with children from wealthier families having 6.78 times higher odds (AOR = 6.78, 95%CI:1.82-25.1). Geographic disparities were evident, as children residing in Togdheer had 95% lower odds (AOR = 0.05, 95%CI:0.00-0.299) than those in Awdal, and those in rural or nomadic settings experienced diminished access (AOR = 0.28-0.48). Given that 80.8% of mothers lack formal education and 97.7% have no media exposure, it is imperative to prioritise maternal literacy programs, region-specific agricultural support, and expanded medi
{"title":"Multilevel analysis of prevalence and associated factors of minimum dietary diversity among children 6-23 months in Somaliland: evidence from Somaliland demographic and health survey (2020).","authors":"Osman M Osman, Hamse Adam Abdi, Abdulkadir Mohamed Nuh, Hamse Arab Ali, Abdisalam Hassan Muse, Abdirahman M Osman","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02098-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02098-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inadequate feeding practices during infancy and early childhood have profound and often irreversible consequences for child nutrition, with devastating impacts particularly prevalent in low- and middle-income countries. These suboptimal practices contribute significantly to elevated mortality rates and heightened global disease burden. Alarmingly, more than 3.4 million children under the age of five lose their lives each year due to inappropriate feeding practices, underscoring the urgent need for targeted interventions to address this critical public health challenge. In Somaliland, little is known about how the dietary diversity of children aged 6-23 months aligns with the recommendations and factors that shape it, whether individual, community-based, or both.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used data from the Somaliland Demographic and Health Survey 2020 (SLDHS 2020). SLDHS2020 represents the nationwide household survey gathering demographic and health information across all six primary regions of Somaliland. The survey participants were women aged between 15 and 49 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of infants and young children who met the recommended minimum dietary diversity was only 9.3%. Mothers aged 35 years and older were 2.75 times more likely to have MDD in their children compared to those aged 15-24 years (AOR = 2.75, 95% CI: 1.00-7.12). Similarly, mothers with formal education had 2.45 times higher odds of ensuring MDD for their children than those without formal education (AOR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.26-4.77). Mothers without media exposure were 85% less likely to provide diverse diets to their children than those with media exposure (AOR = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.045-0.502). Older children (12-23 months) had nearly five times higher odds of meeting MDD than younger children (6-8 months) (AOR = 4.95, 95% CI: 1.59-15.3).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study found that only 9.3% of children aged 6-23 months in Somaliland met the Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) criteria. Significant variations were observed in relation to the mother's educational attainment, with those possessing formal education exhibiting 2.45 times higher odds of their children achieving MDD (AOR = 2.45, 95%CI:1.26-4.77). Additionally, maternal age was a factor, as mothers aged 35 and above had 2.75 times higher odds (AOR = 2.75, 95%CI:1.00-7.12). Household wealth also played a critical role, with children from wealthier families having 6.78 times higher odds (AOR = 6.78, 95%CI:1.82-25.1). Geographic disparities were evident, as children residing in Togdheer had 95% lower odds (AOR = 0.05, 95%CI:0.00-0.299) than those in Awdal, and those in rural or nomadic settings experienced diminished access (AOR = 0.28-0.48). Given that 80.8% of mothers lack formal education and 97.7% have no media exposure, it is imperative to prioritise maternal literacy programs, region-specific agricultural support, and expanded medi","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"51 1","pages":"321"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12713294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145774625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Doxycycline vs levofloxacin for macrolide-unresponsive Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children: a real-world study from China.","authors":"Ruling Yang, Hongmei Xu, Zhenzhen Zhang, Ruiqiu Zhao, Quanbo Liu, Mengyang Liu, Gaihuan Zheng, Xiaoying Wu","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02156-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02156-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"51 1","pages":"320"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12709720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145768096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-16DOI: 10.1186/s13052-025-02175-5
Tigist Enyew Gedamu
{"title":"The impact of nutritional and socioeconomic status on academic performance of primary urban school children in northern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Tigist Enyew Gedamu","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02175-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02175-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12821940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145768109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis in children, with coronary artery lesions (CALs) presenting as severe complications. Early diagnosis is of paramount importance; however, current biomarkers lack both simplicity and reliability. This study assessed the predictive value of blood composite ratios (BCRs) for KD and CAL.
Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed data from 153 pediatric patients with febrile illness from 2016 to 2023. BCRs, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (ELR), the eosinophil-to-monocyte ratio (EMR), and the eosinophil-to-basophil ratio (EBR), were calculated from admission laboratory data. The relationships between BCRs and the incidence of KD and CAL were evaluated using statistical and regression analyses.
Results: Patients with KD presented markedly elevated NLRs, ELRs, EMRs, and EBRs in comparison with those in the febrile control group. The NLR and ELR were found to be significantly associated with the incidence of KD and CAL, with optimal cutoff values of 0.632 and 0.01, respectively. The combined use of BCR indices resulted in increased predictive efficacy for the incidence of KD.
Conclusions: BCRs, particularly the NLR and ELR, are valuable for the early identification of high-risk KD patients and CAL damage. These ratios have the potential to enhance clinical management and optimize patient care, although validation in prospective studies is needed.
{"title":"Predictive value of blood composite ratios for Kawasaki disease and coronary artery lesions in febrile children.","authors":"Shuhuan Li, Senhong Guan, Lanyuan Liu, Sheng Chen, Zhaohan Yan, Yunying Zeng, Fengshan Ouyang, Jiankai Zhong","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02127-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02127-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis in children, with coronary artery lesions (CALs) presenting as severe complications. Early diagnosis is of paramount importance; however, current biomarkers lack both simplicity and reliability. This study assessed the predictive value of blood composite ratios (BCRs) for KD and CAL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, we analyzed data from 153 pediatric patients with febrile illness from 2016 to 2023. BCRs, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (ELR), the eosinophil-to-monocyte ratio (EMR), and the eosinophil-to-basophil ratio (EBR), were calculated from admission laboratory data. The relationships between BCRs and the incidence of KD and CAL were evaluated using statistical and regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with KD presented markedly elevated NLRs, ELRs, EMRs, and EBRs in comparison with those in the febrile control group. The NLR and ELR were found to be significantly associated with the incidence of KD and CAL, with optimal cutoff values of 0.632 and 0.01, respectively. The combined use of BCR indices resulted in increased predictive efficacy for the incidence of KD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BCRs, particularly the NLR and ELR, are valuable for the early identification of high-risk KD patients and CAL damage. These ratios have the potential to enhance clinical management and optimize patient care, although validation in prospective studies is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"51 1","pages":"319"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12706987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145762809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1186/s13052-025-02155-9
Gregorio Serra, Marco Pensabene, Deborah Bacile, Maria Rita Di Pace, Donatella Ferraro, Mario Giuffrè, Ettore Piro, Sergio Salerno, Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz, Maria Sergio, Giovanni Corsello
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and necrotizing enterocolitis: case report and review of the literature.","authors":"Gregorio Serra, Marco Pensabene, Deborah Bacile, Maria Rita Di Pace, Donatella Ferraro, Mario Giuffrè, Ettore Piro, Sergio Salerno, Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz, Maria Sergio, Giovanni Corsello","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02155-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02155-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"51 1","pages":"318"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12706900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145762787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1186/s13052-025-02179-1
Rosaria Indaco, Francesca Leoni, Costantino Panza, Paolo Giorgi Rossi
{"title":"Correction: Primary care pediatricians' involvement in influenza vaccination campaign in Italy.","authors":"Rosaria Indaco, Francesca Leoni, Costantino Panza, Paolo Giorgi Rossi","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02179-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02179-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":"51 1","pages":"317"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12702144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145751745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1186/s13052-025-02176-4
Marco Colombo, Anna Plebani, Massimo Agosti
Off-label prescribing, the use of medications outside of approved indications, is a common practice in pediatric emergency medicine. This practice is driven by factors such as limited pediatric-specific clinical trial data, regulatory hurdles, and the urgent need to treat critically ill children. While off-label prescribing can be lifesaving, it raises significant ethical and legal concerns. This article explores the prevalence, challenges, and potential consequences of off-label drug use in pediatric emergency departments. A case study illustrates the complexities of off-label prescribing in a real-world clinical scenario. The discussion highlights the importance of balancing clinical needs with regulatory requirements and ethical considerations. Future research should focus on optimizing informed consent procedures, enhancing postmarketing surveillance, and developing evidence-based guidelines to ensure the safe and effective use of off-label medications in pediatric emergency care.
{"title":"Beyond the label: ethical and clinical implications of off-label drug use in pediatric emergency care.","authors":"Marco Colombo, Anna Plebani, Massimo Agosti","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02176-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02176-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Off-label prescribing, the use of medications outside of approved indications, is a common practice in pediatric emergency medicine. This practice is driven by factors such as limited pediatric-specific clinical trial data, regulatory hurdles, and the urgent need to treat critically ill children. While off-label prescribing can be lifesaving, it raises significant ethical and legal concerns. This article explores the prevalence, challenges, and potential consequences of off-label drug use in pediatric emergency departments. A case study illustrates the complexities of off-label prescribing in a real-world clinical scenario. The discussion highlights the importance of balancing clinical needs with regulatory requirements and ethical considerations. Future research should focus on optimizing informed consent procedures, enhancing postmarketing surveillance, and developing evidence-based guidelines to ensure the safe and effective use of off-label medications in pediatric emergency care.</p>","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12817774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145751799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1186/s13052-025-02169-3
Özlem Terzi, Sadık Sami Hatipoğlu
{"title":"Vitamin K-dependent and other rare coagulation factor deficiencies: a single-center experience.","authors":"Özlem Terzi, Sadık Sami Hatipoğlu","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02169-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02169-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12797916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145707704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetic and clinical phenotype of Dent disease in Chinese children and the etiological analysis of early - onset chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Lanqi Zhou, Zuowei Yu, Yuan Yang, Yanxinli Han, Liru Qiu, Yu Zhang, Fengjie Yang, Jianhua Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02166-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02166-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12797435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145707707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a vasculopathic disease due to lesions in blood vessels, and patients with HSP presenting with renal injury are at risk of further progression to end-stage renal disease, resulting in a severe disease burden, the pathogenesis of which is currently unclear. By integrating multi-omics data, biomarkers and signaling pathways that are specifically expressed in HSP can be screened, thus finding new perspectives for resolving the pathogenesis of HSP. The aim of this review is to explore the developmental pathways of HSP and to reveal key biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic approaches to HSP, with the hope that these insights will drive the future development of personalized medicine and improve patient prognosis and quality of life.
{"title":"Advances in multi-omics and therapeutic studies of Henoch-Schönlein purpura.","authors":"Mengyan Xu, Zhuohang Wei, Lu Wang, Wenjuan Liang, Fei Gao, Shenggang Sang, Rongguang Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s13052-025-02174-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13052-025-02174-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a vasculopathic disease due to lesions in blood vessels, and patients with HSP presenting with renal injury are at risk of further progression to end-stage renal disease, resulting in a severe disease burden, the pathogenesis of which is currently unclear. By integrating multi-omics data, biomarkers and signaling pathways that are specifically expressed in HSP can be screened, thus finding new perspectives for resolving the pathogenesis of HSP. The aim of this review is to explore the developmental pathways of HSP and to reveal key biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic approaches to HSP, with the hope that these insights will drive the future development of personalized medicine and improve patient prognosis and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":14511,"journal":{"name":"Italian Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12797630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145687311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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