Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.1109/JAC-ECC51597.2020.9355852
Mohammad A. Maher, F. A. Abd El-Samie, O. Zahran
Integration of Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) and WiMAX technologies is viewed as a great solution for next-generation broadband access networks. In the systems adopting this strategy, weighty bandwidth allocation schemes are fundamental to fulfil the quality of service (QoS) and fairness requirements of different traffic classes. Existing proposals to overcome the bandwidth allocation problem in EPON/WiMAX networks dismiss collaboration between the self-interested EPON and WiMAX service providers (WSPs). This study presents a novel EPON-based semi-dynamic bandwidth allocation (S-DBA) method that shows points of interest in the integration process. In the proposed algorithm depending on the auction process, the optical line terminal runs an auction to adequately post the optical network unit bandwidth that distributes the most elevated bidders based on the measurement of the accessible bandwidth. Simulation results demonstrate massive upgrades compared with fair sharing using dual-service-level agreements, ‘limited service’ interleaved polling with adaptive cycle time methods, bandwidth allocation strategy using Stackelberg game, and bandwidth allocation strategy using coalition game regarding the quality of service parameters such as throughput and time delay. This will be extremely helpful for optical system upgrading and improvement with minimal effort.
{"title":"A Novel Semi-Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Algorithm for the Integrated EPON and WiMAX Based on Auction Process","authors":"Mohammad A. Maher, F. A. Abd El-Samie, O. Zahran","doi":"10.1109/JAC-ECC51597.2020.9355852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JAC-ECC51597.2020.9355852","url":null,"abstract":"Integration of Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) and WiMAX technologies is viewed as a great solution for next-generation broadband access networks. In the systems adopting this strategy, weighty bandwidth allocation schemes are fundamental to fulfil the quality of service (QoS) and fairness requirements of different traffic classes. Existing proposals to overcome the bandwidth allocation problem in EPON/WiMAX networks dismiss collaboration between the self-interested EPON and WiMAX service providers (WSPs). This study presents a novel EPON-based semi-dynamic bandwidth allocation (S-DBA) method that shows points of interest in the integration process. In the proposed algorithm depending on the auction process, the optical line terminal runs an auction to adequately post the optical network unit bandwidth that distributes the most elevated bidders based on the measurement of the accessible bandwidth. Simulation results demonstrate massive upgrades compared with fair sharing using dual-service-level agreements, ‘limited service’ interleaved polling with adaptive cycle time methods, bandwidth allocation strategy using Stackelberg game, and bandwidth allocation strategy using coalition game regarding the quality of service parameters such as throughput and time delay. This will be extremely helpful for optical system upgrading and improvement with minimal effort.","PeriodicalId":146890,"journal":{"name":"2020 8th International Japan-Africa Conference on Electronics, Communications, and Computations (JAC-ECC)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122564103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.1109/JAC-ECC51597.2020.9355909
Salem Abd El-Hakem Hegazy, A. Kamel, I. Arafa, Y. Elhalwagy
Inertial Navigation System (INS) is used in a variety of applications such as missile and marine navigation. INS is comprised of an inertial measuring unit (IMU) and a processor unit that performs the navigation mathematics calculations. In order to get accurate navigation data via INS, calibration of IMU sensors are necessary. Mechanical sensors are used in high-precision navigation, such as strategic missiles and are characterized by their low random noise. However, deterministic errors can cause very significant errors in positioning such as biases, scale factors, non-orthogonality errors, and g-sensitive and non-g-sensitive drifts. Therefore, determining an effective and accurate method of calibration is necessary to estimate and compensate for these errors. The suggested methodology accurately calculates the calibration parameters to minimize those errors. The traditional calibration techniques of the accelerometer are restricted in precision, since the estimation of scale factor and bias obtained from a limited number of positions depending on the gravity direction. These calibration techniques are also limited in the estimation of g-sensitive and non-g-sensitive drifts impacting gyro performance. This paper presents a new technique of calibration that overcomes these drawbacks, based on an enhancement of multi-position technique. Experimental results for the proposed technique was carried out to confirm its efficiency.
{"title":"Improved Multi-Position Calibration Method for Mechanical Inertia Measurement Units","authors":"Salem Abd El-Hakem Hegazy, A. Kamel, I. Arafa, Y. Elhalwagy","doi":"10.1109/JAC-ECC51597.2020.9355909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JAC-ECC51597.2020.9355909","url":null,"abstract":"Inertial Navigation System (INS) is used in a variety of applications such as missile and marine navigation. INS is comprised of an inertial measuring unit (IMU) and a processor unit that performs the navigation mathematics calculations. In order to get accurate navigation data via INS, calibration of IMU sensors are necessary. Mechanical sensors are used in high-precision navigation, such as strategic missiles and are characterized by their low random noise. However, deterministic errors can cause very significant errors in positioning such as biases, scale factors, non-orthogonality errors, and g-sensitive and non-g-sensitive drifts. Therefore, determining an effective and accurate method of calibration is necessary to estimate and compensate for these errors. The suggested methodology accurately calculates the calibration parameters to minimize those errors. The traditional calibration techniques of the accelerometer are restricted in precision, since the estimation of scale factor and bias obtained from a limited number of positions depending on the gravity direction. These calibration techniques are also limited in the estimation of g-sensitive and non-g-sensitive drifts impacting gyro performance. This paper presents a new technique of calibration that overcomes these drawbacks, based on an enhancement of multi-position technique. Experimental results for the proposed technique was carried out to confirm its efficiency.","PeriodicalId":146890,"journal":{"name":"2020 8th International Japan-Africa Conference on Electronics, Communications, and Computations (JAC-ECC)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121763733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355965
Nariman A. Salam Bauomy, Eslam Ahmed Elbeh
One of the main requirements of any satellite is the ability to communicate with the ground station reliably by sending and receiving data. In this paper, a design and simulation of the communication system between Ground Control Station (GCS) and the CubeSat for transmitting and receiving the telemetry data is introduced. Two different protocols are used for communication which are: Simple Serial Protocol (SSP) for the physical connections and AX.25 for radio transmission. Furthermore, the error of the received data is checked by using the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) technique. The communication subsystem is developed by using Software Defined Radio (SDR) transceiver to perform multi-modulation techniques such as ASK, FSK, BPSK, and QPSK. The system is implemented by using LabVIEW to verify the communication between CubeSat and GCS.
{"title":"Design of SDR Simulation for Wireless Communication between Ground Station and CubeSat Implemented by LabVIEW","authors":"Nariman A. Salam Bauomy, Eslam Ahmed Elbeh","doi":"10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355965","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main requirements of any satellite is the ability to communicate with the ground station reliably by sending and receiving data. In this paper, a design and simulation of the communication system between Ground Control Station (GCS) and the CubeSat for transmitting and receiving the telemetry data is introduced. Two different protocols are used for communication which are: Simple Serial Protocol (SSP) for the physical connections and AX.25 for radio transmission. Furthermore, the error of the received data is checked by using the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) technique. The communication subsystem is developed by using Software Defined Radio (SDR) transceiver to perform multi-modulation techniques such as ASK, FSK, BPSK, and QPSK. The system is implemented by using LabVIEW to verify the communication between CubeSat and GCS.","PeriodicalId":146890,"journal":{"name":"2020 8th International Japan-Africa Conference on Electronics, Communications, and Computations (JAC-ECC)","volume":"94 30-31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121256907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355864
Doaa Youssef, Salah Hassab-Elnaby
Speckle pattern produced by biological tissue is a grainy and stochastic texture image that appeared to cover such a diffuse object when illuminated by laser radiation. While the speckle pattern has been treated as unwanted noise that distorts the measurement results in any imaging modality involved laser illumination, it holds important information concerning the observed diffuse object that can be extracted by texture analysis. In this study, texture characterization of the speckle pattern as an information carrier about the surface roughness of biological tissue was investigated through a completely blind image quality assessment. The proposed work was applied to ten bovine articular cartilage samples degenerated into different average roughness values, ranging from 0.09 μm to 2.51 μm. The obtained results provided a good relationship between the quantitative image quality assessment metric and the average surface roughness.
{"title":"Investigating speckle pattern produced by biological tissue via image quality assessment","authors":"Doaa Youssef, Salah Hassab-Elnaby","doi":"10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355864","url":null,"abstract":"Speckle pattern produced by biological tissue is a grainy and stochastic texture image that appeared to cover such a diffuse object when illuminated by laser radiation. While the speckle pattern has been treated as unwanted noise that distorts the measurement results in any imaging modality involved laser illumination, it holds important information concerning the observed diffuse object that can be extracted by texture analysis. In this study, texture characterization of the speckle pattern as an information carrier about the surface roughness of biological tissue was investigated through a completely blind image quality assessment. The proposed work was applied to ten bovine articular cartilage samples degenerated into different average roughness values, ranging from 0.09 μm to 2.51 μm. The obtained results provided a good relationship between the quantitative image quality assessment metric and the average surface roughness.","PeriodicalId":146890,"journal":{"name":"2020 8th International Japan-Africa Conference on Electronics, Communications, and Computations (JAC-ECC)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115839196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.1109/JAC-ECC51597.2020.9355921
Ahmed M. Abbas, A. Zekry, Khaled Y. Youssef, I. Mahmoud
Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) became a complement part of the fifth-generation (5G) network’s specifications due to its superiority to the other IoT networks from many different aspects. However, the relation between NB-IoT spectral efficiency and the type of IoT application is not studied enough. This paper evaluates the NB-IoT uplink scheduler’s performance based on the current standard for the four different NB-IoT data rates to study three performance metrics for each one. We apply our analysis to the traffic of periodic IoT applications. The Simulink environment’s State-flow toolbox is exploited, which supports state-machine modeling methodology to benefit from their features to model the NB-IoT access network’s uplink scheduler with a scalable model capability for future works. After verification and validation, our simulation results depict that the NB-IoT single-tone data rate achieves the highest resources utilization, and it is the optimum choice to carry periodic IoT traffic.
{"title":"Simulink based Modeling and Performance Analysis of NB-IoT Uplink Scheduler","authors":"Ahmed M. Abbas, A. Zekry, Khaled Y. Youssef, I. Mahmoud","doi":"10.1109/JAC-ECC51597.2020.9355921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JAC-ECC51597.2020.9355921","url":null,"abstract":"Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) became a complement part of the fifth-generation (5G) network’s specifications due to its superiority to the other IoT networks from many different aspects. However, the relation between NB-IoT spectral efficiency and the type of IoT application is not studied enough. This paper evaluates the NB-IoT uplink scheduler’s performance based on the current standard for the four different NB-IoT data rates to study three performance metrics for each one. We apply our analysis to the traffic of periodic IoT applications. The Simulink environment’s State-flow toolbox is exploited, which supports state-machine modeling methodology to benefit from their features to model the NB-IoT access network’s uplink scheduler with a scalable model capability for future works. After verification and validation, our simulation results depict that the NB-IoT single-tone data rate achieves the highest resources utilization, and it is the optimum choice to carry periodic IoT traffic.","PeriodicalId":146890,"journal":{"name":"2020 8th International Japan-Africa Conference on Electronics, Communications, and Computations (JAC-ECC)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126844922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355878
A. I. Mostafa, A. Zekry
Till now, the Coordinated Universal Time of the National Institute of Standards (UTC(NIS)), which is the Egyptian Time Scale (TS), is generated by using a single Cesium (Cs) atomic clock. But, the reliability and frequency stability of UTC(NIS) in that case are limited by those of the single Cs clock. In the near future, UTC(NIS) will be generated by using the average atomic TS (TA(NIS)) from an ensemble of Cs clocks to enhance its reliability and frequency stability. In this paper, a simulation is carried out to check the effectiveness of generating TA(NIS) from the 3 Cs clocks of NIS clock ensemble. Results from TA(NIS) simulation will be presented and discussed before it is used for UTC(NIS) generation in the real-time. Also, in this paper, the two steering techniques that are currently used for UTC(NIS) generation instead of TA(NIS) to enhance its time accuracy with respect to the international TS (UTC) are introduced. Results show that these techniques were effective and able to reduce the TS difference values (UTC-UTC(NIS)) to below ± 100 ns in the last 3 years, as recommended by the international Consultative Committee of Time and Frequency (CCTF).
{"title":"UTC(NIS) Steering Techniques with Few Number of Atomic Clocks","authors":"A. I. Mostafa, A. Zekry","doi":"10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355878","url":null,"abstract":"Till now, the Coordinated Universal Time of the National Institute of Standards (UTC(NIS)), which is the Egyptian Time Scale (TS), is generated by using a single Cesium (Cs) atomic clock. But, the reliability and frequency stability of UTC(NIS) in that case are limited by those of the single Cs clock. In the near future, UTC(NIS) will be generated by using the average atomic TS (TA(NIS)) from an ensemble of Cs clocks to enhance its reliability and frequency stability. In this paper, a simulation is carried out to check the effectiveness of generating TA(NIS) from the 3 Cs clocks of NIS clock ensemble. Results from TA(NIS) simulation will be presented and discussed before it is used for UTC(NIS) generation in the real-time. Also, in this paper, the two steering techniques that are currently used for UTC(NIS) generation instead of TA(NIS) to enhance its time accuracy with respect to the international TS (UTC) are introduced. Results show that these techniques were effective and able to reduce the TS difference values (UTC-UTC(NIS)) to below ± 100 ns in the last 3 years, as recommended by the international Consultative Committee of Time and Frequency (CCTF).","PeriodicalId":146890,"journal":{"name":"2020 8th International Japan-Africa Conference on Electronics, Communications, and Computations (JAC-ECC)","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131819384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355947
F. M. Abdel Hamied, K. Mahmoud, M. Hussein, S. Obayya
In this work, new design of hexagonal dipole nano-rectenna for solar energy harvesting is presented. The proposed design is composed of silver hexagonal nano-dipole antenna integrated with metal insulator metal (MIM) tunnel diode with single and double insulators. The proposed hexagonal nano-dipole antenna consists of two identical elements separated apart by air gap. The MIM tunnel diode is realized by overlapping the nano-antenna (NA) arms and sandwiching metal oxide layer in between to benefit from the high localized fields at the NA gap. The reported design performance in terms of the total radiation efficiency, directivity and total harvesting efficiency is studied. The numerical study of NA is carried out in the wavelength range 300–3000 nm, using the finite integral technique (FIT) method. The reported design has an average total radiation efficiency of 92.28% in the wavelength of range (300–3000) nm. The proposed NA with single insulator MIM diode, and double insulator, MIIM diode, give roughly the same results of maximum radiation efficiency of 98%, maximum directivity of 14 at the wavelength of 500 nm and total harvesting efficiency of 95.35%. These results are attributed to the sharp tips of hexagonal arms. Furthermore, MIIM diode offers zero bias voltage responsivity of 17.29 A/W and maximum responsivity of −170.9 A/W. This enhancement is due to the use of multi-insulators between the two metals.
{"title":"Design and Analysis of Hexagonal Dipole Nano-Rectenna Based on MIIM Diode for Solar Energy Harvesting","authors":"F. M. Abdel Hamied, K. Mahmoud, M. Hussein, S. Obayya","doi":"10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355947","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, new design of hexagonal dipole nano-rectenna for solar energy harvesting is presented. The proposed design is composed of silver hexagonal nano-dipole antenna integrated with metal insulator metal (MIM) tunnel diode with single and double insulators. The proposed hexagonal nano-dipole antenna consists of two identical elements separated apart by air gap. The MIM tunnel diode is realized by overlapping the nano-antenna (NA) arms and sandwiching metal oxide layer in between to benefit from the high localized fields at the NA gap. The reported design performance in terms of the total radiation efficiency, directivity and total harvesting efficiency is studied. The numerical study of NA is carried out in the wavelength range 300–3000 nm, using the finite integral technique (FIT) method. The reported design has an average total radiation efficiency of 92.28% in the wavelength of range (300–3000) nm. The proposed NA with single insulator MIM diode, and double insulator, MIIM diode, give roughly the same results of maximum radiation efficiency of 98%, maximum directivity of 14 at the wavelength of 500 nm and total harvesting efficiency of 95.35%. These results are attributed to the sharp tips of hexagonal arms. Furthermore, MIIM diode offers zero bias voltage responsivity of 17.29 A/W and maximum responsivity of −170.9 A/W. This enhancement is due to the use of multi-insulators between the two metals.","PeriodicalId":146890,"journal":{"name":"2020 8th International Japan-Africa Conference on Electronics, Communications, and Computations (JAC-ECC)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131772861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355908
Heba Abdelmoneim Atia, A. Zekry, A. Shaker
For a long time researchers try to develop tools or systems that could help in detecting the motion of the moving body and tracking it. It had a big importance in many fields such as sport performance, medical, virtual reality and many more fields. This paper proves that a solar cell can be modified to function as a Position Sensitive Detector (PSD), which could be used as the detector in a motion detection system. We modeled and simulated one dimensionally modified solar cell by TCAD simulation tools to calculate the detected photocurrent as a function of the position of an incident laser beam sourced by the moving object. The position detection error of the modified solar cell simulation is less than ± 1%. This shows the possibility of converting a solar cell to a PSD.
{"title":"Solar Cell Modification for Large Area Motion Detection: Proof of Concept","authors":"Heba Abdelmoneim Atia, A. Zekry, A. Shaker","doi":"10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355908","url":null,"abstract":"For a long time researchers try to develop tools or systems that could help in detecting the motion of the moving body and tracking it. It had a big importance in many fields such as sport performance, medical, virtual reality and many more fields. This paper proves that a solar cell can be modified to function as a Position Sensitive Detector (PSD), which could be used as the detector in a motion detection system. We modeled and simulated one dimensionally modified solar cell by TCAD simulation tools to calculate the detected photocurrent as a function of the position of an incident laser beam sourced by the moving object. The position detection error of the modified solar cell simulation is less than ± 1%. This shows the possibility of converting a solar cell to a PSD.","PeriodicalId":146890,"journal":{"name":"2020 8th International Japan-Africa Conference on Electronics, Communications, and Computations (JAC-ECC)","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123838317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355932
A. Hussein, Reham Tarek, Haytham Osama, Rana Fawzy, K. Elsayed, M. Taha
The Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) Mesh Networking Specifications enable the many-to-many topology over BLE. However, it adopts a managed flooding technique that may lead to network congestion, especially in large-scale networks. Herein, we devise and implement a routing solution based on the Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol to adapt to the network demands and dynamics, allowing messages to be routed directly towards the destination without flooding. Intermediate relays are selected using a combined metric that exploits the best combination of the number of intermediate hops and RSSI. With the addition of the route maintenance and route breakage detection functionality, efficient reliable bidirectional paths between network nodes can thus be achieved. The proposed routing solution provides efficient utilization of network resources by decreasing the amount of traffic, energy consumption, and packet loss for large-scale networks.
BLE (Bluetooth Low-Energy) Mesh Networking specification通过BLE实现多对多拓扑。然而，它采用了一种有管理的泛洪技术，可能导致网络拥塞，特别是在大型网络中。在此，我们设计并实现了一种基于Ad-hoc按需距离矢量(AODV)路由协议的路由解决方案，以适应网络的需求和动态，允许消息直接路由到目的地而不会泛滥。中间中继是使用综合度量来选择的，该度量利用中间跳数和RSSI的最佳组合。通过增加路由维护和路由破损检测功能，可以实现网络节点之间高效可靠的双向路径。提出的路由解决方案通过减少大规模网络的流量、能耗和丢包，有效地利用网络资源。
{"title":"An AODV-Based Routing Scheme for Large-Scale Bluetooth Low-Energy Mesh Networks","authors":"A. Hussein, Reham Tarek, Haytham Osama, Rana Fawzy, K. Elsayed, M. Taha","doi":"10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jac-ecc51597.2020.9355932","url":null,"abstract":"The Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) Mesh Networking Specifications enable the many-to-many topology over BLE. However, it adopts a managed flooding technique that may lead to network congestion, especially in large-scale networks. Herein, we devise and implement a routing solution based on the Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol to adapt to the network demands and dynamics, allowing messages to be routed directly towards the destination without flooding. Intermediate relays are selected using a combined metric that exploits the best combination of the number of intermediate hops and RSSI. With the addition of the route maintenance and route breakage detection functionality, efficient reliable bidirectional paths between network nodes can thus be achieved. The proposed routing solution provides efficient utilization of network resources by decreasing the amount of traffic, energy consumption, and packet loss for large-scale networks.","PeriodicalId":146890,"journal":{"name":"2020 8th International Japan-Africa Conference on Electronics, Communications, and Computations (JAC-ECC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131852953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.1109/JAC-ECC51597.2020.9355854
Farhad Mehdipour
The Internet of Things (IoT) is exponentially growth, however privacy and security vulnerabilities are major concerns against rapid adoption of this technology. Due to mainly its decentralized topology and the resource constraints of the majority of its devices, conventional security and privacy approaches are inapplicable for IoT. Interaction and communication between a large number of devices in a secure way is possible, but it can be expensive, time-consuming, and complex. Thus, there is a need for new security models rather than the current ones which are mostly centralized. This paper provides an overview of IoT architectural layers and components, security issues and challenges at different layers, some solutions, and future directions.
{"title":"A Review of IoT Security Challenges and Solutions","authors":"Farhad Mehdipour","doi":"10.1109/JAC-ECC51597.2020.9355854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JAC-ECC51597.2020.9355854","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet of Things (IoT) is exponentially growth, however privacy and security vulnerabilities are major concerns against rapid adoption of this technology. Due to mainly its decentralized topology and the resource constraints of the majority of its devices, conventional security and privacy approaches are inapplicable for IoT. Interaction and communication between a large number of devices in a secure way is possible, but it can be expensive, time-consuming, and complex. Thus, there is a need for new security models rather than the current ones which are mostly centralized. This paper provides an overview of IoT architectural layers and components, security issues and challenges at different layers, some solutions, and future directions.","PeriodicalId":146890,"journal":{"name":"2020 8th International Japan-Africa Conference on Electronics, Communications, and Computations (JAC-ECC)","volume":"231 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122949158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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