Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2022.2110591
Monika Maria Ciężka, Maciej Górka, Agnieszka Trzyna, Magdalena Modelska, Anna Łubek, David Widory
The isotope biogeochemistry of bioindicators has widely demonstrated its added value in environmental issues by allowing to precisely identify sources of contamination. Most of the studies are based on studying one or two isotope systematics. Here, we are presenting an innovative multi-proxy approach that combines chemistry with both stable (C, S, N) and radiogenic (Pb) isotope systematics. Using Hypogymnia physodes bioindicators, we evaluated air quality in the complex environment of the Świętokrzyski National Park (ŚNP, Poland) with the ultimate objective of isotopically identifying the sources responsible for the observed contamination. Combining the isotope systematics showed that home heating is a major source of contamination in winter, whereas the contribution of road traffic increases during the summer. Pb isotope ratios identified industrial activities as the major source of this metal in the atmosphere.
{"title":"The multi-isotope biogeochemistry (S, C, N and Pb) of <i>Hypogymnia physodes</i> lichens: air quality approach in the Świętokrzyski National Park, Poland.","authors":"Monika Maria Ciężka, Maciej Górka, Agnieszka Trzyna, Magdalena Modelska, Anna Łubek, David Widory","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2022.2110591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2022.2110591","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The isotope biogeochemistry of bioindicators has widely demonstrated its added value in environmental issues by allowing to precisely identify sources of contamination. Most of the studies are based on studying one or two isotope systematics. Here, we are presenting an innovative multi-proxy approach that combines chemistry with both stable (C, S, N) and radiogenic (Pb) isotope systematics. Using <i>Hypogymnia physodes</i> bioindicators, we evaluated air quality in the complex environment of the Świętokrzyski National Park (ŚNP, Poland) with the ultimate objective of isotopically identifying the sources responsible for the observed contamination. Combining the isotope systematics showed that home heating is a major source of contamination in winter, whereas the contribution of road traffic increases during the summer. Pb isotope ratios identified industrial activities as the major source of this metal in the atmosphere.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":"58 4-6","pages":"340-362"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10690410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2022.2108418
Yuliya Vystavna, Johannes Cullmann, Keith Hipel, Jodie Miller, David X Soto, Astrid Harjung, Andrew Watson, Alexandra Mattei, Seifu Kebede, Maksym Gusyev
Better understand past, present and future climate variability by linking water isotopes and conventional hydrometeorology: summary and recommendations from the International Atomic Energy Agency and World Meteorological Organization Yuliya Vystavna , Johannes Cullmann, Keith Hipel, Jodie Miller, David X. Soto, Astrid Harjung, Andrew Watson, Alexandra Mattei, Seifu Kebede f and Maksym Gusyev Isotope Hydrology Section, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna International Centre, Vienna, Austria; World Meteorological Organization (WMO), Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada; School for Climate Studies, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa; UMR 6134 SPE, CNRS, University of Corsica, Corte, France; Center for Water Resources Research, University of KwaZulu Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Japan
{"title":"Better understand past, present and future climate variability by linking water isotopes and conventional hydrometeorology: summary and recommendations from the International Atomic Energy Agency and World Meteorological Organization.","authors":"Yuliya Vystavna, Johannes Cullmann, Keith Hipel, Jodie Miller, David X Soto, Astrid Harjung, Andrew Watson, Alexandra Mattei, Seifu Kebede, Maksym Gusyev","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2022.2108418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2022.2108418","url":null,"abstract":"Better understand past, present and future climate variability by linking water isotopes and conventional hydrometeorology: summary and recommendations from the International Atomic Energy Agency and World Meteorological Organization Yuliya Vystavna , Johannes Cullmann, Keith Hipel, Jodie Miller, David X. Soto, Astrid Harjung, Andrew Watson, Alexandra Mattei, Seifu Kebede f and Maksym Gusyev Isotope Hydrology Section, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna International Centre, Vienna, Austria; World Meteorological Organization (WMO), Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada; School for Climate Studies, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa; UMR 6134 SPE, CNRS, University of Corsica, Corte, France; Center for Water Resources Research, University of KwaZulu Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Japan","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":"58 4-6","pages":"311-315"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9111213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2022.2131781
Elizabeth Avery, Olena Samonina, Lidiia Kryshtop, Iryna Vyshenska, Alan E Fryar, Andrea M Erhardt
North-central Ukraine is vulnerable to temperature increases and precipitation pattern changes associated with climate change. With water management becoming increasingly important, information on current water sources and moisture recycling is critically needed. Isotope ratios of oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δ2H) in precipitation are sensitive to these variables and allow comparisons across the region. The δ2H and δ18O values from collected precipitation in Kyiv and Cherkasy in 2020 and published 3H data for Kyiv from the year 2000 show an influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and provide information about processes affecting precipitation along the storm trajectory. The δ18O values also show a correlation with temperature, indicating that precipitation patterns may be affected by the rising temperatures in the region, as predicted by recent regional studies using Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios and the global climate model GFDL-ESM2M. When compared to backtracked storm trajectory and NAO data, clear relationships emerged between water isotope ratios, storm paths, and likely moisture recycling. Overall, δ2H, δ18O, 3H, and backtracked storm trajectory data provide more regional and local information on water vapour processes, improving climate-change-driven precipitation forecasts in Ukraine.
{"title":"Use of isotopes in examining precipitation patterns in north-central Ukraine.","authors":"Elizabeth Avery, Olena Samonina, Lidiia Kryshtop, Iryna Vyshenska, Alan E Fryar, Andrea M Erhardt","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2022.2131781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2022.2131781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>North-central Ukraine is vulnerable to temperature increases and precipitation pattern changes associated with climate change. With water management becoming increasingly important, information on current water sources and moisture recycling is critically needed. Isotope ratios of oxygen (<i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O) and hydrogen (<i>δ</i><sup>2</sup>H) in precipitation are sensitive to these variables and allow comparisons across the region. The <i>δ</i><sup>2</sup>H and <i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O values from collected precipitation in Kyiv and Cherkasy in 2020 and published <sup>3</sup>H data for Kyiv from the year 2000 show an influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and provide information about processes affecting precipitation along the storm trajectory. The <i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O values also show a correlation with temperature, indicating that precipitation patterns may be affected by the rising temperatures in the region, as predicted by recent regional studies using Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios and the global climate model GFDL-ESM2M. When compared to backtracked storm trajectory and NAO data, clear relationships emerged between water isotope ratios, storm paths, and likely moisture recycling. Overall, <i>δ</i><sup>2</sup>H, <i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O, <sup>3</sup>H, and backtracked storm trajectory data provide more regional and local information on water vapour processes, improving climate-change-driven precipitation forecasts in Ukraine.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":"58 4-6","pages":"380-401"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10342509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2022.2071873
M. Saccò, W. Humphreys, N. Stevens, Matthew R. Jones, Fiona Takulis, E. Thomas, A. Blyth
ABSTRACT Groundwater biota are crucial for the ecological functioning of subterranean ecosystems. However, while knowledge of the taxonomic diversity of groundwater invertebrates (stygofauna) is increasing, functional ecological information is still limited. Here, we investigate seldom empirically tested assumptions around stygofaunal trophic plasticity in coping with oligotrophic habitats. We focus on Barrow Island (Western Australia), an ideal natural laboratory due to the occurrence of natural oil seeps in association with aquifers. The trophic position and food source use of the endemic atyid shrimp Stygiocaris stylifera (Holthuis, 1960) were assessed via δ 13C and δ 15N stable isotope analysis (SIA). Background information on the environmental conditions was gathered through hydrochemical data and δ 13C SIA combined with 14C data from dissolved inorganic/organic carbon and particulate organic carbon from groundwater samples. Our results indicate carbon enrichment in proximity to the natural oil seepage coupled with changes in trophic positions of S. stylifera from higher consumers/predators to biofilm grazers/decomposers. These results are consistent with an increased involvement of hydrocarbon seeps and associated microbial communities in the carbon flows and confirm potential for the trophic flexibility in stygofauna. Further investigations involving other trophic groups will help elucidate the functioning of the ecosystems at a community level.
{"title":"Subterranean carbon flows from source to stygofauna: a case study on the atyid shrimp Stygiocaris stylifera (Holthuis, 1960) from Barrow Island (WA)","authors":"M. Saccò, W. Humphreys, N. Stevens, Matthew R. Jones, Fiona Takulis, E. Thomas, A. Blyth","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2022.2071873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2022.2071873","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Groundwater biota are crucial for the ecological functioning of subterranean ecosystems. However, while knowledge of the taxonomic diversity of groundwater invertebrates (stygofauna) is increasing, functional ecological information is still limited. Here, we investigate seldom empirically tested assumptions around stygofaunal trophic plasticity in coping with oligotrophic habitats. We focus on Barrow Island (Western Australia), an ideal natural laboratory due to the occurrence of natural oil seeps in association with aquifers. The trophic position and food source use of the endemic atyid shrimp Stygiocaris stylifera (Holthuis, 1960) were assessed via δ 13C and δ 15N stable isotope analysis (SIA). Background information on the environmental conditions was gathered through hydrochemical data and δ 13C SIA combined with 14C data from dissolved inorganic/organic carbon and particulate organic carbon from groundwater samples. Our results indicate carbon enrichment in proximity to the natural oil seepage coupled with changes in trophic positions of S. stylifera from higher consumers/predators to biofilm grazers/decomposers. These results are consistent with an increased involvement of hydrocarbon seeps and associated microbial communities in the carbon flows and confirm potential for the trophic flexibility in stygofauna. Further investigations involving other trophic groups will help elucidate the functioning of the ecosystems at a community level.","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":"58 1","pages":"247 - 257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46060062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2022.2070615
Jamie Lee Stevenson, J. Geris, C. Birkel, D. Tetzlaff, C. Soulsby
ABSTRACT Stable water isotopes are invaluable in helping understand catchment functioning and are widely used in experimental catchments, with higher frequency data becoming increasingly common. Such datasets incur substantial logistical costs, reducing their feasibility for use by decision makers needing to understand multi-catchment, landscape-scale functioning over a relatively short period to assess the impact of proposed land use change. Instead, reconnaissance style surveys (high spatial resolution across the landscape at a lower temporal frequency, over a relatively short period) offer an alternative, complementary approach. To test if such sampling could identify heterogeneities in hydrological functioning, and associated landscape controls, we sampled 27 stream sites fortnightly for one year within a peri-urban landscape undergoing land use change. Visual examination of raw data and application of mean transit time and young water fraction models indicated urbanisation, agriculture and responsive soils caused more rapid cycling of precipitation to stream water, whereas mature forestry provided attenuation. We were also able to identify contiguous catchments which functioned fundamentally differently, meaning their response to land use alteration would also be different. This study demonstrated how stable water isotopes can be a valuable, low-cost addition to tools available for environmental decision makers by providing local, process-based information.
{"title":"Assessing land use influences on isotopic variability and stream water ages in urbanising rural catchments","authors":"Jamie Lee Stevenson, J. Geris, C. Birkel, D. Tetzlaff, C. Soulsby","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2022.2070615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2022.2070615","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Stable water isotopes are invaluable in helping understand catchment functioning and are widely used in experimental catchments, with higher frequency data becoming increasingly common. Such datasets incur substantial logistical costs, reducing their feasibility for use by decision makers needing to understand multi-catchment, landscape-scale functioning over a relatively short period to assess the impact of proposed land use change. Instead, reconnaissance style surveys (high spatial resolution across the landscape at a lower temporal frequency, over a relatively short period) offer an alternative, complementary approach. To test if such sampling could identify heterogeneities in hydrological functioning, and associated landscape controls, we sampled 27 stream sites fortnightly for one year within a peri-urban landscape undergoing land use change. Visual examination of raw data and application of mean transit time and young water fraction models indicated urbanisation, agriculture and responsive soils caused more rapid cycling of precipitation to stream water, whereas mature forestry provided attenuation. We were also able to identify contiguous catchments which functioned fundamentally differently, meaning their response to land use alteration would also be different. This study demonstrated how stable water isotopes can be a valuable, low-cost addition to tools available for environmental decision makers by providing local, process-based information.","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":"58 1","pages":"277 - 300"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44942193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2022.2058500
M. Schubert, Diana Altendorf, H. Weiss
ABSTRACT The ubiquitous presence of the radioisotope radon (222Rn) and its short-lived progeny (218Po, 214Pb, 214Bi, 214Po) is challenging in two respects: (i) Radon is a major issue regarding health-related problems due to potentially elevated radiation exposure of humans in dwellings, and (ii) due to the mobility of radon the short-lived progeny may cause complications in radionuclide detection in laboratories. Polymer membranes are an appropriate means for effectively preventing unwanted radon migration. However, most of the published literature focusses on robust membranes made for the large-scale sealing of dwelling substructures. Membranes that are suitable (at small-scale) for sealing purposes in radionuclide detection applications are only rarely discussed. In this paper, we present a straightforward practical approach that allows the effectiveness of any membrane to be assessed for any purpose related to radon sealing. Executing the approach requires only (i) a suitable container with inlet and outlet ports, (ii) a mobile radon detector, and (iii) any type of radon source material. The approach provides a tool that allows testing any available membrane for its applicability as radon barrier sheeting.
{"title":"A straightforward approach for assessing the effectiveness of membrane materials as radon (222Rn) barriers","authors":"M. Schubert, Diana Altendorf, H. Weiss","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2022.2058500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2022.2058500","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The ubiquitous presence of the radioisotope radon (222Rn) and its short-lived progeny (218Po, 214Pb, 214Bi, 214Po) is challenging in two respects: (i) Radon is a major issue regarding health-related problems due to potentially elevated radiation exposure of humans in dwellings, and (ii) due to the mobility of radon the short-lived progeny may cause complications in radionuclide detection in laboratories. Polymer membranes are an appropriate means for effectively preventing unwanted radon migration. However, most of the published literature focusses on robust membranes made for the large-scale sealing of dwelling substructures. Membranes that are suitable (at small-scale) for sealing purposes in radionuclide detection applications are only rarely discussed. In this paper, we present a straightforward practical approach that allows the effectiveness of any membrane to be assessed for any purpose related to radon sealing. Executing the approach requires only (i) a suitable container with inlet and outlet ports, (ii) a mobile radon detector, and (iii) any type of radon source material. The approach provides a tool that allows testing any available membrane for its applicability as radon barrier sheeting.","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":"58 1","pages":"301 - 310"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42799854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-03DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2022.2062343
Yong Wang, Wusheng Yu, Lun Luo, Minghui Li, Xiaoming Liu, Rong Guo, Yaoming Ma, Baiqing Xu, Guangjan Wu, Chengyi Zhao, Zhaowei Jing, Feili Wei, J. Cui, Jingyi Zhang, D. Qu
ABSTRACT Serving as a medium between source water and cellulose, leaf water contributes to the isotope ratios (δ 18O, δ 2H) of plant organic matter, which can be used for paleoclimate reconstruction. This study is the first to examine the diurnal variations in the δ 18O and δ 2H of leaf water on the southern Tibetan Plateau. The δ 18O and δ 2H of leaf water were relatively low when precipitation events occurred. In particular, 18O and 2H of leaf water became extremely depleted 5 h after the precipitation event. Our findings demonstrate that precipitation can modify the isotope ratios of leaf water from external and internal causes. First, precipitation events affect meteorological elements, lead to decreases in leaf transpiration, and immediately weaken the isotope enrichment of leaf water (‘rapid effect’ of precipitation). Second, precipitation events affect the internal plant–soil water cycle process, causing the plant to preferentially use deeper soil water, and the corresponding isotope ratios of leaf water exhibit extremely low values 5 h after precipitation events (‘delay effect’ of precipitation). This study suggests that researchers need to be cautious in separating the signals of precipitation and hydrological processes when interpreting isotope records preserved in tree-ring cellulose archives from the Tibetan Plateau.
{"title":"How do precipitation events modify the stable isotope ratios in leaf water at Lhasa on the southern Tibetan Plateau?","authors":"Yong Wang, Wusheng Yu, Lun Luo, Minghui Li, Xiaoming Liu, Rong Guo, Yaoming Ma, Baiqing Xu, Guangjan Wu, Chengyi Zhao, Zhaowei Jing, Feili Wei, J. Cui, Jingyi Zhang, D. Qu","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2022.2062343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2022.2062343","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Serving as a medium between source water and cellulose, leaf water contributes to the isotope ratios (δ 18O, δ 2H) of plant organic matter, which can be used for paleoclimate reconstruction. This study is the first to examine the diurnal variations in the δ 18O and δ 2H of leaf water on the southern Tibetan Plateau. The δ 18O and δ 2H of leaf water were relatively low when precipitation events occurred. In particular, 18O and 2H of leaf water became extremely depleted 5 h after the precipitation event. Our findings demonstrate that precipitation can modify the isotope ratios of leaf water from external and internal causes. First, precipitation events affect meteorological elements, lead to decreases in leaf transpiration, and immediately weaken the isotope enrichment of leaf water (‘rapid effect’ of precipitation). Second, precipitation events affect the internal plant–soil water cycle process, causing the plant to preferentially use deeper soil water, and the corresponding isotope ratios of leaf water exhibit extremely low values 5 h after precipitation events (‘delay effect’ of precipitation). This study suggests that researchers need to be cautious in separating the signals of precipitation and hydrological processes when interpreting isotope records preserved in tree-ring cellulose archives from the Tibetan Plateau.","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":"58 1","pages":"229 - 246"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41724333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01Epub Date: 2022-02-08DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2022.2032691
Muhammad Rafique, Chand Shahzadi, Abdul Jabbar, Mumtaz Khan, Saeed Ur Rahman, Syed Shujahat Hussain Bukhari, Shahab Ahmed Abbasi, Nasar Ahmed
This article presents the results of a study conducted to measure the gross alpha, gross beta activities in medicinal plant samples collected from different districts of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. The ASC-950-DP gasless high-speed counter was used for the measurement of gross α/β activities. Measured activities have been used to assess age-dependent annual effective doses for infants, one-, five-, ten-, and fifteen-year-old and adult people. For a medicinal plant consumption rate (MPCR) of 1.8 kg a-1, the average gross alpha and beta annual committed effective dose (ACED) delivered to one-, five-, ten-, fifteen-year-olds and adults fall below the WHO recommended level (290 µSv a-1) and that reported in the UNSCEAR 2000 (0.3 mSv a-1) report. Results obtained for the current study show that the radiological hazard related to the consumption of natural radionuclides in medicinal plants is inconsequential with exception of the ACED delivered to infants at an MPCR of 1.8 g a-1 and higher values.
本文介绍了一项研究的结果，以测量从巴基斯坦阿扎德克什米尔不同地区收集的药用植物样品中的总α，总β活性。采用ASC-950-DP无气高速计数器测定总α/β活性。测量的活度已被用来评估婴儿、1岁、5岁、10岁、15岁和成年人的年有效剂量与年龄有关。对于1.8 kg a-1的药用植物消耗率(MPCR)， 1岁、5岁、10岁、15岁儿童和成年人的平均总α和β年承诺有效剂量(ced)低于世卫组织建议水平(290µSv a-1)和2000年联合国科委会报告的水平(0.3 mSv a-1)。目前的研究结果表明，除了MPCR为1.8 g a-1及更高值的婴儿接受的放射性核素外，与食用药用植物中的天然放射性核素有关的辐射危害是无关紧要的。
{"title":"Measurement of age-dependent radiation ingestion doses due to gross alpha and gross beta exposure from medicinal plants.","authors":"Muhammad Rafique, Chand Shahzadi, Abdul Jabbar, Mumtaz Khan, Saeed Ur Rahman, Syed Shujahat Hussain Bukhari, Shahab Ahmed Abbasi, Nasar Ahmed","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2022.2032691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2022.2032691","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article presents the results of a study conducted to measure the gross alpha, gross beta activities in medicinal plant samples collected from different districts of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. The ASC-950-DP gasless high-speed counter was used for the measurement of gross <i>α</i>/<i>β</i> activities. Measured activities have been used to assess age-dependent annual effective doses for infants, one-, five-, ten-, and fifteen-year-old and adult people. For a medicinal plant consumption rate (MPCR) of 1.8 kg a<sup>-1</sup>, the average gross alpha and beta annual committed effective dose (ACED) delivered to one-, five-, ten-, fifteen-year-olds and adults fall below the WHO recommended level (290 <i>µ</i>Sv a<sup>-1</sup>) and that reported in the UNSCEAR 2000 (0.3 mSv a<sup>-1</sup>) report. Results obtained for the current study show that the radiological hazard related to the consumption of natural radionuclides in medicinal plants is inconsequential with exception of the ACED delivered to infants at an MPCR of 1.8 g a<sup>-1</sup> and higher values.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":"58 2","pages":"214-227"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39900488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01Epub Date: 2021-12-16DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2021.2005041
Vasile Ersek, Jamie Sharples, William Thomas
Bottled water in the UK has a ∼20 % share of the soft drinks market with a sales value of >£1.5 billion. Bottled water is susceptible to fraud and it is important to characterise the chemical signature of aquifers used by the bottled water industry. Measuring 18O/16O and 2H/1H ratios in bottled water is one important step in fraud prevention and aquifer characterisation as these ratios in groundwater tend to be stable or change very slowly through time. Here we characterise the isotopic signature of 30 brands of bottled water sold in the UK. The average δ18O of bottled waters is -7.4 and -48.4 for δ2H. This isotopic composition is closely related to that of the annual rainfall and follows latitudinal and longitudinal gradients which combine to explain 77 % of the δ18O variance.
{"title":"Stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope abundance of major bottled water brands sold in the United Kingdom.","authors":"Vasile Ersek, Jamie Sharples, William Thomas","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2021.2005041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2021.2005041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bottled water in the UK has a ∼20 % share of the soft drinks market with a sales value of >£1.5 billion. Bottled water is susceptible to fraud and it is important to characterise the chemical signature of aquifers used by the bottled water industry. Measuring <sup>18</sup>O/<sup>16</sup>O and <sup>2</sup>H/<sup>1</sup>H ratios in bottled water is one important step in fraud prevention and aquifer characterisation as these ratios in groundwater tend to be stable or change very slowly through time. Here we characterise the isotopic signature of 30 brands of bottled water sold in the UK. The average <i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O of bottled waters is -7.4 and -48.4 for <i>δ</i><sup>2</sup>H. This isotopic composition is closely related to that of the annual rainfall and follows latitudinal and longitudinal gradients which combine to explain 77 % of the <i>δ</i><sup>18</sup>O variance.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":"58 2","pages":"113-120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39732438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-05DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2022.2056599
Yongbo Hu, W. Xiao, Jingyuan Wang, L. Welp, Chengyu Xie, H. Chu, Xuhui Lee
ABSTRACT Moisture recycling plays a crucial role in regional hydrological budgets. The isotopic composition of precipitation has long been considered as a good tracer to investigate moisture recycling. This study quantifies the moisture recycling fractions (f r) in the Lake Taihu region using spatial variations of deuterium excess in precipitation (d P) and surface water vapour flux (d E). Results show that d P at a site downwind of the lake was higher than that at an upwind site, indicating the influence of lake moisture recycling. Spatial variations in d P after sub-cloud evaporation corrections were 2.3, 1.4 and 3.2 ‰, and d E values were 27.4, 32.3 and 31.4 ‰ for the first winter monsoon, the summer monsoon and the second winter monsoon, respectively. Moisture recycling fractions were 0.48 ± 0.13, 0.07 ± 0.03 and 0.38 ± 0.05 for the three monsoon periods, respectively. Both using the lake parameterization kinetic fractionation factors or neglecting sub-cloud evaporation would decrease f r, and the former has a larger influence on the f r calculation. The larger f r in the winter monsoon periods was mainly caused by lower specific humidity of airmasses but comparable moisture uptake along their trajectories compared to the summer monsoon period.
{"title":"Quantifying the contribution of evaporation from Lake Taihu to precipitation with an isotope-based method","authors":"Yongbo Hu, W. Xiao, Jingyuan Wang, L. Welp, Chengyu Xie, H. Chu, Xuhui Lee","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2022.2056599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2022.2056599","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Moisture recycling plays a crucial role in regional hydrological budgets. The isotopic composition of precipitation has long been considered as a good tracer to investigate moisture recycling. This study quantifies the moisture recycling fractions (f r) in the Lake Taihu region using spatial variations of deuterium excess in precipitation (d P) and surface water vapour flux (d E). Results show that d P at a site downwind of the lake was higher than that at an upwind site, indicating the influence of lake moisture recycling. Spatial variations in d P after sub-cloud evaporation corrections were 2.3, 1.4 and 3.2 ‰, and d E values were 27.4, 32.3 and 31.4 ‰ for the first winter monsoon, the summer monsoon and the second winter monsoon, respectively. Moisture recycling fractions were 0.48 ± 0.13, 0.07 ± 0.03 and 0.38 ± 0.05 for the three monsoon periods, respectively. Both using the lake parameterization kinetic fractionation factors or neglecting sub-cloud evaporation would decrease f r, and the former has a larger influence on the f r calculation. The larger f r in the winter monsoon periods was mainly caused by lower specific humidity of airmasses but comparable moisture uptake along their trajectories compared to the summer monsoon period.","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":"58 1","pages":"258 - 276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45189200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号