Background: In recent years, the integration of technology in education has revolutionized traditional learning paradigms. Digital literacy, a crucial skill in the 21st century, has become a vital aspect of modern education, enabling students to navigate, critically assess, and effectively use digital tools. As educators strive to boost engagement and learning outcomes, gamification has appeared as an auspicious pedagogical approach. By applying game mechanics to nongame contexts, gamification seeks to create a more immersive and digital learning experience.
Objective: This research paper aims to investigate the impact and acceptance of gamification by learners in a digital literacy course at the undergraduate level.
Methods: In a pre-post intervention study, 168 undergraduate students were randomly assigned either to the experimental group (gamification based) or control group (conventional) learning condition. Both groups of participants learned the same topics in digital literacy.
Results: Empirical findings showed that participants from the experimental group had better academic performance in digital literacy than those who were not exposed to the game-based learning environment. The participants' prior experience with gamification was not found to be a significant predictor of their acceptance of gamification in a digital literacy course.
Conclusions: The study provides evidence supporting the potential benefits of gamification in enhancing digital literacy education and opens the door for further exploration and implementation of gamified learning approaches in higher education settings.
{"title":"The Impact and Acceptance of Gamification by Learners in a Digital Literacy Course at the Undergraduate Level: Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Abeer Alnuaim","doi":"10.2196/52017","DOIUrl":"10.2196/52017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, the integration of technology in education has revolutionized traditional learning paradigms. Digital literacy, a crucial skill in the 21st century, has become a vital aspect of modern education, enabling students to navigate, critically assess, and effectively use digital tools. As educators strive to boost engagement and learning outcomes, gamification has appeared as an auspicious pedagogical approach. By applying game mechanics to nongame contexts, gamification seeks to create a more immersive and digital learning experience.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research paper aims to investigate the impact and acceptance of gamification by learners in a digital literacy course at the undergraduate level.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a pre-post intervention study, 168 undergraduate students were randomly assigned either to the experimental group (gamification based) or control group (conventional) learning condition. Both groups of participants learned the same topics in digital literacy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Empirical findings showed that participants from the experimental group had better academic performance in digital literacy than those who were not exposed to the game-based learning environment. The participants' prior experience with gamification was not found to be a significant predictor of their acceptance of gamification in a digital literacy course.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study provides evidence supporting the potential benefits of gamification in enhancing digital literacy education and opens the door for further exploration and implementation of gamified learning approaches in higher education settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14795,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Serious Games","volume":"12 ","pages":"e52017"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11363743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aseel Berglund, Leonie Klompstra, Helena Orädd, Johan Fallström, Anna Strömberg, Tiny Jaarsma, Erik Berglund
Unlabelled: Physical activity is important for everyone to maintain and improve health, especially for people with chronic diseases. Mobile exergaming has the potential to increase physical activity and to specifically reach people with poor activity levels. However, commercial mobile exergames are not specially designed for older people with chronic illnesses such as heart failure. The primary aim of this viewpoint is to describe the underlying reasoning guiding the design choices made in developing a mobile exergame, Heart Farming, tailored specifically for sedentary older people diagnosed with heart failure. The goal of the exergame is to increase physical activity levels by increasing the daily walking duration of patients with heart failure by at least 10 minutes. The rationale guiding the design decisions of the mobile exergame is grounded in the thoughtful integration of gamification strategies tailored for application in cardiovascular care. This integration is achieved through applying gamification components, gamification elements, and gamification principles. The Heart Farming mobile exergame is about helping a farmer take care of and expand a virtual farm, with these activities taking place while the patient walks in the real world. The exergame can be adapted to individual preferences and physical condition regarding where, how, when, and how much to play and walk. The exergame is developed using augmented reality so it can be played both indoors and outdoors. Augmented reality technology is used to track the patients' movement in the real world and to interpret that movement into events in the exergame rather than to augment the mobile user interface.
{"title":"The Rationale Behind the Design Decisions in an Augmented Reality Mobile eHealth Exergame to Increase Physical Activity for Inactive Older People With Heart Failure.","authors":"Aseel Berglund, Leonie Klompstra, Helena Orädd, Johan Fallström, Anna Strömberg, Tiny Jaarsma, Erik Berglund","doi":"10.2196/50066","DOIUrl":"10.2196/50066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Unlabelled: </strong>Physical activity is important for everyone to maintain and improve health, especially for people with chronic diseases. Mobile exergaming has the potential to increase physical activity and to specifically reach people with poor activity levels. However, commercial mobile exergames are not specially designed for older people with chronic illnesses such as heart failure. The primary aim of this viewpoint is to describe the underlying reasoning guiding the design choices made in developing a mobile exergame, Heart Farming, tailored specifically for sedentary older people diagnosed with heart failure. The goal of the exergame is to increase physical activity levels by increasing the daily walking duration of patients with heart failure by at least 10 minutes. The rationale guiding the design decisions of the mobile exergame is grounded in the thoughtful integration of gamification strategies tailored for application in cardiovascular care. This integration is achieved through applying gamification components, gamification elements, and gamification principles. The Heart Farming mobile exergame is about helping a farmer take care of and expand a virtual farm, with these activities taking place while the patient walks in the real world. The exergame can be adapted to individual preferences and physical condition regarding where, how, when, and how much to play and walk. The exergame is developed using augmented reality so it can be played both indoors and outdoors. Augmented reality technology is used to track the patients' movement in the real world and to interpret that movement into events in the exergame rather than to augment the mobile user interface.</p>","PeriodicalId":14795,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Serious Games","volume":"12 ","pages":"e50066"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11382433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142055619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shelby Goodwin, Jessica A Nastasi, Schyler T Newman, Darion Rapoza, Bethany R Raiff
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Approximately half of smokers attempt to quit, but 90% of these attempts fail. Video game-based interventions have the potential to address common barriers to evidence-based smoking cessation treatment, including high cost, lack of health care access, and low engagement.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a video game-based smoking cessation intervention called Inspired and its impact on the 7-day smoking point prevalence at the 30-day follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>US adults (n=48) were recruited via the web to use Inspired on their smartphones for 7 weeks. The object of the game was to defend a healing tree against attackers. Levels of the game were unlocked twice daily when participants self-reported the number of cigarettes they smoked since the previous entry. Completion of the levels awarded players in-game currency, which could strengthen in-game abilities. Participants received additional in-game rewards to aid gameplay by submitting either smoking self-reports only or self-reports indicating abstinence, determined through random assignment. In addition, participants completed a web-based survey at intake, week 4, week 7, and the 30-day follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 48 participants, who had an average age of 39.8 (SD 10.7) years, 27 (56%) were female, 4 (8%) Hispanic, 37 (77%) White, and 27 (56%) employed; 26 (54%) earned <US $40,000 a year; and 14 (29%) lived in nonurban areas (eg, rural and suburban). There were no significant differences between the groups, so all outcome data were combined. Participants averaged 20.6 (SD 15.3) days of gameplay and reached a mean highest game level of 10.7 (SD 8.4), although there was a high degree of variability. Participants reported abstinence on 31.4% (SD 38.2%) of all cessation phase reports and averaged 5.4 (SD 9.8) consecutive abstinent smoke reports. For every 1 SD increase in the highest level achieved, there was a 27% increase in the percentage of abstinent samples and a 405% increase in longest continuous abstinence. At the 30-day follow-up, 23% (11/48) of the participants reported having not taken a cigarette puff in the prior 7 days and 31% (15/48) had spent at least 24 hours without smoking in the prior 14 days. On an 11-point scale, participants rated the intervention moderately favorably: if they had to do it again, they would use Inspired to help them quit (mean 6.4, SD 3.4), and Inspired was helpful in their current attempt to quit (mean 5.4, SD 3.6).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results support the acceptability of Inspired. Although high dropout rates prevent conclusions on feasibility, a subset of the participants responded favorably. Scalable and accessible video game-based smoking cessation interventions could be the key to addressing the foremost cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in the United States.</p><p><strong>
{"title":"Feasibility and Acceptability of a Mobile Game to Support Smoking Cessation: Repeated Measures Study.","authors":"Shelby Goodwin, Jessica A Nastasi, Schyler T Newman, Darion Rapoza, Bethany R Raiff","doi":"10.2196/54684","DOIUrl":"10.2196/54684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Approximately half of smokers attempt to quit, but 90% of these attempts fail. Video game-based interventions have the potential to address common barriers to evidence-based smoking cessation treatment, including high cost, lack of health care access, and low engagement.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a video game-based smoking cessation intervention called Inspired and its impact on the 7-day smoking point prevalence at the 30-day follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>US adults (n=48) were recruited via the web to use Inspired on their smartphones for 7 weeks. The object of the game was to defend a healing tree against attackers. Levels of the game were unlocked twice daily when participants self-reported the number of cigarettes they smoked since the previous entry. Completion of the levels awarded players in-game currency, which could strengthen in-game abilities. Participants received additional in-game rewards to aid gameplay by submitting either smoking self-reports only or self-reports indicating abstinence, determined through random assignment. In addition, participants completed a web-based survey at intake, week 4, week 7, and the 30-day follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 48 participants, who had an average age of 39.8 (SD 10.7) years, 27 (56%) were female, 4 (8%) Hispanic, 37 (77%) White, and 27 (56%) employed; 26 (54%) earned <US $40,000 a year; and 14 (29%) lived in nonurban areas (eg, rural and suburban). There were no significant differences between the groups, so all outcome data were combined. Participants averaged 20.6 (SD 15.3) days of gameplay and reached a mean highest game level of 10.7 (SD 8.4), although there was a high degree of variability. Participants reported abstinence on 31.4% (SD 38.2%) of all cessation phase reports and averaged 5.4 (SD 9.8) consecutive abstinent smoke reports. For every 1 SD increase in the highest level achieved, there was a 27% increase in the percentage of abstinent samples and a 405% increase in longest continuous abstinence. At the 30-day follow-up, 23% (11/48) of the participants reported having not taken a cigarette puff in the prior 7 days and 31% (15/48) had spent at least 24 hours without smoking in the prior 14 days. On an 11-point scale, participants rated the intervention moderately favorably: if they had to do it again, they would use Inspired to help them quit (mean 6.4, SD 3.4), and Inspired was helpful in their current attempt to quit (mean 5.4, SD 3.6).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results support the acceptability of Inspired. Although high dropout rates prevent conclusions on feasibility, a subset of the participants responded favorably. Scalable and accessible video game-based smoking cessation interventions could be the key to addressing the foremost cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in the United States.</p><p><strong>","PeriodicalId":14795,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Serious Games","volume":"12 ","pages":"e54684"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142017590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction: Effects of Electronic Serious Games on Older Adults With Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Xinyi Zuo, Yong Tang, Yifang Chen, Zhimiao Zhou","doi":"10.2196/65184","DOIUrl":"10.2196/65184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/55785.].</p>","PeriodicalId":14795,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Serious Games","volume":"12 ","pages":"e65184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11358658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141982363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brian W Locke, Te-Yi Tsai, C Mahony Reategui-Rivera, Aileen S Gabriel, Aref Smiley, Joseph Finkelstein
Background: Immersive virtual reality (VR) is a promising therapy to improve the experience of patients with critical illness and may help avoid postdischarge functional impairments. However, the determinants of interest and usability may vary locally and reports of uptake in the literature are variable.
Objective: The aim of this mixed methods feasibility study was to assess the acceptability and potential utility of immersive VR in critically ill patients at a single institution.
Methods: Adults without delirium who were admitted to 1 of 2 intensive care units were offered the opportunity to participate in 5-15 minutes of immersive VR delivered by a VR headset. Patient vital signs, heart rate variability, mood, and pain were assessed before and after the VR experience. Pre-post comparisons were performed using paired 2-sided t tests. A semistructured interview was administered after the VR experience. Patient descriptions of the experience, issues, and potential uses were summarized with thematic analysis.
Results: Of the 35 patients offered the chance to participate, 20 (57%) agreed to partake in the immersive VR experience, with no difference in participation rate by age. Improvements were observed in overall mood (mean difference 1.8 points, 95% CI 0.6-3.0; P=.002), anxiety (difference of 1.7 points, 95% CI 0.8-2.7; P=.001), and pain (difference of 1.3 points, 95% CI 0.5-2.1; P=.003) assessed on 1-10 scales. The heart rate changed by a mean of -1.1 (95% CI -0.3 to -1.9; P=.008) beats per minute (bpm) from a baseline of 86.1 (SD 11.8) bpm and heart rate variability, assessed by the stress index (SI), changed by a mean of -5.0 (95% CI -1.5 to -8.5; P=.004) seconds-2 from a baseline SI of 40.0 (SD 23) seconds-2. Patients commented on the potential for the therapy to address pain, lessen anxiety, and facilitate calmness. Technical challenges were minimal and there were no adverse effects observed.
Conclusions: Patient acceptance of immersive VR was high in a mostly medical intensive care population with little prior VR experience. Patients commented on the potential of immersive VR to ameliorate cognitive and emotional symptoms. Investigators can consider integrating minimally modified commercial VR headsets into the existing intensive care unit workflow to further assess VR's efficacy for a variety of endpoints.
{"title":"Immersive Virtual Reality Use in Medical Intensive Care: Mixed Methods Feasibility Study.","authors":"Brian W Locke, Te-Yi Tsai, C Mahony Reategui-Rivera, Aileen S Gabriel, Aref Smiley, Joseph Finkelstein","doi":"10.2196/62842","DOIUrl":"10.2196/62842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immersive virtual reality (VR) is a promising therapy to improve the experience of patients with critical illness and may help avoid postdischarge functional impairments. However, the determinants of interest and usability may vary locally and reports of uptake in the literature are variable.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this mixed methods feasibility study was to assess the acceptability and potential utility of immersive VR in critically ill patients at a single institution.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults without delirium who were admitted to 1 of 2 intensive care units were offered the opportunity to participate in 5-15 minutes of immersive VR delivered by a VR headset. Patient vital signs, heart rate variability, mood, and pain were assessed before and after the VR experience. Pre-post comparisons were performed using paired 2-sided t tests. A semistructured interview was administered after the VR experience. Patient descriptions of the experience, issues, and potential uses were summarized with thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 35 patients offered the chance to participate, 20 (57%) agreed to partake in the immersive VR experience, with no difference in participation rate by age. Improvements were observed in overall mood (mean difference 1.8 points, 95% CI 0.6-3.0; P=.002), anxiety (difference of 1.7 points, 95% CI 0.8-2.7; P=.001), and pain (difference of 1.3 points, 95% CI 0.5-2.1; P=.003) assessed on 1-10 scales. The heart rate changed by a mean of -1.1 (95% CI -0.3 to -1.9; P=.008) beats per minute (bpm) from a baseline of 86.1 (SD 11.8) bpm and heart rate variability, assessed by the stress index (SI), changed by a mean of -5.0 (95% CI -1.5 to -8.5; P=.004) seconds<sup>-2</sup> from a baseline SI of 40.0 (SD 23) seconds<sup>-2</sup>. Patients commented on the potential for the therapy to address pain, lessen anxiety, and facilitate calmness. Technical challenges were minimal and there were no adverse effects observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patient acceptance of immersive VR was high in a mostly medical intensive care population with little prior VR experience. Patients commented on the potential of immersive VR to ameliorate cognitive and emotional symptoms. Investigators can consider integrating minimally modified commercial VR headsets into the existing intensive care unit workflow to further assess VR's efficacy for a variety of endpoints.</p>","PeriodicalId":14795,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Serious Games","volume":" ","pages":"e62842"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11344185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Alberto García de Alba-Chávez, Ismael Edrein Espinosa-Curiel, Rosa María Michel-Nava
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Home gardens worldwide provide sustenance, economic support, and access to fresh produce and promote household well-being, health, self-sufficiency, and food security. However, they face significant challenges worldwide and necessitate innovative promotion approaches. Serious video games have proven effective in promoting agricultural knowledge. However, more research is needed on the persuasive potential of agriculture games to influence players' thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors. This provides an opportunity to examine the impact of persuasive games on promoting home gardening among novices.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to describe the design and development of Farmily, a persuasive video game promoting home gardening among novices. In addition, it evaluated the effectiveness of Farmily and compared its impact with that of a traditional home gardening workshop. Furthermore, the study explored how game enjoyment relates to the game's outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized controlled trial with 50 novice gardening participants aged 20 to 50 years was carried out. Participants were randomly assigned to a control group (1.5-hour workshop) or an experimental group (1.5-hour Farmily session). Pre- and postintervention assessments were conducted. We evaluated Farmily's impact on knowledge, attitudes, perceived self-efficacy, and intentions regarding initiating home gardens. In addition, we investigated the user enjoyment and its relationship with the game's effect outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The experimental group significantly improved their knowledge (t<sub>24</sub>=4.26; P<.001), attitude (z<sub>24</sub>=2.98; P=.003), self-efficacy (t<sub>24</sub>=2.6; P=.02), and intention to initiate home gardens (z<sub>24</sub>=4.15; P<.001). The experimental group showed similar effectiveness in knowledge transfer (t<sub>24</sub>=-1.71; P=.09) and a more significant impact on attitude (z<sub>24</sub>=2.73; P=.006), self-efficacy (t<sub>24</sub>=2.21; P=.03), and intention to start a home garden (t<sub>24</sub>=-5.33; P<.001) than the control group. Farmily was well received by the intervention group, generating high enjoyment. Furthermore, user enjoyment substantially correlated with user attitudes (r<sub>23</sub>=0.72; P<.001) and self-efficacy (r<sub>23</sub>=0.67; P<.001), yet no discernible association was observed among user enjoyment, knowledge (r<sub>23</sub>=0.26; P=.20), and intention (r<sub>23</sub>=0.06; P=.77).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Evidence indicates that Farmily appears to be a viable tool for promoting home gardening among novices in the short term. Farmily demonstrated similar effects in knowledge improvement to those of a traditional workshop and had a more significant impact on the other variables. In addition, we found that the player's gaming experience positively relates to the player's attitudes and self-efficacy. A well-powered randomized co
{"title":"Exploring the Impact of a Persuasive Serious Video Game (Farmily) on Promoting Home Gardening Among Novices: Design and Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Carlos Alberto García de Alba-Chávez, Ismael Edrein Espinosa-Curiel, Rosa María Michel-Nava","doi":"10.2196/60771","DOIUrl":"10.2196/60771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Home gardens worldwide provide sustenance, economic support, and access to fresh produce and promote household well-being, health, self-sufficiency, and food security. However, they face significant challenges worldwide and necessitate innovative promotion approaches. Serious video games have proven effective in promoting agricultural knowledge. However, more research is needed on the persuasive potential of agriculture games to influence players' thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors. This provides an opportunity to examine the impact of persuasive games on promoting home gardening among novices.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to describe the design and development of Farmily, a persuasive video game promoting home gardening among novices. In addition, it evaluated the effectiveness of Farmily and compared its impact with that of a traditional home gardening workshop. Furthermore, the study explored how game enjoyment relates to the game's outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized controlled trial with 50 novice gardening participants aged 20 to 50 years was carried out. Participants were randomly assigned to a control group (1.5-hour workshop) or an experimental group (1.5-hour Farmily session). Pre- and postintervention assessments were conducted. We evaluated Farmily's impact on knowledge, attitudes, perceived self-efficacy, and intentions regarding initiating home gardens. In addition, we investigated the user enjoyment and its relationship with the game's effect outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The experimental group significantly improved their knowledge (t<sub>24</sub>=4.26; P<.001), attitude (z<sub>24</sub>=2.98; P=.003), self-efficacy (t<sub>24</sub>=2.6; P=.02), and intention to initiate home gardens (z<sub>24</sub>=4.15; P<.001). The experimental group showed similar effectiveness in knowledge transfer (t<sub>24</sub>=-1.71; P=.09) and a more significant impact on attitude (z<sub>24</sub>=2.73; P=.006), self-efficacy (t<sub>24</sub>=2.21; P=.03), and intention to start a home garden (t<sub>24</sub>=-5.33; P<.001) than the control group. Farmily was well received by the intervention group, generating high enjoyment. Furthermore, user enjoyment substantially correlated with user attitudes (r<sub>23</sub>=0.72; P<.001) and self-efficacy (r<sub>23</sub>=0.67; P<.001), yet no discernible association was observed among user enjoyment, knowledge (r<sub>23</sub>=0.26; P=.20), and intention (r<sub>23</sub>=0.06; P=.77).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Evidence indicates that Farmily appears to be a viable tool for promoting home gardening among novices in the short term. Farmily demonstrated similar effects in knowledge improvement to those of a traditional workshop and had a more significant impact on the other variables. In addition, we found that the player's gaming experience positively relates to the player's attitudes and self-efficacy. A well-powered randomized co","PeriodicalId":14795,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Serious Games","volume":"12 ","pages":"e60771"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11346082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dilek Kitapcioglu, Mehmet Emin Aksoy, Arun Ekin Ozkan, Tuba Usseli
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Virtual reality (VR) modules are commonly used for health care training, such as adult advanced cardiac life support (ACLS), due to immersion and engagement. The metaverse differs from current VR serious gaming by enabling shared social connections, while current VR modules focus on computer-based content without social interaction. Educators in the metaverse can foster communication and collaboration during training sessions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare learning outcomes of VR-based, machine-guided training with educator-guided, VR-based training in the metaverse environment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 62 volunteered students from Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University Vocational School for Anesthesiology were randomly divided into 2 groups of 31 participants each: one group received VR-based training with machine guidance (MG), and the other received VR-based training with educator guidance (EG) in the metaverse. The members of both groups undertook VR-based basic training for ACLS. Afterward, the MG group was trained with a VR-based advanced training module, which provides training with full MG, whereas the EG group attended the VR-based, educator-guided training in the metaverse. The primary outcome of the study was determined by the exam score of the VR-based training module. Descriptive statistics defined continuous variables such as VR exam scores and time spent on machine- or educator-guided training. The correlation between training time and VR exam scores was assessed with the Spearman rank correlation, and nonnormally distributed variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Statistical significance was set at P<.05, with analyses executed by MedCalc Statistical Software (version 12.7.7).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Comparing the VR test scores between the MG and EG groups revealed no statistically significant difference. The VR test scores for the EG group had a median of 86 (range 11-100). In contrast, the MG group scores had a median of 66 (range 13-100; P=.08). Regarding the correlation between the duration of machine-guided or educator-guided training and VR-based exam scores, for the MG group, =0.569 and P=.005 were obtained. For the EG group, this correlation was found to be =0.298 and P=.10. While this correlation is statistically significant for the MG group, it is not significant for the EG group. The post hoc power analysis (80%), considering the correlation between the time spent on training and exam scores, supported this finding.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study suggest that a well-designed, VR-based serious gaming module with MG could provide comparable learning outcomes to VR training in the metaverse with EG for adult ACLS training. Future research with a larger sample size could explore whether social interaction with educators in a metaverse environment offers added benefits for learners.</p><p
{"title":"Comparing Learning Outcomes of Machine-Guided Virtual Reality-Based Training With Educator-Guided Training in a Metaverse Environment: Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Dilek Kitapcioglu, Mehmet Emin Aksoy, Arun Ekin Ozkan, Tuba Usseli","doi":"10.2196/58654","DOIUrl":"10.2196/58654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Virtual reality (VR) modules are commonly used for health care training, such as adult advanced cardiac life support (ACLS), due to immersion and engagement. The metaverse differs from current VR serious gaming by enabling shared social connections, while current VR modules focus on computer-based content without social interaction. Educators in the metaverse can foster communication and collaboration during training sessions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare learning outcomes of VR-based, machine-guided training with educator-guided, VR-based training in the metaverse environment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 62 volunteered students from Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University Vocational School for Anesthesiology were randomly divided into 2 groups of 31 participants each: one group received VR-based training with machine guidance (MG), and the other received VR-based training with educator guidance (EG) in the metaverse. The members of both groups undertook VR-based basic training for ACLS. Afterward, the MG group was trained with a VR-based advanced training module, which provides training with full MG, whereas the EG group attended the VR-based, educator-guided training in the metaverse. The primary outcome of the study was determined by the exam score of the VR-based training module. Descriptive statistics defined continuous variables such as VR exam scores and time spent on machine- or educator-guided training. The correlation between training time and VR exam scores was assessed with the Spearman rank correlation, and nonnormally distributed variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Statistical significance was set at P<.05, with analyses executed by MedCalc Statistical Software (version 12.7.7).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Comparing the VR test scores between the MG and EG groups revealed no statistically significant difference. The VR test scores for the EG group had a median of 86 (range 11-100). In contrast, the MG group scores had a median of 66 (range 13-100; P=.08). Regarding the correlation between the duration of machine-guided or educator-guided training and VR-based exam scores, for the MG group, =0.569 and P=.005 were obtained. For the EG group, this correlation was found to be =0.298 and P=.10. While this correlation is statistically significant for the MG group, it is not significant for the EG group. The post hoc power analysis (80%), considering the correlation between the time spent on training and exam scores, supported this finding.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study suggest that a well-designed, VR-based serious gaming module with MG could provide comparable learning outcomes to VR training in the metaverse with EG for adult ACLS training. Future research with a larger sample size could explore whether social interaction with educators in a metaverse environment offers added benefits for learners.</p><p","PeriodicalId":14795,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Serious Games","volume":"12 ","pages":"e58654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11339586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laina Rosebrock, Jason Freeman, Aitor Rovira, Andre Lages Miguel, Rupert Ward, Matthew Bousfield, Ludovic Riffiod, Roya Kamvar, Thomas Kabir, Felicity Waite, Daniel Freeman
Unlabelled: Virtual reality (VR) is an immersive technology in which delivery of psychological therapy techniques can be automated. Techniques can be implemented similarly to real-world delivery or in ways that are not possible in the real world to enhance efficacy. The potential is for greater access for patients to effective therapy. Despite an increase in the use of VR for mental health, there are few descriptions of how to build and design automated VR therapies. We describe the development of Phoenix VR Self-Confidence Therapy, designed to increase positive self-beliefs in young patients diagnosed with psychosis in order to improve psychological well-being. A double-diamond, user-centered design process conducted over the course of 18 months was used, involving stakeholders from multiple areas: individuals with lived experience of psychosis, clinical psychologists, treatment designers, and VR software developers. Thirteen meetings were held with young patients diagnosed with psychosis to increase the understanding and improve the assessment of positive self-beliefs, help design the scenarios for implementing therapeutic techniques, and conduct user testing. The resulting Phoenix therapy is a class I United Kingdom Conformity Assessed (UKCA)-certified medical device designed to be used on the standalone Meta Quest 2 (Meta Platforms) headset. Phoenix aims to build up 3 types of positive self-beliefs that are connected to psychological well-being. In a community farm area, tasks are designed to increase a sense of mastery and achievement ("I can make a difference"); in a TV studio, users complete an activity with graded levels of difficulty to promote success in the face of a challenge ("I can do this"); and in a forest by a lake, activities are designed to encourage feelings of pleasure and enjoyment ("I can enjoy things"). Phoenix is delivered over the course of approximately 6 weekly sessions supported by a mental health provider. Patients can take the headsets home to use in between sessions. Usability testing with individuals with lived experience of psychosis, as well as patients in the National Health Service (aged 16-26 years), demonstrated that Phoenix is engaging, easy to use, and has high levels of satisfaction.
{"title":"Developing an Automated Virtual Reality Therapy for Improving Positive Self-Beliefs and Psychological Well-Being (Phoenix VR Self-Confidence Therapy): Tutorial.","authors":"Laina Rosebrock, Jason Freeman, Aitor Rovira, Andre Lages Miguel, Rupert Ward, Matthew Bousfield, Ludovic Riffiod, Roya Kamvar, Thomas Kabir, Felicity Waite, Daniel Freeman","doi":"10.2196/51512","DOIUrl":"10.2196/51512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Unlabelled: </strong>Virtual reality (VR) is an immersive technology in which delivery of psychological therapy techniques can be automated. Techniques can be implemented similarly to real-world delivery or in ways that are not possible in the real world to enhance efficacy. The potential is for greater access for patients to effective therapy. Despite an increase in the use of VR for mental health, there are few descriptions of how to build and design automated VR therapies. We describe the development of Phoenix VR Self-Confidence Therapy, designed to increase positive self-beliefs in young patients diagnosed with psychosis in order to improve psychological well-being. A double-diamond, user-centered design process conducted over the course of 18 months was used, involving stakeholders from multiple areas: individuals with lived experience of psychosis, clinical psychologists, treatment designers, and VR software developers. Thirteen meetings were held with young patients diagnosed with psychosis to increase the understanding and improve the assessment of positive self-beliefs, help design the scenarios for implementing therapeutic techniques, and conduct user testing. The resulting Phoenix therapy is a class I United Kingdom Conformity Assessed (UKCA)-certified medical device designed to be used on the standalone Meta Quest 2 (Meta Platforms) headset. Phoenix aims to build up 3 types of positive self-beliefs that are connected to psychological well-being. In a community farm area, tasks are designed to increase a sense of mastery and achievement (\"I can make a difference\"); in a TV studio, users complete an activity with graded levels of difficulty to promote success in the face of a challenge (\"I can do this\"); and in a forest by a lake, activities are designed to encourage feelings of pleasure and enjoyment (\"I can enjoy things\"). Phoenix is delivered over the course of approximately 6 weekly sessions supported by a mental health provider. Patients can take the headsets home to use in between sessions. Usability testing with individuals with lived experience of psychosis, as well as patients in the National Health Service (aged 16-26 years), demonstrated that Phoenix is engaging, easy to use, and has high levels of satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":14795,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Serious Games","volume":"12 ","pages":"e51512"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11322795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141901840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Serious games (SGs) are nonpharmacological interventions that are widely applied among older adults. To date, no evidence has been published regarding the effect of digital SGs on cognitive ability, daily behavioral capacity, or depression in older adults with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the effect of SGs on older adults with AD and MCI by summarizing and pooling the results of previous studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of digital SGs in improving cognitive ability, enhancing daily behavioral capacity, and alleviating depression in older adults with AD and MCI. We searched the following databases up to December 31, 2023, to identify relevant high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs): PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Stata 15.1 and Review Manager 5.3 were used to screen the 14 studies, extract data, code the data, and perform meta-analysis. Mean differences and standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% CIs were used to calculate continuous variables. The Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias. Eligibility criteria were developed in accordance with the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Study Design framework: (1) population (older adults with AD and MCI), (2) intervention (digital SG intervention), (3) comparison (digital SG intervention vs routine health care), (4) outcomes (cognitive ability, daily behavioral capacity, and depression), and (5) study or research design (RCT). Sensitivity analysis was performed, and a funnel plot was constructed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From January 2017 to December 2023, we enrolled 714 individuals across 14 RCTs, with 374 (52.4%) in the severe game group using digital SGs and 340 (47.6%) in the control group using traditional methods. The results of our meta-analysis indicated that using digital SGs in older adults with AD and MCI is more effective than traditional training methods in several key areas. Specifically, digital SG therapy significantly increased cognitive ability, as found in the Mini-Mental State Examination (SMD 2.11, 95% CI 1.42-2.80; P<.001) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (SMD 2.75, 95% CI 1.98-3.51; P<.001), significantly increased daily behavioral capacity (SMD 0.53, 95% CI 0.06-0.99; P=.03), and significantly reduced depression (SMD -2.08, 95% CI -2.94 to -1.22; P<.001) in older adults with AD and MCI. No publication bias was detected based on the results of Begg and Egger tests.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Digital SGs offer a viable and effective nonpharmacological approach for older adults with AD and MCI, yielding better results compared to traditional formats. However, caution is warranted in interpreting these findings due to limited RCTs, small sample sizes, and low-quality meta-analyzed evidenc
{"title":"Effects of Electronic Serious Games on Older Adults With Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Xinyi Zuo, Yong Tang, Yifang Chen, Zhimiao Zhou","doi":"10.2196/55785","DOIUrl":"10.2196/55785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Serious games (SGs) are nonpharmacological interventions that are widely applied among older adults. To date, no evidence has been published regarding the effect of digital SGs on cognitive ability, daily behavioral capacity, or depression in older adults with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the effect of SGs on older adults with AD and MCI by summarizing and pooling the results of previous studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of digital SGs in improving cognitive ability, enhancing daily behavioral capacity, and alleviating depression in older adults with AD and MCI. We searched the following databases up to December 31, 2023, to identify relevant high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs): PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Stata 15.1 and Review Manager 5.3 were used to screen the 14 studies, extract data, code the data, and perform meta-analysis. Mean differences and standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% CIs were used to calculate continuous variables. The Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias. Eligibility criteria were developed in accordance with the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Study Design framework: (1) population (older adults with AD and MCI), (2) intervention (digital SG intervention), (3) comparison (digital SG intervention vs routine health care), (4) outcomes (cognitive ability, daily behavioral capacity, and depression), and (5) study or research design (RCT). Sensitivity analysis was performed, and a funnel plot was constructed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From January 2017 to December 2023, we enrolled 714 individuals across 14 RCTs, with 374 (52.4%) in the severe game group using digital SGs and 340 (47.6%) in the control group using traditional methods. The results of our meta-analysis indicated that using digital SGs in older adults with AD and MCI is more effective than traditional training methods in several key areas. Specifically, digital SG therapy significantly increased cognitive ability, as found in the Mini-Mental State Examination (SMD 2.11, 95% CI 1.42-2.80; P<.001) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (SMD 2.75, 95% CI 1.98-3.51; P<.001), significantly increased daily behavioral capacity (SMD 0.53, 95% CI 0.06-0.99; P=.03), and significantly reduced depression (SMD -2.08, 95% CI -2.94 to -1.22; P<.001) in older adults with AD and MCI. No publication bias was detected based on the results of Begg and Egger tests.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Digital SGs offer a viable and effective nonpharmacological approach for older adults with AD and MCI, yielding better results compared to traditional formats. However, caution is warranted in interpreting these findings due to limited RCTs, small sample sizes, and low-quality meta-analyzed evidenc","PeriodicalId":14795,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Serious Games","volume":"12 ","pages":"e55785"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11324188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号