A. Grado, E. Brocato, M. Branchesi, E. Cappellaro, S. Covino, Fedor I. Getman, G. Greco, L. Limatola, G. Stratta, Shengqi Yang
We report on the deep optical follow-up surveys of the four gravitational-wave events accomplished by the GRAvitational Wave Inaf TeAm Collaboration (GRAWITA) using the VLT Survey Telescope (VST). We responded promptly to the gravitational-wave alerts sent by the LIGO and Virgo Collaborations, covering a region of $90$ deg$^2$, $72$ deg$^2$ and $99$ deg$^2$ for GW150914, GW151226 and GW170814 respectively, and kept observing the three areas over nearly two months. The surveys average limiting magnitude reached about 22 mag AB in the $r-$band. For GW170817 event we secured deep observations of AT2017gfo's host galaxy NGC4993. The paper outlines the VST observational strategy and two independent procedures developed to search for transient counterpart candidates in multi-epoch VST images. For BBH events, numerous transients have been discovered, mostly variable stars and eclipsing binaries, but no candidates are identified as related to the gravitational-wave events. For GW170817 event the VST observations allows to measure the optical transient magnitudes at the faint end of the light curve.
{"title":"GW optical counterpart search in the Multi-Messenger Astronomy Era","authors":"A. Grado, E. Brocato, M. Branchesi, E. Cappellaro, S. Covino, Fedor I. Getman, G. Greco, L. Limatola, G. Stratta, Shengqi Yang","doi":"10.22323/1.325.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.325.0025","url":null,"abstract":"We report on the deep optical follow-up surveys of the four gravitational-wave events accomplished by the GRAvitational Wave Inaf TeAm Collaboration (GRAWITA) using the VLT Survey Telescope (VST). We responded promptly to the gravitational-wave alerts sent by the LIGO and Virgo Collaborations, covering a region of $90$ deg$^2$, $72$ deg$^2$ and $99$ deg$^2$ for GW150914, GW151226 and GW170814 respectively, and kept observing the three areas over nearly two months. The surveys average limiting magnitude reached about 22 mag AB in the $r-$band. For GW170817 event we secured deep observations of AT2017gfo's host galaxy NGC4993. \u0000The paper outlines the VST observational strategy and two independent procedures \u0000developed to search for transient counterpart candidates in multi-epoch VST images. For BBH events, numerous transients have been discovered, mostly variable stars and eclipsing binaries, but no candidates are identified as related to the gravitational-wave events. \u0000For GW170817 event the VST observations allows to measure the optical transient magnitudes at the faint end of the light curve.","PeriodicalId":147125,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Gravitational-waves Science&Technology Symposium — PoS(GRASS2018)","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134013342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The era of multi-messenger astrophysics began on 2017 Aug 17 with the discovery of a short GRB and of a kilonova associated with the GW170817 gravitational wave transient detected by the LIGO/Virgo interferometers. The observations confirm the predicted scenario for the merging of two neutron stars and demonstrated the potential of combining information derived from different messengers. We briefly summarise the challenges and opportunities for the multi-wavelength contribution to the forthcoming LIGO/Virgo runs of the Italian astrophysical community.
{"title":"Electromagnetic facilities and observing strategies for multi-messenger science: situation and future perspectives","authors":"E. Cappellaro","doi":"10.22323/1.325.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.325.0021","url":null,"abstract":"The era of multi-messenger astrophysics began on 2017 Aug 17 with the discovery of a short GRB and of a kilonova associated with the GW170817 gravitational wave transient detected by the LIGO/Virgo interferometers. The observations confirm the predicted scenario for the merging of two neutron stars and demonstrated the potential of combining information derived from different messengers. We briefly summarise the challenges and opportunities for the multi-wavelength contribution to the forthcoming LIGO/Virgo runs of the Italian astrophysical community.","PeriodicalId":147125,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Gravitational-waves Science&Technology Symposium — PoS(GRASS2018)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125072104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. D. Laurentis, S. Avino, A. Basti, E. Calloni, S. Caprara, L. Errico, G. Esposito, F. Frasconi, G. Gagliardi, F. Garufi, M. Grilli, E. Majorana, S. Petrarca, P. Puppo, P. Rapagnani, F. Ricci, L. Rosa, C. Rovelli, P. Ruggi, C. Stornaiolo, D. Stornaiuolo, F. Tafuri, R. Rosa
Archimedes is an experiment devoted to measure the weight of zero point energy by weighing a cascade of rigid Casimir cavitities costituted by a layered type II superconductor, when the reflec- tivity of the cavities is modulated and thus the energy inside. In this paper the working principle of the experiment is presented and the results of the existing prototype are presented, showing the torque sensitivity of about 10−11 Nm/sqrtHz in the region of frequency from about 50 mHz up two 150 mHz. Moreover the major upgrades needed to reach the desired final sensitivity are discussed.
{"title":"Archimedes experiment: weighing the vacuum","authors":"M. D. Laurentis, S. Avino, A. Basti, E. Calloni, S. Caprara, L. Errico, G. Esposito, F. Frasconi, G. Gagliardi, F. Garufi, M. Grilli, E. Majorana, S. Petrarca, P. Puppo, P. Rapagnani, F. Ricci, L. Rosa, C. Rovelli, P. Ruggi, C. Stornaiolo, D. Stornaiuolo, F. Tafuri, R. Rosa","doi":"10.22323/1.325.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.325.0020","url":null,"abstract":"Archimedes is an experiment devoted to measure the weight of zero point energy by weighing a \u0000cascade of rigid Casimir cavitities costituted by a layered type II superconductor, when the reflec- \u0000tivity of the cavities is modulated and thus the energy inside. In this paper the working principle \u0000of the experiment is presented and the results of the existing prototype are presented, showing \u0000the torque sensitivity of about 10−11 Nm/sqrtHz in the region of frequency from about 50 mHz \u0000up two 150 mHz. Moreover the major upgrades needed to reach the desired final sensitivity are \u0000discussed.","PeriodicalId":147125,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Gravitational-waves Science&Technology Symposium — PoS(GRASS2018)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133777822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Rodi, A. Bazzano, L. Natalucci, P. Ubertini, S. Mereghetti, E. Bozzo, C. Ferrigno, V. Savchenko, T. Courvoisier, E. Kuulkers, S. Brandt, J. Chenevez, R. Diehl, A. Kienlin, L. Hanlon, A. Martin-Carrillo, E. Jourdain, J. Roques, P. Laurent, F. Lebrun, A. Lutovinov, R. Sunyaev
The X-ray/gamma-ray mission emph{INTEGRAL} detected the short GRB170817A and demonstrated its association to a gravitational wave trigger, GW170817. This marks the first time a binary neutron star merger was detected by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration and that an electromagnetic counterpart to a gravitational wave event has been observed. GRB170817A was detected by the SPI-ACS on-board emph{INTEGRAL} and the emph{Fermi}/GBM instruments ( sim 1.7) s after the GW event. Following the prompt emission, emph{INTEGRAL} performed pointed observations for 5.4 days. During this time the instruments provided stringent upper limits on any electromagnetic signal in the 3 keV to 8 MeV range. Interestingly, the GRB was found to be extremely subluminous.In light of these results from GRB170817A, we have begun analysis of soft gamma-ray data ((200 textrm{ keV } - 2.6 textrm{ MeV })) from emph{INTEGRAL}/PICsIT. With this wide field-of-view instrument, we have begun searching for untriggered SGRBs reported by emph{Fermi}/GBM as well as preparing for real-time analysis during future LIGO-Virgo observing runs.
{"title":"INTEGRAL Observations of Gravitational-Wave Counterparts & Future Perspectives: Searching for GBM Un-Triggered SGRB with PICsIT","authors":"J. Rodi, A. Bazzano, L. Natalucci, P. Ubertini, S. Mereghetti, E. Bozzo, C. Ferrigno, V. Savchenko, T. Courvoisier, E. Kuulkers, S. Brandt, J. Chenevez, R. Diehl, A. Kienlin, L. Hanlon, A. Martin-Carrillo, E. Jourdain, J. Roques, P. Laurent, F. Lebrun, A. Lutovinov, R. Sunyaev","doi":"10.22323/1.325.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.325.0023","url":null,"abstract":"The X-ray/gamma-ray mission emph{INTEGRAL} detected the short GRB170817A and demonstrated its association to a gravitational wave trigger, GW170817. This marks the first time a binary neutron star merger was detected by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration and that an electromagnetic counterpart to a gravitational wave event has been observed. GRB170817A was detected by the SPI-ACS on-board emph{INTEGRAL} and the emph{Fermi}/GBM instruments ( sim 1.7) s after the GW event. Following the prompt emission, emph{INTEGRAL} performed pointed observations for 5.4 days. During this time the instruments provided stringent upper limits on any electromagnetic signal in the 3 keV to 8 MeV range. Interestingly, the GRB was found to be extremely subluminous.In light of these results from GRB170817A, we have begun analysis of soft gamma-ray data ((200 textrm{ keV } - 2.6 textrm{ MeV })) from emph{INTEGRAL}/PICsIT. With this wide field-of-view instrument, we have begun searching for untriggered SGRBs reported by emph{Fermi}/GBM as well as preparing for real-time analysis during future LIGO-Virgo observing runs.","PeriodicalId":147125,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Gravitational-waves Science&Technology Symposium — PoS(GRASS2018)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123094104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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