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Understanding Startup Entrepreneurs: Empirical Research of Sustainable Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurial Empowerment 了解初创企业家:可持续创业和创业赋权的实证研究
S. Shivhare, V. Shunmugasundaram, Nupur Kuhar
Entrepreneurship is important for economic progress, but sustainable business practices are necessary for long-term success. The factors influencing sustainable business practices in new businesses include entrepreneurial values, available resources and market demand for sustainability. This research focuses on exploring how economic, social and environmental sustainability factors impact the empowerment of startup entrepreneurs in India. By analysing these variables, the study aims to provide valuable insights into entrepreneurship in India. To achieve its objective, this study used survey techniques and collected data from 384 startup entrepreneurs in India through formal standardised questionnaires. The detailed profile obtained from the survey was used to evaluate the study’s objective. The study used quantitative methods to analyse primary data and answer research questions related to the significance of sustainability factors in the empowerment of startupreneurs. The analysis showed that a higher focus on economic sustainability is linked to better success and innovation among startups. Additionally, environmental sustainability was found to have a significant impact on startup entrepreneurs’ empowerment. The research concludes that economic and environmental sustainability factors are significant for the empowerment of startupreneurs in India. The findings provide insights into startups to succeed and maintain a competitive edge while contributing to socio-economic development.
创业对于经济进步非常重要,但可持续的商业实践是长期成功的必要条件。影响新企业可持续商业实践的因素包括企业家价值观、可用资源和市场对可持续发展的需求。本研究重点探讨经济、社会和环境可持续发展因素如何影响印度初创企业家的赋权。通过分析这些变量,本研究旨在为印度的创业提供有价值的见解。为实现研究目标,本研究采用了调查技术,通过正式的标准化问卷收集了印度 384 名初创企业创业者的数据。从调查中获得的详细资料用于评估研究目标。研究采用定量方法分析原始数据,并回答了与可持续发展因素对初创企业创业者赋权的意义相关的研究问题。分析表明,对经济可持续性的更多关注与初创企业的成功和创新有关。此外,研究还发现,环境可持续性对初创企业创业者的赋权也有重大影响。研究得出结论,经济和环境可持续性因素对印度初创企业创业者的赋权具有重要意义。研究结果为初创企业取得成功并保持竞争优势,同时为社会经济发展做出贡献提供了启示。
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引用次数: 0
Enterprises Among Scheduled Castes in India: An Emerging Scenario 印度在册种姓中的企业:新出现的情况
I. D. Rajesh
This article examines the characteristics of entrepreneurship among Scheduled Castes (SCs) in India using the 5th (2005) and 6th (2013) Economic Census data of the Central Statistical Office. The study employs the method of shift-share analysis to compare the growth of the enterprises at all India levels with that of SC-owned enterprises. The analysis reveals that the number of SC-owned enterprises has been increasing, with a significantly higher rate of change compared to the previous period. However, the prevalence of under-representation of SCs in the business field continues. The wholesale and retail trade, manufacturing and livestock are the three major activities in which SCs were concentrated. The emergence of new SC entrepreneurs has been influenced by several motivational factors, while there are also several factors that have a negative impact on the existence of SC entrepreneurs.
本文利用中央统计局的第五次(2005 年)和第六次(2013 年)经济普查数据,研究了印度在册种姓的创业特点。研究采用转移份额分析方法,比较了印度各级企业与在册种姓企业的增长情况。分析表明,在册种姓企业的数量一直在增加,变化率明显高于上一时期。然而,在册种姓在商业领域代表性不足的现象依然普遍存在。批发和零售业、制造业和畜牧业是在册种姓集中从事的三大活动。新的在册种姓企业家的出现受到一些激励因素的影响,同时也有一些因素对在册种姓企业家的存在产生负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Credit Access Towards MSMEs: 
An Investigation of Banker’s Perspectives 向中小微企业提供信贷:银行家视角调查
Greeshma S. Nair, Nikita Gopal
Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs), which are business activity units that run businesses in several fields, are vital for the economies of several countries. Credit access (CA) is regarded as an important matter for MSMEs’ growth in the development and sustainable growth of MSMEs. In the financial sectors, the government’s role via policies like augmenting MSMEs’ credit becomes completely significant. For evaluating CA towards MSMEs in Kerala, this study was developed. Analysing the challenges in accessing credit in MSMEs is the aim. For evaluating the outcomes, a simple random sampling methodology was deployed. In Kerala, the impact of credit knowledge was significant on MSMEs’ CA. As per the outcomes, a greater probability of augmenting loan access is engendered by the factor of challenges in attaining private equity funding and high lending interest rate.
微型、小型和中型企业(MSMEs)是在多个领域经营业务的商业活动单位,对多个国家的经济至关重要。在微小中型企业的发展和可持续增长过程中,获得信贷(CA)被视为微小中型企业增长的重要事项。在金融领域,政府通过增加微小中型企业信贷等政策所发挥的作用至关重要。为了评估喀拉拉邦对中小微企业的信贷政策,我们开展了这项研究。本研究旨在分析中小微企业在获得信贷方面所面临的挑战。为评估结果,采用了简单随机抽样方法。在喀拉拉邦,信贷知识对微型企业和中小型企业的 CA 有显著影响。根据结果,获得私募股权融资和高贷款利率的挑战因素增加了获得贷款的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
An Empirical Study on Customer Perception Towards Digital 
Marketing in the Banking Sector 银行业客户对数字营销看法的实证研究
Nishita Pruthi, Rohit Bansal
For marketers, the digital world offers a plethora of novel opportunities. Marketing in the modern day is all about relationships, involvement and relevancy. Digital marketing is the practice of marketers promoting goods and services through electronic media. The main objective of this study is to study the perception of customers towards digital marketing strategies implemented in the banking sector. Data were gathered from 535 banking customers by transmitting the questionnaire via Google Forms and handing out printed copies of the questionnaire. Results suggested that customers perceive digital marketing strategies as informative, interactive, entertaining and trustworthy but not offensive and personalised. Further, it was found that there is no significant difference among customers of different educational levels and occupations regarding customer perception towards digital marketing while a significant difference was found among customers based on age and income level. This analysis adds a great deal to the body of knowledge on marketing and has useful implications for marketing professionals as comprehending the perception of customers towards digital marketing may assist them in anticipating the usage of digital marketing.
对于营销人员来说,数字世界提供了大量新机遇。现代营销的核心是关系、参与和相关性。数字营销是营销人员通过电子媒体推广商品和服务的一种做法。本研究的主要目的是研究客户对银行业实施的数字营销战略的看法。研究人员通过谷歌表格和发放问卷打印稿的方式,从 535 名银行客户中收集了数据。结果表明,客户认为数字营销策略具有信息性、互动性、娱乐性和可信性,但不具有攻击性和个性化。此外,研究还发现,不同教育水平和职业的客户对数字营销的认知没有显著差异,而不同年龄和收入水平的客户对数字营销的认知存在显著差异。这项分析为市场营销知识体系增添了大量内容,并对市场营销专业人员具有有益的启示,因为了解客户对数字营销的看法有助于他们预测数字营销的使用情况。
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引用次数: 0
Business Analytics in Steel Product Fabrication Cluster 钢铁产品制造集群的业务分析
E. Bhaskaran
Forty micro and small steel products manufacturing enterprises in Salem District of Tamil Nadu, South India faced problems in value addition of the steel products like windows, grill gates, truss work and panel boards manufactured by them. They formed M/s Salem Steel Cluster Pvt Ltd; Salem, a special purpose vehicle, in 2012 by getting funds from the Government of Tamil Nadu and the Government of India through the Tamil Nadu Small Industries Development Corporation under Micro Small Enterprises Cluster Development Programme of Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, Government of India. The objective is to find the physical and financial performance of the Steel Product Fabrication Cluster (SPFC) before and after Cluster Development Approach (CDA) to find the productivity of the cluster by taking independent variables like number of units, employment and production and dependent variable like turnover, and to find the performance of SPFC before and after CDA. To find business analytics models like Diagnostic Analytics, Descriptive Analytics, Inferential Analytics, Predictive Analytics, Prescriptive Analytics and Decision Analytics. The methodology adopted is by collecting primary data like number of units, employment in numbers, production in crores and turnover in crores before and after CDA and analysing using Compound Annual Growth Rate, Descriptive Analysis, Correlation Analysis, Trend Analysis, Regression Analysis, Structural Equation Modelling and T-Test. There is a Difference in Difference between controlled units which have not adopted CDA and experimental units which have adopted CDA, where there is an increase in number of units, employment, profit and turnover. To conclude, there is an increase in number of units, employment, production and turnover after CDA when compared to before CDA, which leads to an increase in productivity thereby Sustainable Development Goals of 1, 4, 5, 8 and 9 are achieved.
印度南部泰米尔纳德邦塞勒姆地区的 40 家微型和小型钢铁产品制造企业在其生产的窗户、格栅门、桁架和面板等钢铁产品的增值方面面临问题。2012 年,他们通过泰米尔纳德邦小型工业发展公司从泰米尔纳德邦政府和印度政府获得资金,在印度政府微型、小型和中型企业部微型、小型和中型企业集群发展计划下成立了 M/s Salem Steel Cluster Pvt Ltd; Salem,这是一家特殊目的公司。目的是通过单位数量、就业和产量等自变量和营业额等因变量,找出钢铁产品制造集群(SPFC)在集群发展方法(CDA)前后的物理和财务表现,从而找出集群的生产力,并找出钢铁产品制造集群在集群发展方法前后的表现。寻找商业分析模型,如诊断分析、描述分析、推理分析、预测分析、描述分析和决策分析。采用的方法是收集 CDA 前后的单位数、就业人数、产量(亿)和营业额(亿)等原始数据,并使用复合年增长率、描述性分析、相关性分析、趋势分析、回归分析、结构方程建模和 T 检验进行分析。未采用 CDA 的受控单位与采用 CDA 的实验单位之间存在差异,单位数量、就业人数、利润和营业额均有所增加。总之,与采用 CDA 之前相比,采用 CDA 之后,单位数量、就业人数、产量和营业额都有所增加,从而提高了生产率,实现了可持续发展目标 1、4、5、8 和 9。
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引用次数: 0
Predictors of Nurses’ Talent 
Retention in MSME-run Home Healthcare Centre in Chennai 钦奈中小微企业开办的家庭保健中心护士留住人才的预测因素
Ganesh Kannan, K. Arockiam, R. Murali
This research aims to identify the elements accountable for retaining talent among home healthcare nurses in Chennai. The researchers adopted a descriptive approach. The sample size of this research study is 217 respondents who are nurses from the micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME) corporate centre at Nandanam, covering its areas within Chennai city. The tool used for this study purpose was the questionnaire, consisting of eight constructs: training, compensation, cohesion, autonomy, workload, non-monetary benefits, nurses’ satisfaction and nurses’ retention. The socio-demographic factors such as age, gender, qualification, annual income, employment type, experience, marital status and designation were considered. Data analysis was done using SPSS 21.0. The reliability measures ensured the consistency of the data set. Percentage analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and multiple regression are the statistical tests used. Important discussions were given in the article related to the Indian healthcare sector.
本研究旨在确定钦奈家庭保健护士留住人才的要素。研究人员采用了描述性方法。本研究的样本量为 217 名受访者,他们都是来自南达纳姆(Nandanam)微型、小型和中型企业(MSME)公司中心的护士,涵盖了钦奈市的各个地区。本研究使用的工具是调查问卷,包括八个方面:培训、报酬、凝聚力、自主性、工作量、非货币福利、护士满意度和护士保留率。此外,还考虑了年龄、性别、学历、年收入、就业类型、经验、婚姻状况和职称等社会人口因素。数据分析采用 SPSS 21.0 进行。可靠性测量确保了数据集的一致性。使用了百分比分析、描述性统计、皮尔逊相关和多元回归等统计检验方法。文章对印度医疗保健行业进行了重要讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Financial Literacy of Microentrepreneurs and its Effect on the Business Performance and Innovativeness: Empirical Evidence from India 微型企业家的金融知识及其对企业绩效和创新能力的影响:印度的经验证据
Rashika Kumari, V. C. Sharma, Mohd Adnan
Micro-entrepreneurs are the strategic assets of the nation, given their mammoth share in maintaining the socio-economic equilibrium and inclusive growth of the economy. Despite their contribution to India’s economy, they are still confronted with several on-ground hurdles, such as inadequate financial literacy among entrepreneurs, inaccessibility to affordable credit, financial mismanagement and lack of innovation. The extant literature has revealed that financial illiteracy and lack of innovation have raised pertinent concerns across the world, given the increasing rate of business failures. Nonetheless, the effect of financial literacy on organisational performance and innovativeness remains underexplored and fragmented. This study aims to examine the effect of financial literacy on the business performance and innovativeness of the micro-entrepreneurs in Delhi-National Capital Region (NCR) in India. Primary data were gathered from around 302 micro-entrepreneurs registered in Delhi-NCR through self-administered questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted through SmartPLS 4 software. The results indicated that financial literacy significantly impacts business performance and innovativeness among micro-entrepreneurs. Therefore, the study advocates wider participation of policymakers, financial service providers and managers in designing tailored strategies aimed to enhance the financial education of micro-entrepreneurs.
微型企业家是国家的战略资产,因为他们在维持社会经济平衡和经济包容性增长方面发挥着巨大作用。尽管他们对印度经济做出了贡献,但仍面临着一些实际障碍,如创业者的金融知识不足、无法获得负担得起的信贷、金融管理不善和缺乏创新。现有文献显示,鉴于企业失败率不断上升,金融文盲和缺乏创新已引起全世界的相关关注。然而,金融扫盲对组织绩效和创新能力的影响仍未得到充分探讨,而且研究内容零散。本研究旨在探讨金融知识对印度德里-国家首都地区(NCR)微型企业家的经营业绩和创新能力的影响。本研究通过自填问卷的方式从德里-国家首都地区注册的约 302 名微型企业家那里收集了原始数据。数据分析通过 SmartPLS 4 软件进行。结果表明,金融知识对微型企业家的经营业绩和创新能力有重大影响。因此,本研究提倡政策制定者、金融服务提供者和管理者更广泛地参与设计有针对性的战略,以加强微型企业家的金融教育。
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引用次数: 0
The Public Sector Value-based Management: Effect of the Digital Matrix on the Optimisation of Resources for Micro-organisations 公共部门基于价值的管理:数字矩阵对微观组织资源优化的影响
Walter Amedzro St-Hilaire
This article empirically evaluates the effect of the digital matrix on the value base of public sector micro-organisations. The results indicate that the digital matrix is a factor that optimising the value base of government start-ups and has a significant impact on their productivity and performance. Indeed, the optimisation of resources, generated by the digital matrix, leads to business performance and operational efficiency at the strategic planning level. The interconnection between the matrix and the value chain favours the technical flexibility of operationalisation strategies in the value-based public sector micro-organisations’ management. Thus, the matrix allows young public sector micro-organisations to optimise their resources for a greater appropriation of the value created.
本文通过实证研究评估了数字矩阵对公共部门微型组织价值基础的影响。结果表明,数字矩阵是优化政府初创企业价值基础的一个因素,对其生产率和绩效有重大影响。事实上,数字矩阵所产生的资源优化能在战略规划层面上提高企业绩效和运营效率。矩阵与价值链之间的相互联系有利于以价值为基础的公共部门微型组织管理中运营战略的技术灵活性。因此,矩阵允许年轻的公共部门微型组织优化其资源,以更大程度地利用所创造的价值。
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引用次数: 0
The Public Sector Value-based Management: Effect of the Digital Matrix on the Optimisation of Resources for Micro-organisations 公共部门基于价值的管理:数字矩阵对微观组织资源优化的影响
Walter Amedzro St-Hilaire
This article empirically evaluates the effect of the digital matrix on the value base of public sector micro-organisations. The results indicate that the digital matrix is a factor that optimising the value base of government start-ups and has a significant impact on their productivity and performance. Indeed, the optimisation of resources, generated by the digital matrix, leads to business performance and operational efficiency at the strategic planning level. The interconnection between the matrix and the value chain favours the technical flexibility of operationalisation strategies in the value-based public sector micro-organisations’ management. Thus, the matrix allows young public sector micro-organisations to optimise their resources for a greater appropriation of the value created.
本文通过实证研究评估了数字矩阵对公共部门微型组织价值基础的影响。结果表明,数字矩阵是优化政府初创企业价值基础的一个因素,对其生产率和绩效有重大影响。事实上,数字矩阵所产生的资源优化能在战略规划层面上提高企业绩效和运营效率。矩阵与价值链之间的相互联系有利于以价值为基础的公共部门微型组织管理中运营战略的技术灵活性。因此,矩阵允许年轻的公共部门微型组织优化其资源,以更大程度地利用所创造的价值。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Workplace Competencies on Organisational Effectiveness: Personal Effectiveness as a Mediator in MSMEs of Manipur 工作场所能力对组织效率的影响:曼尼普尔省中小微企业中的个人效率中介
Jianguanglung Dangmei, A. Singh
The necessity for understanding workplace competencies and personal effectiveness has arisen as a result of the rising pressure on employees to adapt to the changing nature of work and enterprises to remain competitive in the marketplace. In this context, employers need to identify the factors impacting work performance to achieve organisational effectiveness. Organisational effectiveness is one of the most significant organisational goals practically for all firms in every industry. Organisations create several strategies to compete with rivals and to improve organisational performance in order to achieve business success. No organisation can advance or be successful unless and until its employees are competent to complete duties and achieve goals. Therefore, the current study makes an effort to comprehend the significance of workplace competencies and personal effectiveness on organisational effectiveness in the micro, small and medium enterprises of Manipur. This study finds that workplace competencies have a significant effect on the organisational effectiveness and also ascertains that personal effectiveness acts as a positive mediator in the workplace.
由于员工要适应不断变化的工作性质和企业要保持市场竞争力的压力不断增加,因此有必要了解工作场所的能力和个人效能。在这种情况下,雇主需要确定影响工作绩效的因素,以实现组织效能。组织效能实际上是各行各业所有企业最重要的组织目标之一。各组织都会制定多种战略与对手竞争,并提高组织绩效,以取得商业成功。任何组织都不可能取得进步或成功,除非其员工有能力完成职责和实现目标。因此,本研究试图了解工作场所能力和个人效率对曼尼普尔邦微型、小型和中型企业组织效率的重要意义。本研究发现,工作场所能力对组织效率有重大影响,同时还确定个人效率在工作场所起到了积极的中介作用。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
SEDME (Small Enterprises Development, Management & Extension Journal): A worldwide window on MSME Studies
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