Issues in Mental Health Nursing最新文献

Background: Violence against healthcare workers continues to be a widespread problem and adversely impacts both healthcare providers and consumers.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of a staff education and training program in therapeutic communications in decreasing violence by patients against staff in an acute inpatient behavioral hospital. Further, the project measured the effect of the training on the self-efficacy and knowledge level of the 15 recruited staff in the use of therapeutic communications, and its overall impact on the participants' reaction, learning, behavior and observed results at the hospital.

Methods: This study used a pretest and posttest design.

Results: There was a decrease (73%) in violence incidents which correlated with the staff training and education sessions compared with violence occurrence incidents during the 12 weeks preceding the implementation. There was also a significant increase in the staff's self-efficacy, {t(-11.4), df = 114, p < 0.001}, and knowledge level {t(-10.40), df = 14, p < 0.001)} in the use of therapeutic communications, and an overall positive impact on staff's reaction, learning, behavior and observed effects as a result of the training program.

Conclusion: Staff training in effective therapeutic communications had a multidimensional effect, the most important was its effect on decreasing violence. These findings underscore the need to revisit and emphasize therapeutic communications in promoting a safety culture in behavioral health settings.

The aim of this study was to validate the diagnostic content and the NANDA-I and NOC linkages for six psychosocial nursing diagnoses. This multicentre, descriptive, cross-sectional validation study followed Fehring's model. Expert nurses in nursing methodology and standardised nursing languages in Spain participated, with expertise criteria based on academic level and clinical, teaching, and research experience in the fields of nursing methodology and standardised nursing languages. This study adhered to the STROBE guidelines for cross-sectional studies. Eighty-seven professionals participated in the diagnostic content validation phase, and 57 in the NANDA-I and NOC linkages validation phase. The content validity indices of the six diagnoses ranged from 0.74 to 0.84, all considered valid. All 84 proposed defining characteristics were valid, with 42 scoring ≥0.8. Thirty-two linkages between diagnoses and NOC outcomes were proposed, all valid, with mean scores between 0.73 and 0.98. Each diagnosis was linked to 5-6 NOC outcomes, comprising 26 main outcomes and 6 supplementary outcomes. Overall coverage rates for each diagnosis ranged from 68.42% to 100%. All linkages between defining characteristics and NOC outcome indicators were validated. The six selected psychosocial diagnoses, their defining characteristics, and the proposed linkages between diagnoses and outcomes have been validated. The validation of linkages between NOC indicators and nearly all major defining characteristics of these six psychosocial diagnoses will make it possible to enhance diagnostic accuracy and enable continuous assessment of the effects of nursing interventions on the clinical progression of these diagnoses.

Objectives: The review explores current evidence on Australian pre-registration nurse education in preparing graduates to work in mental health settings, from the perspectives of the graduates. Design: A scoping review using the Joanna Briggs Institute framework for scoping reviews and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist was undertaken. Results: There were 31 eligible publications, reporting 12 qualitative studies, eight surveys and 11 quasi-experimental studies. All were in English language peer reviewed journals, published between 2000 and July 2023. Five themes emerged: 1. Well-organised and supported clinical placements can reduce stigma; 2. Student concerns regarding mental health clinical placements can be lessened when placements are well-designed; 3. Well-organised and resourced clinical placements can increase interest in mental health nursing; 4. Simulation learning can increase confidence during clinical placements; 5. Teaching by Experts By Experience (EBE) can reduce stigma and improved student attitudes. Conclusion: Evidence from 31 eligible publications indicated that properly resourced, purpose-designed theoretical and clinical learning experiences can be effective in reducing stigmatising attitudes and behaviours in pre-registration nursing students. Involving EBEs in mental health teaching is an important, but so far under-utilised, development in pre-registration nursing programmes in Australia.

Digital media which involve narrative storytelling are increasingly used in nursing and health research, including clinical applications such as cinematherapy. A pilot study was conducted on how digital media self-accessed by marginalized individuals may be beneficial toward mindfulness and healing from trauma. Qualitative interviews were conducted with individuals (n = 8) who self-reported marginalizations via: race; gender; rural geography; socioeconomic status; indigenous or colonial experience; survivor of abuse; experiences of homelessness; or disability. Results indicated that trauma-narratives often organically emerge through discussions on digital media, with notable intersections with mindfulness-based practices and interventions. First, digital media can create a mindfulness of trauma as valid to discuss and disseminate. Mindfulness of authentic resolution also emerged as critical, as trauma may be employed in media narratives for attention or sympathy with no intent to support healing. Participant responses illustrate value in being mindful of individuals with severe trauma, who may be less likely to benefit from digital media. Digital media can foster sense-of-belonging and community-building amidst isolation; additionally, parasocial relationships may help foster supportive identities and ideologies on vulnerability. Findings are outlined in a preliminary conceptual framework, toward supporting future digital media with intent to create mindfulness or heal trauma.

The lives of houseless individuals are characterized by powerlessness, meaninglessness, hopelessness, and despair, yet they have a desire to escape homelessness. While the economic aspect is essential for escaping homelessness, psychological resources are crucial, as they form the basis of the strength needed to achieve independence. The study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a logotherapy-based empowerment program developed to strengthen the capabilities of persons living houseless and ultimately develop competencies that serve as a foundation for self-reliance. The study was performed in a homeless support center for men living houseless in South Korea using a repeated-measures design with a control group. The experimental group received an eight-session empowerment program over 8 weeks. The participants were assessed at three intervals: pretest, posttest immediately after the program, and follow-up test 4 weeks after the posttest. The follow-up tests were completed by 22 and 16 participants in the experimental and control groups, respectively. We found that the empowerment program significantly enhanced the meaning of life, hope, and empowerment of houseless individuals. Community mental health nurses, who are in a position to interact with persons living houseless, must empower them to escape homelessness and achieve self-reliance, an important goal for this population.

The goal of this study was to examine the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, including public health measures (mitigation and containment efforts), on new onset mental health diagnoses by age group. This study was a longitudinal retrospective cohort study. Data on new mental health diagnoses were extracted from the University of California Health System Electronic Health Records (EHR) that contained five academic health centers in California. Data were examined for identical timeframes before the COVID-19 pandemic (historical control cohort) and following the start of the pandemic (case cohort). Paired t-tests were used to test for differences in the number of new mental health diagnoses by age group. A two-way ANOVA was used to test for between group differences. The largest increase in mental health diagnoses (overall) was observed in the 26-35-year-old age group (p < 0.001) and for the following mental health diagnoses: anxiety, bipolar, depression, mood disturbance, and psychosis. Study findings may inform post-pandemic recovery efforts and pandemic preparedness strategies for future public health emergencies. Specifically, findings may guide the deployment of mental health screening, universal mental health interventions, and resource allocation for mental health to best support at risk groups during times of high vulnerability.